Hawthorn screening and classifying device

Abstract

The invention discloses a hawthorn screening and classifying device, and belongs to the technical field of screening equipment. Comprising a conveyor and a plurality of adjusting assemblies, the adjusting assemblies comprise sliding blocks, the sliding block located in the center is fixedly installed on a rack, the sliding blocks distributed on the two sides of the sliding block in the center are slidably connected with the rack, the two sliding blocks on the outermost side are installed at the output end of a driving assembly, and two adjusting wheels are rotationally connected to the sliding blocks; a rubber strip of the conveyor penetrates through a gap between the two groups of adjusting wheels; a double-outlet air cylinder is installed on the two sliding blocks, inserting teeth are installed at the two ends of the double-outlet air cylinder, a first rack is installed on the machine frame, and a second rack is installed at the output end of the driving assembly. According to the adjusting assembly, a double-thread lead screw drives an adjusting frame, a double-outlet air cylinder controls the synergistic effect of meshing of gear shapings and racks, automatic equal-proportion adjustment of the distance between rubber strips is achieved, the grading requirements of hawthorns of different maturity degrees or different sizes can be met, and the adaptability of equipment to diversified screening tasks is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of screening equipment technology, and more specifically, to a hawthorn screening and classification device. Background Technology

[0002] As a fruit that is both used for food and medicine, the size difference of hawthorn directly affects its processing uses. For example, small fruits are often used to make jams and preserves, while large fruits are mostly used for fresh consumption or deep processing. Therefore, in the pre-processing stage after hawthorn harvesting, classifying and screening by size is a key step to increase the added value of the product.

[0003] Existing screening devices mostly employ fixed-gap screens or conveyor belts, whose gap dimensions cannot be dynamically adjusted once set. However, hawthorns vary significantly in size depending on the variety and maturity level. For example, the diameter of Jingxi large-fruited hawthorns can reach 4-7 cm, while the diameter of hawthorns used for hawthorn berries and candied hawthorn skewers is generally 1-2.5 cm. Fixed-gap devices can only accommodate the screening of hawthorns of a single size. If it is necessary to switch to classifying hawthorns of different sizes, manual replacement of the screen or adjustment of the mechanical structure is required, which is cumbersome and inefficient, making it difficult to meet the diverse classification needs of large-scale production. On the other hand, if the length of the screening device is extended to accommodate different sizes of hawthorns, the device will become too long, and when screening different types and sizes of hawthorns, they will concentrate on the front or back of the screening section, failing to achieve uniform screening and affecting screening accuracy. In view of this, we propose a hawthorn screening and classification device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hawthorn screening and classification device to solve at least one of the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] This invention provides a hawthorn screening and classification device, including a conveyor and several adjustment components. The adjustment components include sliders, with the central slider fixedly mounted on the conveyor. Sliders distributed on both sides of the central slider are slidably connected to the conveyor. The two outermost sliders are mounted on the output end of the drive component. Two adjustment wheels are rotatably connected to the sliders. The rubber belt of the conveyor passes through the gap between the two sets of adjustment wheels. Two sliders adjacent to the central slider are equipped with double-outlet cylinders, and both ends of the double-outlet cylinders are equipped with pick teeth. The conveyor is equipped with a first rack, and the output end of the drive assembly is equipped with a second rack. The drive assembly drives the adjusting wheel on the outermost slider to move, and the double-outlet cylinder drives the toothed rod to mesh and fix with the second rack, so that the adjusting wheels on adjacent sliders move synchronously, thereby adjusting the spacing between several rubber strips.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution, the number of sliders is odd, and the sliders are distributed at equal intervals, with the displacement of the outermost slider being twice the displacement of its adjacent slider.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution, the conveyor includes a conveying body, on which two sets of fixed frames are installed, and several guide wheels are rotatably installed on the fixed frames, with a rubber strip passing through the gaps between the guide wheels.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution, it also includes several tensioning components, with a rubber strip wound around the tensioning wheel of the tensioning components, and a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the tensioning wheel is installed on the tensioning components.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution, the drive assembly includes a second motor, a double-threaded screw rotatably mounted on the conveyor is connected to the output end of the second motor, and two adjusting frames slidably mounted on the conveyor are threadedly engaged with the double-threaded screw.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution, it also includes two sets of telescopic plates, which are arranged parallel to the outermost rubber strip. One end of the telescopic plate is rotatably connected to the conveyor, and the other end of the telescopic plate is rotatably connected to the outermost slider.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution, the cross-section of the rubber strip is circular.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution, the conveyor is equipped with a laser sensor for detecting the displacement of the outermost slider.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution, the conveyor is equipped with a feeding hopper and several unloading hoppers arranged at an incline.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the maximum spacing of the rubber strip to be increased, such as 20mm, is input at the control console. The output end of the second motor drives the double threaded screw to rotate. The double threaded screw drives the two sets of outermost sliders to move outward through the threaded transmission with the adjusting frame. The telescopic plate and the rubber strip passing through the slider follow the slider and the adjusting wheel to rotate. During the adjustment process, the tension of the rubber strip gradually increases. When the corresponding pressure sensor detects that the tension exceeds the set value, the output end of the telescopic cylinder extends and pushes the tensioning wheel forward, thereby controlling the tension of the rubber strip within the set range. After the laser sensor detects that the outermost slider has moved 20mm, the output ends of the two sets of dual-outlet cylinders move toward the second rack, the insert tooth engages with the second rack, and the other insert tooth disengages from the first rack. As the adjustment frame continues to move, the two sliders adjacent to the central slider and the two outermost sliders move synchronously. The corresponding telescopic cylinder drives the tensioning wheel to adjust the tension of the rubber strip. When the laser sensor detects that the outermost slider has moved another 20mm, the automatic adjustment of the rubber strip spacing is completed. The output of the first motor drives the support shaft and support wheel to rotate, which in turn drives several rubber belts to continuously transport the hawthorns to be screened. The hawthorns fall from the feeding hopper onto the rubber belts and are continuously transported along the rubber belts. As the conveying distance gradually increases, the hawthorns with increasing volume along the conveying direction gradually fall from the gaps in the rubber belts onto the unloading hopper, thereby achieving the screening and classification of hawthorns.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The adjustment component of this invention achieves automated proportional adjustment of the rubber strip spacing through the coordinated action of a double-threaded screw driving the adjustment frame, a laser sensor detecting displacement in real time, and a double-outlet cylinder controlling the meshing of the insert teeth and rack. It can adapt to the grading requirements of hawthorns with different maturity or size differences, solve the problem of the narrow applicability of traditional fixed gap devices, and improve the adaptability of the equipment to diverse screening tasks.

[0016] 2. The equal spacing adjustment mechanism of this invention ensures that the gap between the rubber strips in the same width direction of the conveyor is uniform, avoiding small fruits from getting stuck or large fruits from being mis-screened due to uneven gaps; the double-outlet cylinder locking slider ensures that the position is stable after adjustment, and the horizontal conveying is ensured by the support rod, so that the hawthorn is stable in posture during the conveying process, and fruits of different sizes can accurately fall from the corresponding gaps into the unloading hopper, resulting in high grading accuracy.

[0017] 3. In the process of driving the slider displacement, the telescopic plate moves synchronously with the slider, thereby keeping it parallel to the outermost rubber strip and preventing hawthorns from falling off the edge.

[0018] 4. The tensioning component of this invention can dynamically adjust the tension of the rubber strip in real time during the screening process. In the spacing adjustment stage, it can coordinate with the sliding displacement of the slider to adaptively release the rubber strip to adapt to the increase in the length of the upper conveying section caused by the change in the spacing of the strip. This effectively prevents the rubber strip from breaking due to excessive stretching during the spacing adjustment process and ensures the structural safety of the rubber strip operation.

[0019] 5. The guide wheel of this invention can ensure that the rubber strip between it and the support wheel maintains a stable transmission direction, effectively avoiding the risk of the strip detaching from the support wheel due to the deviation of the strip direction during the spacing adjustment process, significantly improving the structural stability of the transmission connection between the rubber strip and the support wheel, and ensuring the reliability of the equipment for long-term continuous operation. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hawthorn screening and classification device disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a hawthorn screening and classification device disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tensioning component structure of a hawthorn screening and classification device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rubber strip winding of a hawthorn screening and classification device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the drive component of the hawthorn screening and classification device disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the insert teeth and racks of the hawthorn screening and sorting device disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the dual-outlet cylinder connection structure of a hawthorn screening and classification device disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] The following are the labeling instructions in the diagram: 1. Conveyor; 2. Tensioning assembly; 3. Drive assembly; 4. Adjusting assembly; 6. First rack; 7. Second rack; 8. Telescopic plate; 9. Unloading hopper; 10. Laser sensor; 11. Frame; 12. Support shaft; 13. Support wheel; 14. Rubber belt; 15. Fixing frame; 16. Guide wheel; 17. First motor; 18. Support rod; 19. Feeding hopper; 21. Telescopic cylinder; 22. Pressure sensor; 23. Connecting frame; 24. Tensioning wheel; 31. Second motor; 32. Double threaded screw; 33. Adjusting frame; 41. Slider; 42. Adjusting wheel; 43. Double air cylinder; 44. Toothed pinion. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Reference Figures 1 to 7This embodiment discloses a hawthorn screening and classification device, including a conveyor 1. The conveyor 1 includes a frame 11, on which a plurality of support shafts 12 are rotatably mounted. In this embodiment, four sets of support shafts 12 are provided, and a plurality of support wheels 13 are fixedly mounted on the support shafts 12. In this embodiment, each support shaft 12 is provided with five sets of support wheels 13. A rubber strip 14 is wound around the support wheel 13. The cross-section of the rubber strip 14 is circular. When the support wheel 13 rotates, the rubber strip 14 is subject to the limiting groove of the support wheel 13 and will not shift along the axial direction of the support wheel 13, thereby ensuring the stability of the conveying of the rubber strip 14. By setting the rubber strip 14, the damage rate of the hawthorn skin can be effectively reduced and the screening quality can be improved during the conveying of hawthorn.

[0024] Two sets of fixing brackets 15 are fixedly installed on the frame 11, located between the two upper support shafts 12. Several guide wheels 16 are rotatably mounted on the fixing brackets 15, and the rubber strip 14 passes through the gaps between the corresponding guide wheels 16. The arrangement of the guide wheels 16 ensures that the direction of the rubber strip 14 between the guide wheel 16 and the adjacent support wheel 13 remains unchanged, preventing the rubber strip 14 wound on the support wheel 13 from detaching from the support wheel 13 due to changes in direction, thus improving the stability of the connection between the rubber strip 14 and the support wheel 13.

[0025] The output end of the first motor 17, which is fixedly installed on the frame 11, is fixedly connected to a support shaft 12. The output end of the first motor 17 drives the support shaft 12 to rotate. Through the transmission of the support wheel 13 and the rubber belt 14, the other support wheels 13 and support shafts 12 are driven to rotate, thereby conveying the hawthorns placed on the rubber belt 14. Several support rods 18 are rotatably installed on the frame 11. The support rods 18 are located on the lower side of the upper rubber belt 14 and are used to support the rubber belt 14 to prevent it from sagging due to excessive conveying distance. They can ensure the horizontality of the conveying of the rubber belt 14 to a certain extent and prevent the hawthorns from collapsing due to tilting during conveying. A feeding hopper 19 is fixedly installed on the frame 11 for feeding hawthorns onto the rubber belt 14.

[0026] Reference Figures 1 to 4Several tensioning components 2 are installed on the frame 11, the number of which is the same as the number of rubber strips 14. Each tensioning component 2 includes a telescopic cylinder 21 fixedly mounted on the frame 11. A pressure sensor 22 is fixedly mounted on the output end of the telescopic cylinder 21, and a connecting frame 23 is fixedly mounted on the measuring end of the pressure sensor 22. A tensioning wheel 24 is rotatably connected to the connecting frame 23, and the rubber strip 14 is wound around the tensioning wheel 24. The output end of the telescopic cylinder 21 drives the tensioning wheel 24 to tension the rubber strip 14, thereby adjusting the tension force of the rubber strip 14. The magnitude of the tension force is detected in real time by the pressure sensor 22. When the tension force exceeds the set range, the output end of the telescopic cylinder 21 adjusts the position of the rubber strip 14 according to the magnitude of the tension force, thereby achieving dynamic adjustment of the tension force of the rubber strip 14.

[0027] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 A drive assembly 3 is mounted on the frame 11. The drive assembly 3 includes a second motor 31 fixedly mounted on the frame 11. A double-threaded screw 32 is fixedly mounted on the output end of the second motor 31. The double-threaded screw 32 is rotatably connected to the frame 11. Two sets of adjusting brackets 33 are threadedly engaged on the double-threaded screw 32. The adjusting brackets 33 are slidably connected to the frame 11 via guide rails. The output end of the second motor 31 drives the double-threaded screw 32 to rotate, thereby causing the two sets of adjusting brackets 33 to move towards or away from each other.

[0028] Reference Figure 2 , Figures 4 to 7The frame 11 is equipped with several adjustment components 4, the number of which is the same as the number of rubber strips 14. Each adjustment component 4 includes a slider 41, and the number of sliders 41 is odd. The central slider 41 is fixedly installed on the frame 11. The sliders 41 on both sides of the central slider 41 are slidably connected to the frame 11 via guide rails. The sliding direction of the sliders 41 is parallel to the axial direction of the support shaft 12. Two sets of adjustment wheels 42 are rotatably connected to the sliders 41. The rubber strip 14 passes through the gap between the two sets of adjustment wheels 42. Two double-outlet cylinders 43 are fixedly installed on the two sliders 41 adjacent to the central slider 41. The two outermost sets of sliders 41 are fixedly installed on the adjustment frame 33. Both ends of the double-outlet cylinders 43 are fixedly installed with insert teeth 44. A first rack 6 parallel to the support shaft 12 is fixedly installed on the frame 11, and a second rack 7 is fixedly installed on the adjustment frame 33. The second rack 7 is arranged parallel to the first rack 6. When the adjusting frame 33 moves, it can drive the outermost slider 41 and adjusting wheel 42 to move. When the inserter 44 is inserted into the second rack 7, when the adjusting frame 33 moves, it can drive the two sliders 41 adjacent to the central slider 41 to move simultaneously, thereby realizing the adjustment of the spacing of several rubber strips 14. The double-outlet cylinder 43 can control the two sets of inserters 44 to mesh with the first rack 6 and the second rack 7 respectively, thereby controlling the two sliders 41 adjacent to the central slider 41 to be fixed on the frame 11, so that the sliders 41 remain stable when not moving, or fixed on the adjusting frame 33, so that they can move synchronously with the adjusting frame 33, thereby adjusting the screening spacing of the corresponding rubber strips 14.

[0029] Several sliders 41 are evenly distributed, and the displacement of the outermost slider 41 is twice the displacement of the slider 41 adjacent to the center slider 41, thereby realizing the equal spacing adjustment of the rubber strip 14.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5 The sorting device also includes two sets of telescopic plates 8, which are arranged parallel to the outermost rubber strip 14. Each telescopic plate 8 consists of a baffle and an extension plate that are slidably connected to each other. The baffle is rotatably connected to the frame 11, and the extension plate is rotatably connected to the outermost slider 41. When the outermost slider 41 moves, the telescopic plate 8 can move synchronously, thereby reducing the difficulty of adjusting the telescopic plate 8 and preventing the hawthorns being transported from falling directly from the outermost rubber strip 14.

[0031] Several unloading hoppers 9 are fixedly installed on the frame 11. The unloading hoppers 9 are inclined and have rubber pads installed inside to prevent the hawthorn skin from being damaged when they fall. A laser sensor 10 is installed on the frame 11 to detect the displacement of the outermost slider 41. If the slider 41 adjacent to the center slider 41 needs to increase its distance by 20mm, then the outermost slider 41 needs to be displaced by 40mm. After the laser sensor 10 detects that the displacement of the outermost slider 41 has reached 20mm, the output end of the double-outlet cylinder 43 moves in the opposite direction, controlling the tooth 44 to mesh with the second rack 7. At this time, when the adjusting frame 33 moves another 20mm, the slider 41 adjacent to the center slider 41 and the outermost slider 41 move synchronously, thereby realizing the equal spacing adjustment of the rubber strip 14. It should be noted that the maximum spacing between the rubber strips 14 is sufficient to allow the largest hawthorns to fall, preventing them from accumulating at the position of the adjusting wheel 42. If any hawthorns fail to fall, they must be unloaded using auxiliary means, such as manual picking.

[0032] Working principle: The operator inputs the maximum spacing that the rubber strip 14 needs to be increased, such as 20mm, at the control panel. The output end of the second motor 31 drives the double threaded screw 32 to rotate. The double threaded screw 32 drives the two sets of outermost sliders 41 to move outward through the threaded transmission with the adjusting frame 33. The telescopic plate 8 and the rubber strip 14 passing through the slider 41 follow the slider 41 and the adjusting wheel 42 to rotate. During the adjustment process, the tension of the rubber strip 14 gradually increases. When the corresponding pressure sensor 22 detects that the tension exceeds the set value, the output end of the telescopic cylinder 21 extends and pushes the tensioning wheel 24 forward, thereby controlling the tension of the rubber strip 14 within the set range.

[0033] After the laser sensor 10 detects that the outermost slider 41 has moved 20mm, the output ends of the two sets of double-outlet cylinders 43 move toward the second rack 7, the insert tooth 44 engages with the second rack 7, and the other insert tooth 44 disengages from the first rack 6.

[0034] The adjusting frame 33 continues to move, and the two sliders 41 adjacent to the central slider 41 and the two outermost sliders 41 follow and move synchronously. The corresponding telescopic cylinder 21 drives the tensioning wheel 24 to adjust the tension of the rubber strip 14. When the laser sensor 10 detects that the outermost slider 41 has moved 20mm again, the automatic adjustment of the spacing of the rubber strip 14 is completed.

[0035] The output of the first motor 17 drives the support shaft 12 and the support wheel 13 to rotate, which in turn drives several rubber belts 14 to continuously transport. The hawthorns to be screened fall from the feeding hopper 19 onto the rubber belts 14 and are continuously transported along with the rubber belts 14. As the gap between the rubber belts 14 gradually increases, along the conveying direction, hawthorns of varying sizes fall from the gaps between the rubber belts 14 onto different unloading hoppers 9, thereby achieving the screening and classification of hawthorns.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hawthorn screening and classification device, characterized in that: It includes a conveyor (1) and several adjustment components (4). The adjustment components (4) include sliders (41). The slider (41) located in the center is fixedly installed on the conveyor (1). The sliders (41) distributed on both sides of the central slider (41) are slidably connected to the conveyor (1). The two outermost sliders (41) are installed at the output end of the drive component (3). Two adjustment wheels (42) are rotatably connected on the sliders (41). The rubber strip (14) of the conveyor (1) passes through the gap between the two sets of adjustment wheels (42). Two sliders (41) adjacent to the central slider (41) are equipped with double-outlet cylinders (43), and both ends of the double-outlet cylinders (43) are equipped with pick teeth (44). The conveyor (1) is equipped with a first rack (6), and the output end of the drive assembly (3) is equipped with a second rack (7). The drive assembly (3) drives the adjusting wheel (42) on the outermost slider (41) to move, and the double-outlet cylinder (43) drives the toothed tooth (44) to mesh and fix with the second rack (7), so that the adjusting wheel (42) on the adjacent slider (41) moves synchronously, and the spacing between several rubber strips (14) is adjusted.

2. The hawthorn screening and classification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of sliders (41) is odd, and the sliders (41) are distributed at equal intervals. The displacement of the outermost slider (41) is twice the displacement of its adjacent slider (41).

3. The hawthorn screening and classification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveyor (1) includes a conveying body, on which two sets of fixed frames (15) are installed. Several guide wheels (16) are rotatably installed on the fixed frames (15), and a rubber strip (14) passes through the gap between the guide wheels (16).

4. The hawthorn screening and classification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes several tensioning components (2), with a rubber strip (14) wound around the tensioning wheel (24) of the tensioning component (2), and a pressure sensor (22) for detecting the pressure of the tensioning wheel (24) is installed on the tensioning component (2).

5. The hawthorn screening and classification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly (3) includes a second motor (31), a double-threaded screw (32) rotatably mounted on the conveyor (1) and connected to the output end of the second motor (31), and two adjusting frames (33) slidably mounted on the conveyor (1) and threadedly engaged with the double-threaded screw (32).

6. The hawthorn screening and classification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes two sets of telescopic plates (8), which are set parallel to the outermost rubber strip (14). One end of the telescopic plate (8) is rotatably connected to the conveyor (1), and the other end of the telescopic plate (8) is rotatably connected to the outermost slider (41).

7. The hawthorn screening and classification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the rubber strip (14) is circular.

8. The hawthorn screening and classification device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The conveyor (1) is equipped with a laser sensor (10) for detecting the displacement of the outermost slider (41).

9. The hawthorn screening and classification device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The conveyor (1) is equipped with a feeding hopper (19) and several unloading hoppers (9) arranged at an incline.

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