Lithium battery electrode material recovery system and process

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of waste lithium battery recovery processing, and discloses a lithium battery electrode material recovery system and a lithium battery electrode material recovery process, the lithium battery electrode material recovery system comprises a first shearing crusher, a closed conveying belt, a second shearing crusher, a screw conveyor, an auger conveyor and an eddy current sorting machine, an impact stripping assembly is arranged between the screw conveyor and the auger conveyor, a waste gas treatment assembly is arranged on the outer side of the impact stripping assembly, a multi-stage vibrating screen is arranged at a discharging port of the auger conveyor, a kneading assembly is arranged at a discharging port of the multi-stage vibrating screen, and a waste separation assembly is installed on the outer side of the kneading assembly. The impact hammer is used for performing high-strength impact rolling on materials to realize main body stripping of positive and negative electrode powder and copper-aluminum foil, and then a brush in the rubbing assembly is used for flexibly cleaning the screened copper-aluminum foil to remove trace positive and negative electrode powder physically adsorbed on the surface of the copper-aluminum foil, so that thorough stripping of the positive and negative electrode materials is ensured, and the quality of the copper-aluminum foil is improved. And the collection effect on positive and negative electrode powder is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of waste lithium battery recycling, in particular to a lithium battery electrode material recycling system and process. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the popularity of new energy vehicles and portable electronic devices, the use of lithium ion batteries has grown rapidly, and a large number of waste lithium batteries have been generated. The waste lithium battery contains valuable metals such as positive and negative electrode powder, copper, aluminum, cobalt and lithium. If not properly disposed of, not only will it cause waste of resources, but also the electrolyte and heavy metals inside will cause serious pollution to the environment. Therefore, efficient and environmentally friendly recycling of waste lithium batteries has important economic value and environmental significance.

[0003] In the existing waste lithium battery recycling process, crushing and screening are usually used to separate electrode materials and metal foils. However, the traditional physical crushing method cannot completely remove the positive and negative electrode active materials attached to the copper and aluminum foils, resulting in a large amount of positive and negative electrode powder still physically adsorbed on the foil surface, which not only causes loss of valuable materials, but also directly reduces the purity of the subsequent sorted metals (such as copper and aluminum) and the amount of positive and negative electrode powder collected.

[0004] In addition, the material after crushing and screening is a complex mixture containing metal foils, separators, plastic shell fragments and other non-metallic materials. The presence of these light non-metallic impurities seriously interferes with the accurate separation of copper and aluminum metals in the subsequent eddy current sorting process, affecting the final metal separation effect.

[0005] The existing recycling system generates harmful gases during the working process, which are generated by the volatilization of electrolyte residues in waste lithium batteries when heated. These harmful gases escape into the working environment, polluting the environment and threatening the health and safety of operators. SUMMARY

[0006] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a lithium battery electrode material recycling system and process, which solves the problem of incomplete stripping of positive and negative electrode materials and metal foils in the prior art, resulting in reduced metal purity and positive and negative electrode powder collection.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a lithium battery electrode material recycling system, which comprises a first shear crusher, a closed conveyor belt, a second shear crusher, a screw conveyor, an auger conveyor and an eddy current sorter. An impact stripping assembly is provided between the screw conveyor and the auger conveyor. A waste gas treatment assembly is provided on the outside of the impact stripping assembly. A multi-stage vibrating screen is provided at the discharge port of the auger conveyor. A rubbing assembly is provided at the discharge port of the multi-stage vibrating screen. A waste material separation assembly is installed on the outside of the rubbing assembly. The impact stripping assembly comprises a shell, a feed inlet of the shell is connected with a discharge outlet of the screw conveyor, a discharge outlet of the shell is connected with a feed inlet of the auger conveyor, an impact hammer is arranged in the middle of the shell, a first air pump is fixedly connected to the top of the shell, a spray pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell, an output end of the first air pump is connected with the spray pipe, a second connecting port and a first connecting port are arranged on the outer side of the shell from top to bottom, and a water cavity is arranged in the middle of the shell.

[0008] Preferably, the waste gas treatment assembly comprises a water tank, the water tank is arranged behind the shell, a negative pressure pipe is fixedly connected to the middle of the water tank, one end of the negative pressure pipe is fixedly connected to the middle of the shell, the other end of the negative pressure pipe is located in the interior of the water tank, a second air pump is fixedly connected to the top of the water tank, a water inlet and a drain are arranged on the outer side of the water tank from top to bottom, and a filter plate is fixedly connected to the middle of the negative pressure pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the rubbing assembly comprises a shell and a turnover assembly, the shell is connected with a discharge outlet of the multi-stage vibrating screen, a support frame is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the shell, a filter barrel is rotatably connected to the middle of the shell, the filter barrel is arranged in the middle of the support frame, a discharge outlet is arranged on the top of the filter barrel, a second motor is fixedly connected to one side of the shell, an output end of the second motor is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, a plurality of brushes are arranged on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the middle of the filter barrel, a third air pump is fixedly connected to the outer side of the shell, an input end of the third air pump is fixedly connected to the interior of the shell, and the turnover assembly is arranged on the other side of the shell.

[0010] Preferably, the turnover assembly comprises a first motor, the first motor is fixedly connected to one end of the shell away from the second motor, a second gear is fixedly connected to the outer side of the filter barrel, an output end of the first motor is fixedly connected with a first gear, and the first gear is engaged with the second gear.

[0011] Preferably, the waste material separation assembly comprises an electric push rod, a folding assembly and a collection assembly, the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the outer side of the shell, an output end of the shell is fixedly connected with a movable plate, a recess is arranged in the middle of the shell, the movable plate is slidably connected in the middle of the recess, the folding assembly is arranged on the outer side of the movable plate, a Z-shaped discharge pipe is arranged at the other end of the folding assembly, a fourth air pump is fixedly connected to the outer side of the Z-shaped discharge pipe, an air pipe is fixedly connected to the middle of the Z-shaped discharge pipe, an output end of the fourth air pump is connected with the air pipe, a waste material port is arranged on the outer side of the Z-shaped discharge pipe, the waste material port is located directly above the air pipe, and the collection assembly is arranged on the outer side of the Z-shaped discharge pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the folding assembly comprises two fixed plates, the two fixed plates are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the shell and the movable plate respectively, both ends of the two fixed plates are rotatably connected with rotating plates, adjacent two rotating plates are provided with a hinge element near the one end, the middle parts of the two fixed plates and the plurality of rotating plates are provided with elastic cloth, and the other end of the elastic cloth is fixedly connected to the top of the Z-shaped blanking pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the collecting assembly comprises a horizontal plate and a collecting box, the horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the Z-shaped blanking pipe, the outer side of the Z-shaped blanking pipe is fixedly connected with a connecting pipe, the middle part of the horizontal plate is provided with a clamping groove, the collecting box is arranged on the outer side of the Z-shaped blanking pipe, one side of the collecting box close to the horizontal plate is fixedly connected with a clamping block, the clamping block is slidably connected in the middle part of the clamping groove, and one end of the connecting pipe away from the Z-shaped blanking pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the collecting box.

[0014] Preferably, the outer side of the driving motor of the second shearing crusher is provided with a current sensor.

[0015] Preferably, the top of the shell is fixedly connected with a temperature device, and the triggering end of the temperature device is located in the interior of the shell.

[0016] Another aspect of the present application provides a lithium battery electrode material recycling process, comprising the following steps: S1, the pretreated waste lithium battery is placed in the first shearing crusher for preliminary tearing; S2, the material after the preliminary tearing is conveyed to the second shearing crusher through the closed conveying belt for secondary tearing, in the secondary tearing process, the driving motor load current of the second shearing crusher is monitored in real time by using the current sensor, and the operation of the second shearing crusher and the upstream equipment is controlled according to the load current; S3, the material after the secondary tearing is sent into the shell of the impact stripping assembly through the screw conveyor, the impact hammer drives the material in the shell to impact, the positive and negative electrode powder attached to the surface of the copper aluminum foil is stripped, the cooling water is introduced into the water cavity through the first connecting port and the second connecting port to cool the shell, at the same time, the temperature in the shell is monitored in real time by using the temperature device, and the flow of the cooling water is adjusted according to the monitored temperature, in the impact process, the second air pump is started, the volatile gas in the shell is sucked into the water tank through the negative pressure pipe, the gas contacts with the liquid in the water tank after passing through the filter plate on the negative pressure pipe, and the adsorption treatment is carried out, after the impact stripping is completed, the first air pump is started, and the gas flow is sprayed into the shell through the spray pipe, so that the material after the impact stripping is blown to the discharge port of the shell; S4, the material from the discharge port of the shell into the auger conveyor, and is transported by the auger conveyor to the multi-stage vibrating screen for screening, and the screened copper aluminum foil is discharged into the shell of the rubbing assembly from the discharge port thereof, and the copper aluminum foil enters the filter barrel through the discharge port; S5, start the second motor, drive the rotating shaft and the brush on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft to rotate, and clean the copper aluminum foil in the filter barrel; at the same time, start the third air pump to suck out the positive and negative electrode powder cleaned from the shell; S6, after cleaning, start the first motor to drive the first gear to rotate, the first gear is engaged with the second gear, drives the filter barrel to overturn, and the copper aluminum foil is poured out from the discharge port; S7, start the electric push rod to drive the movable plate to move in the groove, open the discharge port of the shell, when the movable plate moves, drive the fixed plate, rotating plate and hinge of the folding assembly to act, so that the stretchable cloth is unfolded, and the material enters the Z-shaped downpipe through the stretchable cloth; S8, start the fourth air pump to make the air pipe spray upward; when the material falls through the Z-shaped downpipe, the heavier metal material continues to fall, the lighter film and fragments are blown up by the airflow and enter the collection box through the waste port and the connecting pipe, and the heavier metal material continues to fall and enters the eddy current separator for separation.

[0017] The application provides a lithium battery electrode material recycling system and process. 1、The impact stripping assembly and the rubbing assembly are provided, first, the impact hammer is used for high-intensity impact crushing of the material, the main stripping of the positive and negative electrode powder and the copper aluminum foil is realized, then, the brush in the rubbing assembly is used for flexible cleaning of the screened copper aluminum foil, so that the trace positive and negative electrode powder physically adsorbed on the surface of the copper aluminum foil is removed, the thoroughness of the positive and negative electrode material stripping is ensured, and the collection effect of the positive and negative electrode powder is improved.

[0018] 2、The application sets up a waste separation assembly, which forms an airflow specific gravity separation channel through the Z-shaped downpipe and the fourth air pump. When the rubbed material falls, the upward airflow sprayed by the air pipe blows out and collects the light waste such as film and plastic with small density from the waste port, and the heavy metal foil continues to fall by overcoming the airflow resistance. Therefore, the non-metallic impurities mixed in the metal material are effectively removed, the purity of the material entering the eddy current separator is improved, and the effect of final metal separation is ensured.

[0019] 3、The waste gas treatment assembly is arranged, when the impact stripping assembly works, the second air pump generates negative pressure between the water tank and the shell, the volatile gas generated due to high temperature and rolling in the impact process is extracted in time, the gas is divided into small bubbles through the filter plate on the negative pressure pipe, and then is fully adsorbed and treated in the water tank, harmful gas and dust are prevented from diffusing to the working environment, and the environmental protection performance and operation safety of the system are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a back perspective view of the present application; Figure 2 It is a front perspective view of the present application; Figure 3 It is a second shearing crusher schematic view of the present application; Figure 4 It is an impact stripping assembly schematic view of the present application; Figure 5 It is a rubbing assembly schematic view of the present application; Figure 6 It is a waste gas treatment assembly schematic view of the present application; Figure 7 It is a filter plate schematic view of the present application; Figure 8 It is a filter barrel schematic view of the present application; Figure 9 It is a movable plate schematic view of the present application; Figure 10 It is a brush schematic view of the present application; Figure 11 It is a shell cross-section schematic view of the present application; Figure 12 It is a waste material separation assembly schematic view of the present application; Figure 13 It is a folding assembly schematic view of the present application; Figure 14 It is a Z-shaped unloading pipe cross-section schematic view of the present application; Figure 15 It is a collection box schematic view of the present application; Figure 16 It is a process step flow schematic view of the present application.

[0021] 1, first shear crusher; 2, closed conveying belt; 3, second shear crusher; 4, screw conveyor; 5, shell; 6, auger conveyor; 7, multi-stage vibrating screen; 8, housing; 9, eddy current separator; 10, impact hammer; 11, temperature device; 12, water tank; 13, water inlet; 14, water outlet; 15, first connecting port; 16, second connecting port; 17, Z-shaped discharging pipe; 18, connecting pipe; 19, current sensor; 20, first air pump; 21, negative pressure pipe; 22, second air pump; 23, first motor; 24, second motor; 25, third air pump; 26, movable plate; 27, groove; 28, electric push rod; 29, collection box; 30, stretch cloth; 31, cross plate; 32, spray pipe; 33, water cavity; 34, filter plate; 35, filter barrel; 36, discharging port; 37, support frame; 38, rotating shaft; 39, brush; 40, first gear; 41, fixed plate; 42, rotating plate; 43, hinge; 44, fourth air pump; 45, clamping groove; 46, air pipe; 47, clamping block; 48, waste port; 49, second gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the specification of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0023] Please refer to the drawings in the specification of the present application Figure 1 - the drawings in the specification of the present application Figure 3 The present application provides a lithium battery electrode material recycling system in one aspect, which comprises a first shear crusher 1, a closed conveying belt 2, a second shear crusher 3, a screw conveyor 4, an auger conveyor 6 and an eddy current separator 9. An impact stripping assembly is arranged between the screw conveyor 4 and the auger conveyor 6. A waste gas treatment assembly is arranged on the outer side of the impact stripping assembly. A multi-stage vibrating screen 7 is arranged at the discharging port of the auger conveyor 6. A rubbing assembly is arranged at the discharging port of the multi-stage vibrating screen 7. A waste material separation assembly is mounted on the outer side of the rubbing assembly. In one specific embodiment, the first shear crusher 1 and the second shear crusher 3 gradually crush the waste lithium battery to ensure uniform particle size of the material. The impact stripping assembly performs powder stripping and pre-separation on the material from the screw conveyor 4. The waste gas treatment assembly is linked with the impact stripping assembly to treat the dust and volatile gas generated during the stripping process. The auger conveyor 6 conveys the heavy material after impact stripping to the multi-stage vibrating screen 7 for safe screening. The rubbing assembly cleans the surface of the screened foil. The waste material separation assembly separates the cleaned foil into light and heavy materials. The separated metal material finally enters the eddy current separator 9 to realize the final separation of copper and aluminum materials.

[0024] Referring to the drawings Figure 4 and the drawings Figure 6 , the impact stripping assembly includes a shell 5, the feed port of the shell 5 is connected with the discharge port of the screw conveyor 4, the discharge port of the shell 5 is connected with the feed port of the auger conveyor 6, the impact hammer 10 is installed in the middle of the shell 5, the first air pump 20 is fixedly connected to the top of the shell 5, the inner wall of the shell 5 is fixedly connected with the spray pipe 32, the output end of the first air pump 20 is connected with the spray pipe 32, the outer side of the shell 5 is provided with the second connecting port 16 and the first connecting port 15 from top to bottom, and the middle of the shell 5 is provided with a water cavity 33; In one embodiment, the structure of the shell 5 is optimized as an impact stripping and air separation integrated cavity, the impact hammer 10 rotates at high speed, and the material and the attached positive and negative electrode powder are impacted and stripped, the bottom of the shell 5 is preferably a solid bottom plate without a screen structure, the discharge port is connected to the position of the auger conveyor 6 below the cavity, after repeated impact and rolling, the first air pump 20 is driven to make the spray pipe 32 blow the impacted fragments into the discharge port, for discharging heavy metal foil materials, the top of the shell 5 is provided with a light material outlet, under the negative pressure suction of the waste gas treatment assembly, the stripped volatile gas is extracted from the top outlet, the water cavity 33, the first connecting port 15 and the second connecting port 16 constitute a cooling circulation loop for controlling the temperature of the cavity.

[0025] Referring to the drawings Figure 4 , the drawings Figure 6 and the drawings Figure 7 , the waste gas treatment assembly includes a water tank 12, the water tank 12 is arranged at the rear of the shell 5, the middle of the water tank 12 is fixedly connected with a negative pressure pipe 21, one end of the negative pressure pipe 21 is fixedly connected to the middle of the shell 5, the other end of the negative pressure pipe 21 is located in the interior of the water tank 12, the top of the water tank 12 is fixedly connected with a second air pump 22, the outer side of the water tank 12 is provided with a water inlet 13 and a drain 14 from top to bottom, and the middle of the negative pressure pipe 21 is fixedly connected with a filter plate 34; In one embodiment, one end of the negative pressure pipe 21 is connected with the top light material outlet of the impact stripping assembly shell 5. The water tank 12 serves as a circulating liquid tank, and the washing liquid is supplemented and replaced through the water inlet 13 and the drain 14, for quenching and cooling the high-temperature gas, neutralizing the HF acid gas and capturing most of the harmful substances, the filter plate 34 is used for dividing the gas entering the water tank 12, and increasing the gas-liquid contact area. The second air pump 22 is arranged at the top of the water tank 12, and the shell 5 and the water tank 12 provide continuous and slow negative pressure suction power, and send out the treated gas.

[0026] Referring to the drawings Figure 5 , the drawings Figure 8 , the drawings Figure 9 and the drawings Figure 10The kneading assembly comprises a shell 8 connected with a discharge port of the multi-stage vibration screen 7, a support frame 37 fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the shell 8, a filter barrel 35 rotatably connected to the middle portion of the shell 8 and placed in the middle portion of the support frame 37, a discharge port 36 formed in the top of the filter barrel 35, a second motor 24 fixedly connected to one side of the shell 8, a rotating shaft 38 fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 24, a brush 39 arranged on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 38, the rotating shaft 38 being rotatably connected to the middle portion of the filter barrel 35, a third air pump 25 fixedly connected to the outer side of the shell 8, and the input end of the third air pump 25 being fixedly connected to the inside of the shell 8, and a turnover assembly arranged on the other side of the shell 8. In one specific embodiment, the kneading assembly is used to process the metal foil from the screen discharge port of the multi-stage vibration screen 7. The shell 8 is a closed structure. The barrel wall of the filter barrel 35 is a screen structure, and the pore size is designed to allow the positive and negative electrode powders to pass through but intercept the metal foil. The second motor 24 drives the rotating shaft 38 and the brush 39 to rotate, and the metal foil in the filter barrel 35 is subjected to flexible scraping to remove the trace of residual dust physically adsorbed on the surface. The third air pump 25 generates negative pressure through the air suction port on the shell 8, and the dust that passes through the screen holes of the filter barrel 35 is sucked away for centralized collection.

[0027] Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 8 and the accompanying drawings Figure 9 The turnover assembly comprises a first motor 23 fixedly connected to one end of the shell 8 away from the second motor 24, a second gear 49 fixedly connected to the outer side of the filter barrel 35, and a first gear 40 fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 23 and engaged with the second gear 49. In one specific embodiment, the turnover assembly is used to automatically discharge the metal foil after the kneading process is completed. The first motor 23 serves as a driving source to drive the first gear 40 to rotate, and through the meshing transmission of the first gear 40 and the second gear 49, the filter barrel 35 is driven to turn 180° around the central axis, so that the discharge port 36 at the top thereof is turned downward, thereby using gravity to discharge the metal foil in the interior to the bottom of the shell 8.

[0028] Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 11 - the accompanying drawings Figure 15The waste separation component includes an electric push rod 28, a folding component, and a collection component. The electric push rod 28 is fixedly connected to the outside of the housing 8. A movable plate 26 is fixedly connected to the output end of the housing 8. A groove 27 is provided in the middle of the housing 8. The movable plate 26 is slidably connected to the middle of the groove 27. The folding component is located on the outside of the movable plate 26. A Z-shaped feeding pipe 17 is provided at the other end of the folding component. A fourth air pump 44 is fixedly connected to the outside of the Z-shaped feeding pipe 17. An air pipe 46 is fixedly connected to the middle of the Z-shaped feeding pipe 17. The output end of the fourth air pump 44 is connected to the air pipe 46. A waste port 48 is provided on the outside of the Z-shaped feeding pipe 17. The waste port 48 is located directly above the air pipe 46. The collection component is located on the outside of the Z-shaped feeding pipe 17. In one specific embodiment, the waste separation assembly constitutes an airflow gravity separator for separating crumpled metal foil from mixed lightweight non-metallic waste (such as diaphragms and plastic fragments). The Z-shaped feed pipe 17 is the main separation channel. A fourth air pump 44 provides rising airflow, which is injected into the channel through air pipe 46. As the material falls, the heavier metal foils, such as copper and aluminum, overcome airflow resistance and continue falling to the bottom outlet of the Z-shaped feed pipe 17, eventually reaching the eddy current separator 9. Lighter waste materials, such as diaphragms, are carried up by the rising airflow and discharged from the waste outlet 48 located above the air pipe 46. An electric push rod 28 moves a movable plate 26 to control the opening and closing of the discharge port of the housing 8, thereby realizing the material transfer process from the housing 8 to the Z-shaped feed pipe 17.

[0029] See appendix Figure 5 Appendix Figure 11 and attached Figure 13 The folding assembly includes two fixed plates 41, which are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the housing 8 and the movable plate 26 respectively. Rotating plates 42 are rotatably connected to both ends of the two fixed plates 41. A hinge 43 is provided at one end of two adjacent rotating plates 42. A telescopic cloth 30 is provided in the middle of the two fixed plates 41 and the multiple rotating plates 42. The other end of the telescopic cloth 30 is fixedly connected to the top of the Z-shaped feed tube 17. In one specific embodiment, the folding assembly forms a foldable, sealed connection channel. When the electric push rod 28 drives the movable plate 26 to move, the linkage mechanism consisting of the fixed plate 41, the rotating plate 42, and the hinge 43 unfolds or folds, causing the telescopic cloth 30 to extend or retract, thereby maintaining a flexible, sealed material channel between the discharge port of the housing 8 and the inlet of the Z-shaped feed tube 17, preventing the film from drifting and adhering to the device.

[0030] See appendix Figure 15The collecting assembly comprises a cross plate 31 and a collecting box 29, the cross plate 31 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the Z-shaped blanking pipe 17, the outer side of the Z-shaped blanking pipe 17 is fixedly connected with a connecting pipe 18, the middle part of the cross plate 31 is provided with a clamping groove 45, the collecting box 29 is arranged on the outer side of the Z-shaped blanking pipe 17, and the side, close to the cross plate 31, of the collecting box 29 is fixedly connected with a clamping block 47, the clamping block 47 is slidingly connected to the middle part of the clamping groove 45, and the end, away from the Z-shaped blanking pipe 17, of the connecting pipe 18 is fixedly connected to the top of the collecting box 29; In one specific embodiment, the collecting assembly is used for collecting the light waste discharged from the waste port 48. The connecting pipe 18 connects the waste port 48 with the collecting box 29, and the waste is pushed into the collecting box 29 by the airflow. The clamping block 47 and the clamping groove 45 form a quick disassembly and assembly structure, which facilitates the operator to take down the collecting box 29 from the cross plate 31 to concentrate on cleaning the waste.

[0031] Referring to the drawings Figure 3 The outer side of the driving motor of the second shearing crusher 3 is provided with a current sensor 19. In one specific embodiment, the current sensor 19 is used for monitoring the load current of the driving motor of the second shearing crusher 3 in real time. When the current value exceeds a preset threshold value, it indicates that the equipment is overloaded or blocked. The control unit can automatically execute the reverse discharge program or suspend the operation of the upstream first shearing crusher 1 and the closed conveying belt 2 to prevent equipment damage and realize automatic interlocking control.

[0032] Referring to the drawings Figure 4 The top of the shell 5 is fixedly connected with a temperature detector 11, and the triggering end of the temperature detector 11 is located in the interior of the shell 5. In one specific embodiment, the temperature detector 11 serves as a temperature sensor and is used for monitoring the operating temperature in the interior of the shell 5 of the impact stripping assembly in real time. According to this signal, the control unit automatically adjusts the flow of cooling water flowing through the water cavity 33 or adjusts the feeding speed of the screw conveyor 4 when necessary to ensure that the cavity temperature is always lower than the melting point of the diaphragm material, thereby preventing material adhesion and reducing safety risks.

[0033] Referring to the drawings Figure 16 Another aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a lithium battery electrode material recycling process, which comprises the following steps: S1, placing the pretreated waste lithium battery into the first shearing crusher 1 to perform preliminary tearing; S2, conveying the material after preliminary tearing to the second shearing crusher 3 through the closed conveying belt 2 to perform secondary tearing, and in the process of secondary tearing, the load current of the driving motor of the second shearing crusher 3 is monitored in real time by using the current sensor 19, and the operation of the second shearing crusher 3 and the upstream equipment is controlled according to the load current; S3, the material after secondary shredding is sent into the shell 5 of the impact stripping assembly by the screw conveyor 4, the impact hammer 10 is driven to impact the material in the shell 5 to strip the positive and negative electrode powder attached to the surface of the copper-aluminum foil, and cooling water is introduced into the water cavity 33 through the first connecting port 15 and the second connecting port 16 to cool the shell 5, while in the process of impact, the temperature inside the shell 5 is monitored in real time by the temperature meter 11, and the flow of cooling water is adjusted according to the monitored temperature, in the process of impact, the second air pump 22 is started to make the volatile gas in the shell 5 be sucked into the water tank 12 through the negative pressure pipe 21, the gas contacts with the liquid in the water tank 12 after passing through the filter plate 34 on the negative pressure pipe 21 for adsorption treatment, after the impact is completed, the first air pump 20 is started to spray gas flow into the shell 5 through the spray pipe 32 to blow the material after impact stripping to the discharge port of the shell 5; S4, the material enters the auger conveyor 6 from the discharge port of the shell 5 and is conveyed to the multi-stage vibration screen 7 by the auger conveyor 6 for screening, and the copper-aluminum foil after screening is discharged from the discharge port into the shell 8 of the rubbing assembly, and the copper-aluminum foil enters the filter barrel 35 through the discharge port 36; S5, the second motor 24 is started to drive the rotating shaft 38 and the brush 39 outside the rotating shaft 38 to rotate to clean the copper-aluminum foil in the filter barrel 35, and the third air pump 25 is started to suck the positive and negative electrode powder cleaned from the shell 8; S6, after cleaning is completed, the first motor 23 is started to drive the first gear 40 to rotate, the first gear 40 is engaged with the second gear 49 to drive the filter barrel 35 to overturn so that the copper-aluminum foil is poured out from the discharge port 36; S7, the electric push rod 28 is started to drive the movable plate 26 to move in the groove 27 to open the discharge port of the shell 8, when the movable plate 26 moves, the fixed plate 41, the rotating plate 42 and the hinge 43 of the folding assembly are driven to act, so that the stretch cloth 30 is unfolded, and the material enters the Z-shaped discharge pipe 17 through the stretch cloth 30; S8, the fourth air pump 44 is started to make the air pipe 46 spray gas flow upward, when the material falls through the Z-shaped discharge pipe 17, the heavier metal material continues to fall, the lighter film and fragments are blown up by the gas flow and enter the collection box 29 through the waste port 48 and the connecting pipe 18 for collection, and the heavier metal material continues to fall and enters the eddy current separator 9 for separation.

[0034] Working principle: first, the pretreatment (battery shell removal, electrolyte removal) after the waste lithium battery is put into the first shearing crusher 1 to carry on the preliminary tearing, the preliminary tearing after the waste lithium battery enters the second shearing crusher 3 through the closed conveying belt 2 to carry on the second tearing, avoid the big block material to block the downstream equipment, the waste lithium battery after the second tearing is sent into the content of the shell 5 through the screw conveyor 4, the driving impact hammer 10 carries out repeated impact and rolling to the fragments in the shell 5, the residual copper aluminum foil and the mixed material of the positive and negative electrode powder after two times of tearing are subjected to the strengthening impact, so as to strip the residual positive and negative electrode powder attached to the surface of the copper aluminum foil, provide pretreatment for subsequent screening, after repeated impact and rolling, drive the first air pump 20 to make the spray pipe 32 blow the impacted fragments into the discharge port, so that the screw conveyor 4 can send the fragments into the multi-stage vibration screen 7 to carry on the screening, at the same time, when the fragments are repeatedly impacted, the external water pipe is connected with the second connecting port 16, so that the cooling water can enter the spray pipe 32 in the shell 5 through the first connecting port 15, and is discharged through the second connecting port 16, so that a large amount of heat generated after continuous impact and crushing can be quickly reduced by the cooling water in the water cavity 33, to avoid the diaphragm melting and material adhesion.

[0035] At the same time in the impact process, drive the second air pump 22 to carry on the air extraction, make the inside of the water tank 12 continuously in the negative pressure state, then under the action of the negative pressure pipe 21, the air in the shell 5 can be sucked into the water in the water tank 12, the water in the water tank 12 is used to filter and adsorb the gas after the residual electrolyte volatilizes, and under the action of the filter plate 34 in the negative pressure pipe 21, the gas that can be sucked is divided, so as to form a large number of small bubbles, and then the adsorption effect of water on the volatilized electrolyte is improved, the filtered gas is discharged through the output end of the second air pump 22, so as to avoid the volatilized electrolyte to cause pollution to the working environment, and after a long time of filtering and adsorbing, the water after adsorbing the electrolyte can be discharged through the drain port 14, and the new water source is input through the water inlet 13, to ensure the adsorption effect of the electrolyte.

[0036] The impact of the fragments can be sent into the multi-stage vibration screen 7 through the screw conveyor 6, and the positive and negative electrode powder is separated from the copper-aluminum foil. The separated copper-aluminum foil enters the shell 8 through the discharge port, and under the action of the lower discharge port 36, the copper-aluminum foil can fall into the inside of the filter barrel 35. The second motor 24 is driven to rotate the rotating shaft 38, and the rotating shaft 38 drives the brush 39 to rotate together, so that the brush 39 can clean the copper-aluminum foil in the filter barrel 35, and then the copper-aluminum foil physically adsorbed on the surface of the copper-aluminum foil is swept down, and the third air pump 25 is used to suck out and concentrate the positive and negative electrode powder falling from the filter hole of the filter barrel 35. After repeated cleaning, the first motor 23 is driven to rotate the first gear 40, the first gear 40 drives the filter barrel 35 to rotate through the second gear 49, and the orientation of the lower discharge port 36 is turned over, so that the copper-aluminum foil in the filter barrel 35 is poured out. The electric push rod 28 is driven to drive the movable plate 26 to lift in the groove 27, so that the copper-aluminum foil can be discharged.

[0037] The movable plate 26 is lifted at the same time to drive one of the fixed plates 41 to move, so that the two fixed plates 41 are separated, and the two fixed plates 41 are separated at the same time under the action of the hinge 43 to drive the edge rotating plate 42 to expand, so that the stretch cloth 30 is stretched, so that the copper-aluminum foil fragments can enter the Z-shaped discharge pipe 17 through the stretch cloth 30. The fourth air pump 44 is driven to supply air to the air pipe 46, so that the air pipe 46 sprays air upward, and then the film and fragments mixed in the copper-aluminum foil are blown by the air flow. The metal material will continue to fall under the action of the weight and enter the eddy current separator 9. The eddy current separator 9 is used to separate metals of different materials, and the plastic and film blown by the air flow enter the connecting pipe 18 through the waste port 48 and enter the collection box 29 under the guidance of the connecting pipe 18. The collection box 29 is pulled to drive the clamping block 47 to slide out from the middle of the clamping groove 45 of the horizontal plate 31, so that the collection box 29 is taken out to clean the waste.

Claims

1. A lithium battery electrode material recycling system, comprising a first shearing crusher (1), a closed conveyor belt (2), a second shearing crusher (3), a screw conveyor (4), an auger conveyor (6), and an eddy current separator (9), characterized in that, An impact stripping assembly is provided between the screw conveyor (4) and the auger conveyor (6). An exhaust gas treatment assembly is provided on the outside of the impact stripping assembly. A multi-stage vibrating screen (7) is provided at the discharge port of the auger conveyor (6). A kneading assembly is provided at the discharge port of the multi-stage vibrating screen (7). A waste separation assembly is installed on the outside of the kneading assembly. The impact stripping assembly includes a housing (5), the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the screw conveyor (4), the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the auger conveyor (6), an impact hammer (10) is installed in the middle of the housing (5), a first air pump (20) is fixedly connected to the top of the housing (5), a nozzle (32) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (5), the output end of the first air pump (20) is connected to the nozzle (32), a second connection port (16) and a first connection port (15) are respectively provided on the outer side of the housing (5) from top to bottom, and a water cavity (33) is provided in the middle of the housing (5).

2. The lithium battery electrode material recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust gas treatment assembly includes a water tank (12), which is located behind the outer shell (5). A negative pressure pipe (21) is fixedly connected to the middle of the water tank (12). One end of the negative pressure pipe (21) is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer shell (5), and the other end of the negative pressure pipe (21) is located inside the water tank (12). A second air pump (22) is fixedly connected to the top of the water tank (12). An inlet (13) and a drain (14) are respectively provided on the outer side of the water tank (12) from top to bottom. A filter plate (34) is fixedly connected to the middle of the negative pressure pipe (21).

3. The lithium battery electrode material recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The kneading assembly includes a housing (8) and a flipping assembly. The housing (8) is connected to one of the discharge ports of the multi-stage vibrating screen (7). A support frame (37) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing (8). A filter barrel (35) is rotatably connected to the middle of the housing (8). The filter barrel (35) is placed in the middle of the support frame (37). A discharge port (36) is opened at the top of the filter barrel (35). A second motor (24) is fixedly connected to one side of the housing (8). A rotating shaft (38) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor (24). A brush (39) is provided on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (38). The rotating shaft (38) is rotatably connected to the middle of the filter barrel (35). A third air pump (25) is fixedly connected to the outside of the housing (8). The input end of the third air pump (25) is fixedly connected to the inside of the housing (8). The flipping assembly is located on the other side of the housing (8).

4. A lithium battery electrode material recycling system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flipping assembly includes a first motor (23), which is fixedly connected to the end of the housing (8) away from the second motor (24). A second gear (49) is fixedly connected to the outside of the filter barrel (35). A first gear (40) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor (23). The first gear (40) meshes with the second gear (49).

5. A lithium battery electrode material recycling system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The waste separation assembly includes an electric push rod (28), a folding assembly, and a collection assembly. The electric push rod (28) is fixedly connected to the outside of the housing (8). The output end of the housing (8) is fixedly connected to a movable plate (26). A groove (27) is provided in the middle of the housing (8). The movable plate (26) is slidably connected to the middle of the groove (27). The folding assembly is located on the outside of the movable plate (26). A Z-shaped feeding pipe (17) is provided at the other end of the folding assembly. A fourth air pump (44) is fixedly connected to the outside of the Z-shaped feeding pipe (17). An air pipe (46) is fixedly connected to the middle of the Z-shaped feeding pipe (17). The output end of the fourth air pump (44) is connected to the air pipe (46). A waste port (48) is provided on the outside of the Z-shaped feeding pipe (17). The waste port (48) is located directly above the air pipe (46). The collection assembly is located on the outside of the Z-shaped feeding pipe (17).

6. A lithium battery electrode material recycling system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The folding assembly includes two fixed plates (41), which are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the housing (8) and the movable plate (26), respectively. Rotating plates (42) are rotatably connected to both ends of the two fixed plates (41). A hinge (43) is provided at one end of two adjacent rotating plates (42). A telescopic cloth (30) is provided in the middle of the two fixed plates (41) and the multiple rotating plates (42). The other end of the telescopic cloth (30) is fixedly connected to the top of the Z-shaped feed tube (17).

7. A lithium battery electrode material recycling system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The collection assembly includes a horizontal plate (31) and a collection box (29). The horizontal plate (31) is fixedly connected to the outside of the Z-shaped feed tube (17). A connecting pipe (18) is fixedly connected to the outside of the Z-shaped feed tube (17). A slot (45) is provided in the middle of the horizontal plate (31). The collection box (29) is located on the outside of the Z-shaped feed tube (17). A locking block (47) is fixedly connected to the side of the collection box (29) near the horizontal plate (31). The locking block (47) is slidably connected to the middle of the slot (45). The end of the connecting pipe (18) away from the Z-shaped feed tube (17) is fixedly connected to the top of the collection box (29).

8. A lithium battery electrode material recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A current sensor (19) is installed on the outside of the drive motor of the second shear crusher (3).

9. A lithium battery electrode material recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A thermometer (11) is fixedly connected to the top of the housing (5), and the trigger end of the thermometer (11) is located inside the housing (5).

10. A lithium battery electrode material recycling process, applied to the lithium battery electrode material recycling system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The pretreated waste lithium battery is placed in the first shearing crusher (1) for initial shredding; S2. The material after initial shredding is conveyed to the second shear crusher (3) through the closed conveyor belt (2) for secondary shredding. During the secondary shredding process, the load current of the drive motor of the second shear crusher (3) is monitored in real time by the current sensor (19), and the operation of the second shear crusher (3) and the upstream equipment is controlled according to the load current. S3. The material after secondary shredding is fed into the outer shell (5) of the impact peeling assembly via a screw conveyor (4). The impact hammer (10) is driven to impact the material inside the outer shell (5) to peel off the positive and negative electrode powders attached to the surface of the copper and aluminum foil. Cooling water is introduced into the water chamber (33) through the first connection port (15) and the second connection port (16) to cool the outer shell (5). At the same time, during the impact process, the temperature inside the outer shell (5) is monitored in real time by a thermometer (11), and the cooling water is adjusted according to the monitored temperature. To reduce the water flow rate, during the impact process, the second air pump (22) is started, so that the volatile gas inside the outer shell (5) is drawn into the water tank (12) through the negative pressure pipe (21). After the gas passes through the filter plate (34) on the negative pressure pipe (21), it comes into contact with the liquid in the water tank (12) for adsorption treatment. After the impact is completed, the first air pump (20) is started, and airflow is sprayed into the outer shell (5) through the nozzle (32) to blow the material after impact and stripping to the discharge port of the outer shell (5). S4. The material enters the auger conveyor (6) from the discharge port of the outer shell (5) and is conveyed by the auger conveyor (6) to the multi-stage vibrating screen (7) for screening. The screened copper and aluminum foil is discharged from its discharge port into the shell (8) of the kneading component. The copper and aluminum foil enters the filter barrel (35) through the discharge port (36). S5. Start the second motor (24) to drive the rotating shaft (38) and the brush (39) on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (38) to rotate and clean the copper and aluminum foil in the filter barrel (35); at the same time, start the third air pump (25) to suck out the cleaned positive and negative electrode powder from the housing (8); S6. After cleaning is completed, start the first motor (23) to drive the first gear (40) to rotate. The first gear (40) meshes with the second gear (49) to drive the filter barrel (35) to flip, so that the copper and aluminum foil is poured out from the discharge port (36). S7. Start the electric push rod (28) to drive the movable plate (26) to move in the groove (27) and open the outlet of the housing (8). When the movable plate (26) moves, it drives the fixed plate (41), rotating plate (42) and hinge (43) of the folding assembly to move, so that the telescopic cloth (30) unfolds and the material enters the Z-shaped feed tube (17) through the telescopic cloth (30). S8. Start the fourth air pump (44) to spray air upward through the air pipe (46); when the material falls through the Z-shaped feed pipe (17), the heavier metal material continues to fall, while the lighter film and fragments are blown up by the airflow and collected in the collection box (29) through the waste port (48) and the connecting pipe (18). The heavier metal material continues to fall and enters the eddy current separator (9) for separation.

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