Composite dust suppression and crusting agent as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a composite dust suppression crusting agent as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of dust suppressants. The composite dust suppression and crusting agent provided by the invention is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 30 to 40 parts of acrylic emulsion, 15 to 25 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 12 to 18 parts of sodium silicate, 16 to 26 parts of an active agent, 5 to 10 parts of a thickening agent, 1.5 to 2.5 parts of a water-retaining agent, 0.8 to 1.2 parts of a dispersing agent, 2 to 3 parts of a pH regulator and 0.1 to 0.5 part of a preservative. Through reasonable proportioning, not only is the film-forming strength of the dust suppression and crusting agent improved, but also the flexibility is enhanced, so that the dust suppression and crusting agent can adapt to the surface characteristics of different base materials; the dust suppression and crusting agent provided by the invention has good thickening property and water-retaining property, so that the dust suppression and crusting agent is easier to operate in the construction process and is not easy to flow; various components in the formula enable the coating to adapt to different construction environments and base materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of dust suppressant technology, specifically relating to a composite dust suppressant and crusting agent, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of industry and urbanization, atmospheric particulate matter pollution has gradually become one of the most prominent problems in urban air quality. Atmospheric particulate matter not only seriously affects human health, but also has a significant impact on the quality of the atmospheric environment. With the advancement of urbanization, infrastructure construction such as real estate and public facilities is accelerating. Dust from construction sites, municipal construction sites, and exposed ground in urban areas has become an important source of atmospheric particulate matter pollution. With rapid economic development, environmental pollution problems are becoming increasingly prominent, among which suspended particulate matter is an important cause of environmental pollution, and dust from a large number of construction sites and exposed land is one of the sources of suspended particulate matter.

[0003] Dust is a significant source of pollution that harms human health, affects urban air quality, and reduces atmospheric visibility. The use of dust suppressants is an effective measure to improve dust control, optimize construction dust, and protect worker health. Currently, dust suppressants primarily composed of inorganic salts (such as calcium chloride and magnesium chloride) and materials like asphalt and heavy oil work by absorbing moisture or physically covering the dust. However, these dust suppressants suffer from problems such as equipment corrosion, susceptibility to environmental influences (e.g., erosion by rainwater), and secondary pollution. Organic dust suppressants, such as those made of organic polymers (e.g., polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol) and natural plant gums (e.g., chitosan and lignin sulfonates), fix dust through bonding and film formation, but they are costly, require stringent environmental conditions, and are toxic, posing health risks to operators. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a composite dust suppressant and crusting agent, its preparation method, and its application. The composite dust suppressant and crusting agent provided by this invention has high thickening and water retention properties, making it easier to operate during construction and less prone to dripping; it also has the advantages of low cost and high environmental adaptability, good dust suppression effect, strong wind resistance, and non-toxicity.

[0005] To achieve the objectives of this invention, the following technical solutions are provided: A composite dust suppressant and crusting agent, comprising the following components by weight: The ingredients are: 30-40 parts acrylic emulsion, 15-25 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 12-18 parts sodium silicate, 16-26 parts activator, 5-10 parts thickener, 1.5-2.5 parts water-retaining agent, 0.8-1.2 parts dispersant, 2-3 parts pH adjuster, and 0.1-0.5 parts preservative.

[0006] Preferably, the activator includes acrylate, butyl methacrylate, and propylene glycol butyl ether; The mass ratio of the acrylate, butyl methacrylate and propylene glycol butyl ether is 8~12:8~12:0.8~1.2.

[0007] Preferably, the dispersant comprises sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and / or sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0008] Preferably, the thickener comprises polyacrylamide and / or polyvinyl alcohol.

[0009] Preferably, the water-retaining agent comprises sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0010] Preferably, the pH adjuster includes sodium bicarbonate and / or sodium carbonate.

[0011] Preferably, the preservative includes paraben preservatives and / or paraben preservatives.

[0012] This invention also provides a method for preparing the composite dust suppressant and crusting agent described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps: The composite dust suppressant and crusting agent is obtained by mixing acrylic emulsion, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium silicate, pH adjuster, dispersant, thickener, water-retaining agent, activator and preservative.

[0013] Preferably, the mixing temperature is 20~40℃ and the time is 1~3h; the mixing is carried out under stirring conditions and the stirring rate is 100~200rpm.

[0014] This invention also provides the application of the composite dust suppressant and crusting agent described in the above technical solution or the composite dust suppressant and crusting agent prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in the field of road repair or dust suppression.

[0015] This invention provides a composite dust suppressant and crusting agent, comprising the following components by weight: 30-40 parts acrylic emulsion, 15-25 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 12-18 parts sodium silicate, 16-26 parts activator, 5-10 parts thickener, 1.5-2.5 parts water-retaining agent, 0.8-1.2 parts dispersant, 2-3 parts pH adjuster, and 0.1-0.5 parts preservative. Through a rational formulation, this invention not only improves the film-forming strength of the dust suppressant and crusting agent but also enhances its flexibility, enabling it to adapt to the surface characteristics of different substrates. Furthermore, the provided dust suppressant and crusting agent possesses excellent thickening and water-retaining properties, making it easier to handle during application and less prone to dripping. The multiple components in the formula allow it to adapt to different application environments and substrates.

[0016] Furthermore, this invention uses a basic acrylic emulsion as a raw material, employing high molecular polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, acrylate, butyl methacrylate, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as film-forming components, and inorganic materials such as sodium silicate and sodium bicarbonate as film-stabilizing components. Surfactants such as sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate are used as dispersing and emulsifying components, propylene glycol butyl ether is used as an auxiliary solvent, and finally, preservatives such as sodium benzoate are added to obtain a composite dust suppressant with excellent comprehensive performance. Compared to pure acrylic emulsion, the composite formula of this invention improves the thickening and water retention properties of the dust suppressant, making it easier to handle during construction and less prone to dripping; the multiple components in the formula allow it to adapt to different construction environments and substrates. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the actual application of the composite dust suppressant and crusting agent obtained in Example 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the actual application of the composite dust suppressant and crusting agent obtained in Example 2 of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating the actual application of the composite dust suppressant and crusting agent obtained in Example 3 of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a physical image of the composite dust suppressant and crusting agent obtained in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] This invention provides a composite dust suppressant and crusting agent, comprising the following components by mass: The ingredients are: 30-40 parts acrylic emulsion, 15-25 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 12-18 parts sodium silicate, 16-26 parts activator, 5-10 parts thickener, 1.5-2.5 parts water-retaining agent, 0.8-1.2 parts dispersant, 2-3 parts pH adjuster, and 0.1-0.5 parts preservative.

[0020] In this invention, unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in the preparation are commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art.

[0021] In this invention, the composite dust suppressant and crusting agent comprises 30-40 parts of acrylic emulsion by weight, and in specific embodiments, it may be 33, 35 or 37 parts.

[0022] Based on the mass fraction of the acrylic emulsion, the composite dust suppressant and crusting agent comprises 15-25 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, which may be 18, 20, or 21 parts in specific embodiments. The addition of polyvinyl alcohol in this invention significantly improves the weather resistance and water resistance of the dust suppressant and crusting agent, enabling it to maintain good performance in outdoor environments and humid conditions.

[0023] Based on the mass fraction of the acrylic emulsion, the composite dust-suppressing and crusting agent comprises 12-18 parts of sodium silicate, which may be 13 or 15 parts in specific embodiments. In this invention, sodium silicate serves as an inorganic cementing material, thus reducing costs.

[0024] Based on the mass fraction of the acrylic emulsion, the composite dust suppressant and crusting agent comprises 16-26 parts of an active agent, which in specific embodiments can be 18, 20, or 25 parts; the active agent comprises acrylate, butyl methacrylate, and propylene glycol butyl ether; the mass ratio of the acrylate, butyl methacrylate, and propylene glycol butyl ether is 8-12:8-12:0.8-1.2, which in specific embodiments can be 10:10:1. In this invention, by compounding the active agent, the film-forming activity, adhesion, flexibility, weather resistance, and application performance of the dust suppressant and crusting agent can be improved. Through the synergistic effect of the above components, the dust suppressant and crusting agent can quickly form a uniform, dense film with good adhesion after application, while also possessing excellent weather resistance and flexibility, thus maintaining good performance under various environmental conditions.

[0025] Based on the mass fraction of the acrylic emulsion, the composite dust-suppressing and crust-forming agent includes 5-10 parts of thickener, which may be 7 or 9 parts in specific embodiments; the thickener includes polyacrylamide and / or polyvinyl alcohol, which may be polyacrylamide in specific embodiments. In this invention, polyacrylamide has thickening and rheology-modifying effects. Polyacrylamide can increase the viscosity of the acrylic emulsion, thereby improving its rheological properties. By adjusting the viscosity of the acrylic emulsion, it can improve its spreadability and leveling properties during application, avoiding problems such as sagging or uneven application. Furthermore, polyacrylamide can enhance film-forming properties. The amide groups on the polyacrylamide molecular chain can interact with other components in the acrylic emulsion to form a network structure, enhancing the mechanical strength and toughness of the film after formation. This helps improve the abrasion resistance, impact resistance, and adhesion of the film formed after drying, making it more durable and robust during use. Polyacrylamide can also improve stability. The long-chain structure of the polyacrylamide molecular chain can play a stabilizing role in the emulsion, preventing particle aggregation and sedimentation, thereby improving the storage stability of the emulsion.

[0026] Based on the mass fraction of the acrylic emulsion, the composite dust suppressant and crusting agent includes 1.5 to 2.5 parts of a water-retaining agent, which may be 2.0 or 2.3 parts in specific embodiments; the water-retaining agent includes sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in this invention has excellent thickening and water-retaining properties. It can increase the viscosity of the emulsion, improve its water-retaining capacity, prevent excessively rapid evaporation of water, thereby extending the open time of the emulsion, facilitating construction operations, and maintaining the uniformity of the film during drying, reducing cracking and other problems caused by rapid water loss. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose can also act as a protective colloid, adsorbing onto the surface of emulsion particles to form a protective film, preventing particle aggregation and sedimentation, thereby improving the stability of the emulsion, helping to maintain the uniformity of the emulsion during storage and use, and preventing stratification and sedimentation. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose can also participate in the film-forming process of the emulsion, interacting with other components in the emulsion to form a film with certain strength and flexibility. It can improve the water and solvent resistance of membranes, enhance their antifouling ability and durability, and ensure that the crusting agent maintains good performance under various environmental conditions. Furthermore, natural cellulose derivatives such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose have good biodegradability, and all components are non-toxic and non-irritating materials, meeting environmental protection and safety standards and reducing environmental pollution. The production process is simple, easy to operate, relatively environmentally friendly, with low energy consumption and few byproducts, meeting modern environmental protection requirements.

[0027] Based on the mass fraction of the acrylic emulsion, the composite dust suppressant and crusting agent includes 0.8-1.2 parts of dispersant, which in specific embodiments can be 0.9 or 1.1 parts; the dispersant includes sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and / or sodium dodecyl sulfate. In this invention, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate can reduce surface tension, making latex particles in the emulsion easier to disperse, reducing collisions and aggregation between latex particles, thereby improving the stability of the emulsion. Enhanced film uniformity: During film formation, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate can ensure uniform distribution of film-forming components, forming a more uniform film layer, improving the appearance quality and performance of the film after formation.

[0028] Based on the mass fraction of the acrylic emulsion, the composite dust suppressant and crusting agent includes 2-3 parts of a pH adjuster, which includes sodium bicarbonate and / or sodium carbonate. In this invention, sodium bicarbonate adjusts the pH value, making the surface charge distribution of latex particles in the emulsion more uniform, enhancing the electrostatic repulsion between latex particles, thereby preventing latex particle aggregation and improving the stability of the emulsion. During film formation, sodium bicarbonate may weakly interact with functional groups such as carboxyl groups in the film-forming components, forming a certain cross-linked structure, thereby enhancing the strength of the film after formation.

[0029] Based on the mass fraction of the acrylic emulsion, the composite dust suppressant and crusting agent includes 0.1 to 0.5 parts of preservative, which includes paraben preservatives and / or paraben preservatives.

[0030] This invention also provides a method for preparing the composite dust suppressant and crusting agent described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps: The composite dust suppressant and crusting agent is obtained by mixing acrylic emulsion, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium silicate, pH adjuster, dispersant, thickener, water-retaining agent, activator and preservative.

[0031] In this invention, the mixing includes the following steps: Acrylic emulsion, polyvinyl alcohol, and sodium silicate are mixed to obtain a basic mixture; The base mixture, pH adjuster, and dispersant are mixed to obtain mixture one; Mix the first mixture, the thickener, and the water-retaining agent to obtain the second mixture; The second mixture and the surfactant are mixed to obtain an active mixture; The active mixture and the preservative are mixed to obtain the composite dust suppressant and crusting agent.

[0032] In this invention, the acrylic emulsion, polyvinyl alcohol, and sodium silicate are mixed for 5-15 minutes at a rate of 100-200 rpm; the base mixture, pH adjuster, and dispersant are mixed for 5-10 minutes; the first mixture, thickener, and water-retaining agent are mixed for 15-25 minutes; the second mixture and activator are mixed for 40-80 minutes; and the active mixture and preservative are mixed for 30-50 minutes.

[0033] This invention also provides the application of the composite dust suppressant and crusting agent described in the above technical solution or the composite dust suppressant and crusting agent prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in the field of road repair or dust suppression.

[0034] To further illustrate the present invention, the composite dust suppressant and crusting agent, its preparation method, and its application provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but these should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1 Weigh 33g of acrylic emulsion, 18g of polyvinyl alcohol and 15g of liquid sodium silicate, and place them in a reaction vessel in sequence. Stir for 10 minutes at room temperature (25℃) and 120rpm / min to obtain the basic mixture. Add 2.5g sodium bicarbonate and 0.9g sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate to the above basic mixture, and continue stirring at 120rpm / min for 5min until completely dissolved to obtain mixture one; Slowly add 7.5g of polyacrylamide and 1.9g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to mixture one, and stir at 180rpm / min for 20min until completely dissolved to obtain mixture two; Add 10g of acrylate, 10g of butyl methacrylate and 0.9g of propylene glycol butyl ether to the above mixture 2 in sequence, and continue stirring at 180rpm / min for 60min to obtain the active mixture. Add 0.3g of preservative to the above active mixture and stir for 30min at 180rpm / min to obtain a composite dust suppressant and crusting agent.

[0036] The obtained composite crusting agent solution is evenly sprayed onto the surface of sand, gravel, or dusty areas that require crusting treatment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the composite crusting agent forms a film with a certain gloss visible to the naked eye on the surface, creating a slightly smooth thin shell on the surface of sand and gravel dust.

[0037] Example 2 Weigh 33g of acrylic emulsion, 15g of polyvinyl alcohol and 18g of liquid sodium silicate, and place them in a reaction vessel in sequence. Stir for 10 minutes at room temperature (25℃) and 120rpm / min to obtain the basic mixture. Add 2g of sodium bicarbonate and 0.8g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate to the above basic mixture, and continue stirring at 120rpm / min for 5min until completely dissolved to obtain mixture one; Slowly add 6g of polyacrylamide and 2.5g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to mixture one, and stir at 180rpm / min for 20min until completely dissolved to obtain mixture two; Add 12g of acrylate, 12g of butyl methacrylate and 1.2g of propylene glycol butyl ether to the above mixture 2 in sequence, and continue stirring at 180rpm / min for 60min to obtain the active mixture; Add 0.5g of preservative to the above active mixture and stir for 30min at 180rpm / min to obtain a composite dust suppressant and crusting agent.

[0038] The obtained composite crusting agent solution is evenly sprayed onto the surface of sand, gravel, or dusty areas that require crusting treatment, such as... Figure 2 As shown, a film with a certain gloss visible to the naked eye is formed on the surface, forming a slightly smooth thin shell on the surface of sand and gravel dust.

[0039] Example 3 Weigh 39g of acrylic emulsion, 20g of polyvinyl alcohol and 12g of liquid sodium silicate, and place them in a reaction vessel in sequence. Stir for 10min at room temperature (25℃) and 120rpm / min to obtain the basic mixture. Add 3g sodium bicarbonate and 1g sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate to the above basic mixture, and continue stirring at 120rpm / min for 5min until completely dissolved to obtain mixture one; Slowly add 6g of polyacrylamide and 1.5g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to mixture one, and stir at 180rpm / min for 20min until completely dissolved to obtain mixture two; Add 8g of acrylate, 8g of butyl methacrylate and 1g of propylene glycol butyl ether to the above mixture 2 in sequence, and continue stirring at 180rpm / min for 60min to obtain the active mixture. Add 0.5g of preservative to the above active mixture and stir for 30min at 180rpm / min to obtain a composite dust suppressant and crusting agent.

[0040] The obtained composite crusting agent solution is evenly sprayed onto the surface of sand, gravel, or dusty areas that require crusting treatment, such as... Figure 3 As shown, a film with a certain gloss visible to the naked eye is formed on the surface, forming a slightly smooth thin shell on the surface of sand and gravel dust.

[0041] Comparative Example 1 Weigh 33g of acrylic emulsion, 18g of polyvinyl alcohol and 15g of liquid sodium silicate, and place them in a reaction vessel in sequence. Stir for 10 minutes at room temperature (25℃) and 120rpm / min to obtain the basic mixture. Slowly add 7.5g of polyacrylamide and 1.9g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the above basic mixture, and stir at 180rpm / min for 20min until completely dissolved to obtain mixture one; Add 10g of acrylate, 10g of butyl methacrylate and 0.9g of propylene glycol butyl ether to the above mixture one in sequence, and continue stirring at 180rpm / min for 60min to obtain the active mixture; Add 0.3g of preservative to the above active mixture and stir for 30min at 180rpm / min to obtain a composite dust suppressant and crusting agent.

[0042] The resulting composite crusting agent solution was not mixed evenly, forming a sticky substance that could not be sprayed.

[0043] Although the above embodiments have provided a detailed description of the present invention, they are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. People can obtain other embodiments based on these embodiments without creative effort, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite dust suppressing crust agent, characterized by, The composite dust suppression and crust inhibitor comprises, by mass fraction, the following components: acrylic emulsion 30-40 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 15-25 parts, sodium silicate 12-18 parts, active agent 16-26 parts, thickening agent 5-10 parts, water-retaining agent 1.5-2.5 parts, dispersant 0.8-1.2 parts, pH regulator 2-3 parts, and preservative 0.1-0.5 parts.

2. The composite dust suppressing crust agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active agent comprises acrylic ester, butyl methacrylate, and propylene glycol butyl ether. The mass ratio of the acrylic ester, butyl methacrylate, and propylene glycol butyl ether is 8-12:8-12:0.8-1.

2.

3. The composite dust suppressing crusture agent according to claim 1, wherein The dispersant comprises sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and / or sodium dodecyl sulfate.

4. The composite dust suppressing crusture agent according to claim 1, wherein The thickening agent comprises polyacrylamide and / or polyvinyl alcohol.

5. The composite dust suppressing crusture agent according to claim 1, wherein The water-retaining agent comprises sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

6. The composite dust suppressing crusture agent according to claim 1, wherein The pH regulator comprises sodium bicarbonate and / or sodium carbonate.

7. The composite dust suppressing crusture agent according to claim 1, wherein The preservative comprises hydroxybenzoic acid ester preservative and / or nipagin preservative.

8. The method for preparing the composite dust suppression crust agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: mixing the acrylic emulsion, polyvinyl alcohol, and sodium silicate, pH regulator, dispersant, thickening agent, water-retaining agent, active agent, and preservative to obtain the composite dust suppression and crust inhibitor.

9. The production method according to claim 8, characterized by, The mixing is performed at a temperature of 20-40℃ for 1-3 hours under stirring at a stirring rate of 100-200 rpm.

10. Use of the composite dust suppression and crust inhibitor of any one of claims 1-7 or prepared by the method of claim 8 or 9 in the field of road repair or dust suppression.

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