A folding guide rail type top drive drilling device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of drilling equipment technology, specifically a folding guide rail type top drive drilling device, including a top drive drilling rig. One side of the top drive drilling rig has an extension rail assembly, which consists of two rails with their functional surfaces in contact. A rotating link is located on the inner side of the extension rail assembly, and link disassembly sections are located on both sides of the extension rail assembly. A bottom rail and a top rail are respectively located on one side of each link disassembly section. A fixing seat is fixed to the side of the bottom rail and the top rail away from the link disassembly section. In the rotating link, when the extension rail assembly unfolds under gravity, an elastic element engages with a chuck to ensure that the connecting plate and the extension rail assembly can only rotate in one direction, thus ensuring that the functional surfaces of the extended rail assembly are coplanar after unfolding and restricting its rotation, thereby fixing it. In the link disassembly section, when the extension rail assembly or the bottom rail unfolds under gravity, a disassembly plate engages with a rotating plate to ensure that the functional surfaces of the unfolded extension rail assembly and the bottom rail are coplanar with the top rail everywhere, simultaneously restricting its rotation and completing the fixing of the top rail, the extension rail assembly, and the bottom rail.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling equipment technology, specifically a folding guide rail type top drive drilling device. Background Technology

[0002] The structure of the folding guide rail top drive drilling rig mainly consists of a foldable dual guide rail system, a height adjustment mechanism, and the main top drive components. Its core includes a first guide rail and a second guide rail, which are connected by a hinged design with pins to achieve rotational folding. The surfaces are fixed with a first connecting block and a second connecting block, and equipped with components such as a fixing plate, an L-shaped plate, springs, and a guide plate to ensure stability after unfolding. The adjustment mechanism (such as a threaded rod, an internal threaded tube, and a support plate) adjusts the horizontal height of the guide rail through rotation to avoid affecting the conveying due to tilting. The overall structure is embedded in the key framework of the top drive device, including a power swivel, a drilling motor, a planetary gear reducer, a guide trolley assembly, and a drill pipe uncoupling device, forming an integrated system of mechanical and hydraulic collaborative operation.

[0003] The significant advantages of top drive drilling rigs lie in space management and operational efficiency optimization. The folding design allows the guide rails to be retracted when not in operation, reducing the space occupied by the derrick and lowering the risk of loss during disassembly. Simultaneously, the quick-locking of the fixing blocks and slots enables convenient manual deployment or storage without the need for large equipment. When deployed, the guide rails provide a stable sliding path for the top drive body, ensuring precise vertical drilling by the motor assembly. Combined with the hydraulic balancing system, it enables operations such as drill string rotation, drilling fluid circulation, stand connection, and reaming. Its adjustment function further ensures drill string alignment under complex well conditions, effectively preventing stuck drill and adapting to the sliding directional control requirements of directional drilling. Ultimately, this modular integration enhances the overall performance of top drives in deep, ultra-deep, and challenging directional wells, strengthening equipment management convenience while maintaining the core advantages of top drive technology replacing rotary drilling—reduced drill string connection and unloading time, enhanced well control capabilities, and lower accident rates.

[0004] Existing foldable guide rails have significant drawbacks in installation and disassembly, primarily due to safety risks associated with working at heights and the extended work time caused by bolts being inserted into pins. Specifically, the folding structure of the guide rail often requires assembly at heights on derricks or large equipment. For example, installing a top drive guide rail requires aligning pin holes and inserting pins at heights. Such operations are space-constrained and carry a high risk of fall, with workers forced to stand on narrow base frame square tubes, resulting in lengthy processing times. Furthermore, traditional bolt or pin connections are inefficient; inserting pins requires multiple people to lift components weighing hundreds of kilograms to a horizontal position, which is not only... The process is physically demanding and the environmental resistance further slows down the progress. In addition, the bolt tightening process is cumbersome, with each column requiring independent bolts to be fixed to the base frame. The adjustable pins also require a double locking mechanism using threaded pins, nuts, and springs. These redundant operations significantly increase labor and time costs. The stability of the folding structure depends on multi-stage bolt locking, such as the need for pins to fix the hinges. Disassembly also requires gradual disconnection, further restricting construction flexibility. In summary, the dangers of working at heights and the complexity of bolting through pins together result in low efficiency in the installation and disassembly of foldable guide rails.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a folding guide rail type top drive drilling device that enables the installation and disassembly of various parts of the guide rail on the ground and has high operational safety. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the issues of existing technologies where foldable guide rail installation and disassembly require high-altitude operations and the use of bolts for pin insertion causes extended working hours, a foldable guide rail top-drive drilling device has been designed.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: a folding guide rail type top drive drilling device, including a top drive drilling rig, an extension rail assembly is provided on one side of the top drive drilling rig, the extension rail assembly consists of two rails with functional surfaces fitting together, a rotating link is provided on the inner side of the extension rail assembly, and a link disassembly part is provided on both sides of the extension rail assembly, a bottom rail and a top rail are respectively provided on the side of the two link disassembly parts away from the extension rail assembly, and a fixing seat is fixed on the side of the bottom rail and the top rail away from the link disassembly part; the rotating link part includes a rotating shaft provided inside the end of the extension rail assembly near the fixing seat, a triangular prism is provided on the inner side of each rotating shaft, a set of chucks is rotatably connected to the outer side of both rotating shafts, and a connecting... Each set of claws has an elastic element fixed on one side. When the extension rail is unfolded by gravity, the elastic element cooperates with the claws to make the connecting plate and the extension rail rotate only in one direction. This ensures that the functional surfaces of the extended rail are coplanar after unfolding, while restricting its rotation and thus fixing it. The connecting disassembly part includes a rotating plate set on one side of the extension rail. A central shaft is set on the inner side of the rotating plate. A cross plate is slidably connected to the inner side of the central shaft. A fixed plate is fixed in the middle of the central shaft. A disassembly plate is rotatably connected to the outer side of the central shaft. An elastic element is fixed at the bottom of the disassembly plate. When the extension rail or the bottom rail is unfolded by gravity, the disassembly plate cooperates with the rotating plate to make the functional surfaces of the unfolded extension rail and the bottom rail coplanar with the top rail everywhere, while restricting its rotation and completing the fixing of the top rail, the extension rail, and the bottom rail.

[0008] Furthermore, both sets of chucks and both sets of disassembly plates are symmetrically arranged about the extension rail.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner side of the two tracks, the other end of the elastic element is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, the movable end of the pawl contacts the inner wall of the connecting plate, and each elastic element is in a compressed state.

[0010] Furthermore, both triangular prisms are slidably engaged with the inner sides of the two rotating shafts, one end of each triangular prism is slidably engaged with the inner side of the track, and the other end of each triangular prism is rotatably connected with a threaded bolt. The two threaded bolts are respectively threadedly connected to the inner sides of the two guide rails.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotating plate is detachably connected to the side of the two tracks away from the connecting disassembly part and the two tracks are far apart from each other. Each rotating plate has a slot on its inner side, and the movable end of the disassembly plate contacts the slot. Each central shaft has an outer groove on its outer side, and the disassembly plate is rotatably connected to the inner side of the outer groove. The other end of the elastic element two is fixed to the inner side of the outer groove, and each elastic element two is in a compressed state.

[0012] Furthermore, the cross plate is slidably engaged with the inner side of the rotating plate, and a connecting post is fixed at one end of the cross plate. A hexagonal bolt is rotatably connected to the outer side of the connecting post, and the hexagonal bolt is threaded to the inner side of the central shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, locking elements are provided on the inner sides of both the extension rail and the top rail, and reinforcing ribs are provided on the inner sides of the locking elements.

[0014] Furthermore, a groove is provided through the other end of the top rail, and a groove is provided through one end of each of the two guide rails. An elastic element three is fixed inside each groove, and an I-beam is fixed to the other end of each elastic element three. A hemisphere is fixed to the side of the I-beam opposite to the side connecting the elastic element three. Two locking plates are slidably engaged inside the I-beam, and a reinforcing rib is slidably engaged to the other end of the locking plate.

[0015] Furthermore, a set of sliding grooves is fixed on both sides of the bottom rail, the extension rail, and the top rail. Two sliding grooves form a set, and a reinforcing rib is slidably connected to the inside of the sliding groove. A tie rod is fixed on one side of the reinforcing rib inside the same set of sliding grooves. No reinforcing ribs are provided inside the sliding groove sets on both sides of the bottom rail.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0017] (1) The folding guide rail type top drive drilling device of the present invention adopts a rotating link and a link disassembly part. During installation, the hydraulic support pushes the top rail to move, and the linkage extension rail and rotating link move in coordination. Through the combination of elastic elements one and two with the claw and disassembly plate, the structure is automatically locked when the guide rail is coplanar. No manual intervention is required throughout the process. The disassembly process relies on the modular unlocking mechanism. The wrench rotates the hexagonal bolt to move the cross plate out of the central axis, and the rotating threaded bolt drives the triangular column to disengage from the rotating shaft. After the unidirectional rotation restriction is released, the hydraulic support can be controlled to descend and cooperate with the trolley to support it, so as to realize the smooth reset of the guide rail. Compared with the high-altitude bolt-driven pin shaft operation, it not only shortens the working time and reduces the manpower requirement, but also realizes the ground-based safe operation and gravity-triggered automatic locking.

[0018] (2) The folding guide rail type top drive drilling device of the present invention uses a chuck, a decomposition plate and a rotating shaft and a central shaft to effectively disperse the impact load during drilling operations. Its core innovation is that when the top drive drilling rig applies an impact force, the decomposition plate and chuck structure on the outside of the central shaft and the rotating shaft decompose the impact force into tangential tensile force and compressive load, which are transmitted to the rotating plate, the fixed plate and the connecting plate through the cross plate and the triangular prism respectively, and finally transmitted back to the main body of the track. This multi-level transmission mechanism avoids the direct force on the central shaft, the rotating shaft and the key bearings. Combined with the reinforcing ribs with multi-step design in the chute, the peak impact force is reduced and the wear of the components is greatly reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the extended rail assembly of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the link decomposition section of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the rotating link portion of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point C;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the extended rail assembly of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged view of point D;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the extended rail assembly of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged view of point E;

[0032] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the link decomposition section of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixing plate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating plate of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cross plate of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 17 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating link portion of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 18 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the reinforcing rib of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 19 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the locking component of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 20 This is an assembly diagram of the top drive drilling rig, bottom rail, extension rail assembly, and top rail of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram showing the unfolded bottom rail, extension rail assembly, and top rail of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0041] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram showing the unfolded bottom rail, extension rail assembly, and top rail of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0042] Figure 23 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the locking component of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 24 for Figure 23 Enlarged view at point F;

[0044] Figure 25 for Figure 11 Enlarged view of point G;

[0045] Figure 26 for Figure 11 Enlarged view of point H.

[0046] In the diagram: 1. Top drive drilling rig; 2. Bottom rail; 3. Extension rail assembly; 4. Top rail; 5. Rotating connection part; 51. Rotating shaft; 52. Claw; 53. Connecting plate; 54. Elastic component one; 55. Triangular prism; 56. Threaded bolt; 6. Connecting disassembly part; 61. Rotating plate; 611. Slot; 62. Fixed plate; 63. Central shaft; 631. Outer groove; 64. Disassembly plate; 65. Elastic component two; 66. Cross plate; 67. Connecting column; 68. Hexagonal bolt; 7. Fixed seat; 8. Locking component; 81. Groove; 82. Hemisphere; 83. I-beam; 84. Locking plate; 85. Slide groove; 86. Elastic component three; 9. Reinforcing rib; 91. Tie rod. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the technical means, technical features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0048] Example: Figures 1-24As shown, the folding guide rail type top drive drilling device of the present invention includes a top drive drilling rig 1. An extension rail 3 is provided on one side of the top drive drilling rig 1. The extension rail 3 is composed of two rails with their functional surfaces in contact. A rotating link 5 is provided on the inner side of the extension rail 3. Link disassembly parts 6 are provided on both sides of the extension rail 3. A bottom rail 2 and a top rail 4 are provided on the side of the two link disassembly parts 6 away from the extension rail 3, respectively. A fixing seat 7 is fixed on the side of the bottom rail 2 and the top rail 4 away from the link disassembly parts 6.

[0049] In this embodiment, before using the device, the operator must place the device horizontally on the ground with the side closest to the bottom rail 2. Then, a crane is used to move the fixed seat 7, which is fixedly connected to the top rail 4, away from the ground. During this process, the top rail 4 rotates around the connecting disassembly part 6, so that the fixed seat 7 fixedly connected to the top rail 4 is precisely aligned with the output end of the hydraulic support. Afterward, the operator uses bolts and nuts to firmly fix the output end of the hydraulic support to the fixed seat 7 at the top of the top rail 4, ensuring structural stability.

[0050] Specifically, the rotating link 5 includes a rotating shaft 51 disposed inside the end of the extension rail 3 near the fixed base 7. Each rotating shaft 51 has a triangular prism 55 disposed inside. A set of claws 52 is rotatably connected to the outer side of each of the two rotating shafts 51. A connecting plate 53 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the rotating shaft 51. An elastic element 54 is fixed on one side of each set of claws 52. The elastic element 54 can be configured as a spring or other device that can provide elastic force. When the extension rail 3 is unfolded by gravity, the elastic element 54 cooperates with the claws 52 to make the connecting plate 53 and the extension rail 3 rotate only in one direction. This makes the functional surfaces of the extension rail 3 coplanar after unfolding, while restricting its rotation and thus fixing it.

[0051] In this embodiment, the operator controls the hydraulic support to extend slowly. The hydraulic support, through the fixed seat 7, drives the top rail 4 to gradually move away from the ground. The movement of the top rail 4 further drives the extension rail assembly 3, the rotating link 5, and the link disassembly part 6 to move in the same direction as a whole. During this process, the extension rail assembly 3 rotates around the central axis 63 as the center of rotation, while the two guide rails begin to rotate relative to each other and gradually separate.

[0052] Specifically, the link disassembly unit 6 includes a rotating plate 61 disposed on one side of the extension rail 3. A central shaft 63 is disposed on the inner side of the rotating plate 61. A cross plate 66 is slidably connected to the inner side of the central shaft 63. A fixed plate 62 is fixed in the middle of the central shaft 63. A disassembly plate 64 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the central shaft 63. An elastic element 65 is fixed at the bottom of the disassembly plate 64. The elastic element 65 can be a spring or other device that can provide elastic force. When the extension rail 3 or the bottom rail 2 is unfolded by gravity, the disassembly plate 64 cooperates with the rotating plate to make the functional surfaces of the unfolded extension rail 3 and the bottom rail 2 coplanar with the top rail 4 everywhere, and simultaneously restrict their rotation to complete the fixation of the top rail 4, the extension rail 3 and the bottom rail 2. The two sets of claws 52 and the two sets of disassembly plates 64 are symmetrically arranged about the extension rail 3.

[0053] In this embodiment, when the long rail assembly rotates around the central axis 63, the rail closer to the top rail 4 rotates around the central axis 63 via the rotating plate 61. The rotating plate 61 presses the disintegration plate 64 through its slot 611 structure. The disintegration plate 64 then presses the elastic element 65, causing it to move into the inner side of the outer groove 631. At the same time, as the two guide rails rotate relative to each other and gradually separate, the rail closer to the top rail 4 moves the rotating shaft 51 and connecting plate 53 away from the ground via the triangular prism 55. The connecting plate 53 then drives the other guide rail to rotate via another rotating shaft 51 and triangular prism 55. The connecting plate 53 presses the claw 52, ​​which in turn presses the elastic element 65 and separates from the connecting plate 53. Therefore, both guide rails rotate relative to each other and separate from the connecting plate 53. During this process, the other guide rail rotates around the central axis 63 closer to the bottom rail 2 via another set of rotating plates 61, ensuring coordinated movement.

[0054] As the top rail 4 continues to drive the extension rail 3, the rotating link 5, and the link disassembly part 6 to move, another guide rail, through the cooperation of its connected rotating plate 61 and central shaft 63, drives the part connected to the bottom rail 2, causing the bottom rail 2 to begin to move. At this time, the section of the bottom rail 2 connected to the extension rail 3 gradually moves away from the ground. Throughout the process, the other guide rail and the bottom rail 2 rotate relative to each other around the central shaft 63, further adjusting their positional relationship.

[0055] Specifically, the rotating shaft 51 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the two tracks, the other end of the elastic element 54 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 51, the movable end of the pawl 52 contacts the inner wall of the connecting plate 53, each elastic element 54 is in a compressed state, the rotating plate 61 is detachably connected to the side of the two tracks away from the connecting disassembly part 6 and the two tracks are far apart from each other, each rotating plate 61 has a slot 611 on its inner side, the movable end of the disassembly plate 64 contacts the slot 611, each central shaft 63 has an outer groove 631 on its outer side, the disassembly plate 64 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the outer groove 631, the other end of the elastic element 65 is fixed to the inner side of the outer groove 631, each elastic element 65 is in a compressed state.

[0056] In this embodiment, the operator can choose to extend the movement path of the top drive drilling rig 1 by setting multiple sets of extension rails 3, rotating link parts 5, and link disassembly parts 6 between the bottom rail 2 and the top rail 4 according to the actual production situation. As the hydraulic support output end and the top fixed seat 7 of the top rail 4 continue to rise, when the fixed seat 7 at the bottom of the bottom rail 2 is completely suspended, the bottom end of the top rail 4 is tightly fitted with one end of one of the guide rails, and at the same time, one end face between the two guide rails is also completely fitted, while one end of the other guide rail is fitted with the top end of the bottom rail 2. At this time, the functional surfaces of the top rail 4, the bottom rail 2, and the two guide rails are coplanar. Since the combination of elastic element 1 54 and the claw 52 effectively restricts the reversal of the connecting plate 53 and the guide rail, and the combination of elastic element 2 65 and the disassembly plate 64 also restricts the reversal of the rotating plate 61 and the fixed plate 62, the automatic fixing of the structure is completed while achieving coplanarity.

[0057] When disassembly is required, the operator must first separate the fixed base 7 near the ground from the ground, then raise the hydraulic strut to move the fixed base 7 away from the ground, and place a trolley under it to support it. The operator uses a wrench to turn the hexagonal bolt 68 near the ground to move the cross plate 66 out from the inside of the central shaft 63, thereby releasing the restriction on the unidirectional rotation of the rotating plate 61 and the top plate. After that, control the hydraulic strut to descend, while simultaneously pulling the bottom rail 2 to be placed flat on the top of the trolley. Then, use a wrench to turn the two threaded bolts 56 to move the triangular column 55 out from the inside of the rotating shaft 51, releasing the restriction on the unidirectional rotation of the connecting plate 53 and the guide rail. Control the hydraulic strut to continue descending, while simultaneously pulling the two guide rails back to their original positions and placing them flat on top of the bottom rail 2. Using the same steps, place the top rail 4 on top of the rail. During this process, when the top rail 4, bottom rail 2, and two guide rails return to their original positions, stop the hydraulic strut operation, allowing the triangular column 55 or the cross plate 66 to return to their original positions, and re-restrict the top rail 4, bottom rail 2, and two guide rails.

[0058] Finally, the workers controlled the hydraulic support to slowly lower, precisely aligning the fixing seat 7 at the bottom of the base rail 2 with the designated installation position. Then, bolts and nuts were used to securely fix the fixing seat 7 at the bottom of the base rail 2 to the ground or the corresponding fixing device. This completed the installation and fixing of the entire device. Figures 20-24 As shown, the device described in this application can be automatically locked by relying on the rotation link 5, the link disassembly part 6 and gravity after being hoisted and unfolded. The installation and disassembly operations can be completed safely and efficiently on the ground, which significantly improves the convenience and reliability of operation.

[0059] Specifically, both triangular prisms are slidably engaged with the inner sides of the two rotating shafts 51, one end of each of the two triangular prisms 55 is slidably engaged with the inner side of the track, and the other end of each of the two triangular prisms 55 is rotatably connected with a threaded bolt 56. The two threaded bolts 56 are respectively threadedly connected to the inner sides of the two guide rails. The cross plate 66 is slidably engaged with the inner side of the rotating plate 61, and one end of the cross plate 66 is fixed with a connecting post 67. The outer side of the connecting post 67 is rotatably connected with a hexagonal bolt 68, which is threadedly connected to the inner side of the central shaft 63.

[0060] In this embodiment, during drilling, when the contact points of the top rail 4, bottom rail 2, and the two guide rails are subjected to a strong impact force from the top drive drilling rig 1, the impact force is effectively decomposed due to the decomposition plate 64 and chuck 52 structure provided on the outer side of the central shaft 63 and the rotating shaft 51. The force is then transmitted along the tangential direction of the central shaft 63 and the rotating shaft 51 to the cross plate 66 and the triangular prism 55 components, respectively. The central shaft 63 and the rotating shaft 51 bear the tangential tensile force, while the triangular prism 55 and the cross plate 66 bear the compressive load, forming a tension-compression coupling structure. Subsequently... The impact force is further transmitted through the synergistic action of the rotating plate, fixed plate 62, and connecting plate 53, and is ultimately dispersed and transmitted back to the top rail 4, bottom rail 2, and the two guide rail structures themselves. Furthermore, the intervention of the reinforcing rib 9 further reduces the impact on the top rail 4, bottom rail 2, and the two guide rail structures themselves, as well as the impact force they experience, due to the multi-step design of the reinforcing rib 9 and the inner side of the slide groove 85. This force transmission mechanism effectively avoids the central shaft 63 and rotating shaft 51 directly bearing the impact, thereby significantly improving the durability and operational stability of the equipment.

[0061] Specifically, locking elements 8 are provided on the inner sides of the extension rail 3 and the top rail 4, and reinforcing ribs 9 are provided on the inner sides of the locking elements 8. A groove 81 is provided through the other end of the top rail 4. A groove 81 is provided through the one end of each of the two guide rails. An elastic element 86 is fixed inside each groove 81. The elastic element 86 can be a spring or other device that can provide elastic force. An I-beam plate 83 is fixed to the other end of each elastic element 86. A hemisphere 82 is fixed to the side of the I-beam plate 83 opposite to the side connected to the elastic element 86. Two locking plates 84 are slidably engaged inside the I-beam plate 83. The reinforcing rib 9 is slidably engaged to the other end of the locking plate 84. A set of sliding grooves 85 is fixed on both sides of the bottom rail 2, the extension rail 3, and the top rail 4. Two sliding grooves 85 form a set. The reinforcing rib 9 is slidably connected to the inner side of the sliding groove 85. A pull rod 91 is fixed to one side of the reinforcing rib 9 inside the same set of sliding grooves 85. No reinforcing rib 9 is provided inside the set of sliding grooves 85 on both sides of the bottom rail 2.

[0062] In this embodiment, when the hemispherical structure 82 is subjected to external compression, the hemispherical structure 82 begins to drive the I-beam plate 83 to move directionally along the inner side of the preset groove 81. During this process, the I-beam plate 83 not only applies compressive force to the elastic element 86, but also pushes the locking plate 84 to generate displacement through its inner cylindrical structure. As the two locking plates 84 gradually move towards each other, when the functional surfaces of the top rail 4, bottom rail 2, and the two guide rails finally reach a coplanar state, the locking plate 84 completely detaches from the inner side of the reinforcing rib 9, thereby releasing the constraint on the reinforcing rib 9. At this time, the reinforcing rib 9 begins to move downward along the inner side of the slide groove 85 under its own gravity. Since the reinforcing rib 9 is designed to be two-thirds the length of the total length of the slide 85, and a partition is fixedly installed at the lower two-thirds position of the slide 85, when the reinforcing rib 9, which was originally located in the upper slide 85, moves down to the lower slide 85 and contacts the partition, its middle part is precisely embedded in the back of the contact point of the top rail 4, the bottom rail 2 and the two guide rails, forming a stable positional relationship.

[0063] After disassembly, the staff pulls the lever 91 to restore the reinforcing rib 9 to its original position. Under the action of the elastic element 86, the I-beam 83 drives the hemisphere 82 to return to its original position, while the locking plate 84 is inserted into the inside of the reinforcing rib 9 to limit the reinforcing rib 9.

[0064] Working principle: Initial state as follows Figures 1-19As shown, before using this device, the operator places the device horizontally on the ground near the bottom rail 2 and uses a crane to move the fixed seat 7 connected to the top rail 4 upwards. During the process, the top rail 4 rotates around the connecting disassembly part 6 as the axis, aligning the fixed seat 7 with the output end of the hydraulic support, and then fixing it with bolts and nuts. Then, the operator controls the hydraulic support to slowly extend, driving the top rail 4 upwards through the fixed seat 7. When the long rail rotates around the central axis 63, the rail near the top rail 4 presses the disassembly plate 64 through the rotating plate 61, causing the elastic element 65 to move into the inner side of the outer groove 631; the rail near the top rail 4 drives the rotating shaft 51 and the connecting plate 53 to move upwards, and the connecting plate 53 drives another guide rail to rotate. The rotation and squeezing of the claw 52 separates it from the connecting plate 53. The two guide rails rotate relative to the connecting plate 53 and separate. The other guide rail rotates around the central axis 63 near the bottom rail 2 via the rotating plate 61. The top rail 4 continuously drives the related components to move. The other guide rail drives the bottom rail 2 to move. One end of the bottom rail 2 connected to the extension rail 3 is away from the ground. The other guide rail and the bottom rail 2 rotate relative to each other around the central axis 63 to adjust the position. As the hydraulic support and the fixed seat 7 rise, when the bottom fixed seat 7 of the bottom rail 2 is suspended in the air, coplanarity is achieved and the structure is automatically fixed.

[0065] Finally, the staff controlled the hydraulic support to lower, so that the bottom fixing seat 7 of the bottom rail 2 was aligned with the installation position, and fixed with bolts and nuts to complete the installation and fixation of the device.

[0066] When the hemispherical structure 82 is subjected to external pressure, it causes the I-beam plate 83 to move directionally along the groove 81. The I-beam plate 83 presses against the elastic element 86, which in turn pushes the locking plate 84 to move through the cylindrical structure. As the two locking plates 84 move closer together, and the functional surfaces of the top rail 4, bottom rail 2, and two guide rails become coplanar, the locking plates 84 disengage from the reinforcing rib 9, releasing the constraint. The reinforcing rib 9 then moves downward along the slide groove 85 under the influence of gravity. Since the length of the reinforcing rib 9 is two-thirds of the total length of the slide groove 85, and there is a partition at the lower two-thirds of the slide groove 85, when the reinforcing rib 9 moves downward and contacts the partition, its middle part is embedded in the back of the contact area between the top rail 4, bottom rail 2, and two guide rails.

[0067] Workers installed the top drive drilling rig 1 on the guide rail structure and started the drilling operation.

[0068] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A folding guide rail type top drive drilling device, comprising a top drive drilling rig, characterized in that: The top drive drilling rig is provided with an extension rail on one side. The extension rail consists of two rails with their functional surfaces in contact. A rotating link is provided on the inner side of the extension rail. Link disassembly parts are provided on both sides of the extension rail. A bottom rail and a top rail are provided on the side of the two link disassembly parts away from the extension rail, respectively. A fixing seat is fixed on the side of the bottom rail and the top rail away from the link disassembly parts. The rotating link includes a rotating shaft located inside the extension rail near the fixed base. Each rotating shaft has a triangular prism on its inner side. A set of claws is rotatably connected to the outer sides of both rotating shafts. A connecting plate is rotatably connected to the outer side of the rotating shafts. An elastic element is fixed to one side of each set of claws. When the extension rail is unfolded by gravity, the elastic element cooperates with the claws to make the connecting plate and the extension rail rotate only in one direction. This makes the functional surfaces of the extension rail coplanar after it is unfolded, while restricting its rotation and thus fixing it. The disassembly unit includes a rotating plate disposed on one side of the extension rail assembly. A central shaft is disposed on the inner side of the rotating plate. A cross plate is slidably connected to the inner side of the central shaft. A fixed plate is fixed in the middle of the central shaft. A disassembly plate is rotatably connected to the outer side of the central shaft. An elastic element is fixed at the bottom of the disassembly plate. When the extension rail assembly or the bottom rail is unfolded by gravity, the disassembly plate, in conjunction with the rotating plate, makes the functional surfaces of the unfolded extension rail assembly and the bottom rail coplanar with the top rail everywhere, while restricting their rotation to complete the fixing of the top rail, the extension rail assembly, and the bottom rail.

2. The folding guide rail type top drive drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sets of jaws and both sets of disassembly plates are symmetrically arranged about the extension rail.

3. The folding guide rail type top drive drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner side of the two tracks, the other end of the elastic element is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, the movable end of the pawl is in contact with the inner wall of the connecting plate, and each elastic element is in a compressed state.

4. The folding guide rail type top drive drilling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both triangular prisms are slidably engaged with the inner sides of the two rotating shafts, one end of each triangular prism is slidably engaged with the inner side of the track, and the other end of each triangular prism is rotatably connected with a threaded bolt. The two threaded bolts are respectively threadedly connected to the inner sides of the two guide rails.

5. The folding guide rail type top drive drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating plate is detachably connected to the side of the two tracks away from the connecting disassembly part and the two tracks are far apart from each other. Each rotating plate has a slot on its inner side, and the movable end of the disassembly plate contacts the slot. Each central shaft has an outer groove on its outer side, and the disassembly plate is rotatably connected to the inner side of the outer groove. The other end of the elastic element two is fixed to the inner side of the outer groove, and each elastic element two is in a compressed state.

6. The folding guide rail type top drive drilling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross plate is slidably engaged with the inner side of the rotating plate. One end of the cross plate is fixed with a connecting post. A hexagonal bolt is rotatably connected to the outer side of the connecting post. The hexagonal bolt is threaded to the inner side of the central shaft.

7. The folding guide rail type top drive drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner sides of both the extension rail and the top rail are equipped with locking components, and the inner sides of the locking components are equipped with reinforcing ribs.

8. The folding guide rail type top drive drilling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top rail has a groove through it at the other end, and the two guide rails each have a groove through them at one end. An elastic element three is fixed inside each groove, and an I-beam is fixed at the other end of each elastic element three. A hemisphere is fixed on the side of the I-beam opposite to the side connecting the elastic element three. Two locking plates are slidably engaged on the inner side of the I-beam, and a reinforcing rib is slidably engaged on the other end of the locking plate.

9. The folding guide rail type top drive drilling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom rail, the extension rail, and the top rail are each fixed with a set of sliding grooves on both sides. Two sliding grooves form a set, and a reinforcing rib is slidably connected to the inside of the sliding groove. A tie rod is fixed on one side of the reinforcing rib inside the same set of sliding grooves. No reinforcing ribs are provided inside the sliding groove sets on both sides of the bottom rail.

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