Hull broadside anti-collision composite sandwich plate and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a ship body broadside anti-collision composite sandwich plate and a preparation method thereof. The ship body broadside anti-collision composite sandwich plate comprises an upper panel, a lower panel and a middle core layer, the middle core layer is arranged between the upper panel and the lower panel; the middle core layer is composed of a trapezoid aluminum alloy lattice frame and filled closed-cell foamed aluminum. The steel grillage is used for replacing a traditional ship side steel grillage, and the anti-collision performance is remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of ship structure design and composite material technology, in particular to a composite sandwich panel composed of a metal panel, a trapezoidal core layer and filled aluminum foam, which is used to replace the traditional hull side steel plate frame, significantly improving the anti-collision performance, and especially relates to a hull side anti-collision composite sandwich panel and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Defects of prior art:

[0003] 1. Traditional steel plate frame:

[0004] ①Plastic deformation is mainly used in collision, and the energy absorption rate is less than 40%, and permanent structural damage is easy to occur;

[0005] ②The unit area mass is as high as 45-50 kg / m 2 , increasing the invalid load of the ship.

[0006] 2. Conventional sandwich panel:

[0007] ①The honeycomb / corrugated core layer structure is significantly anisotropic, and the out-of-plane compression strength is insufficient (<20 MPa);

[0008] ②The interface between the core layer and the panel is easy to peel off (shear strength <10 MPa), and the integrity is poor after collision.

[0009] A new type of side structure with high energy absorption efficiency, multi-directional bearing capacity and light weight needs to be developed to solve the contradiction between progressive crushing under collision load and structural integrity. SUMMARY

[0010] The embodiment of the present application provides a hull side anti-collision composite sandwich panel and a preparation method thereof to solve the above problems.

[0011] The embodiment of the present application provides a hull side anti-collision composite sandwich panel, which comprises:

[0012] an upper panel, a lower panel and an intermediate core layer;

[0013] The intermediate core layer is arranged between the upper panel and the lower panel;

[0014] The intermediate core layer is composed of a trapezoidal aluminum alloy lattice frame and filled closed-cell aluminum foam.

[0015] In some embodiments, the trapezoidal aluminum alloy lattice frame comprises a top edge, a first side wall, a bottom edge and a second side wall arranged periodically in turn;

[0016] The top edge is used for connecting the upper panel, and the bottom edge is used for connecting the lower panel;

[0017] The top edge, the first sidewall, the second sidewall and the lower panel cooperate to form a lower lattice structure with an isosceles triangular radial cross section;

[0018] The bottom edge, the first sidewall, the second sidewall and the upper panel cooperate to form an upper lattice structure with an isosceles triangular radial cross section;

[0019] The upper lattice structure is filled with the closed-cell aluminum foam.

[0020] In some embodiments, the intermediate core layer and the upper panel are connected by laser welding;

[0021] The intermediate core layer and the lower panel are connected by vacuum infusion.

[0022] In some embodiments, the closed-cell aluminum foam and the upper lattice structure are filled with a silicon-aluminum-based adhesive, which is heat-pressed and cured to form a transition layer.

[0023] In some embodiments, the closed-cell aluminum foam has a porosity of 70%-80% and a pore size gradient distribution of 0.8-1.2mm near the top of the upper panel side and 2.5-3.5mm near the lower panel side.

[0024] In some embodiments, the length ratio of the top edge to the bottom edge is 1:1.4-1:1.8.

[0025] In some embodiments, the distance between the upper panel and the lower panel is 20-50mm;

[0026] The radial cross-sectional length of the top edge corresponding to the lower lattice structure is 30-40mm;

[0027] The radial cross-sectional length of the bottom edge corresponding to the upper lattice structure is 50-70mm;

[0028] The inclination angle between the first sidewall, the second sidewall and the lower panel is 60°±5°.

[0029] In some embodiments, a hemispherical protrusion with a diameter of 3-5mm is provided at the intersection of the top edge, the first sidewall, the bottom edge and the second sidewall.

[0030] In some embodiments, the upper panel is a 1.0-1.5mm thick high-strength aluminum alloy with a surface micro-nano textured treatment, and the roughness Ra is 1.2-2.5μm;

[0031] The lower panel is a 1.2-1.8mm thick glass fiber / carbon fiber hybrid reinforced epoxy resin composite material GF / CF-EP with a fiber volume fraction of 55%-60%.

[0032] The embodiment of the present application provides a preparation method of the ship hull side anti-collision composite sandwich plate according to any one of the above-mentioned embodiments, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0033] The aluminum alloy strip is processed into a ladder-shaped unit by using a numerical control bending machine;

[0034] The ladder-shaped unit is assembled by using friction stir welding to form a periodic lattice array, and a ladder-shaped aluminum alloy lattice frame is obtained;

[0035] The powder metallurgy foaming method is used to fill the closed-cell aluminum foam under the protection of argon;

[0036] The gradient module is used to control the foaming process to realize the gradient distribution of the pore diameter, and the intermediate core layer is obtained;

[0037] The upper panel is laser welded with the ladder-shaped aluminum alloy lattice frame;

[0038] The lower panel is connected with the intermediate core layer by using vacuum infusion.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application include:

[0040] 1. Mechanical performance breakthrough:

[0041] ①The collision energy absorption density reaches 38-45 MJ / m 3 (4-5 times higher than traditional steel plates);

[0042] ②The out-of-plane compressive strength of the ladder-shaped lattice is improved to 25-30 MPa, and the bending stiffness reaches 1.8 x 10 6 N·mm 2 / mm.

[0043] 2. Multi-stage energy absorption mechanism:

[0044] ①First-stage energy absorption: 40%-50% of the energy is consumed by the plastic deformation of the upper panel aluminum alloy;

[0045] ②Second-stage energy absorption: 30%-40% of the energy is consumed by the buckling deformation of the ladder-shaped lattice

[0046] ④Third-stage energy absorption: 10%-20% of the energy is consumed by the crushing and breaking of the gradient aluminum foam

[0047] ③Fourth-stage energy absorption: 5%-10% of the energy is consumed by the lower panel glass fiber / carbon fiber hybrid reinforced epoxy resin composite material.

[0048] 3. Functional advantages:

[0049] ①The self-weight of the structure is 22-25 kg / m 2 (55%-60% lighter than steel plates);

[0050] ②The closed-cell aluminum foam provides additional buoyancy (buoyancy coefficient ≥ 0.65).

[0051] 4. Technical Effects

[0052] ① It meets the requirements of the "Code for Collision Protection between Ships and Offshore Facilities" (2021) and has significant energy absorption efficiency;

[0053] ② Life-cycle maintenance costs are reduced by 38%-45%;

[0054] ③ Capable of withstanding an impact load equivalent to a collision accident occurring once every 10 years (≥15kJ / m). 2 ). Attached Figure Description

[0055] The accompanying drawings illustrate, by way of example and not limitation, the various embodiments discussed herein.

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a ship hull side anti-collision composite sandwich panel structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 It is a composite sandwich panel cross-sectional structure;

[0058] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage energy absorption mechanism;

[0059] Figure 4 A comparison of collision force-displacement curves (this invention vs. traditional structure);

[0060] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a drop hammer impact test. Detailed Implementation

[0061] In order to gain a more detailed understanding of the features and technical content of the embodiments of this application, the implementation of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are for reference and illustration only and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this application.

[0062] In the embodiments described in this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be an electrical connection, or a connection between two internal components. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above term according to the specific circumstances.

[0063] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and "third" used in the embodiments of this application are merely used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of objects. It is understood that "first," "second," and "third" can be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted. It should be understood that the objects distinguished by "first," "second," and "third" can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0064] This invention provides a hull side anti-collision composite sandwich panel, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0065] Top panel 1, bottom panel 2, and middle core layer 3.

[0066] The intermediate core layer 3 is disposed between the upper panel 1 and the lower panel 2.

[0067] The intermediate core layer 3 is composed of a trapezoidal aluminum alloy lattice frame 4 and closed-cell aluminum foam 5.

[0068] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the trapezoidal aluminum alloy lattice frame 4 includes a top edge 41, a first side wall 42, a bottom edge 43, and a second side wall 44 arranged periodically in sequence.

[0069] The top edge 41 is used to connect the top panel 1, and the bottom edge 43 is used to connect the bottom panel 2.

[0070] The top edge 41, the first side wall 42, the second side wall 44, and the bottom panel 2 cooperate to form a lower lattice with a radial cross section of an isosceles triangle.

[0071] The bottom edge 43, the first side wall 42, the second side wall 44, and the top panel 1 work together to form an upper lattice with a radial cross section of an isosceles triangle.

[0072] The upper lattice is filled with closed-cell aluminum foam 5.

[0073] In some embodiments, the intermediate core layer 3 and the upper panel 1 are connected by laser welding.

[0074] The intermediate core layer 3 and the lower panel 2 are connected by vacuum injection. The composite connection between the intermediate core layer 3 and the upper panel 1 and the lower panel 2 can strengthen the connection interface according to the different panel material characteristics.

[0075] In some embodiments, a silicon-aluminum based adhesive is filled between the closed-cell aluminum foam 5 and the upper lattice, and a transition layer is formed by hot pressing and curing. Here, the heating temperature for hot pressing and curing is 200-250°C.

[0076] In some embodiments, the closed-cell aluminum foam 5 has a porosity of 70%-80%, and the pore size of the aluminum foam is gradient-distributed along the thickness direction. The pore size gradient distribution is such that the top pore size on the side near the upper panel 1 of the upper lattice is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the pore size on the side near the lower panel 2 is 2.5-3.5 mm.

[0077] In some embodiments, the length ratio of the top edge 41 to the bottom edge 43 is 1:1.4 to 1:1.8.

[0078] In some embodiments, the distance between the upper panel 1 and the lower panel 2 is 20-50mm.

[0079] The radial section length of the lower lattice corresponding to the top edge 41 is 30-40mm.

[0080] The radial section length of the upper lattice corresponding to the bottom edge 43 is 50-70mm.

[0081] The angle between the first sidewall 42, the second sidewall 44 and the lower panel 2 is 60°±5°.

[0082] like Figure 2 As shown, the distance H between the upper panel 1 and the lower panel 2 is 20-50mm, the radial section length L1 of the top edge 41 corresponding to the lower lattice is 30-40mm, the radial section length L2 of the bottom edge 43 corresponding to the upper lattice is 50-70mm, and the inclination angle θ between the first side wall 42, the second side wall 44 and the lower panel 2 is 60°±5°.

[0083] In some embodiments, a hemispherical protrusion is provided at the intersection of the top edge 41, the first sidewall 42, the bottom edge 43, and the second sidewall 44. The diameter of the hemispherical protrusion is 3-5 mm. The hemispherical protrusion is a reinforcing structure that can increase the local compressive strength by more than 30%. In some embodiments, the height of the protrusion is 15%-20% of the lattice thickness.

[0084] In some embodiments, the upper panel 1 is a 1.0-1.5 mm thick high-strength aluminum alloy with a micro-nano textured surface and a roughness Ra of 1.2-2.5 μm. Here, the thick high-strength aluminum alloy can be, for example, 6082-T6 aluminum alloy.

[0085] The lower plate 2 is made of 1.2-1.8mm thick glass fiber / carbon fiber hybrid reinforced epoxy resin composite material GF / CF-EP, with a fiber volume fraction of 55%-60%.

[0086] This invention provides a method for preparing a ship hull side anti-collision composite sandwich panel as described in any of the above embodiments, the method comprising:

[0087] A CNC bending machine is used to process aluminum alloy strip into trapezoidal units.

[0088] Trapezoidal lattice frame 4 is obtained by assembling trapezoidal units into a periodic lattice array through friction stir welding.

[0089] The closed-cell aluminum foam 5 was filled using the powder metallurgy foaming method under argon protection.

[0090] The foaming process is controlled by a gradient module to achieve a pore size gradient distribution, resulting in the intermediate core layer 3.

[0091] The top panel 1 is laser-welded to the trapezoidal aluminum alloy lattice frame 4.

[0092] The bottom plate 2 and the middle core layer 3 are connected by vacuum injection.

[0093] In some embodiments, the preparation method specifically includes:

[0094] 1. Trapezoidal aluminum alloy lattice frame 4 forming:

[0095] 5052 aluminum alloy strip is processed into trapezoidal units using a CNC bending machine, with the accuracy controlled within ±0.1mm;

[0096] The periodic character array is formed by assembling units through friction stir welding, with a welding speed of 80-120 mm / min.

[0097] 2. Closed-cell aluminum foam 5 filler:

[0098] ① Use powder metallurgy foaming method (foaming agent TiH2, content 0.5-0.8wt%), foaming under argon protection (temperature 650-680℃);

[0099] ② A gradient template is used to control the foaming process to achieve a gradient distribution of pore size.

[0100] 3. Composite assembly:

[0101] ① The upper panel 1 is connected to the trapezoidal aluminum alloy lattice frame 4 by laser welding (power 3-4kW, speed 1.5-2m / min);

[0102] ②The lower panel 2 and the middle core layer 3 are integrally molded using vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process.

[0103] The preparation method includes CNC bending to form a trapezoidal lattice, gradient template foaming and filling of aluminum foam, and laser welding-VARTM composite connection process.

[0104] By testing the anti-collision composite sandwich panel on the hull side of the embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 4 As shown, a comparison of collision force-displacement curves (this invention vs. traditional structure).

[0105] as well as Figure 5 Drop hammer impact test:

[0106] Specimen dimensions: 96×96×8mm (core layer thickness 0.5mm)

[0107] Hammer weight: 13.268kg

[0108] Impact velocity: 8.5 m / s

[0109] Drop hammer impact test (ASTM D7136 standard):

[0110]

[0111] Table 1 Parameter Comparison

[0112] According to the experimental results, it can be concluded that

[0113] Breakthrough in mechanical properties of this invention:

[0114] ① The collision energy absorption density reaches 38-45 MJ / m 3 (4-5 times higher performance than traditional steel plates);

[0115] ② The trapezoidal lattice structure increases the out-of-plane compressive strength to 25-30 MPa and the flexural stiffness to 1.8 × 10⁻⁶ MPa. 6 N·mm 2 / mm.

[0116] The multi-stage energy absorption mechanism, as described in this embodiment of the invention, is the energy absorption mechanism of the hull side anti-collision composite sandwich panel. Figure 3 As shown:

[0117] ① Level 1 energy absorption: 40%-50% of the energy is consumed by the plastic deformation of the aluminum alloy in the upper panel;

[0118] ② Secondary energy absorption: The trapezoidal aluminum alloy lattice frame absorbs 30%-40% of the energy during buckling deformation.

[0119] ④ Three-stage energy absorption: The crushing and breaking of closed-cell aluminum foam consumes 10%-20% of the energy.

[0120] ③ Four-stage energy absorption: 5%-10% glass fiber / carbon fiber hybrid reinforced epoxy resin composite material for the lower panel 2.

[0121] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application can be combined arbitrarily without conflict.

[0122] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A composite sandwich panel for impact resistance on the side of a ship's hull, characterized in that, include: Top panel, bottom panel, and middle core layer; The intermediate core layer is disposed between the upper panel and the lower panel; The intermediate core layer consists of a trapezoidal aluminum alloy lattice frame and closed-cell aluminum foam filling.

2. The anti-collision composite sandwich panel for the hull side as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The trapezoidal aluminum alloy lattice frame includes a top edge, a first side wall, a bottom edge, and a second side wall arranged periodically in sequence. The top edge is used to connect to the upper panel, and the bottom edge is used to connect to the lower panel; The top edge, the first sidewall, the second sidewall, and the bottom panel cooperate to form a lower lattice with a radial cross-section of an isosceles triangle; The bottom edge, the first sidewall, the second sidewall, and the top panel cooperate to form an upper lattice with a radial cross-section of an isosceles triangle; The upper lattice is filled with closed-cell aluminum foam.

3. The anti-collision composite sandwich panel for the hull side according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The intermediate core layer and the upper panel are connected by laser welding. The intermediate core layer and the lower panel are connected by vacuum injection.

4. The anti-collision composite sandwich panel for the hull side as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The closed-cell aluminum foam and the upper lattice are filled with a silicon-aluminum based adhesive, and a transition layer is formed by hot pressing and curing.

5. The anti-collision composite sandwich panel for the hull side as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The closed-cell aluminum foam has a porosity of 70%-80%, and the pore size gradient distribution is as follows: the pore size at the top of the upper lattice near the upper panel is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the pore size at the bottom of the upper lattice is 2.5-3.5 mm.

6. The anti-collision composite sandwich panel for the hull side as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The length ratio of the top edge to the bottom edge is 1:1.4 to 1:1.

8.

7. The anti-collision composite sandwich panel for the hull side as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The distance between the upper panel and the lower panel is 20-50mm; The radial cross-sectional length of the top edge corresponding to the lower lattice is 30-40mm; The radial cross-sectional length of the bottom edge corresponding to the upper lattice is 50-70mm; The angle between the first sidewall, the second sidewall and the lower panel is 60°±5°.

8. The anti-collision composite sandwich panel for the hull side as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A hemispherical protrusion is provided at the intersection of the top edge, the first sidewall, the bottom edge, and the second sidewall, and the diameter of the hemispherical protrusion is 3-5mm.

9. The anti-collision composite sandwich panel for the hull side as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper panel is made of 1.0-1.5mm thick high-strength aluminum alloy with a micro-nano textured surface and a roughness Ra = 1.2-2.5μm; The lower panel is made of 1.2-1.8mm thick glass fiber / carbon fiber hybrid reinforced epoxy resin composite material GF / CF-EP, with a fiber volume fraction of 55%-60%.

10. A method for preparing a ship hull side anti-collision composite sandwich panel as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method includes: A CNC bending machine is used to process aluminum alloy strip into trapezoidal units; Trapezoidal units are assembled by friction stir welding to form a periodic lattice array, resulting in a trapezoidal aluminum alloy lattice frame. The powder metallurgy foaming method is used to foam the aluminum closed-cell foam under argon protection. A gradient module is used to control the foaming process to achieve a pore size gradient distribution, thus obtaining an intermediate core layer; The top panel is laser-welded to the trapezoidal aluminum alloy lattice frame; The bottom plate and the intermediate core layer are connected by vacuum injection.

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