A green assembled slope support construction equipment applied to an expansive soil layer

Abstract

This invention discloses a green prefabricated slope protection construction device for expansive soil strata. It includes an adjustable-angle telescopic arm connected to an engineering vehicle at one end, a mounting base installed at the other end of the telescopic arm, and three unidirectional unwinding mechanisms spaced at intervals along the direction of travel of the engineering vehicle on the mounting base. A pressing mechanism is provided at each of the unidirectional unwinding mechanisms, and a material roll is mounted on each unidirectional unwinding mechanism. The pressing mechanism presses against the outer circumferential surface of the material roll. This invention provides flexible support for slopes in expansive soil strata, improving construction efficiency and the stability of the support structure. The flexible support effectively drains water, adapts to the expansion and deformation of expansive soil, and uses green prefabricated materials, making it environmentally friendly. This invention is applicable to the technical field of slope protection for expansive soil strata.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of slope support for expansive soil strata, specifically, it relates to a construction device for green prefabricated slope support applied to expansive soil strata. Background Technology

[0002] Expansive soil strata refer to strata composed of expansive soil. This type of soil exhibits significant characteristics of swelling upon water absorption and shrinking upon water loss, easily leading to deformation and damage to engineering structures (such as slopes, foundations, retaining walls, etc.). Upon absorbing water, its volume expands (the expansion rate can reach 10%~50%), generating enormous expansion pressure (100~1000 kPa). Upon losing water, it shrinks and cracks, forming a cracked network structure. When dry, it forms deep, large fissures. After rainfall, water seeps into these fissures, exacerbating the expansion. Furthermore, while hard when dry, it softens upon contact with water, resulting in a sharp drop in shear strength. With seasonal cycles of wet and dry, long-term cumulative deformation can lead to the destruction of engineering structures.

[0003] Due to the unique characteristics of expansive soil strata, they can pose significant risks to engineering projects. Specifically, in slope engineering, shallow slope collapses (expansion → softening → stripping of surface soil) can occur, and support structures may crack under the pressure of expansive soil (e.g., retaining wall fractures, anchor bolt failure). In foundation engineering, uneven heave or settlement of building foundations can lead to wall cracks (e.g., "X"-shaped cracks), and roadbed frost heave, pavement bulges, or depressions. In underground engineering, tunnel linings can deform or even collapse under the pressure of expansive soil, and foundation pit support structures may experience lateral displacement due to soil expansion. Therefore, expansive soil strata are high-risk special soil types, requiring specialized investigation, targeted design, and comprehensive measures such as waterproofing, soil improvement, and flexible support in engineering projects; otherwise, serious engineering accidents can easily occur. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a construction device for green prefabricated slope support applied to expansive soil strata, which is used to provide flexible support for slopes in expansive soil strata, improve construction efficiency and the stability of the support structure, so that the flexible support can effectively drain water, adapt to the expansion and deformation of expansive soil, and the support material adopts green prefabricated construction, which is green and environmentally friendly.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A construction device for green prefabricated slope protection applied to expansive soil layers includes an adjustable telescopic boom connected to an engineering vehicle at one end, a mounting base installed at the other end of the adjustable telescopic boom, three unidirectional unwinding mechanisms installed at intervals along the direction of travel of the engineering vehicle on the mounting base, a pressing mechanism provided at each of the unidirectional unwinding mechanisms, and a laying roll assembled on each unidirectional unwinding mechanism, the pressing mechanism pressing against the outer circumferential surface of the laying roll.

[0007] Furthermore, the tilt-adjustable telescopic boom includes a hydraulic telescopic boom with one end hinged to the adapter seat, the other end of the hydraulic telescopic boom being connected to the mounting base, a tilt-adjusting cylinder being hinged between the hydraulic telescopic boom and the adapter seat, and the adapter seat being detachably connected to the engineering vehicle.

[0008] Furthermore, the unidirectional unwinding mechanism includes an unwinding rod rotatably mounted on a mounting base. The unwinding rod extends along the inclined direction of the slope. A first ratchet is coaxially mounted on the unwinding rod, and a first pawl is mounted on the mounting base. The first pawl and the first ratchet cooperate with each other, and the material roll is coaxially mounted on the unwinding rod.

[0009] Furthermore, a first inner support sleeve is coaxially fixed at one end of the unwinding rod, and a second inner support sleeve is threadedly connected to the other end of the unwinding rod. The first inner support sleeve and the second inner support sleeve are respectively tightened at the center of both ends of the material roll. The radial length of the first inner support sleeve gradually decreases from the end closer to the second inner support sleeve towards the second inner support sleeve, and the radial length of the second inner support sleeve gradually decreases from the end closer to the first inner support sleeve towards the first inner support sleeve.

[0010] Furthermore, the coiling mechanism includes a connecting rod rotatably connected to a connecting seat at one end. The connecting seat is detachably connected to the mounting seat. A second ratchet is coaxially mounted on the connecting rod, and a second pawl is mounted on the connecting seat. The second pawl and the second ratchet cooperate with each other. The connecting rod extends along the inclined direction of the slope, and the connecting rod is connected to a shaft parallel to the axis of the connecting rod through two elastic bent rods. A counterweight pressure roller is coaxially rotatably connected to the shaft, and the counterweight pressure roller presses against the outer circumferential surface of the material roll.

[0011] Furthermore, a steering roller pressing mechanism is provided below the two adjacent unidirectional unwinding mechanisms. The steering roller pressing mechanism is installed on the mounting base. A longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism is installed on the mounting base at one end facing away from the direction of travel of the engineering vehicle. Multiple rolls of steel wire rope are spaced apart on the longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism along the slope inclination direction. An adjustable binding mechanism is installed at the end of the longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism away from the unidirectional unwinding mechanism. Anchor nails or drainage pipes are fixed in the slope through the adjustable binding mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the steering roller pressing mechanism includes a roller whose axis extends along the inclined direction of the slope. The roller presses against the surface of the slope. One axial end of the roller is rotatably connected to the adapter sleeve via an adapter shaft. Two vertical rods are fixed side by side on the adapter sleeve. The upper end of each vertical rod passes through a fixing lug and is connected to the adapter plate. The fixing lug is fixedly connected to the mounting base. A buffer spring is fitted on the vertical rod. The two ends of the buffer spring are connected to the fixing lug and the adapter plate, respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, there are two rollers, which are symmetrically fixed on the adapter shaft. The radial length of the two rollers at their close ends is less than the radial length of their far ends, and the radial length of each roller at the part between its two ends gradually increases.

[0014] Furthermore, the longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism includes an assembly rod rotatably mounted on an assembly base, a plurality of first rope drums rotatably connected at intervals on the assembly rod, a guide wheel seat provided between each first rope drum and the assembly rod, and a guide rope wheel rotatably connected to the guide wheel seat, the guide rope wheel pressing against the upper surface of the slope.

[0015] Furthermore, the assembly rod includes multiple assembly sub-rods spaced apart along the inclined direction of the slope. Two assembly sub-rods are symmetrically rotatably connected to both sides of each guide wheel seat. A rigid torsion spring is provided between the guide wheel seat and the corresponding assembly sub-rod. The mounting shafts at both ends of the first rope drum are rotatably connected to the corresponding assembly sub-rods. A transition rod is installed on the assembly seat, and each assembly sub-rod is connected to the transition rod through a transition arm.

[0016] The present invention, by employing the aforementioned structure, achieves the following technological advancements compared to existing technologies: During construction, the present invention first completes earthwork excavation and slope preparation. After completion, the length and angle of the adjustable telescopic boom are adjusted to ensure it is parallel to the slope. Three unidirectional unwinding mechanisms are positioned above the area to be paved. The paving rolls on these three mechanisms are the bottom layer roll, the middle layer roll, and the top layer roll, respectively. The bottom layer roll, after being unwound by the corresponding unidirectional unwinding mechanism, is laid on the slope to form a performance layer. The middle layer roll, after being unwound by the corresponding unidirectional unwinding mechanism, is laid on the performance layer to form a protective layer. The top layer roll, after being unwound by the corresponding unidirectional unwinding mechanism, is laid on the protective layer to form a reinforcing layer. During the unwinding and paving process, each pressing mechanism restricts the corresponding paving roll to prevent excessively rapid unwinding, which could cause the bottom, middle, or top layer rolls to become loose, thus affecting the paving quality and support performance. After the bottom, middle, and top layers of the slope are laid, anchoring nails are used to secure them to the slope. To improve the overall integrity of the support, steel wire ropes can be used to interweave the support structure in both longitudinal and diagonal directions, forming a mesh structure. At the intersections of the longitudinally and diagonally extending steel wire ropes, anchoring nails are used to secure the intersections to the slope. This results in a high degree of integrity for the support structure, which is a flexible, green, prefabricated slope protection layer that can adapt to the expansion and deformation of expansive soil slopes without damage, making it environmentally friendly. After the support is completed, longitudinal drainage channels are excavated at the upper and lower ends of the slope. The slope is divided into multiple segments along its length (longitudinal direction), and sloping drainage channels are constructed at both ends of each segment. Each sloping drainage channel extends from the top to the bottom of the slope along its inclination, and its upper and lower ends are connected to two longitudinal drainage channels. Simultaneously, multiple drainage pipes are inserted longitudinally at intervals at the lower part of the slope, with their outlets connected to the corresponding longitudinal drainage channels. This creates a highly efficient drainage structure that effectively enhances the slope's drainage capacity. The flexible, green, prefabricated slope protection layer provides excellent waterproofing, effectively preventing the expansion and deformation of expansive soil slopes. In summary, this invention provides flexible support for expansive soil slopes, improving construction efficiency and the stability of the support structure. The flexible support effectively drains water, adapts to the expansion and deformation of expansive soil, and utilizes green, prefabricated materials, making it environmentally friendly. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0018] In the attached diagram:

[0019] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tilt-adjustable telescopic arm according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the unidirectional unwinding mechanism, the compression winding mechanism, and the connection of the material roll in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the unwinding rod, the first inner support sleeve, and the second inner support sleeve in the unidirectional unwinding mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the winding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the steering roller pressing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism, the adjustable binding mechanism, and the oblique rope unwinding mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure shown from another angle;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism and the adjustable binding mechanism are arranged at right angles in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of the green prefabricated slope support system assembled on the slope.

[0031] Figure 13 A top view of the green prefabricated slope support system installed on the slope.

[0032] Components marked: 100-Adjustable telescopic boom, 101-Adapter seat, 102-Hydraulic telescopic boom, 103-Tilt adjustment cylinder, 200-Mounting seat, 300-One-way unwinding mechanism, 301-Unwinding rod, 302-First ratchet, 303-First pawl, 304-Laying coil, 305-First inner support sleeve, 306-Fixing sleeve, 307-Fixing bolt, 308-Second inner support sleeve, 309-Operating sleeve, 400-Coil press Structure, 401-Connecting seat, 402-Connecting rod, 403-Second ratchet, 404-Second pawl, 405-Bent part, 406-Elastic part, 407-Shaft, 408-Counterweight pressure roller, 500-Steering roller pressing mechanism, 501-Adapter shaft, 502-Rolling roller, 503-Adapter sleeve, 504-Vertical rod, 505-Fixing lug, 506-Adapter plate, 507-Buffer spring, 600-Longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism, 60 1-Assembly base, 602-Guide wheel seat, 603-First rope drum, 604-Guide rope wheel, 605-Assembly rod, 606-Mounting shaft, 607-Hard torsion spring, 608-Adapter rod, 609-Adapter arm, 700-Adjustable binding mechanism, 701-Fixed base, 702-Strip hole, 703-Binding cylinder, 704-Connecting screw, 705-Locking nut, 706-Adjusting bolt, 707-Fastening nut, 708-Lower... Pressure head, 800- Inclined rope unwinding mechanism, 801- Guide rail, 802- Conducting channel, 803- Linear slide, 804- Drum seat, 805- Second rope drum, 806- Lifting drive component, 900- Performance layer, 1000- Protective layer, 1100- Reinforcing layer, 1200- Wire rope, 1300- Slope, 1400- Longitudinal drainage channel, 1500- Anchor nail, 1600- Drainage pipe, 1700- Inclined drainage channel. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustrative and explanatory purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0034] This invention discloses a construction device for green prefabricated slope protection applied to expansive soil strata, such as... Figures 1-13As shown, the system includes an adjustable-angle telescopic boom 100, a mounting base 200, three unidirectional unwinding mechanisms 300, and three pressing mechanisms 400. One end of the adjustable-angle telescopic boom 100 is connected to the engineering vehicle. The mounting base 200 is detachably mounted on the other end of the adjustable-angle telescopic boom 100. The three unidirectional unwinding mechanisms 300 are mounted on the mounting base 200 and are spaced apart along the direction of travel of the engineering vehicle. The three pressing mechanisms 400 correspond one-to-one with the three unidirectional unwinding mechanisms 300. Each pressing mechanism 400 is mounted on the mounting base 200, and a material roll 304 is mounted on each unidirectional unwinding mechanism 300. The pressing mechanism 400 presses against the outer circumferential surface of the corresponding material roll 304. The working principle and advantages of this invention are as follows: During construction, the earthwork excavation and slope trimming are completed first. After completion, the length and angle of the adjustable telescopic arm 100 are adjusted by controlling the tilt angle, so that the adjustable telescopic arm 100 is parallel to the slope. The three unidirectional unwinding mechanisms 300 are all located above the area to be paved. The paving rolls 304 on the three unidirectional unwinding mechanisms 300 are the bottom roll, the middle roll, and the top roll, respectively. After being unwound by the corresponding unidirectional unwinding mechanism 300, the bottom roll is laid on the slope to form the performance layer 900. After being unwound by the corresponding unidirectional unwinding mechanism 300, the middle roll is laid on the performance layer 900 to form the protective layer 1000. After being unwound by the corresponding unidirectional unwinding mechanism 300, the top roll is laid on the protective layer 1000 to form the reinforcing layer 1100. During the unwinding and paving of these paving rolls 304, each pressing mechanism 400 restricts the corresponding paving roll 304 to prevent it from unwinding too quickly, which could cause the bottom, middle, or top layer rolls to become loose, thus affecting the paving quality and support performance. After the bottom, middle, and top layer rolls are laid, anchoring nails 1500 are used to anchor them to the slope 1300. Furthermore, to improve the overall integrity of the support, steel wire ropes 1200 are used to interweave longitudinally and diagonally across the support structure, forming a mesh structure. At the intersections of the longitudinally extending steel wire ropes 1200 and the diagonally extending steel wire ropes 1200, anchoring nails 1500 are used to anchor the intersections to the slope 1300. This results in a high degree of integrity for the support structure, which is a flexible, green, prefabricated slope protection layer capable of adapting to the expansion and deformation of the expansive soil slope 1300 without damage, making it environmentally friendly.After the support is completed, longitudinal drainage channels 1400 are excavated at the upper and lower ends of the slope 1300. The slope 1300 is divided into multiple segments along its length (longitudinal direction). At both ends of each segment, inclined drainage channels 1700 are excavated. Each inclined drainage channel 1700 extends from the top of the slope to the bottom along the slope direction. The upper and lower ends of the inclined drainage channel 1700 are connected to two longitudinal drainage channels 1400 respectively. At the same time, multiple drainage pipes 1600 are inserted longitudinally at intervals at the lower part of the slope 1300. The outlet of the drainage pipe 1600 is connected to the corresponding longitudinal drainage channel 1400. In this way, the drainage structure is extremely complete, which can effectively improve the drainage capacity of the slope 1300. The soft green prefabricated slope protection layer has good waterproof effect and effectively prevents the expansion and deformation of the expansive soil slope 1300. In summary, this invention provides flexible support for the slope 1300 of expansive soil strata, which improves construction efficiency and the stability of the support structure. The flexible support can effectively drain water and adapt to the expansion and deformation of expansive soil. Furthermore, the support material is green prefabricated and environmentally friendly.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the tilt-adjustable telescopic boom 100 includes an adapter 101, a hydraulic telescopic boom 102, and a tilt-adjusting cylinder 103. One end of the hydraulic telescopic boom 102 is hinged to the adapter 101, and the other end is connected to the mounting base 200. Both ends of the tilt-adjusting cylinder 103 are hinged to the hydraulic telescopic boom 102 and the adapter 101, respectively. The adapter 101 is detachably connected to the engineering vehicle. In this embodiment, by controlling the movement of the tilt-adjusting cylinder 103, the tilt angle of the hydraulic telescopic boom 102 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the adapter 101 and components such as the unidirectional unwinding mechanism 300 connected to the adapter 101, so that the tilt angle of the unidirectional unwinding mechanism 300 and other components is consistent with the tilt angle of the slope 1300. Then, by controlling the movement of the hydraulic telescopic boom 102, the unidirectional unwinding mechanism 300 and other components are moved to the area above the slope 1300 to be paved, so as to facilitate the construction of slope 1300 support.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the unidirectional unwinding mechanism 300 includes an unwinding rod 301, a first ratchet 302, and a first pawl 303. The unwinding rod 301 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 200, extending along the inclined direction of the slope 1300. The first ratchet 302 is coaxially mounted on the unwinding rod 301. The first pawl 303 is mounted on the mounting base 200, and the first pawl 303 and the first ratchet 302 cooperate with each other. The material roll 304 is coaxially mounted on the unwinding rod 301. In this embodiment, the first ratchet 302 and the first pawl 303 are used to limit the unidirectional rotation of the unwinding rod 301, thereby preventing the material roll 304 from rotating in the opposite direction under external force interference, ensuring that the material roll 304 unwinds in an orderly and stable manner. In this embodiment, to ensure that the unwinding rod 301 rotates synchronously with the laying roll 304, and to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the laying roll 304, the following measures are taken: a first inner support sleeve 305 is coaxially fixed at one end of the unwinding rod 301, and a second inner support sleeve 308 is threadedly connected to the other end of the unwinding rod 301. The first inner support sleeve 305 and the second inner support sleeve 308 are respectively tightened at the center of both axial ends of the laying roll 304; that is, the center of the laying roll 304 is the winding tube, and the performance layer 900, the protective layer 1000, or the reinforcing layer 1100 are wound onto the winding tube. One end of the first inner support sleeve 305 extends into one end of the winding tube and tightens at the end of the winding tube. Similarly, one end of the second inner support sleeve 308 extends into the other end of the winding tube and tightens at the other end of the winding tube. The first inner support sleeve 305 is coaxially fixed to one end (non-threaded end) of the unwinding rod 301, and its end away from the second inner support sleeve 308 has an integrally constructed fixing sleeve 306. After the fixing sleeve 306 is fitted onto the outer circumference of the unwinding rod 301, it is radially locked by fixing bolts 307, ultimately achieving rigid fixation between the first inner support sleeve 305 and the unwinding rod 301 (without relative rotation between them). The core function of the first inner support sleeve 305 is to serve as the axial positioning reference for the material roll 304, and its small-diameter end is inserted into one end of the winding tube of the material roll and tightened. The second inner support sleeve 308 is threadedly connected to the unwinding rod 301, and its small-diameter end is inserted into the other end of the winding tube of the material roll and tightened. An operating sleeve 309 is constructed at the end of the second inner support sleeve 308 away from the first inner support sleeve 305. The operating sleeve 309 is fitted onto the unwinding rod 301. By turning the operating sleeve 309 with a wrench, it causes the second inner support sleeve 308 to rotate, and the second inner support sleeve 308 moves along the axis of the unwinding rod 301, so that the material rolls 304 of different axial lengths are clamped between the first inner support sleeve 305 and the second inner support sleeve 308. In this embodiment, the radial length of the first inner support sleeve 305 increases from the middle of the unwinding rod 301 toward the end of the unwinding rod 301, and the radial length of the second inner support sleeve 308 increases from the middle of the unwinding rod 301 toward the other end of the unwinding rod 301. That is, the radial length of the first inner support sleeve 305 and the second inner support sleeve 308 at their closer ends is less than the radial length of their farther ends.In this way, the small-diameter ends of the first inner support sleeve 305 and the second inner support sleeve 308 are respectively inserted and tightened at the two ends of the winding tube, so as to realize the purpose of the unwinding rod 301 rotating synchronously with the material roll 304; and when the material roll 304 is unwinding, and the rotation direction is the same as the direction of tightening of the operating sleeve 309 (this rotation direction causes the second inner support sleeve 308 to move toward the first inner support sleeve 305 or has the tendency to move in this direction), it is ensured that the material roll 304 is always clamped by the first inner support sleeve 305 and the second inner support sleeve 308.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, the coiling mechanism 400 includes a connecting seat 401, a connecting rod 402, a shaft 407, a counterweight pressure roller 408, a second ratchet 403, a second pawl 404, and two elastic bent rods. One end of the connecting rod 402 is rotatably connected to the connecting seat 401, and the connecting seat 401 is detachably connected to the mounting base 200. The second ratchet 403 is coaxially mounted on the connecting rod 402, and the second pawl 404 is mounted on the connecting seat 401, with the second pawl 404 and the second ratchet 403 cooperating with each other. In this embodiment, the connecting rod 402 extends along the inclined direction of the slope 1300, and two elastic bent rods are disposed at both ends of the connecting rod 402. Each elastic bent rod includes a bent portion 405 and an elastic portion 406. One end of the bent portion 405 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 402, and the other end of the bent portion 405 is fixedly connected to one end of the elastic portion 406. The other end of the elastic portion 406 is connected to the shaft 407, and the elastic portion 406 is generally a rigid spring. In this embodiment, the axis of the shaft 407 is parallel to the axis of the connecting rod 402, and the counterweight pressure roller 408 is rotatably connected to the shaft 407. The counterweight pressure roller 408 presses against the outer circumferential surface of the spreading roll 304. The working principle and advantages of this embodiment are as follows: This embodiment uses a second ratchet 403 and a second pawl 404 to limit the direction of the connecting rod 402. Under the gravity of the counterweight pressure roller 408, the counterweight pressure roller 408 always presses against the outer circumferential surface of the material roll 304. That is, as the material roll 304 gradually unwinds and its radial length gradually decreases, the counterweight pressure roller 408 always restricts the outer circumferential surface of the material roll 304, preventing the material roll 304 from unwinding too quickly and becoming loose. Furthermore, due to the elastic part 406 of the elastic bending rod, when the material unwound from the material roll 304 is excessively tensioned, the elastic part 406 will undergo a certain elastic deformation, facilitating the smooth unwinding of the material roll 304 and preventing severe deformation and damage to the material.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 , Figure 11As shown, a steering roller pressing mechanism 500 is provided below the two adjacent unidirectional unwinding mechanisms 300. Each steering roller pressing mechanism 500 is mounted on the mounting base 200. A longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism 600 is installed on the mounting base 200 at the end opposite to the direction of travel of the engineering vehicle. Multiple rolls of steel wire rope 1200 are spaced apart on the longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism 600 along the inclined direction of the slope 1300. An adjustable binding mechanism 700 is installed at the end of the longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism 600 away from the unidirectional unwinding mechanism 300. Anchor nails 1500 or drainage pipes 1600 are fixed in the slope 1300 by the adjustable binding mechanism 700. The working principle and advantages of this embodiment are as follows: In this embodiment, a steering roller pressing mechanism 500 is used to turn and roll the performance layer 900 rolled out from the bottom layer onto the surface of the slope 1300. Another steering roller pressing mechanism 500 is used to turn and roll the protective layer 1000 rolled out from the middle layer onto the surface of the performance layer 900. The longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism 600 is used to simultaneously unwind the multiple rolls of steel wire rope 1200 on it, so that each steel wire rope 1200 is tightly attached to the reinforcing layer 1100. Moreover, the lower end of the longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism 600 rolls on the reinforcing layer 1100, thereby avoiding loose adhesion between layers. During the installation of the wire rope 1200, the anchoring nails 1500 are manually driven in, and the adjustable fixing mechanism 700 is controlled to anchor the anchoring nails 1500 within the slope 1300, thus fixing the wire rope 1200 to the slope 1300. When it is necessary to assemble the drainage pipe 1600, the connection angle between the adjustable fixing mechanism 700 and the longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism 600 is adjusted, so that the adjustable fixing mechanism 700 changes from a parallel state with the longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism 600 to a perpendicular state with the longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism 600, i.e., from... Figure 10 The form of the transformation Figure 11 The drainage pipe 1600 is manually fed in, and the adjustable binding mechanism 700 is controlled to insert the drainage pipe 1600 into the lower part of the slope 1300. Therefore, the adjustable binding mechanism 700 in this embodiment can not only perform the insertion of the anchor nail 1500, but also the assembly of the drainage pipe 1600, reducing the complexity of the equipment and saving on equipment investment costs. The unwinding actions of all the above components are passive unwinding, that is, during the movement of the engineering vehicle, due to the fixation of the anchor nail 1500, each laying roll 304 is pulled and gradually unwound, and the unwinding speed is related to the speed of the engineering vehicle.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 7As shown, the steering roller pressing mechanism 500 includes a roller 502, a connecting shaft 501, a connecting sleeve 503, a connecting plate 506, two vertical rods 504, and two buffer springs 507. The roller 502 is coaxially fixedly installed outside the connecting shaft 501, and its axis extends along the inclined direction of the slope 1300. The roller 502 presses against the surface of the slope 1300. One end of the connecting shaft 501 extends into the connecting sleeve 503, and the connecting shaft 501 and the connecting sleeve 503 are flexibly connected. In this embodiment, two vertical rods 504 are fixed side-by-side on the adapter sleeve 503. The upper end of each vertical rod 504 passes through the fixing ear 505 and connects to the adapter plate 506. The fixing ear 505 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 200. Two buffer springs 507 are respectively fitted around the two vertical rods 504, and the two ends of each buffer spring 507 are respectively connected to the fixing ear 505 and the adapter plate 506. In this embodiment, through the action of the buffer springs 507, the rolling roller 502 elastically presses against the performance layer 900 or the protective layer 1000, so that the performance layer 900 or the protective layer 1000 fully fits against the upper surface of the slope 1300. When encountering an uneven area, the rolling roller 502 will undulate. At this time, the vertical rods 504 will move vertically accordingly, so that the buffer springs 507 elastically store energy, so that after leaving the uneven area, the rolling roller 502 can continue to elastically press against the performance layer 900 or the protective layer 1000. If the roller 502 uses a non-elastic connection, when encountering uneven areas, the roller 502 will exert hard pressure on the performance layer 900 or the protective layer 1000, which can easily damage the performance layer 900 or the protective layer 1000. In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the performance layer 900 or the protective layer 1000 remains open during the laying process and to avoid wrinkles, the measures taken are as follows: there are two rollers 502, and these two rollers 502 are symmetrically fixed on the adapter shaft 501. The radial length of the two rollers 502 at their closer ends is less than the radial length of their farther ends, and the radial length of each roller 502 gradually increases between its two ends. Thus, as the two rolling rollers 502 rotate synchronously with the adapter shaft 501, due to the flexibility of the performance layer 900 or the protective layer 1000, when the rolling rollers 502 roll the surface of the slope 1300, the two rolling rollers 502 tend to push the sides of the performance layer 900 or the protective layer 1000 outward, thereby making the performance layer 900 or the protective layer 1000 tightly laid on the surface of the slope 1300 and always maintaining an outward flared state.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 8-10As shown, the longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism 600 includes an assembly base 601, an assembly rod, and multiple first rope drums 603. The assembly base 601 is detachably mounted on the mounting base 200, and the assembly rod is rotatably mounted on the assembly base 601. Multiple first rope drums 603 are rotatably connected to the assembly rod at intervals along its length. A guide wheel seat 602 is provided between each first rope drum 603 and the assembly rod, and a guide rope wheel 604 is rotatably connected to the guide wheel seat 602. The guide rope wheel 604 rolls against the upper surface of the slope 1300. In this embodiment, during the unwinding process of the wire rope 1200 by the first rope drum 603, the wire rope 1200 is laid on the upper surface of the reinforcing layer 1100 via the guide rope wheel 604. At this time, the guide rope wheel 604 serves two purposes: firstly, it guides and lays the wire rope 1200; secondly, it presses against the reinforcing layer 1100 to prevent the reinforcing layer 1100 from shifting from the protective layer 1000. In this embodiment, to avoid damage to the reinforcing layer 1100 caused by the hard rolling of the guide wheel 604, the following measures are taken: the assembly rod includes multiple assembly sub-rods 605 spaced apart along the inclined direction of the slope 1300. Two assembly sub-rods 605 are symmetrically rotatably connected to both sides of each guide wheel seat 602. A rigid torsion spring 607 is provided between the guide wheel seat 602 and the corresponding assembly sub-rod 605. Mounting shafts 606 are coaxially connected to both ends of the first rope drum 603. Each mounting shaft 606 is rotatably connected to the corresponding assembly sub-rod 605. A transition rod 608 is installed on the assembly base 601. The axis of the transition rod 608 is parallel to the axis of the assembly sub-rod 605. Each assembly sub-rod 605 is connected to the transition rod 608 through a transition arm 609. In this embodiment, when the guide wheel 604 passes through an uneven area, the guide wheel 604 is subjected to force, causing the guide wheel seat 602 to rotate at a certain angle along the axis of the mounting rod 605. At this time, the rigid torsion spring 607 twists and elastically stores energy. Moreover, throughout the entire rope laying process, regardless of whether the slope 1300 is flat or not, the guide wheel 604 is always in a state of elastic pressure on the surface of the reinforcing layer 1100, thereby avoiding prolonged hard contact between the guide wheel 604 and the reinforcing layer 1100, which could lead to damage to the reinforcing layer 1100.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 8 , Figure 10As shown, the adjustable binding mechanism 700 includes a fixed base 701 and multiple binding cylinders 703. The fixed base 701 is connected to the mounting base 601 via adjusting bolts 706. A fastening nut 707 is screwed onto the adjusting bolts 706 to fix the connection angle between the fixed base 701 and the mounting base 601. The multiple binding cylinders 703 are spaced apart on the fixed base 701 along the inclined direction of the slope 1300. Specifically, a strip-shaped hole 702 extending along the inclined direction of the slope 1300 is provided on the fixed base 701. A connecting screw 704 is fixed to the end of the cylinder body of each binding cylinder 703. The connecting screw 704 extends out of the fixed base 701 through the strip-shaped hole 702. A locking nut 705 is threaded onto the connecting screw 704. A pressing head 708 is installed at the end of the cylinder rod of the binding cylinder 703. In this embodiment, the anchor pin 1500 or the drainage pipe 1600 is assembled on the lower pressure head 708, and then the mounting cylinder 703 is controlled to insert the anchor pin 1500 or the drainage pipe 1600 into the slope 1300. When it is necessary to adjust the spacing of the anchor pin 1500 or the drainage pipe 1600 inserted into the slope 1300, the locking nut 705 is loosened, and the spacing between the mounting cylinders 703 is adjusted along the length of the strip hole 702. After adjustment, the locking nut 705 is tightened. When switching between the two operations of inserting anchor pins 1500 and drain pipes 1600, loosen the fastening nut 707, rotate the fixing seat 701 along the axis of the adjusting bolt 706, and simultaneously adjust the tilt angle and extension length of the adjustable telescopic arm 100. This changes the arrangement of the multiple binding cylinders 703 on the adjustable binding mechanism 700 from being spaced apart along the tilt direction of the slope 1300 to being spaced apart longitudinally along the slope 1300, thereby enabling the conversion from inserting anchor pins 1500 to inserting drain pipes 1600. Conversely, the operation is reversed to convert the conversion from inserting drain pipes 1600 to inserting anchor pins 1500.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 10As shown, in this embodiment, an oblique rope unwinding mechanism 800 is installed at the end of the adjustable binding mechanism 700 away from the longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism 600. This mechanism is used to obliquely arrange another steel wire rope 1200 on the upper surface of the reinforcing layer 1100, forming a mesh structure with the steel wire rope 1200 arranged by the longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism 600. The oblique rope unwinding mechanism 800 includes a guide rail 801, a linear slide 803, a drum seat 804, a second rope drum 805, and two lifting drive components 806. The guide rail 801 is located below the fixed seat 701 and extends along the inclined direction of the slope 1300. The two lifting drive components 806 are respectively installed at both ends of the guide rail 801. The end of each lifting drive component 806 away from the guide rail 801 is connected to the fixed seat 701. The lifting drive component 806 is generally a lifting cylinder. A linear slide 803 is mounted on a guide rail 801 and can reciprocate along the length of the guide rail 801. A drum seat 804 is mounted on the linear slide 803, and a second rope drum 805 is rotatably mounted on the drum seat 804, on which a steel wire rope 1200 is wound. In this embodiment, a guide channel 802 is formed on the guide rail 801. The guide channel 802 extends along the length of the guide rail 801 to both ends of the guide rail 801. The guide channel 802 corresponds to the pressing head 708, thereby facilitating the smooth insertion of the anchor nail 1500 or the drainage pipe 1600 into the slope 1300 through the guide channel 802. The working principle and advantages of this embodiment are as follows: This embodiment controls the linear slide 803 to reciprocate on the guide rail 801, causing it to drive the second rope drum 805 to reciprocate. When the engineering vehicle is moving, the linear slide 803 is controlled to move, and the second rope drum 805 unwinds, so that the unwound wire rope 1200 forms a non-90° angle with the wire rope 1200 unwound from the longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism 600, and anchoring pins 1500 are used to anchor the wire ropes at their intersections. When the engineering vehicle is stationary, the linear slide 803 is controlled to move, and the second rope drum 805 unwinds, so that the unwound wire rope 1200 forms a 90° angle with the wire rope 1200 unwound from the longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism 600, and anchoring pins 1500 are used to anchor the wire ropes at their intersections. In this way, with the alternating motion of the engineering vehicle, the steel wire rope 1200 unwound from the second rope drum 805 is continuously intertwined with the steel wire rope 1200 unwound from the longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism 600, and under the action of the anchoring nail 1500, a continuous mesh structure is formed, which improves the continuity and stability of the slope 1300 support. Thus, the slope 1300 has an excellent support effect in the event of expansion or other conditions.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction device for green prefabricated slope protection applied to expansive soil strata, characterized in that: The system includes an adjustable telescopic boom connected to an engineering vehicle at one end, a mounting base installed at the other end of the adjustable telescopic boom, three unidirectional unwinding mechanisms spaced apart on the mounting base along the direction of travel of the engineering vehicle, a coiling mechanism at each of the unidirectional unwinding mechanisms, and a material roll mounted on each unidirectional unwinding mechanism. The coiling mechanism presses against the outer circumferential surface of the material roll. The coiling mechanism includes a connecting rod rotatably connected to a connecting seat at one end, the connecting seat being detachably connected to the mounting base, and a second ratchet coaxially mounted on the connecting rod. The upper part is equipped with a second pawl, which cooperates with the second ratchet. A steering roller pressing mechanism is provided below the two adjacent unidirectional unwinding mechanisms and is mounted on a mounting base. The steering roller pressing mechanism includes a roller whose axis extends along the inclined direction of the slope and presses against the surface of the slope. There are two rollers, which are symmetrically fixed on the adapter shaft. The radial length of the two rollers approaching each other is less than the radial length of their far-away ends, and the radial length of the portion of each roller located between its two ends is also less than the radial length of the portion of each roller located between its two ends. Gradually increasing; the unidirectional unwinding mechanism includes an unwinding rod rotatably mounted on a mounting base, the unwinding rod extending along the inclined direction of the slope, a first ratchet coaxially mounted on the unwinding rod, and a first pawl mounted on the mounting base, the first pawl and the first ratchet cooperating with each other, the material roll coaxially mounted on the unwinding rod; a first inner support sleeve coaxially fixed at one end of the unwinding rod, and a second inner support sleeve threadedly connected to the other end of the unwinding rod, the first inner support sleeve and the second inner support sleeve respectively expanding and tightening at the center of both ends of the axial direction of the material roll, the radial length of the first inner support sleeve being equal to the unwinding rod. The radial length of the first inner support sleeve increases from the middle of the unwinding rod towards the other end of the unwinding rod, and the small diameter ends of the first inner support sleeve and the second inner support sleeve are close to each other; a longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism is installed on the mounting base at the end opposite to the direction of travel of the engineering vehicle, and multiple rolls of steel wire rope are spaced apart on the longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism along the slope inclination direction, and an adjustable fixing mechanism is installed at the end of the longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism away from the unidirectional unwinding mechanism, and the anchor nail or drainage pipe is fixed in the slope through the adjustable fixing mechanism.

2. The construction equipment for green prefabricated slope protection applied to expansive soil strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tilt-adjustable telescopic boom includes a hydraulic telescopic boom with one end hinged to an adapter seat, and the other end of the hydraulic telescopic boom connected to a mounting base. A tilt-adjusting cylinder is hinged between the hydraulic telescopic boom and the adapter seat, and the adapter seat is detachably connected to the engineering vehicle.

3. The construction equipment for green prefabricated slope protection applied to expansive soil strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod extends along the slope direction and is connected to a shaft parallel to the axis of the connecting rod by two elastic bent rods. A counterweight pressure roller is coaxially rotatably connected to the shaft and presses against the outer circumference of the laying roll.

4. The construction equipment for green prefabricated slope protection applied to expansive soil strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: One axial end of the roller is rotatably connected to the adapter sleeve via an adapter shaft. Two vertical rods are fixed side by side on the adapter sleeve. The upper end of each vertical rod passes through a fixing lug and is connected to the adapter plate. The fixing lug is fixedly connected to the mounting base. A buffer spring is fitted on the vertical rod. The two ends of the buffer spring are connected to the fixing lug and the adapter plate, respectively.

5. The construction equipment for green prefabricated slope protection applied to expansive soil strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal rope unwinding mechanism includes an assembly rod rotatably mounted on an assembly base, a plurality of first rope drums rotatably connected at intervals on the assembly rod, a guide wheel seat provided between each first rope drum and the assembly rod, and a guide rope wheel rotatably connected to the guide wheel seat, the guide rope wheel pressing against the upper surface of the slope.

6. The construction equipment for green prefabricated slope protection applied to expansive soil strata according to claim 5, characterized in that: The assembly rod includes multiple assembly sub-rods spaced apart along the inclined direction of the slope. Two assembly sub-rods are symmetrically rotatably connected to both sides of each guide wheel seat. A rigid torsion spring is provided between the guide wheel seat and the corresponding assembly sub-rod. The mounting shafts at both ends of the first rope drum are rotatably connected to the corresponding assembly sub-rods. A transition rod is installed on the assembly seat, and each assembly sub-rod is connected to the transition rod through a transition arm.

Images