Steel cable tension measuring method and device aiming at winching machine operation characteristics

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of steel cable tension measurement, in particular to a steel cable tension measurement method and device aiming at the operation characteristics of a winching machine, and the method comprises the steps: arranging a plurality of optical fiber clusters on the winching machine, and obtaining the optical fiber clusters through a flexible optical fiber; when an object needing to be dragged applies a certain tensile force to the steel cable, each optical fiber cluster bears the tensile force of the steel cable and is bent and deformed, the tensile length of the current optical fiber cluster is determined according to the tensile force borne by the current optical fiber cluster, and the time for laser to pass through the current optical fiber cluster is expressed; determining the time for the laser to pass through the current optical fiber cluster by combining the time difference of passing through the two ends, and calculating and determining the stress value of the current optical fiber cluster; and according to the included angle between the current optical fiber cluster and the optical cable, obtaining the tension along the steel cable through mechanical decomposition. By utilizing the elastic deformation characteristic of the flexible optical fiber, the optical fiber is subjected to special structure processing and packaging, the structure is simple, the optical fiber can adapt to a harsh and complex natural environment and an electromagnetic environment, and the advantage of high reliability is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of steel cable tension measurement, and particularly relates to a steel cable tension measurement method and device for winch operation characteristics. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a key component of winch load bearing and force transmission, the accurate monitoring of the stress state of the steel cable is crucial to the structural safety. At present, the tension measurement methods mainly include pressure gauge method, pressure sensor method, frequency method (vibration method) and measurement method based on magnetic piezoelectric effect, etc. Among them: (1) Pressure gauge method and pressure sensor method: The pressure gauge method is mainly used for tension adjustment in the construction process, but it cannot realize long-term online monitoring. Although the pressure sensor method (such as resistance strain type, vibrating wire type sensor) can directly measure the cable force, it has problems such as poor dynamic response, short service life, complex installation, easy to be affected by the environment, and high cost, which is difficult to meet the needs of large-scale, long-term health monitoring.

[0003] (2) Frequency method (vibration method): This method calculates the tension by measuring the vibration frequency of the cable, which has the advantages of non-contact and simple operation, and is widely used in engineering. However, this method is affected by many factors such as cable stiffness, sag, boundary conditions, and temperature, especially for short cables or cables with high stiffness, the error is significant. The document entitled: "Precise Solution of Cable Force Considering Stiffness and Boundary Conditions" [J]. Vibration and Shock, 2003, (04): 14-16 points out that the calculated tension result is larger when the stiffness is not considered, and the error of short cable can be more than 5%, which needs to be corrected by introducing stiffness and boundary conditions to improve the accuracy.

[0004] (3) Magnetic piezoelectric effect method: In recent years, the tension measurement method based on magnetic piezoelectric effect has gradually attracted attention. This method uses the characteristic that the magnetic permeability of ferromagnetic materials changes under stress, and inversely calculates the tension by measuring the change of magnetic permeability. However, this method still faces problems such as complex excitation magnetic circuit design, difficulty in ensuring uniform magnetization, and obvious temperature drift. The documents entitled: "Development of a New Type of Online Cable Force Sensor" [J]. Instrumentation Technology and Sensor, 2006, (08): 1-2 and "Research on Excitation Magnetic Circuit in Steel Cable Force Measurement Based on Magnetic Piezoelectric Effect" [J]. Journal of Instruments and meters, 2006, (12): 1695-1699 both propose a double excitation double cycle magnetic circuit structure and a pulse DC magnetization method to improve the uniformity of magnetization and the repeatability of measurement, but the theoretical system is not perfect, and there are still problems of instability and adaptability in practical application.

[0005] In summary, the existing tension measurement methods have limitations, especially in terms of precision, stability, applicability and engineering practicability, and there is still room for improvement. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a steel cable tension measurement method for winch operation characteristics, which has high precision, strong pertinence and is convenient for online monitoring. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. The application provides a steel cable tension measurement method for winch operation characteristics, which solves the problems of poor dynamic response, large error and easy environmental influence of existing steel cable tension measurement technology. The application also provides a steel cable tension measurement device for winch operation characteristics.

[0007] Technical scheme: According to the first aspect of the application, a steel cable tension measurement method for winch operation characteristics is provided, which comprises: A plurality of optical fiber clusters are arranged on the winch. One end of the steel cable is connected to the winch, and the other end is fixed to the object to be pulled after passing through the optical fiber clusters in sequence. The optical fiber cluster is obtained through a flexible optical fiber; When the object to be pulled applies a certain tension to the steel cable, each optical fiber cluster will be bent and deformed due to the tension of the steel cable. The stretching length of the current optical fiber cluster is determined based on the tensile coefficient of the flexible optical fiber and the tension applied to the current optical fiber cluster, and the time of laser passing through the current optical fiber cluster is determined. The time of laser passing through both ends of the optical fiber cluster is recorded respectively, so as to determine the time of laser passing through the current optical fiber cluster according to the time difference, and the force of the current optical fiber cluster is obtained. Combined with the characteristic curve of the force and time difference of the flexible optical fiber, the maximum force of the current optical fiber cluster is determined, and the force of the current optical fiber cluster is theoretically verified. The force of each optical fiber cluster is calculated, and then the force is decomposed and the vector sum is solved through the included angle between each optical fiber cluster and the optical cable, and finally the tension along the steel cable is obtained.

[0008] Further, it comprises: The optical fiber cluster is a cylindrical body formed by folding a complete flexible optical fiber multiple times according to a fixed length and fixed by a protective sleeve, and the laser transmitter and the laser receiver are connected to both ends of the flexible optical fiber respectively.

[0009] Further, it comprises: The optical fiber cluster formed by a plurality of flexible optical fibers is arranged on the winch, comprising: Each two fiber clusters are set in a group on the winch, wherein the first fiber cluster is set lower than the second fiber cluster; and the first fiber cluster of the second group is set at the same height as the first fiber cluster of the first group, and the distance between the first fiber cluster of the second group and the second fiber cluster of the first group is the same as the distance between the second fiber cluster of the second group and the second fiber cluster of the first group, and at least three fiber clusters are fixed on the winch.

[0010] Further comprising: One end of the steel cable is connected to the winch, and the other end is sequentially inserted through the fiber clusters and fixed on the object to be towed, comprising: The other end of the steel cable is inserted through the outer periphery of the first fiber cluster, then rises to the outer periphery of the second fiber cluster, and then descends to the outer periphery of the first fiber cluster of the second group, and sequentially passes through other fiber clusters.

[0011] Further comprising: The stretching length of the current fiber cluster is determined based on the stretching coefficient of the flexible fiber and the tension borne by the current fiber cluster, and then the time of the laser passing through the current fiber cluster is represented, comprising: The total length of the current fiber cluster after stretching is represented based on the length of each fold of fiber being stretched, wherein the length of each fold of fiber being stretched is obtained by multiplying the stretching coefficient of the flexible fiber by the force borne by the fold of fiber; The time of the laser passing through the current fiber cluster is represented by the ratio of the total length of the current fiber cluster after stretching to the speed of the laser in the fiber.

[0012] Further comprising: The time of the laser passing through the two ends of the fiber cluster is recorded respectively, so as to determine the time of the laser passing through the current fiber cluster according to the time difference between the two ends, and to obtain the force borne by the current fiber cluster, comprising: Since the time of the laser passing through the stretched fiber is represented by the force borne by the fold of fiber, and the time of the laser passing through the current fiber cluster is obtained again according to the time of emitting the laser and the time of receiving the laser, the force value borne by the current fiber cluster is obtained.

[0013] Further comprising: The maximum force borne by the current fiber cluster is determined by combining the characteristic curve of the force borne by the flexible fiber and the time difference, comprising: Within the range of elastic deformation that the fiber cluster can bear, the greater the time difference, the greater the force; when the fiber reaches the maximum stretching state, the time difference does not increase with the increase of the force, so as to verify the effectiveness of the calculation of the force value borne by the current fiber cluster according to the physical characteristics of the fiber.

[0014] Further comprising: The force of each optical fiber cluster is calculated, and the angle between each optical fiber cluster and the optical cable is decomposed along the force of the steel cable to obtain the tension along the steel cable by vector sum, including: The angle between the force of each optical fiber cluster and the vertical direction is determined, and the tension along the steel cable is obtained by the sum of the sines of the forces of the optical fiber clusters.

[0015] In another aspect, the present application also provides a steel cable tension measuring device for winch operation characteristics, which is installed on the winch and includes optical fiber clusters, a laser generator, a laser receiver and a processor. The optical fiber clusters are obtained by a flexible optical fiber, and a plurality of optical fiber clusters are arranged on the winch, one end of the steel cable is connected to the winch, and the other end is sequentially inserted through the optical fiber clusters and fixed on the object to be towed. When the object to be towed applies a certain tension to the steel cable, each optical fiber cluster will be bent and deformed under the tension of the steel cable, the processor determines the stretching length of the current optical fiber cluster based on the tensile coefficient of the flexible optical fiber and the tension applied to the current optical fiber cluster, and then represents the time of laser passing through the current optical fiber cluster; the laser generator is arranged at the laser transmitter interface of the optical fiber cluster to generate laser, and the laser receiver is connected to the laser receiver interface of the optical fiber cluster to receive laser. The processor is used to record the time of the laser passing through both ends of the optical fiber cluster, so as to determine the time of the laser passing through the current optical fiber cluster according to the time difference, and to obtain the force of the current optical fiber cluster. It is also used to determine the maximum value of the force of the current optical fiber cluster by combining the characteristic curve of the force and the time difference of the flexible optical fiber, and to theoretically verify the force of the current optical fiber cluster. It is also used to calculate the force of each optical fiber cluster, and then decompose the force by the angle between each optical fiber cluster and the optical cable to obtain the tension along the steel cable by vector sum.

[0016] Advantages: Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: (1) The present application uses laser and flexible optical fiber, which is different from traditional pressure sensor and electromagnetic induction sensor. The flexible optical fiber used in the present application is not affected by complex electromagnetic environment, has strong environmental adaptability, and has the advantage of high reliability. According to the characteristics of high precision of laser, the precision of the device for monitoring the tension of the steel cable can be greatly improved. (2) The application utilizes the elastic deformation characteristics of the optical fiber, and performs special structure processing and packaging on the optical fiber. The structure design during the processing is very simple, that is, the optical fiber is folded several times to form the structure design of the optical fiber cluster, so that the force of the steel cable of the winch is measured through the optical fiber cluster. The folding and packaging design is convenient for packaging, can reduce the size of the device, and finally plays a multiple amplification role on the deformation. Since each small section deforms, several sections are several times of the deformation variable. From the whole optical fiber, the longer the variable is, the larger the time difference is, and the higher the measurement accuracy is.

[0017] (3) The application arranges multiple optical fiber clusters in a wave shape on the winch in sequence, which makes it not limited by the size of the steel cable. As long as the optical fiber cluster can be deformed by being hit by the steel cable, the force can be measured without using traditional devices, thereby solving the problems of fear of water, fear of moisture, and fear of electromagnetic interference. In the elastic deformation range of the optical fiber, the larger the angle between every two optical fiber clusters is, the higher the measurement accuracy of the force decomposition of the optical fiber is. Therefore, the multi-point arrangement of the optical fiber cluster can verify the result while measuring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a structure diagram of the optical fiber cluster according to the embodiment of the application; Figure 2 is a diagram of the optical fiber cluster and the elongated optical fiber cluster when the force is applied; Figure 3 is a diagram of the corresponding relationship between the force and the time difference; Figure 4 is a force analysis diagram of the optical fiber cluster and the steel cable; Figure 5 is a diagram of the steel cable tension measuring device according to the running characteristics of the winch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, and not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the protection scope of the application.

[0020] Embodiment one: The embodiment provides a steel cable tension measuring method for the running characteristics of the winch. The method utilizes the high accuracy of laser to improve the measurement accuracy of the steel cable force of the winch, and can solve the problems of poor dynamic response, large error, and easy environmental influence of the existing steel cable tension measuring technology, and includes the following steps: S1 arranges several fiber clusters on a winch, one end of a steel cable is connected with the winch, and the other end is fixed on an object to be towed after penetrating through the fiber clusters in sequence; the fiber clusters are obtained through a flexible optical fiber.

[0021] In this embodiment, the fiber cluster is a cylinder formed by folding a complete flexible optical fiber according to a fixed length multiple times and fixing it with a protective sleeve, and the laser transmitter and the laser receiver are respectively connected to the two ends of the flexible optical fiber.

[0022] As shown in Figure 1 The inside of the fiber cluster is a complete flexible optical fiber with a length of L, which is folded according to a length of d times, and a rubber or other elastic protective sleeve is used to fix and tighten the fiber cluster to form a cylinder. The laser transmitter is connected to the laser transmitter interface of the fiber cluster for generating laser. The laser receiver is connected to the laser receiver interface of the fiber cluster for receiving laser.

[0023] This folding design of the embodiment first facilitates packaging, secondly can reduce the size of the device, and finally plays a role of N times amplification of deformation. Since each small section deforms, N segments are N times of deformation. From the whole optical fiber, the longer the variable is, the greater the time difference is, and the higher the measurement accuracy is.

[0024] Specifically, in this embodiment, every two fiber clusters are arranged on the winch as a group, wherein the height of the first fiber cluster is lower than that of the second fiber cluster, and the vertical distance between the two can be set as desired, but preferably the angle formed between the line segment formed by the first fiber cluster and the second fiber cluster of the first group and the line segment formed by the second fiber cluster of the first group and the first fiber cluster of the second group is obtuse, because the larger the angle between the two fiber clusters is, the higher the measurement accuracy of the force decomposition of the optical fiber is. The height of the first fiber cluster of the second group is the same as that of the first fiber cluster of the first group, and the distance between the first fiber cluster of the second group and the second fiber cluster of the first group is the same as the distance between the second fiber cluster of the second group and the second fiber cluster of the first group, and at least three fiber clusters are fixed on the winch.

[0025] The other end of the steel cable penetrates through the outer periphery of the first fiber cluster, then penetrates through the outer periphery of the second fiber cluster, and then penetrates through the outer periphery of the first fiber cluster of the second group, and so on, so that the steel cable penetrates through the fiber clusters in a wave shape, that is, the fiber clusters are alternately distributed on the upper and lower sides of the steel cable. The number of penetrations depends on the number of fiber clusters.

[0026] S2, when the object to be dragged gives the steel cable a certain tension, each fiber cluster will be bent and deformed under the tension of the steel cable, the stretching length of the current fiber cluster is determined based on the stretching coefficient of the flexible fiber and the tension borne by the current fiber cluster, and then the time for the laser to pass through the current fiber cluster is represented.

[0027] In the embodiment, the total length of the current fiber cluster after stretching is represented based on the length of each optical fiber being stretched, wherein the length of each optical fiber being stretched is obtained by multiplying the stretching coefficient of the flexible fiber by the force borne by the optical fiber; The time for the laser to pass through the current fiber cluster is represented by the ratio of the total length of the current fiber cluster after stretching to the speed of the laser in the fiber.

[0028] Specifically, in the embodiment, when the steel cable bears a tension , the fiber cluster is bent and deformed under the tension of the steel cable, and the bending will cause each segment of the optical cable to be stretched. In the embodiment, the tension borne by the fiber cluster is the resultant force borne by the fiber cluster, and each segment has a stretching deformation of , so the total length of the fiber cluster is , the fiber cluster that is deformed under the force is shown in Figure 2 , and in the embodiment, a mapping relationship between the tension and the deformation is established, that is, different deformations correspond to different forces.

[0029] In a preferred mode, when the fiber cluster is not under force , the optical fiber is not stretched at this time, , so the time for the laser to pass through the fiber is represented as: (1) And if the current fiber cluster is under force , each optical fiber is stretched , is the number of fiber clusters through which the current steel cable passes, c is the speed of the laser in the fiber, so the total length of the flexible fiber corresponding to the current fiber cluster becomes: (2) The time for the laser to pass through the current flexible fiber is: (3) Therefore, formula (2) is substituted into formula (3) to obtain: (4) S3 records the time it takes for the laser to pass through both ends of the fiber cluster, and determines the time it takes for the laser to pass through the current fiber cluster based on the time difference between the two ends, thus obtaining the magnitude of the force on the current fiber cluster. Furthermore, by combining the characteristic curves of the force and time difference of the flexible optical fiber, the maximum value of the force on the current fiber cluster is determined, and the magnitude of the force on the current fiber cluster is theoretically verified.

[0030] In this embodiment, the time it takes for the laser to pass through the stretched optical fiber is obtained by representing the force on the fold of the optical fiber, and the time it takes for the laser to pass through the optical fiber again is obtained based on the laser emission time and laser reception time, thereby obtaining the force value of each fold of the optical fiber.

[0031] In this embodiment, determining the maximum value of the current fiber cluster force by combining the characteristic curves of the stress and time difference of the flexible optical fiber includes: Within the elastic deformation range that the fiber cluster can withstand, a larger time difference indicates a greater force. When the fiber reaches its maximum tensile state, the time difference does not increase with the increase of force, thus verifying the validity of the calculation of the maximum force of the fiber cluster.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the high precision of laser light significantly improves the accuracy of force measurement. The force is calculated using the time difference between the laser generator and receiver, and then, based on the physical properties of the flexible optical fiber, the force... and time difference The corresponding curves between them are as follows Figure 3 As shown, within the elastic deformation range that the fiber cluster can withstand, a larger time difference indicates a greater force; when the fiber reaches its maximum tensile state, the time difference does not increase with the increase of force. Therefore, the effective maximum force measurement value is... .

[0033] Therefore, this embodiment establishes different forces. Time of laser travel through optical fiber The correspondence between them. The laser emitter emits laser light at specific times. The laser receiver receives the laser at the time when The time it takes for the laser to travel through the optical fiber, i.e., the time difference between the laser generator and the receiver, is: (5) Therefore, according to formulas (4) and (5), we get: (6) Therefore, we get: (7) According to the tensile coefficient of flexible optical fiber, Different forces and different stretching lengths, that is Therefore, combining the above formula, we can conclude that: (8) Thus, we have: (9) S4 calculates the force of each fiber cluster, so that the angle between each fiber cluster and the optical cable is decomposed by mechanics along the force of the steel cable, and finally the tension along the steel cable is obtained.

[0034] In this embodiment, a plurality of fiber clusters are selected and arranged alternately on both sides of the steel cable, and the steel cable is between the fiber clusters. The angle between the force of the current fiber cluster and the vertical direction is , which is related to the arrangement and distance between different fiber clusters. The force of the fiber cluster is , and the tension along the steel cable is obtained by mechanical decomposition , as shown in Figure 4 , the force of the steel cable direction is horizontal, which is represented as: (10) This embodiment accurately measures the tension value along the steel cable, which can avoid the breakage of the steel cable when the tension exceeds the bearing range of the steel cable.

[0035] Embodiment two: the present application also provides a steel cable tension measuring device for the operating characteristics of a winch, which is installed on the winch and includes fiber clusters, a laser generator, a laser receiver, a fiber protection sleeve, a housing, a processor, optical fibers, a display and other components, as shown in Figure 5 . The size of the force measured and calculated by the device is displayed in real time by the display. The device and the display are powered by lithium batteries, the device is fixed on the winch by bolts, and the device and the display are connected by a signal optical fiber to realize the transmission of the measurement results.

[0036] Specifically, the fiber cluster is obtained by a flexible optical fiber, and a plurality of fiber clusters are arranged on the winch. One end of the steel cable is connected to the winch, and the other end is fixed on the object to be pulled after being inserted through the fiber clusters in sequence; When the object to be pulled gives the steel cable a certain tension, each fiber cluster will be bent and deformed under the tension of the steel cable. The processor determines the stretching length of the current fiber cluster based on the tensile coefficient of the flexible optical fiber and the tension borne by the current fiber cluster, and then represents the time of laser passing through the current fiber cluster. The laser generator is arranged at the laser transmitter interface of the fiber cluster to generate laser, and the laser receiver is connected to the laser receiver interface of the fiber cluster to receive laser; The processor is used to record the time of the laser passing through both ends of the fiber cluster, so as to determine the time of the laser passing through the current fiber cluster according to the time difference of passing through both ends, and thus obtain the force of the current fiber cluster; Also used to combine the stress and time difference characteristic curve of the flexible optical fiber, determine the maximum value of the current optical fiber cluster stress, and then theoretically check the current optical fiber cluster stress size; Also used to calculate the stress of each optical fiber cluster, so as to obtain the tension along the steel cable by vector sum of the force along the steel cable after mechanical decomposition of the included angle between each optical fiber cluster and the optical cable.

[0037] The specific implementation method of the processor described in the embodiment is similar to the measurement method designed for the steel cable tension measurement method corresponding to the winch operation characteristics, and will not be repeated here.

[0038] In the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. The meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0039] In the present application, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be broadly understood, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] In the present application, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature, which can be direct contact between the first and second features, or indirect contact between the first and second features through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature can be directly above or obliquely above the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature can be directly below or obliquely below the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0041] In the description of the specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific feature, structure, material or characteristic being described is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. The illustrative descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in the specification can be combined and combined with each other in any suitable manner without mutual contradiction.

[0042] Any process or method descriptions or descriptions of the flow diagrams in the specification can be understood as representing code modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logic functions (or steps) in the process, and the various preferred embodiments of the application include additional or different code modules, segments, or portions of code for implementing the application. The various processes and methods described in the specification can be understood as representing a process or method, including the functions specified in the flow diagrams, and the preferred embodiments of the application include additional or different processes or methods, which can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof, as appropriate or desired for a particular application or implementation.

[0043] The logic and / or steps represented in the flow diagrams or otherwise described in the specification, for example, can be considered as a list of executable instructions for implementing the logic function, and the various preferred embodiments of the application include additional or different code modules, segments, or portions of code for implementing the application. The various processes and methods described in the specification can be understood as representing a process or method, including the functions specified in the flow diagrams, and the preferred embodiments of the application include additional or different processes or methods, which can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof, as appropriate or desired for a particular application or implementation.

[0044] It should be understood that parts of the present application can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, a plurality of steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, and as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any or a combination of the following technologies, which are well known in the art: discrete logic circuitry having logic gates for implementing logic functions upon data signals, application specific integrated circuits having appropriate combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGA), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), etc.

[0045] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps carried out by the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by programs instructing relevant hardware, and the programs can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when the programs are executed, one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments is included.

[0046] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated into one processing module, or each unit can exist physically, or two or more units can be integrated into one module. The above integrated module can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. The integrated module, if realized in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, can also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.

[0047] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the tension of steel cables based on the operating characteristics of a winch, characterized in that, The method includes: Several fiber optic clusters are arranged on a winnowing machine. One end of a steel cable is connected to the winnowing machine, and the other end is inserted through the fiber optic clusters and then fixed to the object to be moved. The fiber optic clusters are obtained through a flexible optical fiber. When the object to be dragged exerts a certain tension on the steel cable, each fiber cluster will bend and deform under the tension of the steel cable. The tensile coefficient of the flexible fiber and the tension on the current fiber cluster are used to determine the tensile length of the current fiber cluster, thereby representing the time it takes for the laser to pass through the current fiber cluster. The time it takes for the laser to pass through both ends of the fiber cluster is recorded respectively. The time taken for the laser to pass through the current fiber cluster is determined based on the time difference between the two ends, thereby obtaining the magnitude of the force on the current fiber cluster. By combining the stress and time difference characteristic curves of flexible optical fibers, the maximum value of the current fiber cluster stress is determined, and then the magnitude of the current fiber cluster stress is theoretically verified. The force on each fiber cluster is calculated, and then the force is decomposed and the vector sum is solved by taking the angle between each fiber cluster and the optical cable to finally obtain the tension along the steel cable.

2. The method for measuring the tension of steel cables based on the operating characteristics of a winch, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The optical fiber cluster is a cylinder formed by folding a complete flexible optical fiber multiple times to a fixed length and then fixing it with a protective sleeve. The laser transmitter and laser receiver are respectively connected to the two ends of the flexible optical fiber.

3. The method for measuring the tension of steel cables based on the operating characteristics of a winch, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that... The step of arranging a cluster of flexible optical fibers on a winding machine includes: Two fiber optic clusters are arranged at different heights on the winnowing machine, with the first fiber optic cluster being lower than the second fiber optic cluster. The first fiber optic cluster in the second group is at the same height as the first fiber optic cluster in the first group, and the distance between the first fiber optic cluster in the second group and the second fiber optic cluster in the first group is the same as the distance between the second fiber optic cluster in the second group and the second fiber optic cluster in the first group. At least three fiber optic clusters are fixed on the winnowing machine.

4. The method for measuring the tension of steel cables according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the steel cable is connected to the winch, and the other end is threaded through a fiber optic cluster and fixed to the object to be moved, including: The other end of the steel cable passes through the bottom of the first fiber cluster in the first group, rises to the top of the second fiber cluster, then descends to the bottom of the first fiber cluster in the second group, and passes through other fiber clusters in sequence.

5. The method for measuring the tension of steel cables according to claim 3, characterized in that, The determination of the tensile length of the current fiber cluster based on the tensile coefficient of the flexible optical fiber and the tensile force borne on the current fiber cluster, thereby representing the time it takes for the laser to pass through the current fiber cluster, includes: The total length of the current fiber cluster after stretching is represented by the length of each fold of fiber stretched in the current fiber cluster. The length of each fold of fiber stretched is obtained by multiplying the stretching coefficient of the flexible fiber by the force on that fold of fiber. The time it takes for the laser to pass through the current fiber cluster is expressed as the ratio of the total length of the current fiber cluster after stretching to the speed of the laser in the fiber.

6. The method for measuring the tension of steel cables according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process involves recording the time it takes for the laser to pass through both ends of the fiber cluster, thereby determining the time it takes for the laser to pass through the current fiber cluster based on the time difference between the two ends, and thus obtaining the magnitude of the force on the current fiber cluster. This includes: Since the time it takes for the laser to pass through the stretched optical fiber is obtained by representing the force on the fiber, and the time it takes for the laser to pass through the current fiber cluster is obtained again based on the laser emission time and laser reception time, the force value of the current fiber cluster can be obtained.

7. The method for measuring the tension of steel cables according to claim 6, characterized in that, The characteristic curves of the combined force and time difference of the flexible optical fiber are used to determine the maximum force of the current fiber cluster, including: Within the elastic deformation range that the fiber cluster can withstand, a larger time difference indicates a greater force. When the fiber reaches its maximum tensile state, the time difference does not increase with the increase of force, thus verifying the validity of the calculated force value of the current fiber cluster based on the physical characteristics of the fiber.

8. The method for measuring the tension of steel cables according to claim 7, characterized in that, The calculation of the force on each fiber cluster, followed by decomposing the force into vector sums using the angles between each fiber cluster and the optical cable, ultimately yields the tension along the steel cable, including: The angle between the force on each fiber cluster and the vertical direction is determined, and the tension along the steel cable is obtained by summing the sines of the forces on each fiber cluster.

9. A steel cable tension measuring device for the operating characteristics of a winch, characterized in that, The device is installed on a winch and includes: an optical fiber cluster, a laser generator, a laser receiver, and a processor; The optical fiber cluster is obtained through a flexible optical fiber, and multiple optical fiber clusters are arranged on the winnowing machine. One end of the steel cable is connected to the winnowing machine, and the other end is inserted through the optical fiber clusters in sequence and then fixed to the object to be dragged. When the object to be dragged exerts a certain tension on the steel cable, each fiber cluster will bend and deform under the tension of the steel cable. The processor determines the tensile length of the current fiber cluster based on the tensile coefficient of the flexible fiber and the tension on the current fiber cluster, thereby indicating the time it takes for the laser to pass through the current fiber cluster. The laser generator is set at the laser transmitter interface of the fiber cluster to generate laser light, and the laser receiver is connected to the laser receiver interface of the fiber cluster to receive laser light. The processor is used to record the time it takes for the laser to pass through both ends of the fiber cluster, and then determine the time it takes for the laser to pass through the current fiber cluster based on the time difference between the two ends, thereby obtaining the magnitude of the force on the current fiber cluster. It is also used to combine the stress and time difference characteristic curves of flexible optical fibers to determine the maximum value of the current fiber cluster stress, and then to theoretically verify the magnitude of the current fiber cluster stress. It is also used to calculate the force on each fiber cluster, and then, by using the angle between each fiber cluster and the optical cable, the force is decomposed and the vector sum is solved to finally obtain the tension along the steel cable.

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