Free shrinkage rate measuring device and method based on Bluetooth transmission

Abstract

The invention discloses a free shrinkage rate measuring device and method based on Bluetooth transmission, and relates to the technical field of material performance testing. The device comprises a measurement frame, a displacement measurement module, a main control module and a wireless communication module. The measuring frame adopts a combined structure of a fixing clamp and a counterweight wheel, provides constant tension for a sample, and simulates an unconstrained contraction environment; the displacement measurement module detects the length change of the sample with high precision through a ruler part fixed on the slide rail and a measurement part on the slide block; the main control module automatically calculates the free shrinkage rate; and the wireless communication module transmits the data to an external terminal in real time. Through cooperation of a mechanical structure and an electronic module, full-process automation from measurement, calculation to transmission is achieved, manual reading errors and calculation errors are thoroughly eliminated, the measurement precision and efficiency are remarkably improved, and a complete solution is provided for digital management of a laboratory.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to experimental instruments for measuring the free shrinkage rate of materials, and in particular to a technology that enables automatic data acquisition, calculation and transmission by improving the scale device, introducing Bluetooth reading function and data transmission module. Background Technology

[0002] Existing free shrinkage rate instruments mostly use the traditional method of visually reading the scale for measurement, which has the following main problems: Manually reading length changes by sight introduces subjective errors, resulting in low measurement accuracy.

[0003] The instrument cannot automatically calculate the free shrinkage rate; data must be recorded manually and the calculation is done manually, which is inefficient.

[0004] Measurement data cannot be directly transmitted to the laboratory management system and must be entered manually, which increases the error rate and prolongs the experimental process.

[0005] Traditional ruler reading methods are limited in use in complex environments (such as insufficient lighting or limited instrument position). Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a device and method for measuring free shrinkage rate based on Bluetooth transmission.

[0007] A free shrinkage rate measuring device based on Bluetooth transmission according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises: A measuring frame is used to fix the sample to be tested. One end of the measuring frame is provided with a fixing clamp, and the other end is provided with a counterweight wheel. The measuring frame is provided with a slide rail and a slider that is slidably disposed on the slide rail. The displacement measurement module is used to automatically measure and digitally display the length change value of the sample to be tested. It includes a ruler fixed at both ends on the slide rail and a measuring part for detecting the sample to be tested, which is mounted on the slider. The main control module is electrically connected to the measuring part of the displacement measuring module, and is used to receive the length change value and calculate the free shrinkage rate of the sample under test based on a pre-stored algorithm; The wireless communication module is electrically connected to the main control module and is used to wirelessly transmit the length change value and / or the calculated free contraction rate to an external data processing terminal.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a Bluetooth-based free shrinkage rate measurement device and method have at least the following beneficial effects: First, through the coordinated design of the fixing clamp and the counterweight wheel, on the one hand, rapid and reliable fixation of the sample to be tested is achieved; on the other hand, the constant and gentle tension provided by the counterweight wheel simulates the unconstrained state of the material in actual applications, ensuring a high degree of standardization and accuracy of the free shrinkage rate measurement conditions, and effectively avoiding measurement errors caused by stress concentration of the clamp or uneven human tightening force; second, the ingenious structure of the slide rail and slider, combined with the ruler and measuring parts of the displacement measurement module, constitutes a high-precision, low-friction... The displacement sensing system enables the slider to respond sensitively and smoothly to microscopic length changes in the sample, which are then converted into electrical signals in real time by the measuring unit, greatly improving the accuracy, linearity, and response speed of displacement acquisition. Finally, the deep integration of this mechanical structure with the main control module and wireless communication module realizes full automation and intelligence from sample installation, displacement sensing, data calculation to result transmission. This not only completely liberates operators from tedious visual readings, manual recording, and calculations, significantly improving experimental efficiency, but also eliminates human input errors through wireless transmission, providing a solid technical foundation for the digital and paperless management of the laboratory.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the displacement measurement module includes a digital display scale, which uses an encoder-type slide rail or an optical sensor to read the displacement.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the wireless communication module is a Bluetooth module.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a wired communication interface is provided, which is connected to the main control module and is used as a backup data transmission channel for the wireless communication module.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the wired communication interface is a USB interface.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the main control module includes a microcontroller unit and a built-in memory, the built-in memory being used for temporarily storing measurement data and calculation results.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the algorithm pre-stored in the main control module is: free shrinkage rate = (initial length - final length) / initial length × 100%.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the external data processing terminal is a laboratory information management system, a computer, or a mobile smart device.

[0016] A method for measuring free shrinkage rate according to a second aspect of the present invention is characterized by comprising the following steps: Sample fixing and initial marking steps: Fix one end of the sample to be tested to the measuring frame with the fixing clamp, so that the sample hangs freely, adjust the position of the sample, and determine and record an initial reference point on the scale of the displacement measuring module. This initial reference point corresponds to the initial test length of the sample. Heat treatment step: The sample with initial markings, together with the measuring frame, is placed in an oven and heated to allow the sample to shrink freely. Equilibrium step: Remove the heat-treated sample and measuring frame from the oven and allow them to cool to room temperature. Measurement steps after shrinkage: The balanced measuring device is re-hung; by sliding the slider, the measuring part is aligned with the corresponding actual position point on the scale section of the sample after shrinkage, to read and record the final length value after shrinkage; and Data calculation and transmission steps: The main control module receives the initial length and the final length corresponding to the initial reference point, and automatically calculates the free shrinkage rate of the sample to be tested. The calculation result is transmitted to the external data processing terminal through the wireless communication module.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for measuring free shrinkage rate has at least the following beneficial effects: By introducing a standardized process of "initial reference point marking → heat treatment → room temperature equilibration → post-shrinkage alignment measurement" and combining it with the automated function of the measuring device, multiple beneficial effects are achieved: First, by marking before heating and then measuring, the sequence ensures that the sample shrinks in a completely unconstrained free state, accurately simulating real working conditions and guaranteeing the scientific nature of the measurement principle from a methodological perspective; Second, the key step of equilibration to room temperature after heat treatment effectively eliminates the thermal interference of residual sample temperature on material dimensions and the measuring device, making the final length reading more stable and accurate; Third, the semi-automated operation of manually sliding the slider to align with the post-shrinkage marker cleverly combines the judgment of the human eye with the electrical measurement accuracy of the device, ensuring that the measurement reference accurately corresponds to the actual state of the sample, and fully leveraging the advantages of the device's automatic reading, calculation, and transmission. Ultimately, while significantly improving measurement accuracy and result reliability, it frees operators from the complex process of measurement, significantly improving detection efficiency.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the free shrinkage rate measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a system module connection block diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention; 1. Measuring frame; 2. Fixing clamp; 3. Counterweight wheel; 4. Slide rail; 5. Ruler; 6. Measuring section. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0023] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0024] Reference Figure 1-3 According to a first aspect of the present invention, a Bluetooth-based free shrinkage rate measuring device is characterized in that it comprises: The measuring frame 1 is used to fix the sample to be tested. One end of the measuring frame 1 is equipped with a fixing clamp 2, and the other end is equipped with a counterweight wheel 3. The combination design of the fixing clamp 2 and the counterweight wheel 3 provides a non-rigid fixation method for the sample to be tested. The fixing clamp 2 achieves fast and reliable initial positioning, while the counterweight wheel 3 accurately simulates the real shrinkage environment of the material in an unconstrained state by applying a constant, gentle tension perpendicular to the shrinkage direction. This effectively avoids the measurement deviation caused by stress concentration or uneven fastening force of traditional rigid clamps, thereby significantly improving the standardization and accuracy of free shrinkage rate measurement. The measuring frame 1 is equipped with a slide rail 4 and a slider that slides on the slide rail 4. The precise cooperation between the slide rail 4 and the slider constitutes a high-precision, low-friction guiding and transmission mechanism. This not only ensures that the slider can smoothly and sensitively respond to the microscopic length changes of the sample, providing a stable and reliable installation foundation for the displacement measurement module, but also ensures the linearity and repeatability of displacement acquisition through its excellent linearity. The displacement measurement module is used to automatically measure and digitally display the length change value of the sample under test. It includes a ruler 5 fixedly mounted on the slide rail 4 at both ends and a measuring part 6 mounted on the slider for detecting the sample under test. The parallel fixation of the ruler 5 and the slide rail 4 ensures the consistency of the measurement axis and the deformation direction, eliminating measurement inaccuracies caused by fundamental deviations such as Abbe error from the mechanical structure, and fundamentally guaranteeing the highest accuracy of the data. It realizes the direct coupling and synchronization of displacement sensing and mechanical motion. Any micro-movement of the slider in response to the change in sample length can be captured and converted into an electrical signal in real time by the measuring part 6 without delay and transmission loss, which greatly improves the sensitivity and response speed of the measurement. The main control module, electrically connected to the measuring unit 6 of the displacement measurement module, receives the length change value and calculates the free shrinkage rate of the sample under test based on a pre-stored algorithm. This transforms the traditional discrete operation process, which relies on manual recording and calculation, into a highly integrated and automated intelligent data processing core. The main control module can receive the raw length change electrical signal from the measuring unit 6 in real time and seamlessly. By running a pre-stored standardized calculation program (such as free shrinkage rate ε=(L0-L1) / L0×100%), it completely eliminates transcription errors that may occur during manual recording and logical errors and rounding errors introduced by manual calculation, fundamentally ensuring the accuracy, consistency, and objectivity of the calculation results.

[0025] A wireless communication module, electrically connected to the main control module, is used to wirelessly transmit the length change value and / or the calculated free contraction rate to an external data processing terminal. This wireless transmission establishes a real-time, seamless digital bridge between the measuring device and the external data processing terminal. It enables instant remote transmission and cloud synchronization of measurement data, allowing researchers to remotely monitor the experimental process and ensuring that data is immediately entered into the laboratory information management system for analysis and storage upon generation. This significantly shortens the data flow cycle and substantially improves overall experimental efficiency and the laboratory's digitalization and paperless operation.

[0026] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a Bluetooth-based free shrinkage rate measuring device and method has at least the following beneficial effects: First, through the coordinated design of the fixing clamp 2 and the counterweight wheel 3, on the one hand, rapid and reliable fixation of the sample to be tested is achieved; on the other hand, the constant and gentle tension provided by the counterweight wheel 3 simulates the unconstrained state of the material in actual applications, ensuring a high degree of standardization and accuracy of the free shrinkage rate measurement conditions, and effectively avoiding measurement errors caused by stress concentration of the clamp or uneven human tightening force; second, the ingenious structure of the slide rail 4 and the slider, combined with the ruler 5 and the measuring part 6 of the displacement measurement module, constitutes a high-precision... The low-friction displacement sensing system enables the slider to respond sensitively and smoothly to microscopic length changes in the sample, which are then converted into electrical signals in real time by the measuring unit 6, greatly improving the accuracy, linearity, and response speed of displacement acquisition. Finally, the deep integration of this mechanical structure with the main control module and wireless communication module realizes full-process automation and intelligence from sample installation, displacement sensing, data calculation to result transmission. This not only completely liberates operators from tedious visual readings, manual recording, and calculations, significantly improving experimental efficiency, but also eliminates human input errors through wireless transmission, providing a solid technical foundation for the digital and paperless management of the laboratory.

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the displacement measurement module includes a digital display scale, which uses an encoder-type slide rail 4 or an optical sensor to read the displacement. By employing an encoder-type slide rail 4 or an optical sensor as the core reading mechanism, the precise displacement of the slider is directly converted into a high-precision digital signal through the encoder or optical sensor, fundamentally eliminating human subjective parallax and interpretation errors, and enabling the measurement accuracy to reach the theoretical limit of the instrument itself. Both the digital pulse counting of the encoder and the grating interferometry measurement of the optical sensor have extremely high resolution and repeatability, ensuring that the detection of length changes even at the microscopic scale is equally accurate and reliable.

[0028] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the wireless communication module is a Bluetooth module.

[0029] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a wired communication interface is provided, which is connected to the main control module and serves as a backup data transmission channel for the wireless communication module. By introducing a wired communication interface as a parallel backup channel for wireless transmission, a highly reliable data transmission redundancy mechanism is constructed in the system. When wireless communication is interrupted or unstable due to environmental interference, signal shielding, pairing failure, or insufficient power, the system can immediately switch to wired transmission mode, completely eliminating the risk of data loss due to single-point failure of the communication link, and providing "double insurance" for the integrity and reliability of key experimental data.

[0030] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the wired communication interface is a USB interface.

[0031] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the main control module includes a microcontroller unit and a built-in memory, the built-in memory being used for temporary storage of measurement data and calculation results. The introduction of the microcontroller unit upgrades the device from a simple data acquisition terminal to an intelligent node with local computing and decision-making capabilities. It can run complex control logic and pre-stored algorithms in real time, automatically completing the entire closed-loop processing from raw data reception and free contraction rate calculation to result judgment, without relying on an external computer, truly realizing end-side intelligent measurement. The built-in memory plays a crucial role, establishing a reliable local buffer for measurement data. In the event of unstable or temporarily interrupted wireless transmission signals, this design effectively prevents the loss of any valid data, ensuring the integrity of each set of experimental data. Simultaneously, the stored historical data provides an immutable original data chain for experimental result verification, process traceability, and quality auditing, greatly enhancing the credibility and trustworthiness of the experimental results.

[0032] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the algorithm pre-stored in the main control module is: Free shrinkage rate = (Initial length - Final length) / Initial length × 100%. The industry-standard shrinkage rate calculation formula is directly embedded in the firmware of the main control module, constructing an unchangeable standardized calculation kernel. This ensures that every calculation strictly adheres to the same mathematical benchmark, completely eliminating result deviations caused by formula misuse, careless calculation, or inconsistent rounding rules that may occur during manual calculation, guaranteeing unparalleled accuracy, consistency, and repeatability of the measurement results. Through the pre-stored algorithm and automated execution, the device achieves instantaneous and seamless conversion from raw length data acquisition to final shrinkage rate result output. Experimenters can directly obtain the final, reportable analysis results while obtaining the length measurement value, completely eliminating the tedious and time-consuming intermediate manual calculation and verification steps, reducing the data processing time for a single experiment to almost zero, and greatly improving overall testing efficiency.

[0033] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the external data processing terminal is a laboratory information management system, a computer, or a mobile intelligent device. The external data processing terminal design based on the embodiments of the present invention is compatible with laboratory information management systems (LIMS), computers, and mobile intelligent devices, opening up a direct channel for experimental data from field collection to enterprise-level management. This enables measurement results to be automatically and in real-time integrated into the laboratory's standardized data flow and quality management system, completely eliminating information silos and achieving a leap from single-point measurement to systematic management, greatly improving data traceability and management efficiency.

[0034] A method for measuring free shrinkage rate according to a second aspect of the present invention is characterized by comprising the following steps: Sample fixing and initial marking steps: Fix one end of the sample to be tested to the measuring frame 1 through the fixing clip 2, so that the sample hangs freely, adjust the position of the sample, and determine and record an initial reference point on the ruler 5 of the displacement measuring module. The initial reference point corresponds to the initial test length of the sample. Heat treatment step: The sample with initial marking completed is placed in an oven along with the measuring frame 1 and heated to allow the sample to shrink freely; Equilibrium step: Remove the heat-treated sample and measuring frame 1 from the oven and allow them to cool to room temperature. Measurement steps after shrinkage: The balanced measuring device is re-hung; by sliding the slider, the measuring part 6 is aligned with the corresponding actual position point on the ruler 5 after sample shrinkage, to read and record the final length value after shrinkage; and Data calculation and transmission steps: The main control module receives the initial length and the final length corresponding to the initial reference point, and automatically calculates the free shrinkage rate of the sample to be tested. The calculation result is transmitted to the external data processing terminal through the wireless communication module.

[0035] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for measuring free shrinkage rate has at least the following beneficial effects: By introducing a standardized process of "initial reference point marking → heat treatment → room temperature equilibration → post-shrinkage alignment measurement" and combining it with the automated function of the measuring device, multiple beneficial effects are achieved: First, by marking before heating and then measuring, the sequence ensures that the sample shrinks in a completely unconstrained free state, accurately simulating real working conditions and guaranteeing the scientific nature of the measurement principle from a methodological perspective; Second, the key step of equilibration to room temperature after heat treatment effectively eliminates the thermal interference of residual sample temperature on material dimensions and the measuring device, making the final length reading more stable and accurate; Third, the semi-automated operation of manually sliding the slider to align with the post-shrinkage marker cleverly combines the judgment of the human eye with the electrical measurement accuracy of the device, ensuring that the measurement reference accurately corresponds to the actual state of the sample, and fully leveraging the advantages of the device's automatic reading, calculation, and transmission. Ultimately, while significantly improving measurement accuracy and result reliability, it frees operators from the complex process of measurement, significantly improving detection efficiency.

[0036] The core working principle of the free shrinkage rate measuring device and method described in this invention lies in constructing a closed-loop measurement system that automatically transfers information from changes in physical quantities to digital data. The specific workflow is as follows: 1. Initial Reference Point Establishment and Unconstrained Heat Treatment First, one end of the sample to be tested is fixed with a clamp, allowing it to hang naturally. The initial reference point (e.g., a 50mm graduation) is set and recorded using the displacement measurement module. Then, the entire measuring device is placed in an oven for heat treatment. During this process, the constant, minute tension provided by the counterweight wheel ensures the sample is in an unconstrained, free state, thus realistically simulating the shrinkage environment of materials in actual applications. This is a prerequisite for obtaining an accurate free shrinkage rate.

[0037] 2. Thermal Equilibrium and Precise Alignment Measurement: After heat treatment, the device is removed and allowed to fully equilibrate at room temperature to eliminate interference from thermal deformation on the measurement results. After equilibration, the sample shrinks, and the corresponding scale point at its end will move to a new position (e.g., between 40mm and 48mm). The operator then slides the slider to precisely align the measuring unit with this actual shrinkage point. This design cleverly combines the high accuracy of human eye alignment with the precise guidance of the mechanical system, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement reference.

[0038] 3. Automated Data Processing and Wireless Transmission: When the measuring unit aligns with the contracted position point, the displacement measurement module automatically and accurately reads the final length value. This data is sent to the main control module in real time, which then calls a pre-stored standardized algorithm to automatically calculate the free contraction rate. Finally, the calculation results and raw data are uploaded in real time to external terminals such as the laboratory information management system via a wireless communication module (such as Bluetooth), completely eliminating the need for manual data entry and achieving seamless digital management of measurement data.

[0039] In summary, this invention, through its innovative process of "initial calibration → unconstrained heat treatment → thermal equilibrium → precise alignment measurement → automatic calculation → wireless transmission," deeply integrates precision mechanics, intelligent sensing, and wireless communication technologies, achieving full automation, high precision, and intelligence in the measurement of free contraction rate. This effectively solves many pain points in traditional methods, such as low efficiency, large human error, and inconvenient data management.

[0040] The embodiments described above with reference to the accompanying drawings have been described in detail. However, the embodiments are not limited to those described above. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring free shrinkage rate based on Bluetooth transmission, characterized in that, include: A measuring frame (1) is used to fix the sample to be tested. One end of the measuring frame (1) is provided with a fixing clamp (2) and the other end is provided with a counterweight wheel (3). A slide rail (4) and a slider that is slidably disposed on the slide rail (4) are provided on the measuring frame (1). The displacement measurement module is used to automatically measure and digitally display the length change value of the sample to be tested. It includes a ruler (5) with both ends fixedly installed on the slide rail (4) and a measuring part (6) installed on the slider for detecting the sample to be tested. The main control module is electrically connected to the measuring part (6) of the displacement measuring module, and is used to receive the length change value and calculate the free shrinkage rate of the sample to be tested based on a pre-stored algorithm; The wireless communication module is electrically connected to the main control module and is used to wirelessly transmit the length change value and / or the calculated free contraction rate to an external data processing terminal.

2. The device and method for measuring free shrinkage rate based on Bluetooth transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement measurement module includes a digital display scale, which uses an encoder-type slide rail (4) or an optical sensor to read the displacement.

3. The device and method for measuring free shrinkage rate based on Bluetooth transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless communication module is a Bluetooth module.

4. The device and method for measuring free shrinkage rate based on Bluetooth transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wired communication interface is provided, which is connected to the main control module and serves as a backup data transmission channel for the wireless communication module.

5. The device and method for measuring free shrinkage rate based on Bluetooth transmission according to claim 4, characterized in that: The wired communication interface is a USB interface.

6. The device and method for measuring free shrinkage rate based on Bluetooth transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control module includes a microcontroller unit and a built-in memory, which is used to temporarily store measurement data and calculation results.

7. The device and method for measuring free contraction rate based on Bluetooth transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The algorithm pre-stored in the main control module is: Free contraction rate = (initial length - final length) / initial length × 100%.

8. The device and method for measuring free shrinkage rate based on Bluetooth transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external data processing terminal is a laboratory information management system, a computer, or a mobile smart device.

9. A method for measuring free shrinkage rate, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Sample fixing and initial marking steps: Fix one end of the sample to be tested to the measuring frame (1) through the fixing clip (2), so that the sample hangs freely, adjust the position of the sample and determine and record an initial reference point on the ruler (5) of the displacement measuring module. The initial reference point corresponds to the initial test length of the sample. Heat treatment step: The sample that has been initially marked is placed in an oven along with the measuring frame (1) and heated to allow the sample to shrink freely; Equilibrium step: Remove the heat-treated sample and measuring frame (1) from the oven and let them stand at room temperature to cool to room temperature; Measurement steps after shrinkage: Hang the measuring device that has been balanced up again, and align the measuring part (6) with the actual position point on the ruler part (5) after the sample shrinks by sliding the slider, so as to read and record the final length value after shrinkage; as well as Data calculation and transmission steps: The main control module receives the initial length and the final length corresponding to the initial reference point, and automatically calculates the free shrinkage rate of the sample to be tested. The calculation result is transmitted to the external data processing terminal through the wireless communication module.

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