Self-adaptive laser cutting equipment based on optical inspection

Abstract

The invention discloses self-adaptive laser cutting equipment based on optical inspection, and relates to the technical field of laser cutting equipment, and the self-adaptive laser cutting equipment comprises an adjusting mechanism, a light splitting mechanism and a temperature control mechanism. According to the laser cutting device, a single laser source is separated into cutting laser and heating laser through the light splitting mechanism, high-precision cutting is completed, meanwhile, burrs at a cutting seam are locally heated through the heating laser, rapid cooling is conducted through a swing spraying head in the temperature control mechanism, repeated hot and cold circulation treatment on the burrs is formed, and the cutting efficiency is improved. In the process, obvious thermal stress is generated at the connecting root of the burrs and the workpiece, metal fatigue is caused, and microcracks are formed, so that the burrs are easy to break or fall off, a traditional manual grinding mode is effectively replaced, the deburring efficiency and quality are obviously improved, the surface damage of the workpiece is avoided, and the product quality is improved. According to the integrated design, the two functions of cutting and post-processing can be achieved only through one laser source, the equipment structure is simplified, energy and material consumption is reduced, and therefore the production cost is effectively saved, and resource utilization is optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting equipment technology, specifically to an adaptive laser cutting device based on optical inspection. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting equipment is an industrial processing tool that uses a high-energy-density laser beam to precisely cut workpieces. Its core principle is to focus the laser generated by the laser into an extremely small spot through an optical system, so that the material reaches the melting or vaporization temperature instantly. At the same time, the molten material is blown away with the help of auxiliary gas to achieve the cutting effect. Laser cutting has the characteristics of high precision, high speed, flexible processing and non-contact. It can process a variety of materials such as metals (such as steel, aluminum and copper) and non-metals (acrylic, wood and ceramics). It is widely used in machinery manufacturing, automotive parts, precision electronics, aerospace and handicrafts processing and other fields. It can also realize the automated mass production of complex shapes through computer numerical control programming.

[0003] After the existing laser cutting equipment completes the cutting, a large number of difficult-to-treat burrs are easily generated at the cut or weld of the workpiece. This not only requires a lot of manpower to grind and remove the burrs, but also requires the continuous purchase and consumption of grinding tools and consumables, causing production costs to soar and seriously dragging down production efficiency and delivery cycle. During the cleaning process, the tools are very easy to scratch the precision surface of the workpiece, causing secondary damage and resulting in product downgrading or scrapping. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adaptive laser cutting device based on optical inspection to solve the problem mentioned in the background art where burrs are difficult to handle at the workpiece cut or weld during the actual cutting process.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an adaptive laser cutting device based on optical inspection, comprising: an adjustment mechanism, a beam splitting mechanism, and a temperature control mechanism; The beam splitting mechanism includes a first built-in motor, a mounting sleeve, and multiple beam splitters. The first built-in motor drives the mounting sleeve to rotate, and the multiple beam splitters are evenly distributed along a circular line inside the mounting sleeve to split the main laser into beams in two directions. The temperature control mechanism includes a swing seat, a slot on the surface of the swing seat, a second built-in motor, two first springs, two iron core plates, a push block, and a swing spray head. The second built-in motor drives the swing spray head to swing back and forth. The two iron core plates and the push block are embedded in the slot. The two first springs connect the outer wall of one iron core plate to the inner wall of the slot. The swing spray head is fixed to the outer wall of the push block.

[0006] Preferably, the temperature control mechanism further includes two magnets, a water storage chamber, two buoyancy blocks, two second springs, and two insert rods. The two magnets are symmetrically embedded inside the push block. The two buoyancy blocks are inserted into the water storage chamber and can move up and down. The two second springs are fixedly connected to the mounting groove inside the iron core plate. The two insert rods are fixedly connected to the second springs and are driven to rise and fall by means of the deformation of the second springs.

[0007] Preferably, the temperature control mechanism further includes a first reflector and a second reflector, both of which are fixed inside the swing seat. Through multiple reflections, the lateral heating laser is guided toward the cut kerf. The heating laser is always positioned behind the cutting laser.

[0008] Preferably, the temperature control mechanism further includes a flexible delivery pipe, a short swing arm, a long swing arm, and a connecting seat. The flexible delivery pipe provides cooling water to the swing spray head. The short swing arm is sleeved on the surface of the motor shaft of the second built-in motor and drives the swing spray head to move through the long swing arm and the connecting seat.

[0009] Preferably, the beam splitting mechanism further includes a first built-in motor, a third rotating shaft, a drive gear, an annular block, two gear rings, and two baffles. The third rotating shaft is connected to the drive shaft of the first built-in motor, transmitting the torque of the first built-in motor to the drive gear to make it rotate. The drive gear meshes between the two gear rings. The annular block is fixed to the outer wall of the mounting sleeve, and both baffles are fixed inside the protective shell.

[0010] Preferably, the beam splitting mechanism further includes a set of longitudinal laser holes on the surface and a set of transverse laser holes on the side. The longitudinal laser holes facilitate the intake of the main laser and the emission of the cutting laser, while the transverse laser holes facilitate the emission of the heating laser. The number of longitudinal laser apertures is twice that of transverse laser apertures.

[0011] Preferably, the beam splitting mechanism further includes a transverse support plate, a longitudinal motor, a second rotating shaft, and a protective shell. The longitudinal motor is fixed to the top of the transverse support plate, and the drive shaft of the longitudinal motor is connected to the second rotating shaft. The second rotating shaft is inserted inside the transverse support plate and connected to the top of the protective shell. By rotating the protective shell, it is ensured that the heating laser and cooling water are always sprayed behind the cutting laser.

[0012] Preferably, the beam splitting mechanism further includes a laser generator and a circular groove formed on the inner wall of the protective shell. The laser generator generates the laser required for cutting and heating, and the circular groove cooperates with the annular block to position and guide the protective shell.

[0013] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a main frame, a connecting plate, two guide rails, two sliders, and a movable seat. The connecting plate is installed on one side of the outer wall of the main frame, the two guide rails are installed on one side of the outer wall of the connecting plate, and the two sliders are sleeved on the surface of the guide rails, enabling the movable seat connected thereto to slide up and down.

[0014] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism further includes a horizontal motor, a rack, a first rotating shaft, and a moving gear. The horizontal motor is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the movable seat, the rack is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the connecting plate, the first rotating shaft is connected to the transmission shaft of the horizontal motor, and the first rotating shaft drives the moving gear to rotate. The moving gear meshes with the rack, and when the moving gear rotates, it pushes the movable seat to rise and fall under the guidance of the rack.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: In this invention, a temperature control mechanism is used to achieve cyclic heating and cooling of weld burrs after cutting, which effectively solves the problem of difficult burr removal. The burrs generated by cutting are locally heated by a heating laser, and then cooled quickly by spraying cooling water through an oscillating spray head. This repeated heating and cooling cycle generates significant thermal stress at the root of the burr and the workpiece, leading to metal fatigue and the formation of microcracks. Ultimately, the burrs break off on their own or become very easy to fall off, avoiding the high cost, low efficiency and workpiece surface damage problems caused by traditional manual grinding, and significantly improving production quality and efficiency. The main laser is split into beams in different directions as needed by a beam splitter. The cutting laser is used for high-precision cutting, while the heating laser is used for subsequent deburring. Both processes can be completed without an additional laser. This design simplifies the equipment structure, reduces energy and material consumption, and further optimizes production costs and resource utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the main structure in the adaptive laser cutting device based on optical inspection according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the adjustment mechanism in the adaptive laser cutting device based on optical inspection according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a split view of the adjustment mechanism and beam splitting mechanism in the adaptive laser cutting device based on optical inspection of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the beam splitting mechanism in the adaptive laser cutting device based on optical inspection according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional perspective view of the beam-splitting mechanism in the adaptive laser cutting device based on optical inspection of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the beam-splitting mechanism in the adaptive laser cutting device based on optical inspection of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the mounting sleeve in the adaptive laser cutting device based on optical inspection according to the present invention. Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional plan view of the temperature control mechanism in the adaptive laser cutting equipment based on optical inspection of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional perspective view of the beam splitting mechanism and temperature control mechanism in the adaptive laser cutting equipment based on optical inspection of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of the temperature control mechanism in the adaptive laser cutting equipment based on optical inspection of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the beam splitting mechanism and temperature control mechanism in the adaptive laser cutting equipment based on optical inspection of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged view of structure A in the image.

[0020] In the picture: 1. Adjustment mechanism; 101. Main frame; 102. Connecting plate; 103. Guide rail; 104. Slider; 105. Moving seat; 106. Horizontal motor; 107. Rack; 108. First rotating shaft; 109. Moving gear; 2. Beam splitting mechanism; 201. Transverse support plate; 202. Longitudinal motor; 203. Second rotating shaft; 204. Protective shell; 205. Laser generator; 206. Circular slide groove; 207. First built-in motor; 208. Third rotating shaft; 209. Drive gear; 210. Annular block; 211. Mounting sleeve; 212. Transverse laser aperture; 213. Gear ring; 214. Beam splitter; 215. Longitudinal laser aperture; 216. Baffle; 3. Temperature control mechanism; 301. Swing seat; 302. First reflector; 303. Second reflector; 304. Swing spray head; 305. Flexible delivery pipe; 306. Second built-in motor; 307. Short swing arm; 308. Long swing arm; 309. Connecting seat; 310. Groove; 311. First spring; 312. Iron core plate; 313. Push block; 314. Magnet; 315. Water storage chamber; 316. Buoyancy block; 317. Second spring; 318. Insert rod. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment discloses an adaptive laser cutting device based on optical inspection, including: an adjustment mechanism 1, a beam splitting mechanism 2, and a temperature control mechanism 3. Existing laser cutting devices cannot handle burrs generated during metal cutting, which significantly increases costs and processing time, and the workpiece is also easily damaged during the deburring process.

[0023] In this invention, repeated heating and cooling of the burr makes the connection between the burr and the workpiece extremely weak, facilitating subsequent burr removal. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the beam splitting mechanism 2 includes a first built-in motor 207, a mounting sleeve 211, and multiple beam splitters 214. The first built-in motor 207 drives the mounting sleeve 211 to rotate. The multiple beam splitters 214 are evenly distributed along a circular line within the mounting sleeve 211, splitting the main laser into beams in two directions. The multiple beam splitters 214 are all fixed within the mounting sleeve 211 and rotate synchronously with the mounting sleeve 211. The beam splitter 214 is a prior art technology. Through precise control of the reflection and transmission ratio, the incident light is split into two beams with different directions. When the top laser enters the beam splitter 214, it will be divided into a longitudinal cutting laser and a transverse heating laser. The temperature of the cutting laser is always higher than that of the heating laser. By using the beam splitter 214, only one laser source is needed to complete the two functions of laser cutting and heating that require different temperatures, effectively avoiding the cost increase caused by adding equipment.

[0024] The temperature control mechanism 3 includes a swing seat 301, a slot 310 formed on the surface of the swing seat 301, a second built-in motor 306, two first springs 311, two iron core plates 312, a push block 313, and a swing spray head 304. The second built-in motor 306 drives the swing spray head 304 to swing back and forth. The two iron core plates 312 and the push block 313 are all embedded in the slot 310. The two first springs 311 connect the outer wall of one iron core plate 312 to the inner wall of the slot 310. The swing spray head 304 is fixed to the outer wall of the push block 313. When the swing spray head 304 sprays water onto the bottom weld, it is driven by the second built-in motor 306, causing the push block 313 on one side of the outer wall to move inside the slot 310. At this time, the push block 313 drives the iron core plate 312 on the moving side to move synchronously and squeezes the first spring 311, causing it to push the swing seat 301 to swing in the same direction. The water sprayed from inside the swing seat 301... The thermal laser advances synchronously along the weld seam, always positioned in front of the cooling water, achieving a heating-then-cooling effect. After repeated heating and cooling of the burr through multiple oscillations, the burr expands and contracts frequently. Due to its small size and low heat capacity, its heating and cooling rates are much faster than the thick base workpiece. This generates significant cyclic thermal stress at the root of the burr's connection to the workpiece. The metal develops microcracks at the root due to thermal fatigue, which gradually expand, eventually causing the burr to fracture due to fatigue or become very easy to detach. (The heating laser instantly heats the burr root to 200-400℃ (for steel and other workpieces), followed by rapid cooling to room temperature by the cooling water. This heating and cooling cycle needs to be repeated multiple times. Due to the burr's small size and low heat capacity, its heating and cooling rates are much faster than the workpiece body, resulting in significant cyclic thermal stress at the root, making it extremely easy to detach or even fracture due to fatigue.)

[0025] Furthermore, such as Figure 9As shown, when the swing seat 301 contacts the baffle 216, it can no longer move forward. At this time, the swing spray head 304 continues to spray water. When the swing spray head 304 overlaps with the swing seat 301 and ensures that the heated weld has been completely cooled by water spraying, it stops spraying water. At this time, the swing spray head 304 continues to swing forward. It stops only when the swing spray head 304 contacts the inside of the protective shell 204. At this time, the swing spray head 304 comes to the front of the swing seat 301 and drives the iron core plate 312 to the top of the corresponding water storage chamber 315. The water storage chamber 315 is filled with tap water to ensure that the two buoyancy blocks 316 float on the water surface. When the iron core plate 312 moves, it contacts the inclined surface of the buoyancy block 316 and pushes the buoyancy block 316 down. When the insert rod 318 inside the iron core plate 312 is located at the buoyancy block 316, the second spring 31 is squeezed. 7. The extension begins, pushing the insertion rod 318 down into the insertion hole to fix the iron core plate 312, and further pushing the buoyancy block 316 to squeeze the tap water inside the water storage chamber 315. Due to the incompressibility of the liquid, the buoyancy block 316 on the other side begins to rise under the action of water pressure, pushing the internal insertion rod 318 to rise synchronously and squeezing the second spring 317. At this time, the iron core plate 312 on the other side, without the insertion rod 318 to limit it, will be pushed forward by the compressed first spring 311 and fit against the push block 313. When the swing spray head 304 is driven to rotate in the opposite direction, it drives the swing seat 301 to move in front of it through the iron core plate 312 and the first spring 311 that fit against it. This device not only ensures that every burr in the cutting gap is heated and cooled, but also ensures that the weld is heated and cooled first during repeated swinging with only a simple mechanical structure.

[0026] Furthermore, such as Figure 10 and Figure 12 As shown, the temperature control mechanism 3 also includes two magnets 314, a water storage chamber 315, two buoyancy blocks 316, two second springs 317, and two insert rods 318. The two magnets 314 are symmetrically embedded in the push block 313, which can connect the push block 313 to the corresponding iron core plate 312 by means of magnetic force, and also facilitate the push block 313 to move to one end and separate from the corresponding iron core plate 312. The two buoyancy blocks 316 are inserted into the water storage chamber 315 and can move up and down. Two buoyancy blocks 316 are movably inserted into the water storage chamber 315, and move in opposite directions with the help of internal tap water. Two second springs 317 are fixedly connected to the mounting groove inside the core plate 312. Two insertion rods 318 are fixedly connected to the second springs 317. The deformation of the second springs 317 drives the insertion rods 318 to rise and fall. The second springs 317, through compression and extension, drive the insertion rods 318 to be pulled out and inserted from the water storage chamber 315, thereby achieving the purpose of limiting the position of the core plate 312.

[0027] Furthermore, such as Figure 8As shown, the temperature control mechanism 3 also includes a first reflector 302 and a second reflector 303. Both the first reflector 302 and the second reflector 303 are fixed inside the swing seat 301. Through multiple reflections, the transverse heating laser is guided towards the cut kerf. The heating laser is always located behind the cutting laser. Figure 6 As shown, the heated laser generated after separation is emitted through the transverse laser hole 212 and enters the interior of the swing seat 301 to ensure that the position of the heated laser does not shift. The swing seat 301 and the swing spray head 304 are both movably inserted into the protective shell 204 to achieve the purpose of free swing.

[0028] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the temperature control mechanism 3 also includes a flexible delivery pipe 305, a short swing arm 307, a long swing arm 308, and a connecting seat 309. The flexible delivery pipe 305 provides cooling water to the swing spray head 304. The output end of the flexible delivery pipe 305 is connected to the input end of the swing spray head 304 and is movably inserted into the protective shell 204, facilitating the movement of the swing spray head 304 by pulling the flexible delivery pipe 305. The short swing arm 307 is sleeved on the surface of the motor shaft of the second built-in motor 306 and drives the swing spray head 304 to move through the long swing arm 308 and the connecting seat 309. The long swing arm 308 is movably sleeved on the surface of the short swing arm 307. The connecting seat 309 is movably inserted inside the long swing arm 308. The bottom of the connecting seat 309 is fixedly connected to the top of the swing spray head 304. After the second built-in motor 306 is started, it drives the short swing arm 307 to perform a circular motion. The short swing arm 307 and the long swing arm 308 cooperate with each other. The circular motion is converted into a reciprocating motion, which drives the swinging spray head 304 to swing through the connecting seat 309. (It should be noted that in the initial process of the whole device, the push block 313 is fixed to one side of the swinging spray head 304 and inserted into the swing seat 301, driving the two to swing synchronously. When the swing seat 301 stops at the baffle 216, the swinging spray head 304 continues to move forward. When the swinging spray head 304 stops at the protective shell 204, it triggers the buoyancy block 316 and the insertion rod 318 on one side to lock the current iron core plate 312 and release the other iron core plate 312. The iron core plate 312 is attracted to the outer wall of the push block 313 by the magnet 214. Then, when the swinging spray head 304 moves in the opposite direction, since the iron core plate 312 on one side was locked, the moving push block 313 will break free from the magnetic attraction between the two and drive the swing seat 301 to move in the opposite direction through the other iron core plate 312, thereby realizing automatic reversal.)

[0029] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, the beam splitting mechanism 2 also includes a first built-in motor 207, a third rotating shaft 208, a drive gear 209, an annular block 210, two gear rings 213, and two baffles 216, as follows. Figure 5 As shown, the third rotating shaft 208 is connected to the drive shaft of the first built-in motor 207, transmitting the torque of the first built-in motor 207 to the drive gear 209 to make it rotate. The drive gear 209 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the third rotating shaft 208, as shown. Figure 6 As shown, the drive gear 209 meshes between two gear rings 213. After the drive gear 209 rotates, it drives the mounting sleeve 211 to rotate through the two gear rings 213 meshing with it, thereby adjusting the position of the inner divider 214. Different separation effects are achieved according to the material and thickness to be processed, and the cutting and heating power is adjusted. The annular block 210 is fixed to the outer wall of the mounting sleeve 211, as shown. Figure 9 As shown, both baffles 216 are fixed inside the protective shell 204. The baffles 216 limit the swing angle by preventing the swing seat 301 from continuing to move, thus preventing it from affecting the cutting work in front or heating and cooling other areas, which would waste energy.

[0030] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the beam splitting mechanism 2 also includes a set of longitudinal laser holes 215 on the surface and a set of transverse laser holes 212 on the side. The longitudinal laser holes 215 facilitate the intake of the main laser and the emission of the cutting laser, while the transverse laser holes 212 facilitate the emission of the heating laser. The number of longitudinal laser holes 215 is twice that of transverse laser holes 212. The main laser passes through the longitudinal laser holes 215 from above and is emitted to the top of the corresponding beam splitter 214. It is then split by the beam splitter 214 into a longitudinal cutting laser (emitted from the bottom longitudinal laser hole 215 for cutting) and a transverse heating laser (emitted from the side transverse laser hole 212, which is reflected to heat the burrs at the cut after cutting).

[0031] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the beam splitting mechanism 2 also includes a transverse support plate 201, a longitudinal motor 202, a second rotating shaft 203, and a protective shell 204. The longitudinal motor 202 is fixed to the top of the transverse support plate 201. The drive shaft of the longitudinal motor 202 is connected to the second rotating shaft 203. The second rotating shaft 203 is inserted inside the transverse support plate 201 and connected to the top of the protective shell 204. By rotating the protective shell 204, it is ensured that the heating laser and cooling water are always sprayed behind the cutting laser to avoid the processing position from shifting, which would result in untreated burrs.

[0032] like Figure 5As shown, the beam splitting mechanism 2 also includes a laser generator 205 and a circular groove 206 formed on the inner wall of the protective shell 204. The laser generator 205 is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the protective shell 204. The laser generator 205 generates the laser required for cutting and heating, providing an energy source for the operation. The circular groove 206 cooperates with the annular block 210 to position and guide the protective shell 204, ensuring that the protective shell 204 makes circular motion in a fixed position, thereby changing the position of the beam splitter 214 and adjusting the beam splitting effect.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the adjustment mechanism 1 includes a main frame 101, a connecting plate 102, two guide rails 103, two sliders 104, and a movable seat 105. The connecting plate 102 is installed on one side of the outer wall of the main frame 101. The two guide rails 103 are both installed on one side of the outer wall of the connecting plate 102. The two sliders 104 are both sleeved on the surface of the guide rails 103 and can drive the movable seat 105 connected to them to slide up and down. The position adjustment component and detection component of the main frame 101 are used to change the horizontal position of the cutting laser according to the cutting material, thereby improving the cutting accuracy.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the adjustment mechanism 1 also includes a horizontal motor 106, a rack 107, a first rotating shaft 108, and a moving gear 109. The horizontal motor 106 is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the movable seat 105, and the rack 107 is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the connecting plate 102. The first rotating shaft 108 is connected to the drive shaft of the horizontal motor 106, and the first rotating shaft 108 drives the moving gear 109 to rotate. The moving gear 109 is meshed with the rack 107. When the moving gear 109 rotates, it pushes the movable seat 105 to rise and fall under the guidance of the rack 107. The movable seat 105 is fixedly connected to the horizontal support plate 201, and the movable seat 105 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the two sliders 104. When moving, the distance between the cutting laser and the material can be adjusted to improve the cutting effect and avoid energy waste.

[0035] The entire device can perform deburring on steel plate workpieces after laser cutting. This results in a high burr removal rate while preventing the workpiece temperature from rising below a threshold, effectively avoiding workpiece deformation. Compared to traditional subsequent grinding processes, it significantly improves efficiency and eliminates the risk of surface scratches.

[0036] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive laser cutting apparatus based on optical inspection, characterized in that, It comprises a regulating mechanism (1), a light splitting mechanism (2) and a temperature control mechanism (3). The light splitting mechanism (2) comprises a first built-in motor (207), a mounting sleeve (211) and a plurality of light splitters (214), the first built-in motor (207) drives the mounting sleeve (211) to rotate, and the plurality of light splitters (214) are evenly distributed in the mounting sleeve (211) in the circumferential direction, and the main laser is split into two direction beams. The temperature control mechanism (3) comprises a swing seat (301), a notch (310) formed on the surface of the swing seat (301), a second built-in motor (306), two first springs (311), two iron core plates (312), a push block (313) and a swing spray head (304), the second built-in motor (306) drives the swing spray head (304) to swing back and forth, the two iron core plates (312) and the push block (313) are embedded in the notch (310), the two first springs (311) are connected between the outer wall of the iron core plate (312) and the inner wall of the notch (310), and the swing spray head (304) is fixed to the outer wall of the push block (313).

2. The adaptive laser cutting device based on optical inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control mechanism (3) further comprises two magnets (314), a water storage chamber (315), two buoyancy clamping blocks (316), two second springs (317) and two insertion rods (318), the two magnets (314) are symmetrically embedded in the push block (313), the two buoyancy clamping blocks (316) are inserted into the water storage chamber (315) and can move up and down, the two second springs (317) are fixedly connected in the installation groove in the iron core plate (312), and the two insertion rods (318) are fixedly connected with the second springs (317) and driven to rise and fall by deformation of the second springs (317).

3. The adaptive laser cutting device based on optical inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control mechanism (3) further comprises a first reflector (302) and a second reflector (303), the first reflector (302) and the second reflector (303) are fixed in the swing seat (301), and the transverse heating laser is guided to the cut slot after cutting by multiple reflections. The heating laser is always located behind the cutting laser.

4. The adaptive laser cutting device based on optical inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control mechanism (3) further comprises a flexible conveying pipe (305), a short swing arm (307), a long swing arm (308) and a connecting seat (309), the flexible conveying pipe (305) provides cooling water for the swing spray head (304), the short swing arm (307) is sleeved on the surface of the motor shaft of the second built-in motor (306) and drives the swing spray head (304) to move through the long swing arm (308) and the connecting seat (309).

5. The adaptive laser cutting device based on optical inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spectrometer (2) further comprises a first built-in motor (207), a third rotating shaft (208), a drive gear (209), an annular block (210), two toothed rings (213) and two baffles (216), the third rotating shaft (208) is connected with the drive shaft of the first built-in motor (207), the torque of the first built-in motor (207) is transmitted to the drive gear (209) to make it rotate, the drive gear (209) is engaged in transmission between the two toothed rings (213), the annular block (210) is fixed on the outer wall of the mounting sleeve (211), and the two baffles (216) are fixed in the protection shell (204).

6. The adaptive laser cutting device based on optical inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spectrometer (2) further comprises a group of longitudinal laser holes (215) opened on the surface and a group of transverse laser holes (212) opened on the side, the longitudinal laser holes (215) facilitate the input of the main laser and the emission of the cutting laser, and the transverse laser holes (212) facilitate the emission of the heating laser. The number of the longitudinal laser holes (215) is twice that of the transverse laser holes (212).

7. The adaptive laser cutting device based on optical inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spectrometer (2) further comprises a transverse support plate (201), a longitudinal motor (202), a second rotating shaft (203) and a protection shell (204), the longitudinal motor (202) is fixed on the top of the transverse support plate (201), the transmission shaft of the longitudinal motor (202) is connected with the second rotating shaft (203), the second rotating shaft (203) is inserted into the transverse support plate (201) and connected with the top of the protection shell (204), by rotating the protection shell (204), it is ensured that the heating laser and the cooling water are always sprayed behind the cutting laser.

8. The adaptive laser cutting device based on optical inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spectrometer (2) further comprises a laser generator (205) and a circular chute (206) opened on the inner wall of the protection shell (204), the laser generator (205) generates the laser required for cutting and heating, and the circular chute (206) cooperates with the annular block (210) to position and guide the protection shell (204).

9. The adaptive laser cutting device based on optical inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting mechanism (1) comprises a main frame (101), a connecting plate (102), two guide rails (103), two sliding blocks (104) and a moving seat (105), the connecting plate (102) is installed on one side of the outer wall of the main frame (101), the two guide rails (103) are installed on one side of the outer wall of the connecting plate (102), the two sliding blocks (104) are sleeved on the surface of the guide rail (103) and can drive the moving seat (105) connected therewith to slide up and down.

10. The adaptive laser cutting device based on optical inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting mechanism (1) further comprises a transverse motor (106), a rack (107), a first rotating shaft (108) and a moving gear (109), the transverse motor (106) is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the moving seat (105), the rack (107) is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the connecting plate (102), the first rotating shaft (108) is connected with the transmission shaft of the transverse motor (106), and the first rotating shaft (108) drives the moving gear (109) to rotate, the moving gear (109) is in meshing connection with the rack (107), and the moving gear (109) is pushed to lift the moving seat (105) under the guidance of the rack (107) when rotating.

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