Main reinforcement type workpiece welding tool and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a main reinforcement type workpiece welding tool and a working method, and relates to the field of welding auxiliary equipment. Comprising a supporting turnover mechanism and a welding tool base, the welding tool base comprises a bottom frame, an X-axis moving mechanism and a Y-axis moving mechanism, and the supporting turnover mechanism is fixed to the bottom frame through the X-axis moving mechanism and the Y-axis moving mechanism so as to adjust the plane position; the supporting and overturning mechanism comprises a frame, a rotating shaft, supporting and overturning parts and a telescopic device, the two supporting and overturning parts are oppositely hinged to the frame, opening and closing are achieved by independently controlling the telescopic device, and the supporting and overturning mechanism has an overturning function and two parallel and vertical feeding modes; the supporting and overturning part comprises a hinged base, a supporting strip, electromagnets A and B, a position adjusting mechanism and a movable adsorption adjusting mechanism, the electromagnets adsorb workpieces to enhance the stability, and the position adjusting mechanism and the movable adsorption adjusting mechanism are adaptive to workpieces of different specifications; the working method comprises the steps of feeding, position and angle adjustment, welding and discharging. The tool is high in adaptability, flexible in adjustment, stable in fixation and capable of improving the welding efficiency and quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of workpiece welding auxiliary equipment technology, specifically to a welding fixture for main rib type workpieces, which is particularly suitable for high-precision welding operations of long strip and large diameter main rib type workpieces (such as main ribs of steel skeletons, main shafts of heavy machinery transmission, etc.) in the fields of construction engineering and machinery manufacturing. It can realize multi-position feeding, dynamic position adjustment and stable flipping, and solve the technical problems of poor adaptability, low adjustment accuracy and low operation efficiency of traditional fixtures. Background Technology

[0002] In the welding production of main rib-type workpieces, traditional welding fixtures have many limitations. First, the feeding method is limited, mostly supporting only one of horizontal or vertical feeding. When facing main rib-type workpieces of different specifications and welding scenarios, different fixtures need to be changed, increasing equipment costs and production preparation time. Second, it is inconvenient to adjust the position and angle of the workpiece. Traditional fixtures are mostly fixed structures or can only achieve movement and adjustment in one direction. They cannot flexibly rotate the workpiece angle according to welding requirements, which requires operators to frequently adjust their own position during the welding process. This not only increases labor intensity but may also affect the welding quality due to improper angle adjustment. Furthermore, traditional tooling lacks sufficient stability in fixing workpieces, easily leading to workpiece displacement and wobbling during workpiece flipping, which in turn causes welding deviations and may even cause safety accidents. At the same time, traditional tooling has poor adaptability to main rib workpieces of different lengths and diameters, requiring a significant amount of time for adjustment or component replacement, severely impacting production efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a welding tooling for main rib workpieces that offers multiple feeding methods, flexible adjustment of position and angle, stable fixing, and strong adaptability to solve the aforementioned problems in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a welding fixture for main rib-type workpieces, which solves the defects of existing welding fixtures for main rib-type workpieces in terms of feeding method, position and angle adjustment, fixing stability and adaptability. It realizes the functions of switching between multiple feeding methods, flexibly adjusting the workpiece plane position and flipping angle, stabilizing and fixing the workpiece, and adapting to workpieces of different specifications, thereby improving welding efficiency and quality.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a welding fixture for main rib type workpieces, which includes: a support and flipping mechanism and a welding fixture base; The welding fixture base includes: a bottom frame, an X-axis moving mechanism, a Y-axis moving mechanism, and at least two sets of support and tilting mechanisms. Each of the aforementioned support and flipping mechanisms is fixed to the bottom frame via a Y-axis moving mechanism and an X-axis moving mechanism; the planar position of the support and flipping mechanism on the bottom frame is adjusted via the X-axis moving mechanism and the Y-axis moving mechanism. The support and flipping mechanism includes: a support and flipping mechanism frame, a support and flipping rotation shaft, support and flipping components, and a telescopic device. The support and flipping mechanism frame is mounted on a Y-axis moving mechanism. The two support and flipping components are arranged opposite to each other and are respectively hinged to the two sides of the support and flipping mechanism frame through the two support and flipping rotation shafts. Each support and flipping component is also connected to the support and flipping mechanism frame through a set of telescopic devices. By independently controlling the extension and retraction of the two sets of telescopic devices, the two support and flipping components can open and close around their respective support and flipping rotation shafts, thereby enabling the support and flipping mechanism to have the function of flipping the workpiece and two loading methods: parallel loading and vertical loading. Parallel loading refers to the loading state in which the workpiece is placed horizontally and its axis is parallel to the ground, and vertical loading refers to the loading state in which the workpiece is placed vertically and its axis is perpendicular to the ground.

[0005] Furthermore, the supporting flipping component includes: a hinged base, a support bar, electromagnet A, electromagnet B, a position adjustment mechanism, and a moving adsorption adjustment mechanism; when electromagnet A and electromagnet B are energized, they generate magnetic force to adsorb the workpiece, and when the power is off, they release the adsorption on the workpiece to enhance the stability of the workpiece during flipping. The hinged base is hinged to the support flipping mechanism frame via a support flipping rotation shaft. The movable adsorption adjustment mechanism is fixed on the hinged base, and the end of the movable adsorption adjustment mechanism away from the hinged base is connected to the telescopic device. The support bar is located on one side of the hinge base and is used to support and position the bottom of the workpiece; Electromagnet A and electromagnet B are both fixed on the same side of the hinged base and the movable adsorption adjustment mechanism respectively through a position adjustment mechanism, and are used to adsorb and support the workpiece. The position adjustment mechanism is a telescopic device. The telescopic movement of the position adjustment mechanism drives electromagnets A and B to move closer to or away from the workpiece, so as to achieve the adsorption or release of the workpiece. The movable adsorption adjustment mechanism is a linear slide module. The position of electromagnet B is adjusted according to the length of the workpiece or a fixed position through the linear movement of the movable adsorption adjustment mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, electromagnet A is fixed to the hinged base by a set of position adjustment mechanisms, and the two sides of electromagnet B are fixed to the movable adsorption adjustment mechanism by two sets of position adjustment mechanisms.

[0007] Furthermore, the movable adsorption adjustment mechanism includes: a column, a T-shaped slider, a T-shaped guide rail, a lead screw mechanism, and a movable adsorption drive motor; The column is a hollow structure with slots on both sides, and the screw mechanism is installed inside the column along the length of the column; the movable adsorption drive motor is fixed at one end of the column, and its output shaft is coaxially connected to the end of the screw mechanism. The T-shaped guide rails are arranged on both sides of the hollow groove, so that the T-shaped guide rails on both sides of the hollow groove and the hollow groove of the column form a T-shaped sliding groove. The T-shaped slider is fixed on both sides of the screw nut of the screw mechanism, and the protruding end of the T-shaped slider is slidably set in the T-shaped groove to realize the unidirectional limiting sliding of the T-shaped slider along the length of the column; Electromagnet B is connected to T-shaped sliders on both sides of the column via position adjustment mechanisms. The movement of electromagnet B along the length of the column is controlled by a moving adsorption drive motor.

[0008] Furthermore, the X-axis moving mechanism includes: a linear guide mechanism, a gear and rack mechanism, and a gear drive motor; The Y-axis moving mechanism is slidably mounted on the bottom frame by at least two sets of linear guide rail mechanisms, that is, multiple linear guide rail mechanisms are fixed in parallel at intervals on the bottom frame, and the bottom of the Y-axis moving mechanism is fixedly connected to the slider of the linear guide rail mechanism, so that the Y-axis moving mechanism can slide along the linear guide rail mechanism. The gear and rack mechanism includes: a rack and a drive gear. The rack is fixed to the bottom frame parallel to the linear guide rail mechanism, and the drive gear meshes with the rack. The gear drive motor corresponds one-to-one with the Y-axis moving mechanism. The gear drive motor is fixed on the Y-axis moving mechanism, and its output shaft is coaxially connected to the drive gear. The gear drive motor drives the drive gear to rotate, thereby driving the Y-axis moving mechanism to move along the X-axis. Multiple sets of the Y-axis moving mechanisms share the same set of linear guide rail mechanism and rack.

[0009] Furthermore, the Y-axis moving mechanism includes: a moving base plate, a linear guide mechanism, a lead screw mechanism, a moving drive motor, and a moving platform; The movable base plate is mounted on the X-axis moving mechanism. The movable platform is slidably mounted on the movable base plate through at least two sets of linear guide rail mechanisms. That is, multiple linear guide rail mechanisms are fixed on the movable base plate in parallel at intervals. The bottom of the movable platform is fixedly connected to the slider of the linear guide rail mechanism, so that the movable platform can slide along the linear guide rail mechanism. The mobile platform is used to install and support the tilting mechanism. The lead screw mechanism is arranged between the mobile base plate and the mobile platform along the length direction of the linear guide mechanism, and the lead screw nut of the lead screw mechanism is connected to the mobile platform. The mobile drive motor is fixed to one end of the mobile base plate, and its output shaft is coaxially connected to the end of the lead screw of the lead screw mechanism; the mobile drive motor drives the lead screw to rotate, thereby moving the mobile platform along the Y-axis.

[0010] Furthermore, the telescopic device is a servo electric cylinder.

[0011] A method for using a welding fixture for main rib-type workpieces includes the following steps: 1) Before loading, the positions of electromagnet B on the X-axis moving mechanism, Y-axis moving mechanism, moving adsorption adjustment mechanism, and electromagnet A and electromagnet B on the position adjustment mechanism need to be adjusted according to the specifications of the workpiece. 2) Select the feeding method according to the workpiece: 21) If parallel loading is selected: By controlling the telescopic device of the support flipping component, the support flipping component on one side of the main rib type workpiece welding fixture is in a vertical state, and the support flipping component on the other side is opened to a horizontal state. The workpiece is placed horizontally on the support flipping component in the horizontal state, so that one side of the workpiece is in close contact with the support bar. The electromagnets A and B on the horizontal support flipping component are energized to attract and fix the workpiece. 22) If vertical loading is selected: By controlling the telescopic device of the support flipping component, the two support flipping components of the support flipping mechanism in the welding fixture of the main rib type workpiece are in a vertical state. The workpiece is placed vertically on the support bar of the support flipping component. By controlling the position adjustment mechanism, the electromagnets A and B on the two support flipping components in the support flipping mechanism are tightened to the workpiece. After tightening, the electromagnets A and B that need to be flipped are energized to attract and fix the workpiece. When the vertical upper part is flipped, it is only necessary to control the telescopic device on the support flipping mechanism to control the direction of the support flipping component; When the parallel upper part and the vertical upper part are flipped, when the two supporting flipping components in the supporting flipping mechanism are in the vertical position, the electromagnets A and B on the supporting flipping component on that side will be energized when the flipping is to the side it is to flip. 3) Adjustment during welding position: According to welding requirements, the X-axis moving mechanism drives the Y-axis moving mechanism to move along the X-axis direction, and the Y-axis moving mechanism drives the support flipping mechanism to move along the Y-axis direction to adjust the planar position of the workpiece; if it is necessary to adjust the welding angle of the workpiece, control the extension and retraction of the telescopic device of the support flipping component that adsorbs the workpiece, so that the support flipping component flips around the support flipping rotation axis, and drives the workpiece to flip to the target angle. 4) Welding operations: Keep all parts of the tooling stable and perform welding operations on the welding parts of the workpiece; during the welding process, the workpiece position or angle can be adjusted as needed (3) repeatedly.

[0012] Furthermore, after the welding operation is completed, unloading is required. There are two unloading methods: vertical unloading and horizontal unloading. Choose the corresponding unloading method according to the requirements or match the unloading method according to the loading method. Vertical unloading: By controlling the telescopic device of the support flipping component, the two support flipping components of the support flipping mechanism in the welding fixture of the main rib type workpiece are in a vertical state with the workpiece. Electromagnets A and B on the support flipping mechanism are de-energized, and the control position adjustment mechanism is controlled to move electromagnets A and B away from the workpiece, so that the workpiece after welding can be removed. Horizontal workpiece removal: By controlling the telescopic device of the support and flipping component, one side of the support and flipping mechanism in the welding fixture for main rib-type workpieces is kept in a vertical state and the electromagnets A and B of the support and flipping component are de-energized. The other side of the support and flipping component needs to be opened to a horizontal state and the electromagnets A and B of the support and flipping component are energized to attract and fix the workpiece. After the support and flipping component is in a horizontal state by controlling the telescopic device of the support and flipping component that needs to be opened to a horizontal state, the electromagnets A and B in the support and flipping mechanism are de-energized, and the workpiece after welding can be removed.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 21), when the parallel upper part is flipped for the first time, the telescopic device of the support flipping component is controlled to make the horizontal support flipping component of the main rib type workpiece welding fixture drive the workpiece to a vertical state. At the same time, the position adjustment mechanism in the support flipping component that has always been in a vertical state works, so that the electromagnets A and B in the support flipping component that has always been in a vertical state are tightly attached to the workpiece and energized and attracted and fixed. At this time, the electromagnets A and B on the support flipping component that has flipped from a horizontal state to a vertical state are de-energized, the workpiece is released, and the support flipping component that has always been in a vertical state is controlled to flip by the telescopic device.

[0014] Furthermore, the movable adsorption drive motor, gear drive motor, and movable drive motor are servo motors.

[0015] Furthermore, in a welding fixture for main rib-type workpieces, a telescopic device, a mobile adsorption drive motor, a gear drive motor, and a mobile drive motor are connected to an automated welding system or an automatic control system, and the automated welding system or automatic control system controls the welding fixture for main rib-type workpieces to follow the welding requirements in linkage.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1) It has two loading methods: parallel loading and vertical loading. It can be flexibly selected according to the workpiece specifications and welding scenarios. There is no need to change tooling, which reduces production preparation time and equipment costs. 2) The X-axis and Y-axis moving mechanisms can precisely adjust the planar position of the workpiece, and the support and flipping mechanism can flexibly adjust the flipping angle of the workpiece to meet the angle requirements of different welding parts and improve the welding quality. 3) Electromagnets A and B are used to attract and fix the workpiece, and the positioning function of the support bar is used to enhance the stability of the workpiece during flipping and welding, and prevent the workpiece from shifting. 4) The movable adsorption adjustment mechanism and the position adjustment mechanism can adjust the position and spacing of the electromagnets according to the length, diameter and other specifications of the workpiece, adapt to the main rib workpieces of different specifications, and improve the versatility of the tooling. 5) Servo electric cylinders are used as telescopic devices, combined with gear and rack mechanisms, lead screw mechanisms, etc., to achieve precise control of each mechanism and improve the overall operating accuracy and stability of the tooling; 6) Multi-position feeding and high adaptability: It supports both parallel and vertical feeding methods, and can complete the workpiece posture conversion without additional equipment, which significantly improves its versatility. 7) The position and angle of the workpiece can be dynamically adjusted during the welding process without pausing welding, which improves efficiency and ensures welding quality; the tooling adjustment is highly automated, requiring no manual intervention, reducing the welding time of a single workpiece and significantly improving production efficiency; 8) Through the design of "independent drive of supporting flipping components + multi-component collaborative control", the limitations of traditional tooling of single feeding and manual adjustment are broken through, and the full process of "feeding-adjustment-welding-unloading" is automated; the T-shaped slide and T-shaped slider of the moving adsorption adjustment component solve the technical problem of high-precision movement of electromagnet along the axial direction; the multi-set Y-axis shared rack design of the X-axis moving mechanism ensures synchronization while simplifying the structure and reducing costs, which has outstanding creativity. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention in use; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side structure of the present invention in use; Figure 4 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention in use; Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the welding fixture base; Figure 6 A three-dimensional structural diagram supporting the flipping mechanism; Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram of the supporting flipping component; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the vertical position of the upper vertical component, the lower vertical component, or the support flipping component on the support flipping mechanism when the present invention is in use. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the horizontal upper part, horizontal lower part, or flipped state when the present invention is in use. Figure 1 ; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the horizontal upper part, horizontal lower part, or flipped state when the present invention is in use. Figure 2 ; In the diagram: 1. Supporting flipping mechanism; 11. Supporting flipping mechanism frame; 12. Supporting flipping rotation axis; 13. Supporting flipping component; 131. Hinge base; 132. Support bar; 133. Electromagnet A; 134. Electromagnet B; 135. Position adjustment mechanism; 136. Moving adsorption adjustment mechanism; 1361. Column; 1362. T-slider; 1363. T-rail; 1364. Moving adsorption drive motor; 14. Telescopic device; 2. Welding fixture base; 21. X-axis moving mechanism; 211. Gear and rack mechanism; 212. Gear drive motor; 22. Y-axis moving mechanism; 221. Moving base plate; 222. Moving drive motor; 223. Moving platform; 23. Bottom frame; 3. Linear guide rail mechanism; 4. Screw mechanism; 5. Workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] like Figure 1-10 As shown, a welding fixture for a main rib type workpiece includes: a support and flipping mechanism 1 and a welding fixture base 2. The welding fixture base 2 includes: a bottom frame 23, an X-axis moving mechanism 21, and a Y-axis moving mechanism 22. The support flipping mechanism 1 has two, three, four, five, or six sets. In this example, two sets are used as an example. Both sets of support and flipping mechanisms 1 are fixed to the bottom frame 23 by Y-axis moving mechanism 22 and X-axis moving mechanism 21; the planar position of support and flipping mechanism 1 on the bottom frame 23 is adjusted by X-axis moving mechanism 21 and Y-axis moving mechanism 22. like Figure 1-4As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the support and flipping mechanism 1 includes: a support and flipping mechanism 1 frame, a support and flipping rotation shaft 12, support and flipping components 13, and a telescopic device 14. The support and flipping mechanism 1 frame is mounted on the Y-axis moving mechanism 22. The two support and flipping components 13 are arranged opposite to each other and are respectively hinged to the two sides of the support and flipping mechanism 1 frame through the two support and flipping rotation shafts 12. Each support and flipping component 13 is also connected to the support and flipping mechanism 1 frame through a set of telescopic devices 14. By independently controlling the extension and retraction of the two sets of telescopic devices 14, the two support and flipping components 13 can open and close around their respective support and flipping rotation shafts 12, thereby enabling the support and flipping mechanism 1 to have the function of flipping the workpiece 5 and two loading methods: parallel loading and vertical loading. Parallel loading is the loading state in which the workpiece 5 is placed horizontally and its axis is parallel to the ground, and vertical loading is the loading state in which the workpiece 5 is placed vertically and its axis is perpendicular to the ground.

[0021] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown in Figures 4 and 6, the two ends of the telescopic device 14 are respectively hinged to the frame of the support and flipping mechanism 1 and the support and flipping component 13.

[0022] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in 3, 4, 6, and 7, the supporting flipping component 13 includes: a hinged base 131, a support bar 132, an electromagnet A133, an electromagnet B134, a position adjustment mechanism 135, and a moving adsorption adjustment mechanism 136; when the electromagnet A133 and electromagnet B134 are energized, they generate magnetic force to adsorb the workpiece 5, and when the power is off, they release the adsorption on the workpiece 5 to enhance the stability of the workpiece 5 when flipping. The hinged base 131 is hinged to the frame of the support flipping mechanism 1 via the support flipping rotation shaft 12. The movable adsorption adjustment mechanism 136 is fixed on the hinged base 131, and the end of the movable adsorption adjustment mechanism 136 away from the hinged base 131 is connected to the telescopic device 14. The support bar 132 is provided on one side of the hinge base 131 to support and position the bottom of the workpiece 5; Electromagnets A133 and B134 are fixed on the same side of the hinge base 131 and the movable adsorption adjustment mechanism 136 respectively through the position adjustment mechanism 135, and are used to adsorb and support the workpiece 5. The position adjustment mechanism 135 is a telescopic device 14. The telescopic movement of the position adjustment mechanism 135 drives the electromagnets A133 and B134 to approach or move away from the workpiece 5, so as to achieve the attraction or release of the workpiece 5. The movable adsorption adjustment mechanism 136 is a linear slide module. The position of the electromagnet B134 is adjusted according to the length of the workpiece 5 or the fixed position through the linear movement of the movable adsorption adjustment mechanism 136.

[0023] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3, 4, 6, and 7, electromagnet A133 is fixed to the hinged base 131 by a set of position adjustment mechanisms 135, and the two sides of electromagnet B134 are fixed to the movable adsorption adjustment mechanism 136 by two sets of position adjustment mechanisms 135.

[0024] like Figure 1-4 As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the movable adsorption adjustment mechanism 136 includes: a column 1361, a T-shaped slider 1362, a T-shaped guide rail 1363, a lead screw mechanism 4, and a movable adsorption drive motor 1364. The column 1361 is a hollow structure with slots on both sides. The lead screw mechanism 4 is installed inside the column 1361 along its length. The movable adsorption drive motor 1364 is fixed at one end of the column 1361, and its output shaft is coaxially connected to the end of the lead screw of the lead screw mechanism 4. The lead screw in the lead screw mechanism 4 is installed inside the column 1361 through a bearing seat. The lead screw nut in the lead screw mechanism 4 is connected to two sets of position adjustment mechanisms 135 on both sides of the electromagnet B134 through a T-shaped slider 1362. T-shaped guide rails 1363 are set on both sides of the hollow groove, so that the T-shaped guide rails 1363 on both sides of the hollow groove and the hollow groove of the column 1361 form a T-shaped sliding groove. T-shaped slider 1362 is fixed on both sides of the screw nut of the screw mechanism 4, and the protruding end of T-shaped slider 1362 is slidably set in T-shaped groove to realize the unidirectional limiting sliding of T-shaped slider 1362 along the length direction of column 1361; The electromagnet B134 is connected to the T-shaped sliders 1362 on both sides of the column 1361 via the position adjustment mechanism 135. The electromagnet B134 is controlled to move along the length of the column 1361 by the moving adsorption drive motor 1364.

[0025] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the X-axis moving mechanism 21 includes: a linear guide mechanism 3, a gear and rack mechanism 211, and a gear drive motor 212; The Y-axis moving mechanism 22 is slidably mounted on the bottom frame 23 by two, three, four, five or six sets of linear guide mechanisms 3. In this example, two sets are used as an example, that is, two linear guide mechanisms 3 are fixedly fixed on the bottom frame 23 in parallel intervals. The bottom of the Y-axis moving mechanism 22 is fixedly connected to the slider of the linear guide mechanism 3, so that the Y-axis moving mechanism 22 can slide along the linear guide mechanism 3. The gear and rack mechanism 211 includes: a rack and a drive gear. The rack is fixed to the bottom frame 23 parallel to the linear guide rail mechanism 3, and the drive gear meshes with the rack. The gear drive motor 212 corresponds to the Y-axis moving mechanism 22 one by one. The gear drive motor 212 is fixed on the Y-axis moving mechanism 22, and its output shaft is coaxially connected to the drive gear. The gear drive motor 212 drives the drive gear to rotate, thereby driving the Y-axis moving mechanism 22 to move along the X-axis. Multiple sets of Y-axis moving mechanisms 22 share the same set of linear guide mechanisms 3 and racks.

[0026] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the Y-axis moving mechanism 22 includes: a moving base plate 221, a linear guide mechanism 3, a lead screw mechanism 4, a moving drive motor 222, and a moving platform 223; The movable base plate 221 is mounted on the X-axis moving mechanism 21, and the movable platform 223 is slidably mounted on the movable base plate 221 via two, three, four, five, or six linear guide rail mechanisms 3. In this example, two sets are used as an example. That is, the two linear guide rail mechanisms 3 are fixed in parallel at intervals on the movable base plate 221, and the bottom of the movable platform 223 is fixedly connected to the slider of the linear guide rail mechanism 3, so that the movable platform 223 can slide along the linear guide rail mechanism 3. The mobile platform 223 is used to install and support the flipping mechanism 1. The lead screw mechanism 4 is arranged between the mobile base plate 221 and the mobile platform 223 along the length direction of the linear guide rail mechanism 3. The lead screw in the lead screw mechanism 4 is installed on the mobile base plate 221 through a bearing seat. The lead screw nut of the lead screw mechanism 4 is connected to the mobile platform 223. The mobile drive motor 222 is fixed to one end of the mobile base plate 221, and its output shaft is coaxially connected to the end of the lead screw of the lead screw mechanism 4. The mobile drive motor 222 drives the lead screw to rotate, thereby driving the mobile platform 223 to move along the Y-axis.

[0027] The telescopic device 14 is a servo electric cylinder; the moving adsorption drive motor 1364, gear drive motor 212, and moving drive motor 222 are servo motors.

[0028] A working method for welding fixtures for main rib type workpieces, such as... Figure 1-10 As shown, it includes the following steps: 1) Before loading, the positions of electromagnets B134 on the X-axis moving mechanism 21, Y-axis moving mechanism 22, moving adsorption adjustment mechanism 136, and position of electromagnets A133 and B134 on the position adjustment mechanism 135 need to be adjusted according to the specifications of workpiece 5. 2) Select the feeding method according to workpiece 5: 21) If parallel loading is selected: By controlling the telescopic device 14 of the support flipping component 13, the support flipping component 13 on one side of the main rib type workpiece 5 welding fixture is in a vertical state, and the support flipping component 13 on the other side is opened to a horizontal state. The workpiece 5 is placed horizontally on the support flipping component 13 in the horizontal state, so that one side of the workpiece 5 is in close contact with the support bar 132, and the electromagnets A133 and B134 on the horizontal support flipping component 13 are energized to attract and fix the workpiece 5. 22) If vertical loading is selected: By controlling the telescopic device 14 of the support flipping component 13, the two support flipping components 13 of the support flipping mechanism 1 in the welding fixture of the main rib type workpiece 5 are in a vertical state. The workpiece 5 is placed vertically on the support bar 132 of the support flipping component 13. By controlling the position adjustment mechanism 135, the electromagnets A133 and B134 on the two support flipping components 13 in the support flipping mechanism 1 are tightened to the workpiece 5. After tightening, the electromagnets A133 and B134 that need to be flipped are energized to attract and fix the workpiece 5. When the vertical upper part is flipped, it is only necessary to control the telescopic device 14 on the support flipping mechanism 1 to control the direction of the support flipping component 13; When the parallel upper part and the vertical upper part are flipped, when the two supporting flipping parts 13 in the supporting flipping mechanism 1 are in the vertical position, the electromagnets A133 and B134 on the supporting flipping part 13 on that side are energized. 3) Adjustment during welding position: According to welding requirements, the X-axis moving mechanism 21 drives the Y-axis moving mechanism 22 to move along the X-axis direction, and the Y-axis moving mechanism 22 drives the support flipping mechanism 1 to move along the Y-axis direction to adjust the planar position of the workpiece 5; if it is necessary to adjust the welding angle of the workpiece 5, control the extension and retraction of the telescopic device 14 for flipping the support flipping component 13 that adsorbs the workpiece 5, so that the support flipping component 13 flips around the support flipping rotation axis 12, and drives the workpiece 5 to flip to the target angle; 4) Welding operations: Keep all parts of the tooling stable and perform welding operations on the welding parts of workpiece 5; during the welding process, the position or angle of workpiece 5 can be adjusted as needed by repeating step 3).

[0029] Furthermore, after the welding operation is completed, unloading is required. There are two unloading methods: vertical unloading and horizontal unloading. Choose the corresponding unloading method according to the requirements or match the unloading method according to the loading method. Vertical lowering: By controlling the telescopic device 14 of the support flipping component 13, the two support flipping components 13 of the support flipping mechanism 1 and the workpiece 5 in the welding fixture of the main rib type workpiece 5 are in a vertical state. The electromagnets A133 and B134 on the support flipping mechanism 1 are de-energized, and the control position adjustment mechanism 135 is controlled to move the electromagnets A133 and B134 in the support flipping mechanism 1 away from the workpiece 5, so that the workpiece 5 after welding can be removed. Horizontal lowering: By controlling the telescopic device 14 of the support flipping component 13, one side of the support flipping mechanism 1 in the welding fixture of the main rib type workpiece 5 is kept in a vertical state and the electromagnets A133 and B134 of the support flipping component 13 are de-energized. The other side of the support flipping component 13 needs to be opened to a horizontal state and the electromagnets A133 and B134 of the support flipping component 13 are energized to attract and fix the workpiece 5. After the support flipping component 13 is in a horizontal state by controlling the telescopic device 14 of the support flipping component 13 that needs to be opened to a horizontal state, the electromagnets A133 and B134 in the support flipping mechanism 1 are de-energized, and the workpiece 5 after welding can be removed.

[0030] Furthermore, in step 21), when the parallel upper part is initially flipped, the telescopic device 14 of the support flipping component 13 is controlled to make the horizontal support flipping component 13 of the support flipping mechanism 1 in the welding fixture of the main rib type workpiece 5 drive the workpiece 5 to a vertical state. At the same time, the position adjustment mechanism 135 in the support flipping component 13, which has always been in a vertical state, works, so that the electromagnets A133 and B134 in the support flipping component 13, which has always been in a vertical state, are tightly attached to the workpiece 5 and are energized and attracted and fixed. At this time, the electromagnets A133 and B134 on the support flipping component 13, which has been flipped from a horizontal state to a vertical state, are de-energized, and the workpiece 5 is released. The support flipping component 13, which has always been in a vertical state, is controlled to flip by the telescopic device 14.

[0031] Furthermore, the telescopic device 14, the moving adsorption drive motor 1364, the gear drive motor 212, and the moving drive motor 222 in the welding fixture of the main rib type workpiece 5 are connected to an automated welding system or an automatic control system, and the automated welding system or automatic control system controls the welding fixture of the main rib type workpiece 5 to follow the welding requirements in linkage.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding fixture for main rib-type workpieces, characterized in that, include: Supporting the flipping mechanism and welding fixture base, The welding fixture base includes: a bottom frame, an X-axis moving mechanism, a Y-axis moving mechanism, and at least two sets of support and tilting mechanisms. Each of the aforementioned support and flipping mechanisms is fixed to the bottom frame via a Y-axis moving mechanism and an X-axis moving mechanism; the planar position of the support and flipping mechanism on the bottom frame is adjusted via the X-axis moving mechanism and the Y-axis moving mechanism. The support and flipping mechanism includes: a support and flipping mechanism frame, a support and flipping rotation shaft, support and flipping components, and a telescopic device. The support and flipping mechanism frame is mounted on a Y-axis moving mechanism. The two support and flipping components are arranged opposite to each other and are respectively hinged to the two sides of the support and flipping mechanism frame through the two support and flipping rotation shafts. Each support and flipping component is also connected to the support and flipping mechanism frame through a set of telescopic devices. By independently controlling the extension and retraction of the two sets of telescopic devices, the two support and flipping components can open and close around their respective support and flipping rotation shafts, thereby enabling the support and flipping mechanism to have the function of flipping the workpiece and two loading methods: parallel loading and vertical loading. Parallel loading refers to the loading state in which the workpiece is placed horizontally and its axis is parallel to the ground, and vertical loading refers to the loading state in which the workpiece is placed vertically and its axis is perpendicular to the ground.

2. The welding fixture for main rib-type workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting flipping component includes: a hinged base, a support bar, electromagnet A, electromagnet B, a position adjustment mechanism, and a moving adsorption adjustment mechanism; when electromagnet A and electromagnet B are energized, they generate magnetic force to adsorb the workpiece, and when the power is off, they release the adsorption on the workpiece to enhance the stability of the workpiece during flipping. The hinged base is hinged to the support flipping mechanism frame via a support flipping rotation shaft. The movable adsorption adjustment mechanism is fixed on the hinged base, and the end of the movable adsorption adjustment mechanism away from the hinged base is connected to the telescopic device. The support bar is located on one side of the hinge base and is used to support and position the bottom of the workpiece; Electromagnet A and electromagnet B are both fixed on the same side of the hinged base and the movable adsorption adjustment mechanism respectively through a position adjustment mechanism, and are used to adsorb and support the workpiece. The position adjustment mechanism is a telescopic device. The telescopic movement of the position adjustment mechanism drives electromagnets A and B to move closer to or away from the workpiece, so as to achieve the adsorption or release of the workpiece. The movable adsorption adjustment mechanism is a linear slide module. The position of electromagnet B is adjusted according to the length of the workpiece or a fixed position through the linear movement of the movable adsorption adjustment mechanism.

3. The welding fixture for main rib-type workpieces according to claim 2, characterized in that, Electromagnet A is fixed to the hinged base by a set of position adjustment mechanisms, and the two sides of electromagnet B are fixed to the movable adsorption adjustment mechanism by two sets of position adjustment mechanisms.

4. The welding fixture for main rib-type workpieces according to claim 3, characterized in that, The movable adsorption adjustment mechanism includes: a column, a T-shaped slider, a T-shaped guide rail, a lead screw mechanism, and a movable adsorption drive motor; The column is a hollow structure with slots on both sides, and the screw mechanism is installed inside the column along the length of the column; the movable adsorption drive motor is fixed at one end of the column, and its output shaft is coaxially connected to the end of the screw mechanism. The T-shaped guide rails are arranged on both sides of the hollow groove, so that the T-shaped guide rails on both sides of the hollow groove and the hollow groove of the column form a T-shaped sliding groove. The T-shaped slider is fixed on both sides of the screw nut of the screw mechanism, and the protruding end of the T-shaped slider is slidably set in the T-shaped groove to realize the unidirectional limiting sliding of the T-shaped slider along the length of the column; Electromagnet B is connected to T-shaped sliders on both sides of the column via position adjustment mechanisms. The movement of electromagnet B along the length of the column is controlled by a moving adsorption drive motor.

5. The welding fixture for main rib-type workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The X-axis moving mechanism includes: a linear guide mechanism, a gear and rack mechanism, and a gear drive motor; The Y-axis moving mechanism is slidably mounted on the bottom frame by at least two sets of linear guide rail mechanisms, that is, multiple linear guide rail mechanisms are fixed in parallel at intervals on the bottom frame, and the bottom of the Y-axis moving mechanism is fixedly connected to the slider of the linear guide rail mechanism, so that the Y-axis moving mechanism can slide along the linear guide rail mechanism. The gear and rack mechanism includes: a rack and a drive gear. The rack is fixed to the bottom frame parallel to the linear guide rail mechanism, and the drive gear meshes with the rack. The gear drive motor corresponds one-to-one with the Y-axis moving mechanism. The gear drive motor is fixed on the Y-axis moving mechanism, and its output shaft is coaxially connected to the drive gear. The gear drive motor drives the drive gear to rotate, thereby driving the Y-axis moving mechanism to move along the X-axis. Multiple sets of the Y-axis moving mechanisms share the same set of linear guide rail mechanism and rack.

6. The welding fixture for main rib-type workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Y-axis moving mechanism includes: a moving base plate, a linear guide mechanism, a lead screw mechanism, a moving drive motor, and a moving platform; The movable base plate is mounted on the X-axis moving mechanism. The movable platform is slidably mounted on the movable base plate through at least two sets of linear guide rail mechanisms. That is, multiple linear guide rail mechanisms are fixed on the movable base plate in parallel at intervals. The bottom of the movable platform is fixedly connected to the slider of the linear guide rail mechanism, so that the movable platform can slide along the linear guide rail mechanism. The mobile platform is used to install and support the tilting mechanism. The lead screw mechanism is arranged between the mobile base plate and the mobile platform along the length direction of the linear guide mechanism, and the lead screw nut of the lead screw mechanism is connected to the mobile platform. The mobile drive motor is fixed to one end of the mobile base plate, and its output shaft is coaxially connected to the end of the lead screw of the lead screw mechanism; the mobile drive motor drives the lead screw to rotate, thereby moving the mobile platform along the Y-axis.

7. The welding fixture for main rib type workpieces according to claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic device is a servo electric cylinder.

8. A working method for a welding fixture for a main rib type workpiece according to any one of claims 2-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Before loading, the positions of electromagnet B on the X-axis moving mechanism, Y-axis moving mechanism, moving adsorption adjustment mechanism, and electromagnet A and electromagnet B on the position adjustment mechanism need to be adjusted according to the specifications of the workpiece. 2) Select the feeding method according to the workpiece: 21) If parallel loading is selected: By controlling the telescopic device of the support flipping component, the support flipping component on one side of the main rib type workpiece welding fixture is in a vertical state, and the support flipping component on the other side is opened to a horizontal state. The workpiece is placed horizontally on the support flipping component in the horizontal state, so that one side of the workpiece is in close contact with the support bar. The electromagnets A and B on the horizontal support flipping component are energized to attract and fix the workpiece. 22) If vertical loading is selected: By controlling the telescopic device of the support flipping component, the two support flipping components of the support flipping mechanism in the welding fixture of the main rib type workpiece are in a vertical state. The workpiece is placed vertically on the support bar of the support flipping component. By controlling the position adjustment mechanism, the electromagnets A and B on the two support flipping components in the support flipping mechanism are tightened to the workpiece. After tightening, the electromagnets A and B that need to be flipped are energized to attract and fix the workpiece. When the vertical upper part is flipped, it is only necessary to control the telescopic device on the support flipping mechanism to control the direction of the support flipping component; When the parallel upper part and the vertical upper part are flipped, when the two supporting flipping components in the supporting flipping mechanism are in the vertical position, the electromagnets A and B on the supporting flipping component on that side will be energized when the flipping is to the side it is to flip. 3) Adjustment during welding: According to welding requirements, the X-axis moving mechanism drives the Y-axis moving mechanism to move along the X-axis direction, and the Y-axis moving mechanism drives the support flipping mechanism to move along the Y-axis direction to adjust the planar position of the workpiece; If it is necessary to adjust the welding angle of the workpiece, control the extension and retraction of the telescopic device for the support and flipping component that adsorbs the workpiece, so that the support and flipping component flips around the support and flipping rotation axis, and drives the workpiece to flip to the target angle. 4) Welding operations: Keep all parts of the tooling stable and perform welding operations on the welding parts of the workpiece; during the welding process, the workpiece position or angle can be adjusted as needed (3) repeatedly.

9. The working method of the welding fixture for main rib-type workpieces according to claim 8, characterized in that, After welding is completed, unloading is required. There are two unloading methods: vertical unloading and horizontal unloading. Choose the appropriate unloading method according to the requirements or match the unloading method according to the loading method. Vertical unloading: By controlling the telescopic device of the support flipping component, the two support flipping components of the support flipping mechanism in the welding fixture of the main rib type workpiece are in a vertical state with the workpiece. Electromagnets A and B on the support flipping mechanism are de-energized, and the control position adjustment mechanism is controlled to move electromagnets A and B away from the workpiece, so that the workpiece after welding can be removed. Horizontal workpiece removal: By controlling the telescopic device of the support and flipping component, one side of the support and flipping mechanism in the welding fixture for main rib-type workpieces is kept in a vertical state and the electromagnets A and B of the support and flipping component are de-energized. The other side of the support and flipping component needs to be opened to a horizontal state and the electromagnets A and B of the support and flipping component are energized to attract and fix the workpiece. After the support and flipping component is in a horizontal state by controlling the telescopic device of the support and flipping component that needs to be opened to a horizontal state, the electromagnets A and B in the support and flipping mechanism are de-energized, and the workpiece after welding can be removed.

10. The working method of the welding fixture for main rib type workpieces according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step 21), when the parallel upper part is flipped for the first time, the telescopic device of the support flipping component is controlled to make the horizontal support flipping component of the main rib type workpiece welding fixture drive the workpiece to a vertical state. At the same time, the position adjustment mechanism in the support flipping component that has always been in a vertical state works, so that the electromagnets A and B in the support flipping component that has always been in a vertical state are tightly attached to the workpiece and energized and attracted and fixed. At this time, the electromagnets A and B on the support flipping component that has flipped from a horizontal state to a vertical state are de-energized, the workpiece is released, and the support flipping component that has always been in a vertical state is controlled to flip by the telescopic device.

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