Multi-section programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall breaking equipment and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-section programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall breaking device and method, and the multi-section programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall breaking device comprises: a pretreatment unit, which at least comprises a feed pump for pretreating to-be-treated sludge, a sludge feed port, and a security filter; the multiple sections of electric field reaction chambers are connected to the pretreatment unit and are used for carrying out wall breaking treatment on the pretreated sludge, and electric fields for carrying out wall breaking treatment in different electric field reaction chambers are different in intensity and are respectively used for carrying out wall breaking on cells with different cell wall intensities in the pretreated sludge; and the electric field driving unit is connected to the electric field reaction chambers and is used for controlling the different electric field reaction chambers to generate electric fields with different electric field intensities. Compared with the prior art, the wall breaking efficiency is high, wall breaking is uniform, electric energy consumption can be reduced, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sludge treatment, and in particular to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge cell disruption device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, common sludge cell disruption technologies include high-voltage electric field disruption technology, advanced oxidation disruption technology, and mechanical crushing technology (such as high-pressure homogenization and ultrasonic crushing).

[0003] High-voltage electric field cell disruption technology: The basic principle is to use the electric field force generated by a high-voltage electric field to cause electroporation of the cell membrane of sludge cells, thereby achieving cell disruption. Its core equipment usually consists of a high-voltage power supply, an electric field generating device (such as coaxial electrodes, parallel plates, and needle plates), and a sludge conveying channel. During operation, sludge is continuously fed into the electric field region, and cell disruption is completed through the action of a single-intensity electric field.

[0004] Advanced oxidation cell wall disruption technology: Utilizing highly reactive free radicals (especially hydroxyl radicals ·OH) generated by advanced oxidation processes, it non-selectively attacks and chemically degrades key components (lipids, proteins, polysaccharides) of microbial cell walls and cell membranes through extremely strong oxidation, thereby disrupting their structural integrity and barrier function (cell wall disruption), ultimately leading to microbial death (sterilization) and / or promoting the release of intracellular target substances;

[0005] Mechanical crushing technology: Taking a high-pressure homogenizer as an example, it pressurizes sludge to tens of megapascals through a high-pressure pump, and then allows the sludge to pass through the narrow gap of the homogenizing valve. The instantaneous pressure difference, shear force and impact force are used to destroy the cell wall of the sludge. The equipment mainly consists of a high-pressure pump, a homogenizing valve, and feed / discharge pipelines.

[0006] Among them, the high-voltage electric field cell disruption technology has defects:

[0007] Low and uneven cell wall disruption efficiency: Using a single-intensity electric field cannot adapt to the differences in cell wall structure among different types of cells (such as bacteria, fungi, and protozoa) in sludge. Different microbial cells have different sensitivities to electric field intensity, and the microbial population in sludge is complex. A single electric field intensity is insufficient to achieve efficient cell electroporation, resulting in some sludge cells not being destroyed, thus limiting the efficiency of subsequent treatment.

[0008] Serious energy waste: In order to ensure that "all cells are broken", a higher electric field strength is required for the cell types that are most difficult to break, which leads to over-processing of cells that are easy to break, resulting in a large amount of extra electrical energy consumption, which does not meet the current development requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0009] Poor adaptability: When sludge properties (such as moisture content, solid content, and cell density) fluctuate, the fixed electric field parameters cannot be adjusted in time, which easily leads to problems of "over-breaking" (resulting in excessive release of extracellular polymers) or "under-breaking" (incomplete cell breaking), making it difficult to adapt to the sludge treatment needs under different working conditions.

[0010] Mechanical crushing technology has its drawbacks:

[0011] High equipment wear and tear and high maintenance costs: Relying on the mechanical action of moving parts such as high-pressure pumps and homogenizing valves, when processing sludge containing impurities (such as sand) for a long time, the parts wear out severely, requiring frequent replacement of vulnerable parts. The maintenance cycle is short and the cost is high, which increases the operating burden of enterprises.

[0012] It can easily damage organic matter: high-intensity shear and impact forces not only damage cell walls, but may also break down the large molecular chains of organic matter in sludge (such as proteins and cellulose), reduce the methane yield of subsequent anaerobic digestion, affect resource utilization, and are not conducive to energy recovery from sludge.

[0013] Limited processing capacity: High-pressure homogenizers and other equipment have a small single-unit processing capacity and cannot continuously and stably process sludge with high solids content (>5%). They are prone to pipeline blockage and cannot meet the large-scale and continuous treatment needs of large-scale sewage treatment plants.

[0014] Advanced oxidation cell wall disruption technology has drawbacks:

[0015] High consumption of oxidants: The generation of strong oxidizing free radicals (especially ·OH) requires a continuous input of large amounts of oxidants (such as... , (such as persulfate), and the non-selectivity of this type of free radical leads to its low utilization rate, huge investment in oxidants, and high treatment costs;

[0016] Introducing additional sludge: Advanced oxidation cell disruption technology usually requires the introduction of ferrous salts as catalysts to accelerate and ensure the reaction rate. The introduced iron ions and other metals will form hydroxide precipitates (iron sludge), increasing the amount of additional sludge.

[0017] Therefore, how to design a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge cell disruption equipment and method to solve the problems of uneven cell disruption, high energy consumption, and poor adaptability in existing technologies is a technical problem that the industry urgently needs to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0018] To address the problems of uneven cell wall breaking, high energy consumption, and poor adaptability in existing technologies, this invention proposes a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge cell wall breaking device and method.

[0019] The technical solution of this invention is to propose a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge cell disruption device, comprising:

[0020] The pretreatment unit includes at least a feed pump for pretreating the sludge to be treated, a sludge inlet, and a security filter;

[0021] A multi-stage electric field reaction chamber is connected to the pretreatment unit and is used to break down the cell walls of the pretreated sludge. The electric field strength of the electric field used for cell wall breaking down is different in different electric field reaction chambers, and is used to break down cells with different cell wall strengths in the pretreated sludge.

[0022] An electric field driving unit, connected to the electric field reaction chamber, is used to control the generation of electric fields with different electric field intensities within the different electric field reaction chambers.

[0023] Furthermore, the multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge cell breaking equipment also includes multiple feed sensors installed in the pretreatment unit, which are used to collect sludge parameters of the sludge to be treated.

[0024] The electric field driving unit controls the generation of electric fields with different electric field strengths in the electric field reaction chamber according to the sludge parameters.

[0025] Furthermore, the electric field driving unit includes at least: a high-voltage electric field driver group adapted to the electric field reaction chamber for independent power supply, an intelligent controller for issuing control commands to the high-voltage electric field driver group, and a touch screen for real-time operation.

[0026] Furthermore, the multiple electric field reaction chambers are connected in series, each of which is equipped with a coaxial electrode, and each coaxial electrode can cooperate with the electric field driving unit to form a uniform electric field.

[0027] Furthermore, the electric field reaction chamber is provided in three parts, including a low-voltage electric field reaction chamber, a medium-voltage electric field reaction chamber, and a high-voltage electric field reaction chamber;

[0028] The low-voltage electric field reflects the electric field strength of the indoor electric field with a value of 1-20 kV / cm, the medium-voltage electric field reflects the electric field strength of the indoor electric field with a value of 21-60 kV / cm, and the high-voltage electric field reflects the electric field strength of the indoor electric field with a value of 61-120 kV / cm.

[0029] Furthermore, the sludge parameters include: sludge concentration, COD index, ammonia nitrogen content, pH value, and electrical conductivity.

[0030] Furthermore, the calculation model for the electric field strength of the electric field generated based on the sludge parameters is as follows:

[0031] E=a1+a2+a1*a2+a12+a22+a3+a4+a3*a4+a32+a42+b;

[0032] Where E is the electric field strength, a1 is the sludge concentration, a2 is the conductivity, a3 is the COD index, a4 is the ammonia nitrogen content, and b is the fitting constant.

[0033] Furthermore, the feed pump is a corrosion-resistant centrifugal pump;

[0034] The security filter consists of a stainless steel housing and a stainless steel mesh filter element disposed within the stainless steel housing. The mesh diameter of the stainless steel mesh filter element is set according to the size of the impurities in the sludge to be treated.

[0035] This invention also proposes a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge cell disruption method, applied to the aforementioned multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge cell disruption equipment, comprising:

[0036] Step S1: Collect sludge parameters of the sludge to be treated in real time;

[0037] Step S2: Set the electric field strength of the multi-segment electric field reaction room according to the sludge parameters;

[0038] Step S3: The sludge treated by the pretreatment unit is sequentially introduced into different electric field reaction chambers to break down cells with different cell wall strengths.

[0039] Furthermore, the multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge cell disruption method further includes:

[0040] Step S4: Collect sludge parameters of the sludge after cell wall breaking located at the sludge discharge port;

[0041] Step S5: Determine whether the sludge parameters of the sludge after wall breaking at the sludge discharge port meet the standards, and reset the electric field strength of the multi-segment electric field reaction chamber based on the sludge parameters collected by the discharge sensor.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0043] 1. This invention uses a multi-stage electric field reaction chamber to perform multi-stage gradient electric field cell disruption treatment, achieving a cell disruption rate of over 90%, which is higher than that of high-voltage electric field cell disruption technology (60%–70%) and mechanical crushing technology (75%–85%). Moreover, the effect after cell disruption is controllable, improving the efficiency of subsequent dehydration and digestion processes by 20%–30%, effectively reducing the operating costs of subsequent processes.

[0044] 2. This invention can adjust the electric field strength of each electric field reaction chamber as needed, avoiding over-processing of easily broken cells. Compared with high-voltage electric field cell breaking technology, it can save 30% to 40% of energy consumption. At the same time, this invention has no frequently worn moving parts, extending the maintenance cycle to 6-12 months and reducing maintenance costs by more than 50%, significantly reducing operating costs.

[0045] 3. This invention can adapt to fluctuations in sludge solids content (1% to 5%), eliminating the need for frequent manual parameter adjustments. The "automatic / manual" mode can be switched via a touchscreen, making it easy for on-site workers to quickly master and reducing human error.

[0046] 4. This invention requires no chemical reagents (such as acids, alkalis, or oxidants) throughout the entire process, avoiding reagent residues and secondary pollution caused by chemical cell wall breaking, thus meeting environmental protection requirements. At the same time, the use of a gentle electric field avoids the damage to organic matter caused by mechanical crushing, and the anaerobic digestion methane yield can be increased by 15% to 25%, resulting in significant resource utilization benefits.

[0047] 5. This invention can flexibly adjust the treatment capacity from 100 to 1,000,000 m³ / d by increasing the number of reaction chamber sections (such as 4 or 5 sections) or expanding the volume of a single reaction chamber. It can meet the different needs of small sewage treatment plants (100 m³ / d) to large sewage treatment plants (1,000,000 m³ / d) and has broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0048] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent controller in this invention;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the high-voltage electric field driver assembly in this invention;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the multi-segment electric field reaction chamber in this invention;

[0053] Figure 5 This is the overall control flowchart of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0055] Therefore, a feature pointed out in this specification is used to describe one feature of one embodiment of the invention, and does not imply that every embodiment of the invention must have the described feature. Furthermore, it should be noted that this specification describes many features. Although certain features may be combined to illustrate possible system designs, these features may also be used in other combinations not explicitly stated. Therefore, unless otherwise stated, the described combinations are not intended to be limiting.

[0056] The principles and structure of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0057] Current sludge cell wall disruption technologies suffer from problems such as uneven disruption, high energy consumption, and poor adaptability. To address these issues, this invention employs a "segmented electric field action + segmented programmable parameter control" approach. The basic principle utilizes the "tolerance threshold differences" of different types of sludge cells to electric field intensity. The entire disruption process is divided into multiple series-connected electric field regions, each with a different electric field intensity (gradually increasing from low to high). This selectively disrupts fragile cells, medium-strength cell wall systems, and high-strength cell wall cells, thereby resolving the problems of uneven disruption and high energy consumption. Simultaneously, by real-time acquisition of sludge parameters (such as moisture content, solids content, and cell density), the electric field intensity, sludge residence time, and electrode spacing are automatically adjusted to achieve "on-demand disruption," ensuring efficient disruption while minimizing energy consumption.

[0058] Please see Figure 1 Based on the above design concept, this invention proposes a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge cell disruption device, comprising:

[0059] The pretreatment unit includes at least a feed pump 1 for pretreating the sludge to be treated, a sludge inlet 2, and a security filter 4.

[0060] The multi-stage electric field reaction chamber is connected to the pretreatment unit and is used to break down the cell walls of the pretreated sludge. The electric field strength in the different electric field reaction chambers is different, and they are used to break down cells with different cell wall strengths in the pretreated sludge.

[0061] An electric field driving unit, connected to an electric field reaction chamber, is used to control the generation of electric fields with different electric field intensities within the different electric field reaction chambers.

[0062] The pretreatment unit, as the core pretreatment module of the present invention, consists of a feed pump 1, a sludge inlet 2, a feed sensor 3, and a security filter 4. Functionally, the security filter 4 can accurately intercept impurities to protect the subsequent electrode components. The feed sensor 3 monitors the sludge parameters in real time to provide data support for the electric field drive unit. The feed pump 1 adjusts the flow rate through a frequency converter to ensure that the sludge is continuously and stably transported to the subsequent multi-stage electric field reaction chamber, laying the foundation for the entire cell breaking process.

[0063] The multi-segment electric field reaction chamber is the core cell-wall breaking module of this invention. It adopts a series layout and includes a low-voltage electric field reaction chamber 11, a medium-voltage electric field reaction chamber 12, a high-voltage electric field reaction chamber 13, and N subsequent expandable electric field reaction chambers 14. The number of subsequent N electric field reaction chambers 14 can be flexibly increased or decreased according to the sludge treatment volume and cell-wall breaking requirements. Each electric field reaction chamber is equipped with an independent coaxial electrode assembly, which can support quick disassembly and replacement. The number and arrangement of electrodes can also be adjusted according to the sludge type (such as municipal sludge, industrial sludge). The inner wall of the multi-segment electric field reaction chamber is lined with a polytetrafluoroethylene insulation layer (high voltage resistant and corrosion resistant). The coaxial reaction chamber design ensures that the sludge flows uniformly and without stagnation in the reaction chamber, avoiding over-treatment or under-treatment of local sludge, and providing a stable environment for precise cell-wall breaking of the gradient electric field.

[0064] The electric field drive unit is the "central control and power core" of this invention, integrating an intelligent controller 5, a touch screen 8, and a high-voltage electric field driver group 6. The electric field drive unit can receive sludge parameters such as sludge concentration, conductivity, COD index, and ammonia nitrogen content transmitted by the feed sensor 3 and the discharge sensor in real time. After big data model fitting and calculation, it sends control commands to the high-voltage electric field driver group 6 to realize automatic adaptation and manual adjustment of parameters such as electric field strength (1-120kV / cm) and pulse frequency (0-1000kHz). Operators can also view real-time operating data and historical reports through the touch screen 8, or modify parameter thresholds such as cell wall breakage target value and EPS release standard according to working conditions, taking into account both process control accuracy and operation convenience.

[0065] Specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, three electric field reaction chambers are provided, including a low-voltage electric field reaction chamber 11, a medium-voltage electric field reaction chamber 12, and a high-voltage electric field reaction chamber 13.

[0066] The electric field strength in the low-voltage electric field reaction chamber 11 is 1-20 kV / cm, the electric field strength in the medium-voltage electric field reaction chamber 12 is 21-60 kV / cm, and the electric field strength in the high-voltage electric field reaction chamber 13 is 61-120 kV / cm.

[0067] Electric field reaction chambers with different electric field strengths are used to break down sludge cells with different cell wall strengths. For example, low-voltage electric field reaction chamber 11 is used to treat sludge cells with low cell wall strength, medium-voltage electric field reaction chamber 12 is used to treat sludge cells with medium cell wall strength, and high-voltage electric field reaction chamber 13 is used to treat sludge cells with high cell wall strength.

[0068] As can be seen from the above design, the multi-stage electric field reaction chamber of this invention divides the cell wall breaking process into three gradient electric field regions: low, medium, and high. This targeted destruction of sludge cells with different cell wall strengths solves the problem of "uneven cell wall breaking" in traditional single electric fields and achieves precise treatment of different types of cells.

[0069] As mentioned above, the present invention also includes a plurality of feed sensors 3 disposed in the pretreatment unit, the feed sensors 3 being used to collect sludge parameters of the sludge to be treated;

[0070] After the sludge parameters are fitted and calculated by the big data model, control commands are sent to the high-voltage electric field driver group 6 to realize the automatic adaptation and manual adjustment of parameters such as electric field strength (1-120kV / cm) and pulse frequency (0-1000kHz).

[0071] Through this configuration, the present invention can realize a programmable parameter control system. By collecting sludge parameters in real time through the feed sensor 3, the electric field strength, pulse frequency, duty cycle and other parameters of each electric field reaction chamber can be automatically adjusted to achieve "dynamic adaptation". This can solve the problem of "poor adaptability" in the prior art and cope with the fluctuation of sludge properties under different working conditions.

[0072] Specifically, the calculation model for the electric field strength of the electric field generated based on sludge parameters in this invention is as follows:

[0073] E=a1+a2+a1*a2+a12+a22+a3+a4+a3*a4+a32+a42+b;

[0074] Where E is the electric field strength, a1 is the sludge concentration, a2 is the conductivity, a3 is the COD index, a4 is the ammonia nitrogen content, and b is the fitting constant.

[0075] The above calculation model is obtained by fitting and calculating with a big data model. In other embodiments of the present invention, the calculation model can be further modified by combining sludge parameters such as pH value, temperature, and solid content, so as to ensure the precise matching of electric field strength with the cell wall breaking requirements of the sludge to be treated and to ensure the cell wall breaking effect.

[0076] Please see Figures 1 to 3The electric field driving unit in this invention includes: a high-voltage electric field driver group 6 adapted to the electric field reaction chamber for independent power supply, an intelligent controller 5 for issuing control commands to the high-voltage electric field driver group, and a touch screen 8 for real-time operation.

[0077] Based on this configuration, the present invention allows operators to view real-time operating data and historical reports via the touchscreen 8, or modify parameter thresholds such as the cell wall breakage target value and EPS release standard according to the working conditions, thus balancing the accuracy of process control with the convenience of operation.

[0078] Please see Figure 4 In this invention, multiple electric field reaction chambers are connected in series. Each electric field reaction chamber is equipped with a coaxial electrode, and each coaxial electrode can work with the electric field driving unit to form a uniform electric field.

[0079] The coaxial electrode supports quick disassembly and replacement, and the number and arrangement of electrodes can be adjusted according to the type of sludge (such as municipal sludge and industrial sludge).

[0080] Based on this design, the coaxial electrode type of each reaction chamber in this invention can be quickly replaced, and the number and arrangement of electrodes can be adjusted according to the type of sludge (such as municipal sludge or industrial sludge), thereby improving the versatility of the technology and meeting the treatment needs of different scenarios.

[0081] Please see Figure 1 The present invention also includes a discharge sensor 9 disposed at the sludge discharge port and a return pipeline. The discharge sensor 9 is used to collect sludge parameters located at the sludge discharge port, and the return pipeline is used to guide the sludge back to the electric field reaction chamber when the sludge is over-broken or under-broken.

[0082] The discharge sensor 9 can detect sludge parameters at the sludge discharge port. It works with the feed sensor 3 to detect sludge parameters at the sludge inlet and feeds them back to the electric field drive unit. After big data model fitting and calculation, it sends control commands to the high-voltage electric field driver group 6 to realize automatic adaptation and manual adjustment of parameters such as electric field strength (1-120kV / cm) and pulse frequency (0-1000kHz).

[0083] Based on this design, the sludge treatment process of this invention forms a closed loop of "feedforward-treatment-detection-feedback-adjustment" to ensure that the cell wall breakage rate is stable and meets the standard, avoids "over-breaking" or "under-breaking", and guarantees the efficiency and stability of subsequent treatment processes.

[0084] Furthermore, in this invention, the feed pump 1 is a corrosion-resistant centrifugal pump, which can stably transport sludge while avoiding corrosion damage;

[0085] The security filter 4 consists of a stainless steel housing and a stainless steel mesh filter element installed inside the stainless steel housing. The mesh diameter of the stainless steel mesh filter element is set according to the size of the impurities in the sludge to be treated.

[0086] Here, the impurities in the sludge to be treated are generally sand particles and fibers with a diameter greater than 3mm. Therefore, in this invention, the mesh diameter of the stainless steel mesh filter element can be set to 3mm to avoid the impact of the above-mentioned impurities on the subsequent electrode assembly.

[0087] Please see Figure 5 The present invention also proposes a multi-segment programmable high-voltage electric field sludge cell disruption method, which includes: step S1, real-time acquisition of sludge parameters of the sludge to be treated;

[0088] Step S2: Set the electric field strength of the multi-segment electric field reaction room according to the sludge parameters;

[0089] Step S3: The sludge treated by the pretreatment unit is sequentially introduced into different electric field reaction chambers to break down cells with different cell wall strengths.

[0090] Step S4: Collect sludge parameters of the sludge after cell wall breaking located at the sludge discharge port;

[0091] Step S5: Determine whether the sludge parameters of the sludge after wall breaking at the sludge discharge port meet the standards, and reset the electric field strength of the multi-segment electric field reaction chamber based on the sludge parameters collected by the discharge sensor.

[0092] The following uses "residual sludge cell wall breaking treatment in municipal wastewater treatment plants" as an example to illustrate the specific process of the multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge cell wall breaking method in this invention:

[0093] (I) Parameter settings for the implementation example

[0094] 1. Sludge to be treated: Residual sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plants, with a water content of 98.5% and a solid content of 1.5%. The main cell types are bacteria, protozoa, and fungi. The daily sludge production is 48 m³, and continuous 24-hour treatment is required. The treatment capacity is set at 2 m³ / h.

[0095] 2. Processing target: Cell wall breakage rate ≥90%, ensuring that the sludge moisture content after dewatering by the subsequent plate and frame filter press is ≤60%;

[0096] 3. Pretreatment stage: The sludge to be treated is transported to the "pretreatment unit" through the feed pump 1 for preliminary filtration (removing sand particles and impurities with a diameter > 3mm). At the same time, the feed sensor 3 collects the sludge's moisture content, COD, ammonia nitrogen, pH, conductivity and other indicators, and transmits them to the programmable control system.

[0097] 4. The electric field drive unit consists of a GNS-type intelligent controller 5, a 10-inch human-machine touch screen 8, and a high-voltage electric field drive group 6. It receives parameters such as sludge concentration, COD index, ammonia nitrogen content, pH value, and conductivity transmitted in real time by inlet and outlet sensors 3. After big data model fitting and calculation, it accurately sends control and drive commands to the high-voltage electric field drive group 6. The high-voltage electric field drive unit group drives each section of the electric field reactor in the multi-section electric field reaction chamber according to the commands.

[0098] 5. The multi-segment electric field reaction chamber system adopts a series layout, including the first, second and third electric field reaction chambers. In this test, a total of 3 electric field reaction chambers were used in series.

[0099] (II) Implementation Steps

[0100] 1. Sludge Feeding and Pretreatment: Start feed pump 1 (flow rate 2 m³ / h, head 15 m) to transport municipal waste sludge from the sludge storage tank to the security filter of the pretreatment unit. As the sludge passes through the filter, impurities such as sand and fibers are trapped. The filter top cover is opened periodically (every 24 hours) for cleaning to prevent impurities from clogging subsequent pipelines and electrodes. The filtered sludge enters the multi-stage electric field reaction chamber. Simultaneously, the feed sensor collects real-time data on sludge concentration, COD index, ammonia nitrogen content, pH value, and conductivity. The RS485 feed sensor transmits this data to the intelligent process control system via a data cable.

[0101] 2. First-stage low-voltage electric field cell disruption: The pretreated sludge enters the first-stage electric field reaction chamber through pipelines. Based on collected parameters such as sludge concentration and COD index, and combined with a preset algorithm (established based on extensive experimental data, calculating the optimal electric field strength and residence time using moisture content and solids content), the intelligent controller automatically sets the electric field strength to 5kV / cm and the sludge residence time to 60s. By adjusting the frequency of the feed pump inverter, the flow rate is stabilized at 2m³ / h, ensuring that the sludge residence time in the reaction chamber is controlled at 60s. Under the action of the 5kV / cm electric field, the bacterial cell membranes in the sludge undergo electroporation, the cell wall structure is disrupted, and intracellular water and a small amount of EPS are initially released.

[0102] 3. Second-stage medium-voltage electric field cell disruption: The sludge stream treated in the first stage enters the second-stage electric field reaction chamber. Based on collected parameters such as sludge moisture content and a preset algorithm, the intelligent controller automatically increases the electric field strength to 24kV / cm. During this stage, the protozoan cells in the sludge (accounting for 30%, with a tolerance threshold of 15-20kV / cm) undergo cell membrane perforation under the influence of the medium-voltage electric field, resulting in the release of a large amount of organic matter (such as proteins and polysaccharides), further increasing EPS release. Testing shows that the cell wall disruption rate of protozoan cells in this stage can reach over 85%.

[0103] 4. Third stage high-voltage electric field cell wall disruption: The sludge continues to flow into the third stage electric field reaction chamber. The intelligent controller automatically increases the electric field strength to 68kV / cm based on the collected parameters such as sludge moisture content and COD, combined with the preset algorithm. This can completely destroy the cell walls of fungal cells (accounting for 10%, with a tolerance threshold of 50-70kV / cm), while simultaneously decomposing the bacteria and protozoan cells that were not completely disrupted in the first two stages.

[0104] 5. Cell Wall Breaking Effect Detection and Feedback: The sludge that has completed the three-stage cell wall breaking process enters the discharge buffer unit. The discharge sensor detects data such as sludge concentration, COD index, ammonia nitrogen content, pH value, and conductivity, and transmits them to the intelligent process control system via data cable to determine the cell wall breaking effect. The system automatically optimizes and adjusts the cell wall breaking parameters of each stage of the multi-stage electric field reaction chamber and the feed pump parameters (changing the residence time). During continuous operation, the system automatically collects key parameters every 5 minutes and generates operation reports for easy monitoring and traceability by operators.

[0105] (III) Comparison of Implementation Results

[0106] To verify the superiority of this patented technology, a comparative experiment was conducted with high-voltage electric field cell disruption technology under the same sludge treatment conditions. The experiment lasted for 72 hours, and key indicator data were recorded. The results are shown in the table below:

[0107] index This patented technology Traditional high-voltage electric field technology Increase / decrease magnitude Cell wall breakage rate 93% 68% +36.8% Subsequent dehydration moisture content 58% (after plate and frame filter press) 69% (after plate and frame filter press) -16% Unit energy consumption 0.8 kW・h / m³ sludge 1.3 kW・h / m³ sludge -38.5%

[0108] As shown in the table above, this patented technology is significantly superior to traditional high-voltage electric field cell-breaking technology in terms of cell-wall breaking efficiency, subsequent process improvement, energy consumption control, maintenance costs, and operational stability. Specifically, the cell-wall breaking rate is increased by 36.8%, ensuring the efficiency of subsequent sludge treatment; the moisture content of subsequent dewatering is reduced by 16%, decreasing the final sludge disposal volume; the moisture content is reduced from 69% to 58%, and unit energy consumption is reduced by 38.5%.

[0109] In summary, based on the design of this invention, compared with the prior art, this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0110] 1. This invention uses a multi-stage electric field reaction chamber to perform multi-stage gradient electric field cell disruption treatment, achieving a cell disruption rate of over 90%, which is higher than that of high-voltage electric field cell disruption technology (60%–70%) and mechanical crushing technology (75%–85%). Moreover, the cell disruption effect is controllable, improving the efficiency of subsequent dehydration and digestion processes by 20%–30%, effectively reducing the operating costs of subsequent processes.

[0111] 2. This invention can adjust the electric field strength of each electric field reaction chamber as needed, avoiding over-processing of easily broken cells. Compared with high-voltage electric field cell breaking technology, it can save 30% to 40% of energy consumption. At the same time, this invention has no frequently worn moving parts, extending the maintenance cycle to 6-12 months and reducing maintenance costs by more than 50%, significantly reducing operating costs.

[0112] 3. This invention can adapt to fluctuations in sludge solids content (1% to 5%), eliminating the need for frequent manual parameter adjustments. The "automatic / manual" mode can be switched via a touchscreen, making it easy for on-site workers to quickly master and reducing human error.

[0113] 4. This invention requires no chemical reagents (such as acids, alkalis, or oxidants) throughout the entire process, avoiding reagent residues and secondary pollution caused by chemical cell wall breaking, thus meeting environmental protection requirements. At the same time, the use of a gentle electric field avoids the damage to organic matter caused by mechanical crushing, and the anaerobic digestion methane yield can be increased by 15% to 25%, resulting in significant resource utilization benefits.

[0114] 5. This invention can flexibly adjust the treatment capacity from 100 to 1,000,000 m³ / d by increasing the number of reaction chamber sections (such as 4 or 5 sections) or expanding the volume of a single reaction chamber. It can meet the different needs of small sewage treatment plants (100 m³ / d) to large sewage treatment plants (1,000,000 m³ / d) and has broad application prospects.

[0115] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge cell wall breaking device, characterized in that, The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device.

2. The multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge disintegration apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device.

3. The multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge disintegration apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device.

4. The multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge disintegration apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device.

5. The multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge disintegration apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device.

6. The multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge disintegration apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. E = a1 + a2 + a1*a2 + a1 2 +a2 2 +a3 + a4 + a3*a4 + a3 2 +a4 2 +b; The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device.

8. The multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge disintegration apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device.

9. A multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge cell wall breaking method applied to the multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge cell wall breaking device of any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device.

10. The multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge disintegration method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programmable high-voltage electric field sludge wall-breaking device. The application relates to a multi-stage programm

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