Antibacterial fiber and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an antibacterial fiber and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of antibacterial cloth, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: placing silicate, zeolite and cerium dioxide in mixing equipment, and stirring and mixing uniformly at normal temperature to obtain basic powder; preparing a copper chloride solution from copper chloride and deionized water; wet loading: stirring and mixing the basic powder and a copper chloride solution, so that copper ions are loaded on the zeolite and silicate carrier; the reacted slurry is dried and then heated for high-temperature activation, and activated mineral powder is obtained; sequentially crushing and grinding the activated mineral powder to obtain antibacterial powder; mixing, melting and spinning the antibacterial powder and a high-molecular polymer to obtain the antibacterial fiber. According to the antibacterial fiber and the preparation method thereof, the generation path of odor of old people can be cut off from the source, the odor removal effect is more lasting and more thorough, long-acting function maintenance can be realized, and social confidence and living comfort of the old people are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antibacterial fabric technology, specifically to an antibacterial fiber and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] As people age, their metabolic functions change, and their skin barrier function weakens, sebum secretion decreases, but oxidation accelerates. This provides a rich nutrient matrix for microorganisms such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Propionibacterium on the skin surface. These microorganisms decompose ω-7 unsaturated fatty acids (such as palmitic acid) in sebum, producing volatile compounds, mainly 2-nonenal, which creates an unpleasant "old person smell." At the same time, these microorganisms may also invade the human body and cause infection risks, which seriously affects the social confidence and daily comfort of the elderly, and also causes trouble for caregivers.

[0003] Therefore, developing a functional material that is compatible with a variety of fabrics, can effectively disinfect bacteria and viruses, eliminates the smell of the elderly from the root, and is safe, gentle, and long-lasting is of great practical significance and has an urgent market demand for improving the quality of life of the elderly and alleviating the social problems caused by aging. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved The purpose of this invention is to provide an antibacterial fiber and a method for preparing the same, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing antibacterial fibers, comprising the following steps: (1) Ingredients: Weigh 40-50 parts of silicate, 25-35 parts of zeolite, 3-5 parts of cerium dioxide and 18-23 parts of copper chloride; (2) Dry mixing: Silicate, zeolite and cerium dioxide are placed in a mixing device and stirred and mixed evenly at room temperature to obtain the basic powder; (3) Solution preparation: Prepare a copper chloride solution by mixing copper chloride with deionized water; (4) Wet loading: The base powder is mixed with copper chloride solution to load copper ions onto zeolite and silicate carrier; (5) Drying and activation: Dry the slurry after the reaction in step (3), and then heat it to 400-600℃ for high-temperature activation to obtain activated mineral powder; (6) Crushing and grinding: The activated mineral powder is crushed and ground in sequence to obtain antibacterial powder of 50-100 nanometers. The nano-sized antibacterial powder has a larger specific surface area and can be more uniformly dispersed when blended with polymer, thereby forming more and more effective antibacterial sites in the final fiber. (7) Polymer blending and spinning: Antibacterial powder and polymer chips are mixed at a mass ratio of (15-25): (85-75), granulated to form antibacterial masterbatch, and then the antibacterial masterbatch is melt-spun to obtain antibacterial fiber. This ratio ensures the effective content of antibacterial components and does not affect the spinnability of polymer.

[0006] Preferably, the mass ratio of copper chloride to deionized water in step (3) is 1:(2-4). Too high a concentration will lead to oversaturation of the solution and uneven distribution under load; too low a concentration will reduce the reaction efficiency and increase the energy consumption of subsequent drying.

[0007] Preferably, during the stirring process in step (4), the mixture is heated to a temperature of 60-80℃, the stirring speed is 100-200 rpm, and the reaction time is 1-2 hours. Under the conditions of heating and stirring, the suspension of the base powder in the copper chloride solution is enhanced, and copper ions are more fully and firmly loaded into the pores and interlayer structures of zeolite and silicate through ion exchange and adsorption.

[0008] Preferably, the drying temperature in step (5) is 90-120℃, and the moisture content of the material after drying is less than 5%; the high-temperature activation time is 1-3 hours. Drying at 90-120℃ removes free water and some bound water from the slurry. Controlling the moisture content to less than 5% prevents the material structure from being destroyed due to rapid vaporization of moisture during high-temperature activation. High-temperature activation for 1-3 hours allows copper ions to bind more firmly to the carrier, while removing organic impurities from the raw materials and improving the chemical stability and antibacterial durability of the powder.

[0009] Preferably, the polymer is one of polyester, polyamide, or polypropylene.

[0010] Preferably, the silicate is one or a mixture of mica, talc, montmorillonite, and vermiculite.

[0011] An antibacterial fiber is prepared by the above-described method.

[0012] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an antibacterial fiber and a method for preparing the same, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This antibacterial fiber and its preparation method: This fiber achieves efficient adsorption and locking of odors caused by aging through its mineral powder components. Its rich microporous structure allows it to quickly capture and firmly lock in odor molecules. Simultaneously, the antibacterial components in the fiber effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of odor-causing microorganisms on the skin surface, reducing the continuous generation of odor molecules at the source, thus achieving the dual effects of "adsorption and locking" and "source inhibition."

[0013] 2. This antibacterial fiber and its preparation method, this nano antibacterial powder has good compatibility and dispersibility, and can be effectively combined with a variety of common polymer fabric substrates such as polyester, polyamide, and polypropylene. It is suitable for both elderly clothing, socks and other intimate apparel, as well as bedding, sofa covers, nursing pads and other home care products. It is applicable to various aspects of the daily life of the elderly and has strong practicality.

[0014] 3. This antibacterial fiber and its preparation method use cerium dioxide and copper chloride as core functional components. It does not require the addition of irritating chemical bactericides, is mild in nature, and will not cause irritation or allergic reactions to the sensitive skin of the elderly. At the same time, it has strong bonding stability with the fabric substrate and is not easily lost during washing and use, so as to achieve long-term functional retention and meet the long-term use needs of elderly products.

[0015] 4. This antibacterial fiber and its preparation method allow rare earth ions to strongly bind to the negatively charged cell membranes of bacteria and viruses through electrostatic attraction, which can directly destroy the integrity of the cell membrane, inhibit the proliferation of microorganisms, and even kill them. It has a high-efficiency disinfection effect on common pathogens and viruses, and has a broad antibacterial and antiviral spectrum. It can effectively reduce the health risks caused by microbial infections in the elderly and build a safe protective barrier for the elderly population. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0017] Example 1 Ingredients: Weigh out 46 parts mica, 30 parts zeolite, 4 parts cerium dioxide, and 20 parts copper chloride; Dry mixing: Add mica, zeolite, and cerium dioxide to a mixer and mix at room temperature for 30 minutes to obtain the basic powder; Solution preparation: Mix copper chloride with 60 parts of deionized water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain a copper chloride solution; Wet loading: The base powder and copper chloride solution are added into a jacketed reactor, heated to 70°C, and stirred at 150 rpm for 1.5 hours. Drying and activation: The reacted slurry was dried in an oven at 110°C until the moisture content was below 5%. It was then transferred to a muffle furnace and activated at 500°C for 2 hours in air to obtain activated mineral powder. Crushing and grinding: First, the activated powder is crushed to an average particle size of about 30 micrometers using a mechanical mill, and finally ground to an average particle size of about 80 nanometers using a nano sand mill to obtain nano antibacterial powder; Polymer blending and spinning: Nano antibacterial powder and polyester (PET) chips are mixed at a mass ratio of 20:80, and antibacterial masterbatch is obtained by twin-screw granulation. Then, melt spinning is performed to obtain antibacterial polyester fiber. Weaving: The obtained antibacterial polyester fibers are used as warp and weft yarns to weave into fabric.

[0018] Example 2 Ingredients: Weigh out 40 parts talc, 35 parts zeolite, 3 parts cerium dioxide, and 18 parts copper chloride; Dry mixing: Same as in Example 1; Solution preparation: Mix copper chloride with 54 parts of deionized water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain a copper chloride solution; Wet loading: The base powder and copper chloride solution are added into a jacketed reactor, heated to 60°C, and stirred at 200 rpm for 2 hours. Drying and activation: The slurry after reaction was dried in an oven at 100°C until the moisture content was less than 5%, and then transferred to a muffle furnace and activated at 450°C for 2.5 hours in air atmosphere to obtain activated mineral powder; Crushing and grinding: Same as in Example 1, finally an antibacterial powder with an average particle size of about 100 nanometers was obtained; Polymer blending and spinning: Antibacterial powder and polypropylene (PP) chips are blended and granulated at a mass ratio of 15:85 to produce antibacterial masterbatch, which is then melt-spun to obtain antibacterial polypropylene fiber. Weaving: Antibacterial polypropylene fiber and ordinary cotton fiber are blended in a mass ratio of 70:30 and then woven into fabric.

[0019] Example 3 Ingredients: Weigh out 50 parts vermiculite, 25 parts zeolite, 5 parts cerium dioxide, and 23 parts copper chloride; Dry mixing: Same as in Example 1; Solution preparation: Mix copper chloride with 46 parts of deionized water to prepare a solution; Wet loading: The base powder and copper chloride solution are added into a jacketed reactor, heated to 80°C, and stirred at 100 rpm for 1 hour. Drying and activation: The slurry after reaction was dried in an oven at 120°C until the moisture content was less than 5%, and then transferred to a muffle furnace and activated at 600°C for 1 hour in air atmosphere to obtain activated mineral powder; Crushing and grinding: Same as in Example 1, finally an antibacterial powder with an average particle size of about 50 nanometers was obtained; Polymer blending and spinning: Antibacterial powder and polyamide (PA66) chips are blended and granulated at a mass ratio of 25:75 to prepare antibacterial masterbatch, which is then melt-spun to obtain antibacterial nylon fiber. Weaving: The fabric is woven from 100% of this antibacterial nylon fiber.

[0020] Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is: Polymer blending and spinning: Antibacterial powder and polyester (PET) chips are mixed at a mass ratio of 15:85 to form a masterbatch, which is then spun to obtain antibacterial fibers; Weaving: The antibacterial fiber is blended with ordinary polyester fiber at a mass ratio of 75:25 and processed into fabric.

[0021] Example 5: The difference from Example 2 is: Polymer blending and spinning: Antibacterial powder and polypropylene (PP) chips are mixed at a mass ratio of 18:82 to form a masterbatch, which is then melt-spun into antibacterial polypropylene short fibers.

[0022] Weaving: Using spunlace nonwoven fabric technology, 100% of this antibacterial polypropylene staple fiber is processed into a weight of 80g / m². 2 Antibacterial nonwoven fabric.

[0023] Comparative Example: Ordinary polyester fabric with the same specifications and structure as in Example 1 was selected as the treatment substrate and cut into fabric samples of specified sizes. The samples were immersed in a 4wt% copper chloride aqueous solution and left to soak for 12 hours at room temperature. After soaking, excess treatment solution was removed from the fibers to ensure uniform liquid coverage and to avoid excessive crystallization of copper salts on the fabric surface. The rolled fabric samples were dried to stably fix the adsorbed copper ions on the fiber surface.

[0024] Antibacterial properties: The fabric samples prepared in Examples 1-5 and the comparative examples were tested for antibacterial properties according to the test methods in GB / T20944.3-2008 "Evaluation of Antibacterial Properties of Textiles". The tested bacteria were Escherichia coli, Propionibacterium, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus.

[0025] As shown in the table above, the antibacterial composite fabric of this invention achieves an antibacterial rate of over 95% against Propionibacterium acnes, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. Based on this, we can flexibly process this antibacterial fiber into various forms and applications of functional fabrics according to specific needs. Fabrics made from this antibacterial fiber can efficiently remove odor molecules. The nano-scale activated mineral powder in the fiber can adsorb and remove volatile compounds, primarily 2-nonenal, that emit the "old person smell," preventing odor leakage and reducing unpleasant odors. This process avoids the more complex odors that may result from odor mixing caused by traditional masking methods, making it particularly suitable for elderly clothing and close-fitting textiles where high levels of body odor cleanliness are required, providing users with a lasting fresh wearing experience. Simultaneously, this fiber can inhibit the growth and reproduction of odor-causing microorganisms on the skin surface, reducing the continuous generation of odor molecules at the source.

[0026] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for producing an antibacterial fiber, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: (1) batching: 40-50 parts of silicate, 25-35 parts of zeolite, 3-5 parts of cerium dioxide and 18-23 parts of copper chloride are weighed; (2) dry mixing: the silicate, zeolite and cerium dioxide are placed in a mixing device and stirred at room temperature to be uniformly mixed to obtain a base powder; (3) solution preparation: the copper chloride is prepared into a copper chloride solution with deionized water; (4) wet loading: the base powder is stirred and mixed with the copper chloride solution to load copper ions on the zeolite and silicate carriers; (5) drying and activation: the slurry after step (3) is dried, and then heated to 400-600 DEG C for high-temperature activation to obtain an activated mineral powder; (6) crushing and grinding: the activated mineral powder is crushed and ground in sequence to obtain an antibacterial powder with a particle size of 50-100 nanometers; (7) polymer blending and spinning: the antibacterial powder and polymer chips are mixed at a mass ratio of (15-25):(85-75), granulated to obtain antibacterial masterbatch, and then the antibacterial masterbatch is melt-spun to obtain antibacterial fibers.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: The mass ratio of copper chloride to deionized water in step (3) is 1:(2-4).

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: In step (4), the stirring process is heated, the temperature is controlled at 60-80 DEG C, the stirring speed is 100-200 rpm, and the reaction time is 1-2 hours.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: In step (5), the drying temperature is 90-120 DEG C, and the water content of the material after drying is less than 5%; the high-temperature activation time is 1-3 hours.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The polymer is one of polyester, polyamide or polypropylene.

6. The method for preparing antibacterial fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silicate is a mixture of one or more of mica, talc, montmorillonite and vermiculite.

7. An antibacterial fiber, characterized by: The antibacterial fiber is prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-7.

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