Prefabricated rapid sealing device for dam breaches

Abstract

This application discloses a prefabricated rapid sealing device for dam breaches, relating to the technical field of emergency rescue equipment for water conservancy projects. The device includes sealing components and adapting components. The sealing components consist of steel plates, and the adapting components consist of sandbags. The steel plates are in the shape of a triangular truncated pyramid, and there are four steel plates, which are fitted together to form a regular tetrahedron. The number of adapting components matches the number of steel plates, and they correspond one-to-one. Sandbags are fixed to one side of the steel plates, located outside the regular tetrahedron formed by the four steel plates. After a large number of devices are thrown, they can form a stable spatial skeleton structure through mutual "collision, interlocking, and friction," effectively resisting water flow impact and withstanding a flow velocity of 7-9 m / s, preventing them from being washed away. The device uses fixed bolts for connection instead of welding, allowing for rapid on-site assembly and easy disassembly. After disassembly, the volume is reduced by 70%, facilitating rapid transport to disaster areas by various means of transportation, meeting the timeliness requirements of emergency rescue.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of emergency rescue equipment for water conservancy projects, and in particular to a prefabricated rapid sealing device for dam breaches. Background Technology

[0002] Sealing breaches in dikes is an extremely important task in flood control and disaster relief. During the flood season, once a dike breaches, it will immediately cause flood disasters. The speed at which the breach is sealed largely determines the magnitude of the flood damage. Rapid sealing within 0-2 hours during the initial breach phase can intercept more than 80% of the floodwater. However, when the recession phase (>6 hours) arrives, the sealing effect on disaster reduction becomes extremely limited, and the focus should shift to preventing secondary breaches. Therefore, a device for rapid sealing of dam breaches is particularly important.

[0003] There are many methods for sealing dike breaches. Currently, commonly used methods include steel-timber-earth-rock composite dam sealing, shovel construction, pile driving, and mechanized backfilling. These methods are highly suitable for sealing large breaches, but they all present many problems in the application of sealing small dike breaches. The main problems are: complex construction procedures requiring specialized construction teams; high requirements for filling materials and equipment; and heavy reliance on large machinery. Therefore, these sealing methods are difficult to apply directly or indirectly to sealing small breaches.

[0004] While methods such as direct soil filling, earthen mound construction, and grass-and-soil embankment blockage are simple and straightforward to implement, with low requirements for the quality of the construction team and the filling materials, their drawbacks are also quite obvious. For example, when the flow velocity increases, the stability of the soil filling material is poor and it is easily lost when using the direct soil filling method. If grass-and-soil embankment blockage is used, the grass bundles are prone to breakage, leading to the overall slippage and cracking of the grass-and-soil embankment.

[0005] In recent years, piling for sealing has been widely used in small and medium-sized breaches. This is because forming a pile support system within the breach area significantly reduces construction difficulty and material loss. Post-piling material placement can impede flow and create a sedimentation zone near the piles, reducing material loss by 30%-40% compared to direct placement. However, relying entirely on manual piling within the breach area is relatively difficult, making it hard to increase sealing speed and impacting worker safety. Furthermore, the sealing speed of these methods is not fast, sometimes even very slow, often requiring large quantities of sealing materials without efficient and rapid breach sealing. This makes it difficult to balance the timeliness of emergency response with the reliability of sealing.

[0006] Therefore, it is of great practical significance to propose a sealing device with strong adaptability and fast sealing speed for small dike breaches with small width and water depth. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application provides a prefabricated rapid breach sealing device for dams, solving the problems of traditional materials such as sandbags and riprap being lightweight and having poor erosion resistance, complex steel-wood structures being difficult to assemble and transport, and temporary structures having poor sealing and insufficient stability. It achieves a stable spatial skeleton structure formed by the mutual "collision, interlocking, and friction" of a large number of devices after deployment, effectively resisting water flow impact and withstanding flow velocities of 7-9 m / s, preventing them from being washed away. The device uses fixing bolts 140 for connection instead of welding, allowing for rapid on-site assembly and easy disassembly; after disassembly, the volume is reduced by 70%, facilitating rapid transport to disaster areas by various means of transportation, meeting the timeliness requirements of emergency rescue; and the sandbags 210 fixed on one side improve the fit. It features high transportation efficiency, excellent erosion resistance, convenient construction, simple structure, and strong economy, possessing rapid deployment, timeliness, reliability, and adaptability to complex environments. It is a highly adaptable breach sealing device with a fast sealing speed, and has the advantages of economy, simplicity, and practicality.

[0008] This application provides a prefabricated rapid sealing device for dam breaches, including sealing components and adaptation components;

[0009] The sealing components include steel plates, and the adaptation components include sandbags;

[0010] The steel plate is in the shape of a triangular frustum. There are four steel plates, which are fitted together to form a regular tetrahedron.

[0011] The number of components matches the number of steel plates, and they correspond one-to-one.

[0012] The sandbags are fixed to one side of the steel plate, and the sandbags are located outside the regular tetrahedron formed by the four steel plates that are pressed together.

[0013] The internal cavity of the tetrahedron formed by four steel plates bonded together is filled with C40 micro-expansion concrete; the sealing component is used to seal the breach in the dam.

[0014] As an improvement, the sealing assembly also includes threaded hole one, waterstop, threaded hole two, angle steel, threaded hole three, and fixing bolt;

[0015] A threaded hole is made on the surface of the steel plate. There are multiple threaded holes, which are distributed in a triangular pattern on the steel plate.

[0016] The cross-section of the waterstop is arrow-shaped, and the number of waterstops is consistent with the number of edges of the tetrahedron formed by the four steel plates bonded together, and they correspond one-to-one.

[0017] The arrow-shaped waterstop is set between two adjacent steel plates, with the arrow part of the waterstop held between the steel plates on both sides of the waterstop.

[0018] The number of angle steels is consistent with the number of waterstops, and they correspond one-to-one.

[0019] Angle steel is installed on the waterstop;

[0020] Two threaded holes are made on the surface of the waterstop, and three threaded holes are made on the surface of the angle steel.

[0021] The fixing bolt is threaded into threaded holes one, two, and three.

[0022] As an improvement, the arrow of the waterstop points outward to the outside of the tetrahedron formed by the four steel plates that are bonded together.

[0023] The two ends of the waterstop are pointed, and the two ends of multiple waterstops are attached to each other to form a regular tetrahedral frame.

[0024] As an improvement, the waterstop is made of rubber;

[0025] The steel plate is Q345B, and the fixing bolts are 10.9 grade high-strength bolts.

[0026] As an improvement, the sum of the number of threaded holes 2 on multiple waterstops is consistent with the sum of the number of threaded holes 1 on the four steel plates, and they correspond one-to-one.

[0027] The number of threaded holes three on a single angle steel is the same as the number of threaded holes two on a single waterstop.

[0028] The number of fixing bolts is consistent with the sum of the number of threaded holes on the four steel plates, and they correspond one-to-one.

[0029] As an improvement, the arrow-shaped section of the waterstop completely seals the sides of two adjacent truncated triangular steel plates.

[0030] As an improvement, the sandbags are made of woven geotextile.

[0031] The sandbags are filled with river sand.

[0032] As an improvement, the adaptation components also include a capsule, a connecting tube, a one-way valve, and a sealing cap;

[0033] The capsule is fixed to the side of the steel plate, and the capsule is located inside a regular tetrahedron formed by four steel plates that are attached to each other.

[0034] A connecting tube is fixed inside the sandbag, with one end of the connecting tube passing through a steel plate and connecting to the sandbag body;

[0035] A one-way valve is fixed on the sandbag, and a connecting pipe is connected to the one-way valve.

[0036] The check valve has external threads, and the inner ring of the sealing cap has threads that are compatible with the external threads of the check valve. The sealing cap is threadedly connected to the check valve.

[0037] As an improvement, the one-way valve only allows outside air to enter the bladder.

[0038] As an improvement, the adaptation components also include an inflation ring, vent holes, and a soluble layer;

[0039] The air ring is ring-shaped and fixed to the side of the steel plate. The air ring is located inside a regular tetrahedron formed by four steel plates that fit together.

[0040] The capsule is located inside the inflation ring, and an exhaust hole is opened on the steel plate, with an easily soluble layer fixed inside the exhaust hole;

[0041] The soluble layer seals the vent holes; the soluble layer is made of polyvinyl alcohol.

[0042] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0043] Firstly, after a large number of devices are deployed, they can form a stable spatial skeleton structure through mutual collision, interlocking, and friction, effectively resisting the impact of water flow and withstanding a flow velocity of 7-9 m / s, preventing them from being washed away. The devices are connected by fixing bolts rather than welding, allowing for rapid on-site assembly and easy disassembly; after disassembly, the volume is reduced by 70%, facilitating rapid transport to disaster areas by various means of transportation, meeting the timeliness requirements of disaster relief; and the sandbags fixed on one side improve the fit.

[0044] It features high transportation efficiency, excellent impact resistance, convenient construction, simple structure, and strong economy. It is a highly adaptable and fast breach sealing device with advantages such as rapid deployment, timeliness, reliability, and adaptability to complex environments. It is economical, simple, and practical.

[0045] Secondly, to ensure the correct water entry posture, before deployment, the bladder on one side of the steel plate can be inflated to make it expand. Due to the change in buoyancy and center of gravity, the device will naturally sink with the inflated side facing up and the tip of the opposite side facing down after entering the water. The stacking of multiple devices with the tip facing up and the tip facing down can significantly reduce the gap between units, making the formed sealing body tighter, effectively improving sealing and stability, and avoiding the structural loosening problem caused by disordered deployment.

[0046] Third, once the device is submerged in water, the water dissolves the soluble layer sealing the vent holes, and the gas inside the inflation ring is subsequently squeezed out by the water pressure, forming a string of bubbles on the water surface. By observing the position and number of bubbles, personnel can visually determine the final location of the device's sinking and the distribution of the deployed devices; based on this, they can assess the progress of the sealing operation, adjust the deployment strategy in a timely manner, ensure efficient and accurate sealing operations, and avoid blind deployment. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the prefabricated rapid sealing device for dam breaches according to the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the four steel plates of the prefabricated dam breach quick sealing device of the present invention in a mutually fitted state.

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the waterstop in the prefabricated dam breach quick sealing device of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of angle steel and waterstop in the prefabricated dam breach quick sealing device of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the two steel plates of the prefabricated dam breach quick sealing device of the present invention in a mutually fitted state.

[0052] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the waterstop structure of the prefabricated dam breach quick sealing device of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sandbag installation for the prefabricated dam breach rapid sealing device of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the capsule of the prefabricated dam breach rapid sealing device of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the connecting pipe of the prefabricated dam breach rapid sealing device of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the vent hole opening of the prefabricated dam breach rapid sealing device of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0057] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the vent hole opening of the prefabricated dam breach rapid sealing device of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0058] In the diagram: 100, sealing component; 110, steel plate; 111, threaded hole one; 120, waterstop; 121, threaded hole two; 130, angle steel; 131, threaded hole three; 140, fixing bolt; 200, adaptation component; 210, sandbag; 220, bladder body; 230, connecting pipe; 240, one-way valve; 250, sealing cap; 260, air ring; 270, vent hole; 280, soluble layer. Detailed Implementation

[0059] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description of this application will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0060] It should be noted that the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "up," "down," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this article are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0061] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention; the term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0062] Example 1: As Figures 1-7 As shown, the prefabricated rapid sealing device for dam breaches in this application includes a sealing component 100 and an adaptation component 200.

[0063] The sealing assembly 100 includes a steel plate 110, a threaded hole one 111, a waterstop 120, a threaded hole two 121, an angle steel 130, a threaded hole three 131, and a fixing bolt 140;

[0064] Adaptive component 200 includes sandbag 210;

[0065] The steel plate 110 is in the shape of a triangular frustum. There are four steel plates 110, which are attached together to form a regular tetrahedron.

[0066] The number of the 200 adaptive components is the same as the number of the 110 steel plates, and they correspond one-to-one.

[0067] Sandbag 210 is fixed to one side of steel plate 110, and sandbag 210 is located outside the regular tetrahedron formed by four steel plates 110 being attached to each other;

[0068] Sandbag 210 is made of woven geotextile.

[0069] Sandbag 210 is filled with river sand.

[0070] Specifically, the device increases the contact area with the bottom of the water by using sandbags 210 to avoid gaps; and the connection and sealing between devices by sandbags 210 can also reduce gaps and improve the sealing effect.

[0071] The internal cavity of the tetrahedron formed by four steel plates 110 bonded together is filled with C40 micro-expansion concrete; the sealing component 100 is used to seal the breach in the dam.

[0072] Specifically, the device increases the counterweight by filling the internal cavity of a tetrahedron formed by four steel plates 110 that are bonded together with each other with C40 micro-expansion concrete, which facilitates sinking to the bottom of the water.

[0073] Specifically, micro-expansion concrete offsets shrinkage deformation through a slight expansion of 0.01%-0.1%, which is better than the volume shrinkage of traditional concrete after solidification. This allows it to better fill the interior of the device and enhance its sealing performance.

[0074] Specifically, triangles possess stability, and when large-scale devices are stacked together, they form a geometrically self-locking structure that can quickly and effectively seal gaps in the dam.

[0075] A series of threaded holes 111 are formed on the surface of the steel plate 110. The series of threaded holes 111 are distributed in a triangular pattern on the steel plate 110.

[0076] The cross-section of the waterstop 120 is arrow-shaped. The number of waterstops 120 is consistent with the number of edges of the tetrahedron formed by the four steel plates 110 being bonded together, and they correspond one-to-one.

[0077] The arrow-shaped waterstop 120 is set between two adjacent steel plates 110, and the steel plates 110 on both sides of the waterstop 120 clamp the arrow part of the waterstop 120.

[0078] The arrow of the waterstop 120 points towards the outside of the tetrahedron formed by the four steel plates 110 being attached to each other;

[0079] The two ends of the waterstop 120 are pointed, and the two ends of multiple waterstops 120 are attached to each other to form a regular tetrahedral frame.

[0080] The arrow-shaped waterstop 120 completely seals the sides of two adjacent triangular truncated steel plates 110.

[0081] The 120 waterstop is made of rubber.

[0082] Specifically, the gaps between adjacent steel plates 110 are sealed by the waterstop 120 to prevent concrete from flowing out of the gaps when C40 micro-expansion concrete is injected into the tetrahedron formed by the four steel plates 110 being bonded together.

[0083] The quantity of angle steel 130 is the same as the quantity of waterstop strip 120, and they correspond one-to-one;

[0084] Angle steel 130 is installed on waterstop 120;

[0085] The surface of the 120 waterstop strip has a second threaded hole 121, and the surface of the 130 angle steel has a third threaded hole 131.

[0086] The fixing bolt 140 is threaded into threaded hole 111, threaded hole 121 and threaded hole 131.

[0087] Specifically, the four steel plates 110 are connected and fixed by means of a fixing bolt 140 threaded into threaded holes 111, 121 and 131.

[0088] Steel plate 110 is Q345B, and fixing bolt 140 is a 10.9 grade high-strength bolt;

[0089] Specifically, bolted connections of multiple steel plates (110) have 80-150% higher fatigue strength than welded connections, a fatigue life of up to 120 years, and a 15% lower cost compared to a fully welded solution.

[0090] The sum of the number of threaded holes 121 on the multiple waterstops 120 is consistent with the sum of the number of threaded holes 111 on the four steel plates 110, and they correspond one-to-one.

[0091] The number of threaded holes 131 on a single angle steel 130 is the same as the number of threaded holes 121 on a single waterstop 120;

[0092] The number of fixing bolts 140 is consistent with the sum of the number of threaded holes 111 on the four steel plates 110, and they correspond one-to-one.

[0093] Specifically, this device can also be disassembled for transport and assembled on-site. After disassembly, the device volume is reduced by 70%, and it can be transported quickly by car, train, airplane, ship, etc., so as to effectively realize the function of emergency rescue and disaster relief when some reservoirs breach their banks.

[0094] Specifically, after the device is injected with C40 micro-expansion concrete, its impact resistance is improved. The modular device can be directly thrown into the gap. The device's stability is ensured by its own weight and geometric self-locking structure, which can withstand the impact of a flow velocity of 7-9 m / s. Furthermore, the invention has wide adaptability and can cover gaps of different sizes through multi-unit splicing. It is economical, simple, and practical.

[0095] Specifically, when using the device, C40 micro-expansion concrete needs to be poured into it. The tetrahedron needs to be inverted on the self-made frame, and the steel plate 110 on the bottom of the tetrahedron should not be assembled first. The device can only be assembled after the concrete is poured.

[0096] Specifically, this device relies on its irregular tetrahedral shape and the tightness of its stacking to form a spatial skeleton structure that resists displacement through interlocking, hooking, and friction. Because the tightness of the stacking directly affects the sealing result, high-intensity throwing is required during sealing. In the advancing and closing phases, a large quantity of this device needs to be thrown in a concentrated, high-intensity, and high-density manner at the head of the embankment and the point where the water flow is strongest. Dense throwing increases the opportunities for contact, collision, and interlocking between the blocks, making it easier to form a stable self-locking structure. When conditions permit, using other materials of a certain gradation, such as boulders of different sizes and yellow sand, with this device acting as the skeleton and small to medium-sized boulders and yellow sand filling the gaps, can significantly improve density and self-locking properties.

[0097] Specifically, the device comes in various sizes and can be modified according to different flow rates. When the flow rate is high, the cone height and bottom side length can be appropriately increased to increase the stability of the cone. Conversely, the cone size can be reduced to save costs. The conversion between different sizes further demonstrates the flexibility of the device.

[0098] Furthermore, this device adopts a stepped deployment process. After the first row of devices is anchored, subsequent units advance along the breach axis, forming a continuous barrier through geometric interlocking. Experiments have verified that this device can complete the sealing of breaches in small and medium-sized earth-rock dams with low head and flow velocities of 5-15 m / s within two hours, intercepting more than 80% of floodwater and effectively preventing the risk of secondary breaches.

[0099] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application above have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0100] After being deployed in large quantities, the devices form a stable spatial skeleton structure through mutual collision, interlocking, and friction, effectively resisting water flow impact and withstanding a flow velocity of 7-9 m / s to prevent being washed away. The devices are connected using 140 fixing bolts instead of welding, allowing for rapid on-site assembly and easy disassembly; after disassembly, the volume is reduced by 70%, facilitating rapid transport to disaster areas via various means of transportation, meeting the timeliness requirements of emergency rescue; and the sandbags 210 fixed on one side further enhance the fit.

[0101] It features high transportation efficiency, excellent impact resistance, convenient construction, simple structure, and strong economy. It is a highly adaptable and fast breach sealing device with advantages such as rapid deployment, timeliness, reliability, and adaptability to complex environments. It is economical, simple, and practical.

[0102] Example 2: When the above device is used, sandbags 210 improve the adhesion between the device and the contact surface for flood prevention. However, during use, when the tetrahedral device is dropped into the water, it sinks with its tip pointing upwards, making it impossible to control whether the tip points upwards or downwards. This results in large gaps between multiple devices that sink into the water. Therefore, the solution in Example 1 is improved, as follows: Figures 7-9 As shown:

[0103] The adaptation component 200 also includes a capsule 220, a connecting tube 230, a one-way valve 240, and a sealing cap 250;

[0104] The capsule 220 is fixed to the side of the steel plate 110, and the capsule 220 is located inside the regular tetrahedron formed by the four steel plates 110 being attached to each other.

[0105] A connecting tube 230 is fixed inside the sandbag 210, and one end of the connecting tube 230 passes through the steel plate 110 and connects with the bag body 220;

[0106] A one-way valve 240 is fixed on the sandbag 210, and the connecting pipe 230 is connected to the one-way valve 240;

[0107] The capsule 220 is made of hydrogenated nitrile rubber.

[0108] Specifically, the hydrogenated nitrile rubber capsule 220 has excellent scratch resistance, preventing it from being scratched by sharp materials inside the concrete it is filled with.

[0109] The one-way valve 240 only allows external air to enter the bladder 220.

[0110] Specifically, during the use of the device, if it is desired that the tip of the device is lowered when entering the water, the tetrahedron is placed upside down on the self-made frame during assembly and filling, leaving the steel plate 110 with the bottom surface of the tetrahedron unassembled. After the concrete is poured but has not yet solidified, the bladder 220 on the last installed steel plate 110 is inflated and assembled, and fixed with the fixing bolt 140, so that the bladder 220 presses against the concrete to form an air storage chamber; and when the device is put into the water, the tip of the device away from the inflated bladder 220 is positioned downwards; after the device enters the water, the inflated bladder 220 will keep the tip pointing downwards as the device falls.

[0111] When pouring concrete, it is not necessary to pour it completely. Leave a certain gap between the concrete surface and the upper opening so that the bladder 220 has a certain storage space. This will prevent the expanded bladder 220 from squeezing out the concrete inside when the steel plate 110 used for sealing is installed later.

[0112] The check valve 240 has external threads, and the inner ring of the sealing cap 250 has threads that are compatible with the external threads of the check valve 240. The sealing cap 250 is threadedly connected to the check valve 240.

[0113] Specifically, by threading the sealing cap 250 onto the one-way valve 240, it can be prevented that after the device enters the water, the water pressure will force the one-way valve 240 open, causing water to enter the bladder 220 and the gas to be discharged, making it impossible to control the device's falling posture.

[0114] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application above have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0115] To ensure the correct water entry posture, the bladder 220 on one side of the steel plate 110 can be inflated before deployment. Due to the change in buoyancy and center of gravity, the device will naturally sink with the inflated side facing up and the tip of the opposite side facing down after entering the water. The stacking of multiple devices with the tip facing up and the tip facing down can significantly reduce the gap between units, making the formed sealing body tighter, effectively improving sealing and stability, and avoiding the structural loosening problem caused by disordered deployment.

[0116] Example 3: In the above embodiment, the expansion of the capsule 220 controls the device's descent into the water. However, during use, the water flow impacts the device, making it impossible to control its landing position, and workers cannot determine the landing location. Therefore, the solution in Example 2 is improved, such as... Figures 10-11 As shown:

[0117] The adaptation component 200 also includes an inflation ring 260, an exhaust port 270, and a soluble layer 280;

[0118] The inflation ring 260 is ring-shaped and fixed to the side of the steel plate 110. The inflation ring 260 is located inside the regular tetrahedron formed by the four steel plates 110 fitting together.

[0119] The capsule 220 is located inside the inflation ring 260, and an exhaust hole 270 is opened on the steel plate 110. An easily soluble layer 280 is fixed inside the exhaust hole 270.

[0120] The soluble layer 280 seals the vent hole 270, and the soluble layer 280 is made of polyvinyl alcohol.

[0121] Specifically, during the use of the device, the air ring 260 is filled with gas. When the device enters the water, the water gradually comes into contact with the soluble layer 280, thereby dissolving the soluble layer 280. The gas inside the air ring 260 can then be squeezed out by the water, gradually producing bubbles on the water surface to remind workers to determine the location.

[0122] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application above have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0123] Once the device is submerged in water, the water dissolves the soluble layer 280 that seals the vent 270. The gas within the inflation ring 260 is then forced out by the water pressure, forming a string of bubbles on the water surface. Personnel can visually determine the device's final sinking location and the distribution of deployed devices by observing the position and number of bubbles. This allows them to assess the sealing progress, adjust the deployment strategy promptly, and ensure efficient and accurate sealing operations, avoiding indiscriminate deployment.

[0124] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated rapid sealing device for dam breaches, characterized in that, Includes a plugging component (100) and an adaptation component (200); The sealing assembly (100) includes a steel plate (110), and the adaptation assembly (200) includes a sandbag (210), a bladder (220), a connecting pipe (230), a one-way valve (240), and a sealing cap (250). The steel plate (110) is a triangular frustum shape. There are four steel plates (110), and the four steel plates (110) are fitted together to form a regular tetrahedron. The number of adaptive components (200) is consistent with the number of steel plates (110), and they correspond one-to-one; The sandbag (210) is fixed to one side of the steel plate (110), and the sandbag (210) is located outside the regular tetrahedron formed by the four steel plates (110) fitting together; The internal cavity of the tetrahedron formed by four steel plates (110) bonded together is filled with C40 micro-expansion concrete; the sealing component (100) is used to seal the breach in the dam; The capsule (220) is fixed to the side of the steel plate (110), and the capsule (220) is located inside the tetrahedron formed by the four steel plates (110) fitting together; A connecting tube (230) is fixed inside the sandbag (210), and one end of the connecting tube (230) passes through the steel plate (110) and connects with the bladder (220); A one-way valve (240) is fixed on the sandbag (210), and a connecting pipe (230) is connected to the one-way valve (240); The check valve (240) has external threads, and the inner ring of the sealing cap (250) has threads that are compatible with the external threads of the check valve (240). The sealing cap (250) is threaded onto the check valve (240). The bladder (220) on one side of the steel plate (110) is inflated to make it expand. After the device is submerged in water, it will naturally sink with the inflated side facing up and the tip of the opposite side facing down.

2. The prefabricated rapid sealing device for dam breaches as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing assembly (100) also includes a threaded hole one (111), a waterstop (120), a threaded hole two (121), an angle steel (130), a threaded hole three (131), and a fixing bolt (140). A threaded hole (111) is opened on the surface of the steel plate (110). There are multiple threaded holes (111), and the multiple threaded holes (111) are distributed in a triangular pattern on the steel plate (110). The cross-section of the waterstop (120) is arrow-shaped. The number of waterstops (120) is consistent with the number of edges of the tetrahedron formed by the four steel plates (110) being attached to each other, and they correspond one-to-one. The arrow-shaped waterstop (120) is set between two adjacent steel plates (110), and the steel plates (110) on both sides of the waterstop (120) hold the arrow part of the waterstop (120); The number of angle steel (130) is the same as the number of waterstop strips (120), and they correspond one-to-one; Angle steel (130) is set on waterstop (120); The surface of the waterstop (120) has two threaded holes (121), and the surface of the angle steel (130) has three threaded holes (131). The fixing bolt (140) is threaded into threaded hole one (111), threaded hole two (121) and threaded hole three (131).

3. The prefabricated rapid sealing device for dam breaches as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The arrow of the waterstop (120) points towards the outside of the tetrahedron formed by the four steel plates (110) being attached to each other; The two ends of the waterstop (120) are pointed, and the two ends of multiple waterstops (120) are attached to each other to form a regular tetrahedral frame.

4. The prefabricated rapid sealing device for dam breaches as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The waterstop (120) is made of rubber; The steel plate (110) is Q345B, and the fixing bolt (140) is a 10.9 grade high-strength bolt.

5. The prefabricated rapid sealing device for dam breaches as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The sum of the number of threaded holes 2 (121) on multiple waterstops (120) is consistent with the sum of the number of threaded holes 1 (111) on four steel plates (110), and they correspond one-to-one; The number of threaded holes three (131) on a single angle steel (130) is the same as the number of threaded holes two (121) on a single waterstop (120); The number of fixing bolts (140) is consistent with the sum of the number of threaded holes (111) on the four steel plates (110), and they correspond one-to-one.

6. The prefabricated rapid sealing device for dam breaches as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The arrow-shaped waterstop (120) completely seals the sides of two adjacent triangular truncated steel plates (110).

7. The prefabricated rapid sealing device for dam breaches as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sandbags (210) are made of woven geotextile. The sandbag (210) is filled with river sand.

8. The prefabricated rapid sealing device for dam breaches as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The one-way valve (240) only allows outside air to enter the bladder (220).

9. The prefabricated rapid sealing device for dam breaches as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptation component (200) also includes an inflation ring (260), an exhaust port (270), and a soluble layer (280); The inflation ring (260) is ring-shaped and fixed to the side of the steel plate (110). The inflation ring (260) is located inside the tetrahedron formed by the four steel plates (110) fitting together. The capsule (220) is located inside the inflation ring (260), and an exhaust hole (270) is opened on the steel plate (110). An easily soluble layer (280) is fixed inside the exhaust hole (270). The soluble layer (280) seals the vent hole (270), and the soluble layer (280) is made of polyvinyl alcohol.

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