Loading mechanism
By using discarded composite beams as specimen loading platforms, combined with reaction support structures and loading devices, load self-balancing is achieved, solving the problems of high construction costs and low space utilization in existing technologies, reducing testing costs and improving spatial flexibility.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511604751.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-16
AI Technical Summary
Existing structural loading devices have high construction costs, low space utilization, and high initial testing expenses, making it difficult to reuse waste.
A discarded composite beam was used as a loading platform for the specimen. Combined with a reaction support structure and a loading device, the load self-balancing was achieved through anchor rods and anchoring platforms, eliminating the need for excavating reaction trenches. The processed discarded composite beam was used as a loading platform for the specimen.
It achieves load self-balancing, reduces pre-experiment costs, improves space utilization, and is easy to dismantle and repurpose, significantly improving economic benefits and the flexibility of the test space.
Smart Images
Figure CN121347084A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge component deterioration assessment technology, and in particular to a loading mechanism. Background Technology
[0002] The existing structural loading device mainly consists of a reaction trench, a reaction frame, a loading test device, and a control system. The reaction trench is an anchoring system pre-embedded in the laboratory floor, used to fix the reaction frame base and prevent slippage or overturning during loading. The main body of the reaction frame is a high-rigidity steel structure, with its base anchored in the reaction trench, providing the supporting reaction force required for the test. The loading test device includes a hydraulic servo actuator and a connected pressure sensor. The actuator simulates the load on the structure, and the sensor collects load data. The control system uses a manual pump station or a fully digital electro-hydraulic servo system to achieve precise control of force and displacement and multi-channel coordinated loading. When testing a structure using this loading device, the specimen is first placed inside the reaction frame, then the reaction frame is anchored through the trench. The load is applied using a hydraulic actuator, and the force and deformation are monitored in real time by sensors. Finally, the data is fed back to the control system to adjust the loading strategy. However, the construction cost of reaction trenches is high, requiring deep foundation pits and high-precision positioning, resulting in high initial testing costs and making them uneconomical. Furthermore, the space utilization rate of the trench area is low, as it is difficult to repurpose the location later, leading to wasted space. Therefore, a loading mechanism is urgently needed to solve the aforementioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a loading mechanism that solves the problems existing in the prior art, is more economical, realizes the reuse of waste, and has a high degree of flexibility in the test space.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: This invention provides a loading mechanism, including a specimen loading platform, a reaction support structure, and a loading device. The specimen loading platform includes a discarded composite beam placed on a horizontal surface. The discarded composite beam includes a flange and a web. Multiple anchoring platforms are fixedly connected to the web along its length, and the anchoring platforms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the web and extend beyond the flange. The reaction support structure includes a distribution beam, a reaction beam, and anchor rods. The distribution beam is located below the reaction beam, perpendicular to the reaction beam, and fixedly connected. The flange of the distribution beam is fitted to the flange of the reaction beam. The anchor rods are fixedly connected to both ends of the reaction beam. The anchor rods at both ends of the reaction beam pass through the symmetrically arranged anchoring platforms on both sides of the web and are fixedly connected to the anchoring platforms. The loading device is fixedly connected to the distribution beam and located on its lower end face. At least two support blocks are provided on the upper end face of the discarded composite beam. The specimen to be tested is placed on the support blocks, and the specimen is located below the loading device and fitted to the output end of the loading device.
[0005] In some embodiments, there are four anchor bolts and two reaction beams, with one anchor bolt fixedly connected to each end of each reaction beam, and the two reaction beams being vertically fixedly connected above the two ends of the distribution beam.
[0006] In some embodiments, the anchor rod has external threads, and at least two locking nuts are threaded to both ends of the anchor rod. The upper and lower flanges of the reaction beam are both perforated, and the upper end of the anchor rod can pass through the upper and lower flanges. The two locking nuts at the upper end of the anchor rod are respectively attached to the upper surface of the upper flange and the lower surface of the lower flange of the reaction beam, and the two locking nuts at the lower end of the anchor rod are respectively attached to the upper surface of the anchoring platform and the lower surface of the anchoring platform.
[0007] In some embodiments, the anchoring platform includes a base plate, a first vertical plate, and a second vertical plate. The base plate is parallel to the flange of the abandoned composite beam and is fixedly connected to the web of the abandoned composite beam. The first vertical plate is perpendicular to the flange and web of the abandoned composite beam. Two first vertical plates are arranged in parallel and are respectively fixedly connected to both sides of the base plate. The first vertical plate is fixedly connected to the web of the abandoned composite beam. The second vertical plate is parallel to the web of the abandoned composite beam and is fixedly connected to the end of the base plate away from the web of the abandoned composite beam. The second vertical plate is also fixedly connected to the end of the first vertical plate away from the web of the abandoned composite beam. Two locking nuts are respectively attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the base plate.
[0008] In some embodiments, a plurality of stiffening plates are fixedly provided on the web of the abandoned composite beam, the plurality of stiffening plates are arranged in parallel, and two first vertical plates are respectively provided on both sides of a stiffening plate.
[0009] In some embodiments, both the distribution beam and the reaction beam are I-beams and have two parallel webs.
[0010] In some embodiments, the system further includes a first steel plate, a second steel plate, and a first screw. The first steel plate is attached to the upper surface of the reaction beam, and the second steel plate is attached to the lower surface of the distribution beam. Multiple first screws are provided, and each first screw can pass through the first steel plate and the second steel plate and be threadedly connected to a first fixing nut. The first fixing nut is provided on both the upper surface of the first steel plate and the lower surface of the second steel plate.
[0011] In some embodiments, the abandoned composite beam is a π-shaped beam, and high-performance concrete is poured between the two webs of the abandoned composite beam, and the high-performance concrete can extend beyond the ends of the webs of the abandoned composite beam to fix the abandoned composite beam to the ground.
[0012] In some embodiments, the loading device includes a control system, a jack, a third steel plate, a fourth steel plate, and a second screw. The control system controls the operation of the jack. The third steel plate is attached to the upper surface of the distribution beam, and the fourth steel plate is attached to the lower surface of the distribution beam. Multiple second screws are provided, and each second screw can pass through the third and fourth steel plates and be threadedly connected to a second fixing nut. The second fixing nut is provided on both the upper and lower surfaces of the third and fourth steel plates. The jack is fixedly connected to the fourth steel plate, and the output end of the jack is attached to the test piece.
[0013] In some embodiments, a force transmission pad is also included, which is fitted to the output end of the jack, and the end of the force transmission pad away from the jack is fitted to the upper surface of the test piece.
[0014] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: The loading mechanism provided by this invention can achieve load self-balancing during testing. The first force transmission path is as follows: Pressure is applied through a loading device connected to a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor, while collecting load data, transmits pressure to a designated location on the specimen. After being subjected to force, the specimen ultimately transfers the downward pressure load to the discarded composite beam. The second force transmission path is as follows: When the loading device transmits force, it encounters resistance from the specimen. This resistance is transmitted as pressure to the distribution beam, which then transmits the load to the reaction beam. The reaction beam experiences an upward thrust, but due to the presence of the anchor rod, the pressure is converted into an axial tensile force on the anchor rod. The lower end of the anchor rod is fixedly connected to the anchoring platform, generating an upward thrust on the anchoring platform. The anchoring platform ultimately applies an upward tensile force to the discarded composite beam. The downward pressure on the discarded composite beam in the first force transmission path and the upward tensile force in the discarded composite beam in the second force transmission path cancel each other out, achieving load self-balancing. By directly utilizing discarded composite beams (with added anchoring platforms) after processing, a loading platform for the specimens was created, achieving waste utilization. This eliminates the need for ground-level load balancing via anchoring, saving the cost of excavating reaction trenches. Compared to traditional reaction frames, this significantly reduces pre-experiment costs and reduces steel consumption, resulting in substantial economic benefits. Furthermore, since the experimental setup eliminates the need for ground anchors and its components are easily disassembled, the original loading position can be easily repurposed after the experiment, greatly improving space utilization and enhancing the flexibility of the experimental space. Attached Figure Description
[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the loading mechanism in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the specimen loading stage in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reaction support structure in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the loading device in some embodiments of the present invention.
[0017] In the diagram: 1-Abandoned composite beam; 11-Stiffening plate; 2-Anchoring platform; 21-Base plate; 22-First vertical plate; 23-Second vertical plate; 3-Reaction support structure; 31-Distribution beam; 32-Reaction beam; 33-Anchor rod; 34-First steel plate; 35-Second steel plate; 36-First screw; 37-First fixing nut; 4-Loading device; 41-Jack; 42-Third steel plate; 43-Fourth steel plate; 44-Second screw; 45-Second fixing nut; 5-Support pad; 6-Force transmission pad; 7-High-performance concrete. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0019] The purpose of this invention is to provide a loading mechanism that solves the problems existing in the prior art, is more economical, realizes the reuse of waste, and has a high degree of flexibility in the test space.
[0020] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0021] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a loading mechanism, including a specimen loading platform, a reaction support structure 3, and a loading device 4. The specimen loading platform includes a discarded composite beam 1, which is placed on a horizontal plane. The discarded composite beam 1 includes a flange and a web, wherein multiple anchoring platforms 2 are fixedly connected to the web along its length, and the anchoring platforms 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the web and extend out of the flange. The reaction support structure 3 includes a distribution beam 31, a reaction beam 32, and an anchor rod 33. The distribution beam 31 is located below the reaction beam 32 and is perpendicular to and fixedly connected to the reaction beam 32. Furthermore, the flange of the distribution beam 31 is fitted with the flange of the reaction beam 32. Anchor rods 33 are fixedly connected to both ends of the reaction beam 32. The anchor rods 33 at both ends of the reaction beam 32 pass through the anchoring platforms 2 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the web and are fixedly connected to the anchoring platforms 2. The loading device 4 is fixedly connected to the distribution beam 31 and located on the lower end face of the distribution beam 31. At least two support pads 5 are provided on the upper end face of the waste composite beam 1. The test piece is placed on the support pads 5, and the test piece is located below the loading device 4 and fitted with the output end of the loading device 4.
[0022] During the test, this loading mechanism achieved load self-balancing. The first force transmission path is as follows: Pressure is applied through the loading device 4, which is connected to a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor, while collecting load data, transmits the pressure to a designated location on the specimen. After being subjected to force, the specimen ultimately transfers the downward pressure load to the abandoned composite beam 1. The second force transmission path is as follows: When the loading device 4 transmits force, it encounters resistance from the specimen. This resistance is transmitted as pressure to the distribution beam 31, which then transmits the load to the reaction beam 32. The reaction beam 32 experiences an upward thrust, but due to the presence of the anchor rod 33, the pressure is converted into an axial tensile force on the anchor rod 33. The lower end of the anchor rod 33 is fixedly connected to the anchoring platform 2, generating an upward thrust on the anchoring platform 2. The anchoring platform 2 ultimately applies an upward tensile force to the abandoned composite beam 1. The downward pressure on the abandoned composite beam 1 in the first force transmission path and the upward tensile force on the abandoned composite beam 1 in the second force transmission path cancel each other out, achieving load self-balancing.
[0023] By directly utilizing the processed (with added anchoring platform 2) discarded composite beam 1 as the specimen loading platform, waste was reused. This eliminates the need for ground-level load balancing via anchoring, saving the cost of excavating reaction trenches. Compared to traditional reaction frames, this significantly reduces pre-experiment costs and reduces steel consumption, resulting in substantial economic benefits. Furthermore, since the experimental setup eliminates the need for ground anchors and its components are easily disassembled, the original loading position can be easily repurposed after the experiment, greatly improving space utilization and enhancing the flexibility of the experimental space.
[0024] In some embodiments, there are four anchor rods 33 and two reaction beams 32. Each reaction beam 32 has an anchor rod 33 fixedly connected to both ends. The two reaction beams 32 are respectively vertically fixed above the two ends of the distribution beam 31. The four anchor rods 33 are symmetrically distributed (two for each of the two reaction beams 32), which can uniformly convert the upward thrust force borne by the reaction beam 32 into the axial tensile force of the anchor rods 33, avoiding local stress concentration. The two reaction beams 32 are respectively fixed above the two ends of the distribution beam 31, which can balance the torque at both ends of the distribution beam 31 generated by loading, prevent the distribution beam 31 from tilting or deforming, and ensure that the pressure of the loading device 4 on the specimen is vertical and stable.
[0025] In some embodiments, the anchor rod 33 has external threads, and at least two locking nuts are threaded to both ends of the anchor rod 33. The upper and lower flanges of the reaction beam 32 are both perforated, allowing the upper end of the anchor rod 33 to pass through them. The two locking nuts at the upper end of the anchor rod 33 are respectively attached to the upper surface of the upper flange and the lower surface of the lower flange of the reaction beam 32. The two locking nuts at the lower end of the anchor rod 33 are respectively attached to the upper surface of the anchoring platform 2 and the lower surface of the anchoring platform 2. The anchor rod 33 employs a double-nut design with at least two locking nuts at both ends. The preload between the nuts creates an anti-loosening effect, effectively resisting nut loosening caused by load fluctuations or vibrations during the test, ensuring stable reaction force transmission. The upper and lower flanges of the reaction beam 32 and the upper and lower surfaces of the anchoring platform 2 are tightly locked by nuts, forming a rigid connection between the anchor rod 33, the reaction beam 32, and the anchoring platform 2, preventing relative displacement at the connection nodes and ensuring the integrity of the force transmission path. The anchor rod 33 is threaded with a locking nut, allowing for flexible adjustment of the installation height of the reaction beam 32 or fine-tuning of the distance between the anchoring platform 2 and the reaction beam 32 by rotating the nut. This easily accommodates reaction beams 32 of different thicknesses and anchoring platforms 2 of different heights, eliminating the need for custom-made anchor rods 33 of specific lengths. The threaded connection eliminates the need for welding or other destructive installation methods; simply loosening the nut allows for separation of the anchor rod 33 from the reaction beam 32 and anchoring platform 2, making disassembly quick and without damaging the components.
[0026] In some embodiments, the anchoring platform 2 includes a base plate 21, a first vertical plate 22, and a second vertical plate 23. The base plate 21 is parallel to the flange of the abandoned composite beam 1 and is fixedly connected to the web of the abandoned composite beam 1. The first vertical plate 22 is perpendicular to the flange and web of the abandoned composite beam 1. Two first vertical plates 22 are arranged in parallel and are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the base plate 21. The first vertical plate 22 is fixedly connected to the web of the abandoned composite beam 1, and the top and bottom of the first vertical plate 22 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper flange and lower flange of the abandoned composite beam 1. The second vertical plate 23 is parallel to the web of the abandoned composite beam 1 and is fixedly connected to the end of the base plate 21 away from the web of the abandoned composite beam 1. The second vertical plate 23 is also fixedly connected to the end of the first vertical plate 22 away from the web of the abandoned composite beam 1. Two locking nuts are respectively attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the base plate 21. The base plate 21, the first vertical plate 22, and the second vertical plate 23 form a box-shaped frame structure. Compared to a single flat plate, this significantly improves the overall rigidity of the anchoring platform 2, preventing bending or tearing of the anchoring platform 2 due to excessive tension in the anchor rod 33. The first vertical plate 22 is simultaneously fixed to both the web of the abandoned composite beam 1 and the base plate 21 of the anchoring platform 2, effectively increasing the connection area between the anchoring platform 2 and the web. This allows the upward thrust transmitted by the anchor rod 33 to be evenly distributed onto the web, reducing localized stress concentration. The second vertical plate 23 closes the ends of the box-shaped frame, preventing lateral deformation of the anchoring platform 2 during stress. It also provides additional support for the base plate 21, ensuring that the tension in the anchor rod 33 is vertically transmitted to the base plate 21 and then stably transmitted to the abandoned composite beam 1. It should be noted that the connections of the base plate 21, the first vertical plate 22, and the second vertical plate 23 to the web of the abandoned composite beam 1 are all achieved using full penetration welding. The connection between the first vertical plate 22 and the flange of the abandoned composite beam 1 is also achieved using full penetration welding.
[0027] In some embodiments, multiple stiffening plates 11 are fixedly installed on the web of the abandoned composite beam 1. The multiple stiffening plates 11 are arranged in parallel, and two first vertical plates 22 are respectively arranged on both sides of one stiffening plate 11. Anchoring platforms 2 are arranged at the positions of the stiffening plates 11 on the web of the abandoned composite beam 1. During loading, the anchoring platforms 2 may have a tendency to rotate around the bottom plate 21 due to the tension of the anchor rods 33. The stiffening plates 11 can limit the lateral tilt of the first vertical plates 22 through their own stiffness, ensuring that the anchoring platforms 2 always maintain a vertical connection with the web, and ensuring that the tension is vertically transmitted to the web. The parallel stiffening plates 11 can significantly improve the out-of-plane stiffness and shear strength of the web, and effectively suppress the local concavity or bulging deformation of the web caused by the tension of the anchor rods 33.
[0028] In some embodiments, both the distribution beam 31 and the reaction beam 32 are I-beams with two parallel webs. The upper and lower flanges can effectively withstand the tensile and compressive stresses generated by bending, while the two parallel webs in the middle mainly bear the shear force, resulting in a large moment of inertia. When transferring the pressure or reaction force of the loading device 4, it can resist a large bending moment with a smaller cross-sectional size, avoiding bending deformation of the beam and ensuring accurate load transfer. Compared with a single web, the design of two parallel webs can significantly improve the torsional stiffness of the beam. If a slight load skew occurs during the test, the double webs can effectively suppress the torsional tendency of the beam, preventing the distribution beam 31 or the reaction beam 32 from shifting due to torsion, thus ensuring the stability of the test.
[0029] In some embodiments, the loading mechanism further includes a first steel plate 34, a second steel plate 35, and a first screw 36. The first steel plate 34 is attached to the upper surface of the reaction beam 32, and the second steel plate 35 is attached to the lower surface of the distribution beam 31. Multiple first screws 36 are provided, and each screw 36 can pass through the first steel plate 34 and the second steel plate 35 and be threadedly connected to a first fixing nut 37. The first fixing nut 37 is provided on both the upper surface of the first steel plate 34 and the lower surface of the second steel plate 35. The first steel plate 34 (on the reaction beam 32) and the second steel plate 35 (below the distribution beam 31) form an upper and lower clamping structure, enclosing the intersecting beams in the middle, effectively expanding the stress-bearing area of the connection node and avoiding stress concentration. Simultaneously, the distribution beam 31 and the reaction beam 32 are fixed in relative position through the structure of the steel plates and screws, facilitating installation and disassembly. For distribution beams 31 and reaction beams 32 with different structural specifications, frequent replacement of steel plates and screws is not required.
[0030] In some embodiments, the discarded composite beam 1 is a π-shaped beam. High-performance concrete 7 is poured between the two webs of the discarded composite beam 1, and the high-performance concrete 7 extends beyond the ends of the webs of the discarded composite beam 1 to fix the discarded composite beam 1 to the ground. High-performance concrete 7 is a new type of high-tech concrete, produced using conventional materials and processes, possessing all the mechanical properties required for concrete structures, and exhibiting high durability, high workability, and high volume stability. The high-performance concrete 7 filling between the two webs is equivalent to forming a steel-concrete composite section. The concrete can withstand some of the pressure, while the steel webs bear the shear and tension forces. Compared to a hollow π-shaped beam, the overall bending stiffness can be improved to a certain extent, effectively preventing the beam from bending or torsion under specimen pressure. Discarded π-shaped beams may have problems such as localized corrosion of the webs and flange deformation. High-performance concrete 7 can fill the internal voids of the beam, encapsulate damaged areas, and integrate the dispersed steel components into a unified load-bearing unit, enabling the discarded beam to once again meet the load-bearing requirements of the loading platform, maximizing the value of waste utilization. The concrete extension end is poured directly onto the ground and fixed by the friction between the concrete and the ground and its own weight. There is no need to dig trenches or insert ground anchors, which avoids damage to the test site ground and reduces the initial construction cost and time.
[0031] In some embodiments, the loading device 4 includes a control system, a jack 41, a third steel plate 42, a fourth steel plate 43, and a second screw 44. The control system is used to control the operation of the jack 41. The third steel plate 42 is attached to the upper surface of the distribution beam 31, and the fourth steel plate 43 is attached to the lower surface of the distribution beam 31. Multiple second screws 44 are provided, and the second screws 44 can pass through the third steel plate 42 and the fourth steel plate 43 and be threadedly connected to a second fixing nut 45. The second fixing nut 45 is provided on both the upper surface of the third steel plate 42 and the lower surface of the fourth steel plate 43. The jack 41 is fixedly connected to the fourth steel plate 43, and the output end of the jack 41 is attached to the test piece. The third steel plate 42 (above the distribution beam 31) and the fourth steel plate 43 (below the distribution beam 31) form a clamping structure, which is locked with multiple second screws 44 and double nuts. The fourth steel plate 43 can provide a reliable installation platform for the jack 41 and can prevent the jack 41 from shifting or tilting due to reaction force during loading.
[0032] In some embodiments, the loading device 4 further includes a force transmission pad 6, which is fitted onto the output end of the jack 41, with the end of the force transmission pad 6 away from the jack 41 fitted onto the upper surface of the test specimen. The force transmission pad 6 can convert the point load at the output end of the jack 41 into a surface load, increasing the contact area with the test specimen and preventing the specimen surface from being crushed or undergoing unexpected local deformation due to excessive local pressure when the jack 41 acts directly on the specimen. If there are minor unevennesses on the upper surface of the test specimen, the force transmission pad 6 can eliminate this error through its own flat contact surface, ensuring that the load is evenly distributed in the loading area of the specimen and ensuring that the test stress state is consistent with the design conditions. The force transmission pad 6 can be customized in size (length, width, thickness) and material (such as metal, high-strength resin, etc.) according to the loading requirements of the test specimen (such as contact area, shape, material hardness), adapting to different types of specimens without replacing the jack 41, reducing the adaptation cost of the testing equipment.
[0033] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.
Claims
1. A loading mechanism characterized by: The test piece loading table includes a waste composite beam, the waste composite beam is placed on a horizontal plane, the waste composite beam includes flanges and a web, wherein a plurality of anchor bases are fixedly connected on the web along the length direction, and the anchor bases are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the web and extend out of the flanges, the counterforce support structure includes a distribution beam, a counterforce beam and anchor rods, the distribution beam is located below the counterforce beam and is fixedly connected with the counterforce beam vertically, and the flanges of the distribution beam are arranged in close contact with the flanges of the counterforce beam, the two ends of the counterforce beam are fixedly connected with the anchor rods, the anchor rods at the two ends of the counterforce beam respectively pass through the anchor bases symmetrically arranged on both sides of the web and are fixedly connected with the anchor bases, the loading device is fixedly connected with the distribution beam and located on the lower end surface of the distribution beam, and the upper end surface of the waste composite beam is provided with at least two supporting pads, the test piece to be tested is placed on the supporting pads and located below the loading device and arranged in close contact with the output end of the loading device.
2. The loading mechanism of claim 1, wherein: The number of anchor rods is four, and the number of counterforce beams is two, one anchor rod is fixedly connected with each end of each counterforce beam, and two counterforce beams are vertically fixedly connected above the two end portions of the distribution beam.
3. The loading mechanism of claim 1, wherein: The anchor rod has external threads, at least two lock nuts are threadedly connected with the two end portions of the anchor rod, the upper flanges and the lower flanges of the counterforce beam are both provided with holes, the upper end of the anchor rod can pass through the upper flanges and the lower flanges, the two lock nuts of the upper end of the anchor rod are respectively arranged in close contact with the upper surface of the upper flange and the lower surface of the lower flange of the counterforce beam, and the two lock nuts of the lower end of the anchor rod are respectively arranged in close contact with the upper surface of the anchor base and the lower surface of the anchor base.
4. The loading mechanism of claim 3, wherein: The anchor base includes a bottom plate, a first vertical plate and a second vertical plate, the bottom plate is parallel to the flange of the waste composite beam and is fixedly connected with the web of the waste composite beam, the first vertical plate is perpendicular to the flange and the web of the waste composite beam, two first vertical plates are parallel arranged and are vertically fixedly connected with the two sides of the bottom plate, the first vertical plate is fixedly connected with the web of the waste composite beam, the second vertical plate is parallel to the web of the waste composite beam, the second vertical plate is vertically fixedly connected with one end of the bottom plate away from the web of the waste composite beam, and the second vertical plate is vertically fixedly connected with one end of the first vertical plate away from the web of the waste composite beam, and the two lock nuts are respectively arranged in close contact with the upper surface of the bottom plate and the lower surface of the bottom plate.
5. The loading mechanism of claim 4, wherein: A plurality of stiffening plates are fixedly arranged on the web of the waste composite beam, and the two first vertical plates are respectively arranged on both sides of one stiffening plate.
6. The loading mechanism of claim 1, wherein: The distribution beam and the counterforce beam are both I-shaped beams and have two parallel arranged webs.
7. The loading mechanism of claim 1, wherein: The first steel plate is attached to the upper surface of the counter-force beam, the second steel plate is attached to the lower surface of the distribution beam, and the first screw rod is provided with a plurality of first screw nuts which are screwed through the first steel plate and the second steel plate.
8. The loading mechanism of claim 1, wherein: The waste composite beam is a π-shaped beam, high-performance concrete is cast between the two webs of the waste composite beam, and the high-performance concrete can extend out of the end of the web of the waste composite beam to achieve the fixation of the waste composite beam to the ground.
9. The loading mechanism of claim 1, wherein: The loading device comprises a control system, a jack, a third steel plate, a fourth steel plate and a second screw rod, the control system is used to control the operation of the jack, the third steel plate is attached to the upper surface of the distribution beam, the fourth steel plate is attached to the lower surface of the distribution beam, the second screw rod is provided with a plurality of second screw nuts which are screwed through the third steel plate and the fourth steel plate, the second screw nuts are arranged on the upper surface of the third steel plate and the lower surface of the fourth steel plate, the jack is fixedly connected to the fourth steel plate, and the output end of the jack is attached to the test piece.
10. The loading mechanism of claim 9, wherein: The force transmission cushion block is attached to the output end of the jack, and the end of the force transmission cushion block away from the jack is attached to the upper surface of the test piece.