Method and device for preventing and controlling sand production of gas storage

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas reservoir well completion, in particular to a gas storage sand production control method and device. The method comprises the following steps: in a gas storage well completion process, replacing drilling cuttings carried during backflushing by using a dissolvable sand consolidation liquid medicine, and plugging an annulus by using a sleeve and annulus plugging technology; and under the conditions that the gas storage is in a gas storage operation state and the operation pressure of the gas storage reaches a packer under-pressure operation pressure threshold value, the gas storage is controlled to perform well opening and gas discharging, and an oil pipe gas layer is sealed through the packer to achieve a layered injection and production operation system. By the adoption of the scheme, the sand production prevention and control facility of the gas storage can be completed during well completion.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of oil and gas reservoir completion, and particularly relates to a gas storage reservoir sand prevention and control method and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the sand prevention measures of the depleted oil and gas reservoir gas storage are mostly mature sand prevention technologies for oil and gas reservoir development, such as expandable sand screen (ESS) and open hole gravel pack (OHGP). However, some sand prevention technologies need to be constructed during well completion, such as fracturing and packing, artificial well wall, integrated perforation sand prevention technology, and separate layer extrusion packing technology. It can be seen that the construction of the sand prevention and control facilities of the gas storage will be completed during the well completion, which will be the main development direction of the sand prevention measures of the depleted oil and gas reservoir gas storage in the future. SUMMARY

[0003] The present disclosure aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0004] To this end, a first object of the present disclosure is to provide a gas storage reservoir sand prevention and control method to complete the construction of the sand prevention and control facilities of the gas storage during well completion.

[0005] A second object of the present disclosure is to provide a gas storage reservoir sand prevention and control device.

[0006] A third object of the present disclosure is to provide an electronic device.

[0007] A fourth object of the present disclosure is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0008] A fifth object of the present disclosure is to provide a computer program product.

[0009] To achieve the above objects, a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a gas storage reservoir sand prevention and control method, comprising:

[0010] During the well completion of the gas storage, the drill cuttings carried during the back flushing are replaced by the soluble sand fixation fluid, and the annulus is sealed by the casing and annulus sealing technology;

[0011] When the gas storage is in a gas storage operation state and the operating pressure of the gas storage reaches a packer pressure operation threshold, the gas storage is controlled to open the well for gas release, and the separate layer injection and production operation system is realized by the packer closed tubing gas layer.

[0012] Optionally, the use of the soluble sand fixation fluid to replace the drill cuttings carried during the back flushing, and the use of the casing and annulus sealing technology to seal the annulus, comprises:

[0013] Lowering a casing to a bottom of a well of the gas storage, and controlling the casing to be flushed to the ground to carry out the drill cuttings in the well, wherein a bottom of the casing is provided with a casing shoe;

[0014] Lifting the casing to the casing shoe, and flushing a dissolvable sand consolidation fluid to a depth below the casing shoe, so that components in the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid are dispersed, and the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid fills in an annulus below the casing shoe;

[0015] Lowering a tubing into the well of the gas storage, a bottom end of the tubing is provided with a packer and a first reverse thread setting shoe, controlling the tubing to be set with the first reverse thread setting shoe, lowering the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid into the tubing, and controlling the tubing to be flushed to a wellhead to carry out the drill cuttings in the well, and lowering the casing to below the first reverse thread setting shoe;

[0016] After the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid is dissolved, and the drill cuttings in the annulus where the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid is located form a sand plug, a high-pressure annulus plugging and sand consolidation operation is adopted, a cementing truck is used to pump a plugging and sand consolidation material into the annulus formed by the casing and the well wall of the gas storage to realize consolidation with the drill cuttings, and a closed sand consolidation annulus is obtained;

[0017] Lowering the packer to the closed sand consolidation annulus, lifting the casing to be higher than the packer, continuing to pump the plugging and sand consolidation material into the closed sand consolidation annulus, until the annulus pressure of the closed sand consolidation annulus reaches a pressure threshold of the gas storage, the plugging and sand consolidation material is filled upward along the tubing-casing annulus until it is filled below the ground shoe, and the pumping of the plugging and sand consolidation material is stopped;

[0018] Lowering the tubing into the tubing to lower the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid, after the drill cuttings above the packer are all dissolved, lowering the tubing to make the tubing gas layer below the packer communicate with the tubing-casing annulus.

[0019] Optionally, before the casing is lowered to the bottom of the well of the gas storage, the method further comprises:

[0020] Assembling a casing head and a casing on the ground, wherein a middle position in the casing is provided with a setting device, and casing perforations are arranged on a sidewall of a bottom of the casing and a sidewall of a casing segment provided with the casing shoe;

[0021] An outer casing is arranged on an outer wall of a top of the casing to complete the assembly of the casing;

[0022] Lowering the casing to the bottom of the well of the gas storage, and lowering a second reverse thread setting shoe, so that the second reverse thread setting shoe is set with the setting device, and a bottom of the second reverse thread setting shoe is abutted on the casing shoe;

[0023] The soluble sand consolidation fluid is introduced into the tubing and flows from the gap between the second back-off slip shoe and the casing shoe into the annulus between the second back-off slip shoe and the casing and through the casing perforations into the annulus between the casing shoe and the casing;

[0024] During the dissolving of the drill cuttings by the soluble sand consolidation fluid, the soluble sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings flow into the annulus between the casing shoe and the casing until the annulus between the casing shoe and the casing is filled with the soluble sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings, and the annulus below the second back-off slip shoe is also filled with the soluble sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings;

[0025] The casing is pulled to the surface so that the casing perforations are higher than the casing shoe, and the pulling height of the casing is not higher than the height of the sand face formed by the soluble sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings, until the second back-off slip shoe is higher than the casing shoe and the wellhead, the tubing is pulled to the upper port to expose the water surface, and the kill fluid is injected into the tubing-casing annulus, and when there is no return in the well, the installation of the casing head is completed.

[0026] Optionally, the high-pressure annulus plugging and sand consolidation operation is performed by pumping the plugging and sand consolidation material into the annulus formed by the casing and the well wall of the gas storage reservoir by a cementing truck to achieve consolidation with the drill cuttings, so as to obtain a closed sand consolidation annulus, including:

[0027] The kill fluid is added into the annulus formed by the casing and the tubing, so that the kill fluid enters the sand plug formed by the soluble sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings, the soluble sand consolidation fluid is dissolved, the drill cuttings are pressed out, and the kill fluid flows out from the annulus between the casing and the perforations on the well wall, the annulus between the packer and the well wall, and the annulus between the packer and the casing;

[0028] When the kill fluid flows out of the annulus between the first back-off slip shoe and the well wall, the annulus above the first back-off slip shoe is filled with the kill fluid, so that the kill fluid does not flow out from the annulus between the first back-off slip shoe and the well wall;

[0029] When the density of the kill fluid is greater than the density of the soluble sand consolidation fluid after being dissolved, the kill fluid pushes the soluble sand consolidation fluid downward, the drill cuttings flowing into the annulus are pressed out after the soluble sand consolidation fluid is dissolved, so that the density of the kill fluid is maintained at the gas storage reservoir bottom density, until the height of the sand consolidation layer formed by the soluble sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings reaches the closure height;

[0030] The plugging and sand consolidation material is added into the annulus below the first back-off slip shoe by a cementing grouting truck, and the plugging and sand consolidation material is consolidated with the plugging and sand consolidation layer below the first back-off slip shoe;

[0031] The soluble sand consolidation fluid is lowered into the oil pipe, flows from the annulus between the first reverse thread retainer shoe and the casing into the annulus between the casing and the gas storage well wall, and consolidates with the drill cuttings in the annulus, until the sand consolidation layer formed by the soluble sand consolidation fluid reaches the wellhead elevation, the sealing sand consolidation layer formed by the sealing sand consolidation material and the drill cuttings is flattened, and a closed sand consolidation annulus is obtained.

[0032] Optionally, the bottom of the oil pipe is provided with an oil pipe perforation, the oil pipe perforation comprises a plurality of perforations with different hole diameters, the diameters of the plurality of perforations decrease from bottom to top, and each of the plurality of perforations is wrapped with a packer. After the sealing sand consolidation layer below the first reverse thread retainer shoe is consolidated by the sealing sand consolidation material, the method further comprises:

[0033] The sealing sand consolidation material is consolidated with the soluble sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings in the annulus below the first reverse thread retainer shoe through the oil pipe perforation, so that the sealing sand consolidation material expands in volume after passing through the oil pipe perforation, and the oil pipe perforation is sealed.

[0034] Optionally, the cementing truck comprises:

[0035] a base;

[0036] a cementing truck body, a cement sand consolidation pump and a delivery pipe mounted on the base;

[0037] one end of the cementing truck body is connected with the cement sand consolidation pump, and the delivery pipe is connected with the cement sand consolidation pump;

[0038] a cement injection valve is mounted on the end of the cementing truck body away from the cement sand consolidation pump, for controlling the opening and closing of the cement sand consolidation pump;

[0039] a reverse rotation prevention member is arranged on the cementing truck body, for starting an alarm when the cementing truck body is reversed.

[0040] Optionally, the reverse rotation prevention member comprises:

[0041] a rotating member rotatably arranged on the cementing truck body;

[0042] a micro switch arranged at a first preset position on the cementing truck body;

[0043] a pendulum is mounted on the rotating member, and the pendulum can swing between a first preset position and a second preset position with the rotation of the rotating member;

[0044] when the pendulum is rotated to the first preset position, the first micro switch starts the alarm.

[0045] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0046] The following components are weighed: cement 15 to 20 parts, water 20 to 30 parts, cellulose 0.2 to 0.4 parts, sodium bicarbonate 0.1 to 0.3 parts, sodium carbonate 0.1 to 0.3 parts, sodium perborate 0.01 to 0.03 parts, sodium formate 0.04 to 0.06 parts, calcium chloride 0.1 to 0.2 parts;

[0047] The cement, water, and cellulose are mixed and stirred according to the component mass fraction for 3 to 4 minutes at a stirring speed of 180 to 200 r / min to obtain a cement paste;

[0048] The sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium perborate, sodium formate, and calcium chloride are mixed according to the component mass fraction to obtain a mixture;

[0049] The mixture is added to the cement paste, and stirred for 2 to 3 minutes at a stirring speed of 180 to 200 r / min to obtain a plugging sand consolidation material.

[0050] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0051] The following components are weighed: starch 7 to 13 parts, carboxymethyl cellulose 3.0 to 4.0 parts, calcium chloride 2 to 3 parts, aluminum chloride 1.0 to 1.5 parts, polyethylene glycol 0.7 to 1.0 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 1.0 to 1.5 parts;

[0052] The starch is added to a target volume of water to obtain a starch solution, the container is placed in a constant temperature water bath at 70 to 80°C, and the starch solution is dispersed by stirring for 10 to 20 min; the carboxymethyl cellulose, calcium chloride, aluminum chloride, polyethylene glycol, and polyvinyl alcohol are added and uniformly stirred to obtain a soluble sand consolidation liquid.

[0053] To achieve the above purpose, a second aspect of the present disclosure provides a gas storage outburst prevention and control device, comprising:

[0054] A well completion unit is configured to replace drill cuttings carried during back flushing with a soluble sand consolidation liquid and to seal the annulus using a casing and annulus sealing technology during well completion of the gas storage;

[0055] A gas storage operation unit is configured to control the gas storage to open the well and release gas and to achieve separate layer injection and production operation system by sealing the tubing gas layer through the packer when the gas storage is in a gas storage operation state and the operating pressure of the gas storage reaches a packer pressure operation threshold.

[0056] To achieve the above purpose, a third aspect of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor, and a memory in communication connection with the processor;

[0057] The memory stores computer-executable instructions;

[0058] The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method shown in any one of the preceding first aspects.

[0059] To achieve the above object, the fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are used to implement the method shown in any one of the preceding first aspects when executed by a processor.

[0060] To achieve the above object, the fifth aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer program product, which comprises a computer program, and the computer program is used to implement the method shown in any one of the preceding first aspects when executed by a processor.

[0061] To sum up, the method and device provided by the present disclosure introduce the soluble sand consolidation fluid and the annulus sealing technology into the gas storage well completion stage. In the gas storage well completion process, the drill cuttings are brought out by using the soluble sand consolidation fluid, and the sand consolidation process is realized. The pollution to the oil casing annulus and the sand production problem of the oil and gas layer in the traditional gas storage well completion process can be solved. Secondly, the casing and annulus sealing technology is used to seal the annulus, which can realize the pressure holding of the annulus layer and the high permeability reservoir, and is beneficial to reduce the risk of sand holding in the near wellbore zone. In addition, the gas layer in the pipe is closed by using the packer, which can effectively solve the problem of stratified injection and production of the reservoir pressure, and avoid the pollution of the cement slurry to the gas source of the gas storage. Finally, the stratified injection operation system of the whole gas storage is completed.

[0062] Additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will be made apparent from the following description, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0063] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent and be readily understood from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0064] Figure 1 A flowchart of a gas storage sand production prevention and control method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0065] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a gas storage sand production prevention and control device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to several examples illustrated in the attached drawings, wherein the same or like reference numerals and characters throughout the drawings denote the same or like elements or components having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are intended to be illustrative of the present disclosure, and are not to be construed as limiting thereof.

[0067] It should be noted that sand production in gas wells has a greater impact on normal production of gas storage, not only causing reservoir damage, but also easily causing downhole sand production and sticking of drill pipe to cause accidents. Currently, the main sand control measures for natural gas wells are downhole sand control and uphole sand control.

[0068] Downhole sand control mainly buries downhole sand in the reservoir through downhole operation, thereby preventing downhole sand production. However, downhole sand control has high downhole operation cost, and causes damage to the reservoir during oil and gas production, which is difficult to repair. In particular, a large amount of fracturing fluid is used during fracturing of a completed and fractured gas storage, and the fracturing proppant carried by the fracturing fluid enters the gas storage reservoir, and it is difficult to meet the downhole gas well sand control requirements by using the existing sand control technology. However, after using the existing downhole sand control completion, the gas storage well is difficult to be exploited. Downhole sand control usually uses the following three methods: (1) using a drill bit with a nozzle to directly spray the downhole drill cuttings to the well wall with drilling fluid, which makes the downhole drill cuttings easily flow back, so that the gas well outside the well cannot obtain sufficient pressure difference, and the downhole annulus is easily blocked by sand for long-term use of this method; (2) using bridging lost circulation slurry during drilling to perform cementing operation, which causes great damage to the downhole formation and is not easy to be applied on a large scale; (3) plugging the drill cuttings after hydraulic fracturing, which requires high cementing quality after drilling and fracturing, and has high cost and complex construction, especially for sand production gas storage, which will cause the gas well of the gas storage to be unable to be exploited.

[0069] Uphole sand control mainly uses wellhead sand production or near-wellbore sand production. The uphole sand control technology mainly uses a cyclone separator and other equipment to prevent drill cuttings, gravel and other secondary materials produced by the gas well from entering the well, thereby preventing downhole sand production. The uphole sand control technology has no effect on the downhole formation, uses less sand control equipment, and the equipment is relatively simple, but the sand control effect is poor and basically cannot meet the requirements of gas well sand control technology.

[0070] In addition, according to the existing cementing technology and process, the gas storage uses a cement slurry system for cementing, which contains a large amount of water and cannot effectively perform cementing operation on the sand production gas layer, resulting in that the current gas storage cannot be cemented on a large scale, and cannot be efficiently cemented for the gas well.

[0071] With the existing gas storage sand prevention technology, the well cementing sand prevention technology of the gas storage cannot meet the requirements of well cementing and gas well gas releasing of the gas storage, especially under the long-term gas injection condition after well completion of the gas storage, the downhole sand accumulation is easy to occur, which aggravates the downhole complexity. Therefore, the existing gas storage sand prevention technology needs to be innovated, under the premise of meeting the well cementing of the gas storage, the downhole sand accumulation problem of the gas storage is avoided, the gas releasing problem of the sand production gas storage is solved, the damage to the reservoir is reduced, the sand prevention effect is improved, and the operation cost is reduced.

[0072] The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0073] In the first embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 1 A flowchart of a gas storage sand prevention method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown, the method can be implemented by relying on a computer program, and can be run on a device for gas storage sand prevention. The computer program can be integrated in an application, or can be run as an independent tool application.

[0074] Among them, the gas storage sand prevention device can be an electronic device with the function of gas storage sand prevention.

[0075] Among them, the gas storage sand prevention method can be executed by an electronic device.

[0076] In an example, the gas storage sand prevention method includes the following steps:

[0077] S101, during the well completion process of the gas storage, using soluble sand fixing fluid to replace the drill cuttings carried by back flushing, and using casing and annulus sealing technology to seal the annulus;

[0078] It should be noted that by using the soluble sand fixing fluid to replace the drill cuttings carried by back flushing, the drill cuttings brought downhole can be mixed and consolidated with the liquid sand fixing fluid to form a sand fixing layer consolidated with the casing outer wall annulus, which can realize the consolidation and sand prevention of the sand layer during the well completion operation of the gas storage.

[0079] According to some embodiments, after completing the well completion test pressure and production capacity stability, the casing and annulus sealing technology can be used to seal the annulus.

[0080] In some embodiments, by using the casing and annulus sealing technology to seal the annulus instead of the original hydration cementing technology, the gas storage well cementing operation can be performed without large cementing equipment such as a cement truck, and the risk of cement slurry polluting the gas source of the gas storage well is avoided. In the process of well completion injection and production, the pollution of the sand body outside the pipe can be avoided, and the sand control operation of the gas storage well does not need to be performed for a long time. The adaptability of the sand control technology for the gas storage well is improved, the reservoir near-wellbore zone sand plugging is avoided (the near-wellbore zone sand plugging can cause damage to the reservoir, and the sand particles entering the gas well can damage the casing), the environmental protection requirements can be met, the sand production gas storage well can be suitable for large-scale construction, and good economic benefits and social benefits can be obtained.

[0081] S102, in the case that the gas storage well is in a gas storage operation state and the operating pressure of the gas storage well reaches a packer pressure operation threshold, controlling the gas storage well to open the well for gas release, and realizing a separate layer injection and production operation system through the packer sealing the tubing gas layer.

[0082] It should be noted that, by using the packer to seal the tubing, the gas storage and gas release operation of the gas storage well can be realized, the sand layer near the wellbore zone of the reservoir can be sealed, and the risk of sand layer pollution to the gas storage well can be reduced, thereby providing protection for safe injection and production. In addition, the method is simple to operate, and the separate layer injection and production operation system of the gas storage well can be realized without fracturing the reservoir, thereby reducing the construction cost of the gas storage well.

[0083] In summary, the method provided in the embodiment introduces the dissolvable sand-fixing liquid and the annulus sealing technology into the well completion stage of the gas storage well. In the well completion process of the gas storage well, the drill cuttings are brought out by using the dissolvable sand-fixing liquid, and the sand-fixing process is realized. The pollution of the oil-casing annulus caused by the traditional well completion process of the gas storage well and the sand production problem of the oil and gas layer can be solved. In addition, the casing and annulus sealing technology is used to seal the annulus, the annulus layer can be plugged, and the high-permeability reservoir can be plugged. This is beneficial to reducing the risk of sand plugging in the near-wellbore zone. Furthermore, the gas layer in the pipe can be sealed by using the packer, the problem of separate layer injection and production of the reservoir pressure can be effectively solved, the cement slurry pollution of the gas source of the gas storage well is avoided, and finally the separate layer injection and production operation system of the entire gas storage well is completed.

[0084] In order to realize the above-mentioned embodiments, another embodiment of the present disclosure provides a gas storage well sand production prevention and control method.

[0085] In an example, the gas storage well sand production prevention and control method includes the following steps:

[0086] S201, in the well completion process of the gas storage well, assembling a casing head and a casing on the ground;

[0087] The casing is provided with a casing shoe at the bottom, and the side wall of the bottom of the casing and the side wall of the casing segment of the casing provided with the casing shoe are both provided with casing perforations.

[0088] S202, an outer sleeve is arranged on the outer wall of the top of the casing to complete the assembly of the casing;

[0089] S203, the casing is lowered to the bottom of the gas storage well, and the second reverse thread setting shoe is lowered to be clamped with the clamp, and the bottom of the second reverse thread setting shoe is on the casing shoe;

[0090] S204, the soluble sand consolidation fluid is lowered into the tubing, and the soluble sand consolidation fluid enters the annulus between the second reverse thread setting shoe and the casing from the gap between the second reverse thread setting shoe and the casing shoe, and passes through the casing perforation to enter the annulus between the casing shoe and the casing;

[0091] According to some embodiments, the following mass fractions of components can be taken: starch 7 to 13 parts, carboxymethyl cellulose 3.0 to 4.0 parts, calcium chloride 2 to 3 parts, aluminum chloride 1.0 to 1.5 parts, polyethylene glycol 0.7 to 1.0 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 1.0 to 1.5 parts; the starch is added to a target volume of water to obtain a starch solution, which is placed in a container, and the container is placed in a constant temperature water bath at 70 to 80℃, and stirred for 10 to 20min to disperse the starch solution, and then the carboxymethyl cellulose, calcium chloride, aluminum chloride, polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol are added, and after uniform stirring, the soluble sand consolidation fluid is obtained.

[0092] S205, in the process of dissolving the drill cuttings of the casing shoe by the soluble sand consolidation fluid, the soluble sand consolidation fluid and the flowing drill cuttings enter the annulus between the casing shoe and the casing, until the annulus between the casing shoe and the casing is filled with the soluble sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings, and the annulus of the casing below the second reverse thread setting shoe is also filled with the soluble sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings;

[0093] S206, the casing is lifted to the ground, the casing perforation is higher than the casing shoe, and the lifting height of the casing is not higher than the height of the sand face formed by the soluble sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings, until the second reverse thread setting shoe is higher than the height of the casing shoe and the wellhead, the tubing is pulled up to the upper port to expose the water surface, and the kill fluid is injected into the tubing-casing annulus through the tubing, and when there is no return in the well, the installation of the casing head is completed;

[0094] S207, the casing is lowered to the bottom of the gas storage well, and the casing is controlled to be back-flushed to the ground to carry out the drill cuttings underground;

[0095] S208, the casing is lifted to the casing shoe, and the soluble sand consolidation fluid is back-flushed to a depth below the casing shoe, so that the components in the soluble sand consolidation fluid are dispersed, and the soluble sand consolidation fluid is filled in the annulus below the casing shoe;

[0096] S209, running a tubing into the well of the gas storage, the bottom end of the tubing is provided with a packer and a first reverse thread setting shoe, controlling the tubing to be set with the first reverse thread setting shoe, running a soluble sand consolidation fluid into the tubing, and controlling the tubing to be back-flushed to the wellhead to carry the drill cuttings downhole, and lowering the casing to below the first reverse thread setting shoe;

[0097] S210, after the soluble sand consolidation fluid is dissolved, the drill cuttings in the annulus where the soluble sand consolidation fluid is located form a sand plug, and a high-pressure annulus plugging and sand consolidation operation is used, a cementing truck is used to pump a plugging and sand consolidation material into the annulus formed by the casing and the well wall of the gas storage to achieve consolidation with the drill cuttings, and a closed sand consolidation annulus is obtained.

[0098] According to some embodiments, when the high-pressure annulus plugging and sand consolidation operation is used, the cementing truck is used to pump the plugging and sand consolidation material into the annulus formed by the casing and the well wall of the gas storage to achieve consolidation with the drill cuttings, and a closed sand consolidation annulus is obtained, the following steps can be used:

[0099] Adding kill fluid into the annulus formed by the casing and the tubing, so that the kill fluid enters the sand plug formed by the soluble sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings, the soluble sand consolidation fluid is dissolved, the drill cuttings are pressed out, and the kill fluid flows out from the annulus between the casing and the well wall, the annulus between the packer and the well wall, and the annulus between the packer and the casing.

[0100] When the kill fluid flows out of the annulus between the first reverse thread setting shoe and the well wall, the annulus above the first reverse thread setting shoe is filled with kill fluid, so that the kill fluid does not flow out from the annulus between the first reverse thread setting shoe and the well wall.

[0101] When the density of the kill fluid is greater than the density of the soluble sand consolidation fluid after it is dissolved, the kill fluid pushes the soluble sand consolidation fluid downward, the drill cuttings flowing into the annulus after the soluble sand consolidation fluid is dissolved are pressed out, so that the density of the kill fluid is maintained at the density of the gas storage well bottom, until the height of the sand consolidation layer formed by the soluble sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings reaches the closure height.

[0102] Using a cementing truck to add a plugging and sand consolidation material into the annulus below the first reverse thread setting shoe, and the plugging and sand consolidation material is consolidated with the plugging and sand consolidation layer below the first reverse thread setting shoe.

[0103] Running the soluble sand consolidation fluid into the tubing, so that the soluble sand consolidation fluid flows into the annulus between the casing and the well wall of the gas storage from the annulus between the first reverse thread setting shoe and the casing, and is consolidated with the drill cuttings in the annulus, until the sand consolidation layer formed by the soluble sand consolidation fluid reaches the wellhead elevation, the plugging and sand consolidation layer formed by the plugging and sand consolidation material and the drill cuttings, and the sand consolidation layer formed by the soluble sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings are pressed flat, and a closed sand consolidation annulus is obtained.

[0104] In some embodiments, the bottom of the oil pipe can be provided with an oil pipe perforation, the oil pipe perforation including multiple perforations with different hole diameters, the diameters of the multiple perforations decreasing from bottom to top, each of the multiple perforations being provided with a plugging device, after the plugging solid sand material and the plugging solid sand layer below the first reverse thread setting shoe are consolidated, the plugging solid sand material can be consolidated with the dissolvable solid sand fluid and the drill cuttings in the annulus below the first reverse thread setting shoe through the oil pipe perforation, so that the plugging solid sand material expands in volume after passing through the oil pipe perforation to plug the oil pipe perforation.

[0105] According to some embodiments, the cementing truck includes:

[0106] a base;

[0107] a cementing truck body, a cementing pump and a delivery pipe mounted on the base;

[0108] one end of the cementing truck body is connected with the cementing pump, and the delivery pipe is connected with the cementing pump;

[0109] a cement injection valve is mounted at one end of the cementing truck body away from the cementing pump, for controlling the opening and closing of the cementing pump;

[0110] a reverse rotation prevention device is provided on the cementing truck body, for starting an alarm when reverse rotation occurs.

[0111] In some embodiments, the reverse rotation prevention device includes:

[0112] a rotating member rotatably arranged on the cementing truck body;

[0113] a micro switch arranged at a first preset position on the cementing truck body;

[0114] a pendulum is mounted on the rotating member, and the pendulum can swing between the first preset position and a second preset position with the rotation of the rotating member;

[0115] when the pendulum rotates to the first preset position, the first micro switch starts the alarm.

[0116] According to some embodiments, the following components can be taken in the following mass fractions: cement 15 to 20 parts, water 20 to 30 parts, cellulose 0.2 to 0.4 parts, sodium bicarbonate 0.1 to 0.3 parts, sodium carbonate 0.1 to 0.3 parts, sodium perborate 0.01 to 0.03 parts, sodium formate 0.04 to 0.06 parts, and calcium chloride 0.1 to 0.2 parts; the cement, water and cellulose are mixed and stirred according to the component mass fractions for 3 to 4 minutes at a stirring speed of 180 to 200 r / min to obtain a cement paste; the sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium perborate, sodium formate and calcium chloride are mixed according to the component mass fractions to obtain a mixture; the mixture is added to the cement paste and stirred for 2 to 3 minutes at a stirring speed of 180 to 200 r / min to obtain the plugging solid sand material.

[0117] S211, moving the packer downward to the closed sand packing annulus, while raising the casing to be higher than the packer, continuing to pump the sand sealing material into the closed sand packing annulus until the annulus pressure of the closed sand packing annulus reaches the pressure threshold of the gas storage, filling the sand sealing material upward along the oil casing annulus until it is filled below the shoe, and stopping pumping the sand sealing material;

[0118] According to some embodiments, during the process of continuing to pump the sand sealing material into the closed sand packing annulus, when the top of the casing is located between the casing shoe top and the first reverse thread locking shoe, the annulus below the first reverse thread locking shoe will be completely filled with the sand sealing material.

[0119] S212, lowering the dissolvable sand sealing liquid into the tubing, and after the drill cuttings above the packer are completely dissolved, lowering the tubing to make the tubing gas layer below the packer communicate with the oil casing annulus;

[0120] S213, in the case that the gas storage is in a gas storage operation state, and the operating pressure of the gas storage reaches the packer pressure operation threshold, controlling the gas storage to carry out well opening and gas release, and realizing the layered injection and production operation system through the packer closed tubing gas layer.

[0121] According to some embodiments, the packer pressure operation threshold can be the initial design of the packer pressure operation.

[0122] In summary, the method provided by the embodiment introduces the dissolvable sand sealing liquid and the annulus sealing technology into the gas storage well completion stage. During the gas storage well completion process, the drill cuttings are brought out by using the dissolvable sand sealing liquid to realize the sand sealing process, which can solve the pollution of the oil casing annulus and the sand production problem of the oil and gas layer in the traditional gas storage well completion process. Secondly, the casing and annulus sealing technology is used to seal the annulus, which can realize the pressure holding of the annulus layer and the high permeability reservoir, which is beneficial to reduce the sand holding risk of the near wellbore zone. In addition, the gas layer in the tubing is closed by the packer, which can effectively solve the problem of layered injection and production of the reservoir pressure, and at the same time avoid the pollution of the cement slurry to the gas source of the gas storage. Finally, the layered gas injection operation system of the whole gas storage is completed.

[0123] In order to realize the above-mentioned embodiments, another embodiment of the present disclosure provides a gas storage sand production prevention and control method.

[0124] According to some embodiments, the gas storage sand production prevention and control method includes the following steps:

[0125] S301, performing well completion and gas testing operation of the gas storage;

[0126] Wherein, the well completion and gas testing operation includes gas testing of the casing of the gas storage.

[0127] S302, test the annular pressure, plugging pressure, annular plugging operation during the gas storage well completion process;

[0128] S303, replace the drill cuttings carried by the back flushing with a soluble sand consolidation liquid to achieve sand control for the gas storage;

[0129] According to some embodiments, when the annular pressure is 25-30 MPa, a soluble sand consolidation liquid drilling fluid and a downhole pipe scraper can be used to remove the downhole drill cuttings from the well wall, and a sand drilling test can be performed at the same time to determine the sand consolidation effect.

[0130] In some embodiments, when all the downhole drilling fluid cuttings are converted into soluble sand consolidation liquid drilling fluid cuttings, it indicates that the back flushing test gas operation is completed.

[0131] In some embodiments, when the annular pressure needs to be kept constant during the back flushing test gas, for example, kept at 35-40 MPa, it indicates that the back flushing test gas operation is completed.

[0132] S304, complete the well completion test gas and gas release, and perform annular plugging experiment and determine the completion casing;

[0133] According to some embodiments, after the back flushing test gas is completed, the gas storage casing test gas test can be performed, if the test gas test is qualified, the well completion test gas operation can be completed, if the test gas test is not qualified, S302 to S304 are repeated until the test gas test is qualified.

[0134] In some embodiments, if the test gas test is qualified, the casing tubing annular plugging operation can be performed, the plugging pressure can be 0.7-1.1 casing pressure, at this time the pressure of the annular layer is kept unchanged, for example, can be kept at 25-30 MPa, until the annular plugging casing no longer has gas flowing out, indicating that the annular plugging is completed.

[0135] S305, complete the well completion test gas and gas release, and determine the annular plugging result;

[0136] S306, measure the pressure and gas again after the annular plugging, and determine the pressure change after the plugging;

[0137] According to some embodiments, the pressure change after the plugging can be used to determine whether the annular plugging is qualified; if not, S304 to S306 are repeated until the annular plugging is qualified.

[0138] S307, set the packer under the annular pressure;

[0139] S308, drill cement slurry and cementing operation, set the packer;

[0140] It should be noted that when drilling cement slurry and cementing operation, the packer is installed and plugged outside the pipe, at this time the packer and the casing for annular plugging no longer work.

[0141] S309, the cementing operation is completed, and the gas logging is continued to determine the casing gas logging result;

[0142] After the drilling cement slurry and the cementing operation are completed, the gas logging and pressure test are performed again on the tubing casing annulus. If the annulus pressure no longer changes, it can be confirmed that the casing gas logging result is qualified for pressure plugging.

[0143] S3010, if the casing gas logging result is unqualified, repeating S303 to S309 until the casing gas logging result is qualified;

[0144] According to some embodiments, after the casing gas logging result is qualified, the completion casing can be installed and connected to complete the completion operation.

[0145] S3011, after the cementing operation is completed, the gas layer acidification operation is performed to solve the problem of low formation permeability;

[0146] According to some embodiments, the acidification operation can be performed, and the hydrogen fluoride solution is used to perform the acidification operation on the gas storage reservoir with small pore structure, so as to improve the permeability of the gas storage reservoir. During the acidification process, the annulus pressure is ensured to be constant, for example, 35-40 MPa.

[0147] S3012, after the acidification operation is completed, the water content and gas production of the gas layer are tested to determine the gas injection cycle and production system of the gas storage reservoir;

[0148] S3013, after the test is completed, the external pipe fracturing operation is performed to improve the fracturing effect of the oil and gas layer;

[0149] S3014, after the external pipe fracturing operation is completed, the operation of the gas storage reservoir is started;

[0150] According to some embodiments, when the operation of the gas storage reservoir is performed, the layered natural gas injection and production operation can be performed, that is, the layered gas injection and layered gas production operation of the gas storage reservoir are performed first; then the layered gas production operation is performed in sequence to determine the layered gas injection cycle and production system of the gas storage reservoir.

[0151] S3015, the layered injection and production pressure and water content of the gas storage reservoir are continuously monitored, and the operation system is adjusted in time.

[0152] For example, if the layered pressure and water content change more than ±10% of the normal value of the gas storage reservoir, the injection and production pressure and production system of each layer are correspondingly reduced or increased until the layered pressure and water content of the gas storage reservoir are close to the normal value.

[0153] In summary, the method provided in the embodiment replaces the original back flushing and cementing technology with the soluble sand-fixing liquid, downhole pipe scraper, and annular plugging operation in the well completion process of the gas storage, completes the well completion operation, uses the packer and casing to perform pressure testing after the well completion, performs acidizing operation to improve the effective injection and production capacity of the gas storage, then performs the external pipe fracturing operation, and then performs the gas injection operation of the gas storage layer by layer. The injection amount of each layer of the gas storage is different, the gas injection of the gas storage layer by layer is completed, and finally the gas production operation of the gas storage layer by layer is performed. The well completion, annular plugging, gas storage layer injection and production operation system, and sand prevention technology of the gas storage are realized under the premise of ensuring the smooth injection and production of the gas storage, the well completion operation and operation system of the gas storage with sand production problems are realized, the sand prevention effect can be improved, the problems of large downhole sand production risk and inability to scale injection and production can be solved, and the well completion operation and layer-by-layer injection and production operation system of the gas injection and injection well can be applied to but not limited to the salt rock gas storage, dense sandstone gas storage, and shale gas storage.

[0154] In order to realize the above-mentioned embodiment, the disclosure further provides a gas storage sand prevention and control device.

[0155] As shown in the Figure 2 The gas storage sand prevention and control device comprises:

[0156] The well completion unit is configured to replace the drill cuttings carried by the back flushing with the soluble sand-fixing liquid and seal the annulus by using the casing and annular plugging technology during the well completion of the gas storage.

[0157] The gas storage operation unit is configured to control the gas storage to open the well and release the gas and implement the layer-by-layer injection and production operation system by closing the tubing gas layer through the packer when the gas storage is in the gas storage operation state and the operating pressure of the gas storage reaches the packer pressure threshold.

[0158] Optionally, the well completion unit is configured to replace the drill cuttings carried by the back flushing with the soluble sand-fixing liquid and seal the annulus by using the casing and annular plugging technology, and specifically configured to:

[0159] Lower the casing to the bottom of the well of the gas storage and control the casing to back flush to the ground to carry out the drill cuttings in the downhole, wherein the bottom of the casing is provided with a casing shoe;

[0160] Pull up the casing to the casing shoe and back flush the soluble sand-fixing liquid to a depth below the casing shoe, so that the components in the soluble sand-fixing liquid are dispersed, and the soluble sand-fixing liquid fills in the annulus below the casing shoe;

[0161] Lower the tubing into the well of the gas storage, the bottom end of the tubing is provided with a packer and a first reverse thread locking shoe, control the tubing to be locked with the first reverse thread locking shoe, lower the soluble sand-fixing liquid into the tubing, control the tubing to back flush to the wellhead to carry out the drill cuttings in the downhole, and lower the casing to below the first reverse thread locking shoe.

[0162] After the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid is dissolved, the drill cuttings in the annulus where the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid is located form a sand plug, and then a high-pressure annulus plugging and sand consolidation operation is performed, in which the sand consolidation vehicle is used to pump the plugging and sand consolidation material into the annulus formed between the casing and the well wall of the gas storage reservoir to achieve consolidation with the drill cuttings, and a closed sand consolidation annulus is obtained;

[0163] The packer is lowered into the closed sand consolidation annulus, and the casing is raised to be higher than the packer, and the plugging and sand consolidation material is continuously pumped into the closed sand consolidation annulus until the annulus pressure of the closed sand consolidation annulus reaches the pressure threshold of the gas storage reservoir, and the plugging and sand consolidation material is filled upward along the oil casing annulus until it is filled below the shoe, and the pumping of the plugging and sand consolidation material is stopped.

[0164] The dissolvable sand consolidation fluid is lowered into the tubing, and after the drill cuttings above the packer are completely dissolved, the tubing is lowered to make the tubing gas layer below the packer communicate with the oil casing annulus.

[0165] Optionally, before the casing is lowered to the bottom of the gas storage reservoir, the completion unit is further used for:

[0166] The casing head and the casing are assembled on the ground, wherein the casing is provided with a central position in the casing, and the casing is provided with a casing perforation on the sidewall of the bottom of the casing and the sidewall of the casing segment provided with the casing shoe.

[0167] An outer casing is provided on the outer wall of the top of the casing to complete the assembly of the casing.

[0168] The casing is lowered to the bottom of the gas storage reservoir, and the second reverse thread setting shoe is lowered, so that the second reverse thread setting shoe is set with the setting tool, and the bottom of the second reverse thread setting shoe is set on the casing shoe.

[0169] The dissolvable sand consolidation fluid is lowered into the tubing, and the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid enters the casing annulus between the second reverse thread setting shoe and the casing from the gap between the second reverse thread setting shoe and the casing shoe and enters the annulus between the casing shoe and the casing through the casing perforation.

[0170] During the process of dissolving the drill cuttings of the casing shoe by the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid, the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid and the flowing drill cuttings enter the annulus between the casing shoe and the casing, until the annulus between the casing shoe and the casing is filled with the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings, and the casing annulus below the second reverse thread setting shoe is also filled with the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings.

[0171] The casing is raised to the ground, so that the casing perforation is higher than the casing shoe, and the lifting height of the casing is not higher than the sand surface height formed by the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings, until the second reverse thread setting shoe is higher than the height of the casing shoe and the wellhead, the tubing is pulled up to the upper port to expose the water surface, and the well killing fluid is injected into the oil casing annulus through the tubing, and when there is no return in the well, the installation of the casing head is completed.

[0172] Optionally, the completion unit is configured to adopt the high-pressure annular plugging sand consolidation operation, and a cementing truck is used to pump the plugging sand consolidation material into the annulus formed between the casing and the well wall of the gas storage well to realize consolidation with the drill cuttings, and when the closed sand consolidation annulus is obtained, the completion unit is specifically configured to:

[0173] adding the kill fluid into the annulus formed between the casing and the tubing, so that the kill fluid enters the sand plug formed by the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings, the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid is dissolved, the drill cuttings are pressed out, and the kill fluid flows out from the annulus between the perforations provided on the casing and the well wall, the annulus between the packer and the well wall, and the annulus between the packer and the casing;

[0174] when the kill fluid flows out from the annulus between the first reverse thread setting shoe and the well wall, the annulus above the first reverse thread setting shoe is filled with the kill fluid, so that the kill fluid does not flow out from the annulus between the first reverse thread setting shoe and the well wall;

[0175] when the density of the kill fluid is greater than the density of the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid after the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid is dissolved, the kill fluid pushes the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid downward, the drill cuttings flowing into the annulus are pressed out after the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid is dissolved, so that the density of the kill fluid is maintained at the gas storage well bottom density until the height of the sand consolidation layer formed by the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings reaches the closure height;

[0176] a cementing truck is used to add the plugging sand consolidation material into the annulus below the first reverse thread setting shoe, and the plugging sand consolidation material is consolidated with the plugging sand consolidation layer below the first reverse thread setting shoe;

[0177] the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid is lowered into the tubing, so that the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid flows into the annulus between the casing and the well wall of the gas storage well from the annulus between the first reverse thread setting shoe and the casing and is consolidated with the drill cuttings in the annulus until the sand consolidation layer formed by the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid reaches the wellhead elevation, the plugging sand consolidation layer formed by the plugging sand consolidation material and the drill cuttings and the sand consolidation layer consolidated by the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings are pressed flat, and the closed sand consolidation annulus is obtained.

[0178] Optionally, the bottom of the tubing is provided with a tubing perforation, the tubing perforation includes a plurality of perforations with different hole diameters, the diameters of the plurality of perforations decrease from bottom to top, and each perforation of the plurality of perforations is wrapped with a packer, and after the plugging sand consolidation material is consolidated with the plugging sand consolidation layer below the first reverse thread setting shoe, the completion unit is further configured to:

[0179] the plugging sand consolidation material is consolidated with the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings in the annulus below the first reverse thread setting shoe through the tubing perforation, so that the plugging sand consolidation material expands in volume after passing through the tubing perforation and plugs the tubing perforation.

[0180] Optionally, the cementing truck includes:

[0181] a base;

[0182] The cementing vehicle body is installed on the base, the cement sand pump and the delivery pipe;

[0183] One end of the cementing vehicle body is connected with the cement sand pump, and the delivery pipe is connected with the cement sand pump;

[0184] A cement injection valve is installed at the end of the cementing vehicle body away from the cement sand pump, for controlling the opening and closing of the cement sand pump;

[0185] The cementing vehicle body is provided with an anti-reverse rotation member, for starting an alarm when reversed.

[0186] Optionally, the anti-reverse rotation member comprises:

[0187] A rotating member rotatably arranged on the cementing vehicle body;

[0188] A micro switch arranged at a first preset position on the cementing vehicle body;

[0189] A pendulum is installed on the rotating member, and the pendulum can swing between the first preset position and a second preset position with the rotation of the rotating member;

[0190] When the pendulum is rotated to the first preset position, the first micro switch starts the alarm.

[0191] Optionally, the well completion unit is further used for:

[0192] The following components are weighed according to the mass fraction: cement 15 to 20 parts, water 20 to 30 parts, cellulose 0.2 to 0.4 parts, sodium bicarbonate 0.1 to 0.3 parts, sodium carbonate 0.1 to 0.3 parts, sodium perborate 0.01 to 0.03 parts, sodium formate 0.04 to 0.06 parts, and calcium chloride 0.1 to 0.2 parts;

[0193] The cement, water, and cellulose are mixed and stirred according to the component mass fraction for 3 to 4 minutes at a stirring speed of 180 to 200 r / min, to obtain a cement paste;

[0194] The sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium perborate, sodium formate, and calcium chloride are mixed according to the component mass fraction, to obtain a mixture;

[0195] The mixture is added to the cement paste and stirred for 2 to 3 minutes at a stirring speed of 180 to 200 r / min, to obtain a plugging and sand consolidation material.

[0196] Optionally, the well completion unit is further used for:

[0197] The following components are weighed according to the mass fraction: starch 7 to 13 parts, carboxymethyl cellulose 3.0 to 4.0 parts, calcium chloride 2 to 3 parts, aluminum chloride 1.0 to 1.5 parts, polyethylene glycol 0.7 to 1.0 parts, and polyvinyl alcohol 1.0 to 1.5 parts;

[0198] The starch is added to a target volume of water to obtain a starch solution, the container is placed in a constant temperature water bath at 70 to 80 DEG C, and stirring is performed for 10 to 20 min to disperse the starch solution, and then carboxymethyl cellulose, calcium chloride, aluminum chloride, polyethylene glycol, and polyvinyl alcohol are added, and after uniform stirring, a soluble sand consolidation liquid is obtained.

[0199] It should be noted that the foregoing explanation and description of the sand production prevention method embodiment of the gas storage also apply to the sand production prevention device of the gas storage of this embodiment, which will not be described here again.

[0200] In summary, the device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure introduces the soluble sand consolidation liquid and the annulus sealing technology into the well completion stage of the gas storage, and in the well completion process of the gas storage, the drill cuttings are brought out by using the soluble sand consolidation liquid, and the sand consolidation process is realized, which can solve the pollution of the oil casing annulus and the sand production of the oil and gas layer in the conventional well completion process of the gas storage; secondly, the casing and annulus sealing technology is used to seal the annulus, which can realize the pressure holding of the annulus layer and the high permeability reservoir, which is beneficial to reduce the risk of sand holding in the near wellbore zone; in addition, the gas layer in the pipe is closed by using the packer, which can effectively solve the problem of layered injection and production of the reservoir, and at the same time avoid the pollution of the cement slurry to the gas source of the gas storage, and finally complete the layered injection operation system of the entire gas storage.

[0201] In order to realize the above-mentioned embodiments, the present disclosure further proposes an electronic device, comprising: a processor, and a memory connected with the processor in communication; the memory stores computer execution instructions; the processor executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory to realize the method provided by the foregoing embodiments.

[0202] In order to realize the above-mentioned embodiments, the present disclosure further proposes a computer readable storage medium, the computer readable storage medium stores computer execution instructions, and the computer execution instructions are used to realize the method provided by the foregoing embodiments when executed by a processor.

[0203] In order to realize the above-mentioned embodiments, the present disclosure further proposes a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which realizes the method provided by the foregoing embodiments when executed by a processor.

[0204] The collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision and disclosure of user personal information involved in the present disclosure comply with the relevant legal regulations and do not violate public order and good customs.

[0205] It is important to note that user's personal information should be collected for legitimate and reasonable uses of the entity and not shared or sold outside of those legitimate uses. Further, such collection / sharing should occur after the user is informed of and individually agrees to the purposes for which the personal information is being collected and shared. Additionally, appropriate measures and / or steps should be taken to safeguard and secure access to such personal information data and ensure that other users with access to the personal information data adhere to the entity's privacy policies and procedures. Thus, the entity can provide the user options to allow and not allow, e.g., programs, to access or utilize the user's personal information, such as location, for the user's personalization experience.

[0206] The present disclosure contemplates that the systems and methods described herein can provide a user with the option to opt in or opt out of permitting the collection and / or use of personal information data. In particular, the present disclosure contemplates providing the user with control over whether programs or features collect personal information about them and to what extent. In one embodiment, a user's can opt in to the collection and / or use of personal information data for a particular functionality or feature by providing consent. In another embodiment, a user can opt out of the collection and / or use of personal information data for a particular functionality or feature. In yet another embodiment, the user can be provided with the option to change his or her consent choices with respect to a particular functionality or feature. In one embodiment, the user can be provided with the option to change his or her consent choices with respect to a particular functionality or feature at any time, even if the user has previously indicated his or her consent to the functionality or feature. In another embodiment, the user can be provided with the option to change his or her consent choices with respect to a particular functionality or feature at predetermined times.

[0207] In the preceding description of various embodiments described herein, reference has been made to the use of terms such as "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary," certain examples," or "some examples" of the present disclosure. This terminology refers to the fact that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic being described can be used in some embodiments and can not necessarily be present in all embodiments of the disclosure. As such, the terminology utilized herein is used in the context of describing particular embodiments and the terminology should not be taken to suggest that the particular feature is in some way required in all embodiments or that it is necessarily related to the only embodiments described in this disclosure. In addition, the use of the term "about" in describing the embodiments of the present disclosure is intended to apply individually to each term or value that it precedes, including in the context of the use of "about" in describing the proximity of a value to a particular value. Thus, "about X" means that the value of X can be the value indicated or something close thereto. In addition, the term "plurality" is intended to refer to a quantity of at least two, e.g., two, three, four, etc.

[0208] In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used herein only to describe various steps in a method and are not intended to be taken literally to denote a relative importance of the steps. Thus, a "first" feature discussed above can mean a "second" feature in another embodiment. In addition, the use of the term "about" in describing the embodiments of the present disclosure is intended to apply individually to each term or value that it precedes, including in the context of the use of "about" in describing the proximity of a value to a particular value. Thus, "about X" means that the value of X can be the value indicated or something close thereto. In addition, the term "plurality" is intended to refer to a quantity of at least two, e.g., two, three, four, etc.

[0209] Any processes or methods described in the flow charts or elsewhere in this disclosure can be understood as including one or more steps, functions, or procedures for implementing the custom logic function or process, and the scope of preferred embodiments of the present disclosure includes additional implementations in which the order of steps, functions, or procedures is changed, additional steps, functions, or procedures are added, some steps, functions, or procedures are omitted, or some steps, functions, or procedures are combined.

[0210] The logic and / or steps represented in flow diagrams or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequence of instructions to implement logic functions, and can be realized in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor- containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. In the context of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer-readable medium can be a machine-readable storage device (e.g., magnetic, optical or other) a machine-readable storage diskette (e.g., floppy disk, optical disk, or CD-ROM), or a machine-readable volatile or non-volatile memory (e.g., RAM), or a machine-readable volatile or non-volatile memory (e.g., RAM). More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electrical connections), a portable computer diskette (magnetic), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) or flash memory, an optical fiber, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium can even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, for example, via an optical scanner, then compiled, interpreted, or otherwise processed, and stored in a computer memory in a manner that can be later retrieved and executed by a computer. In another implementation, where hardware is used, any of the following technologies can be used to implement the above-described embodiments: discrete logic circuitry having logic gates for implementing logic functions upon data signals, application specific integrated circuits having appropriate combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGA), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), and so forth.

[0211] It should be understood that various aspects of the disclosure can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, various steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware that is stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. As such, in some embodiments, where hardware is used, any of the following technologies can be used to implement the above-described embodiments: discrete logic circuitry having logic gates for implementing logic functions upon data signals, application specific integrated circuits having appropriate combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGA), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), and so forth.

[0212] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps carried out by the above-mentioned embodiment method can be completed by programs instructing related hardware, and the programs can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the programs are executed, they include one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0213] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present disclosure can be integrated in one processing module, or each unit can exist physically independently, or two or more units can be integrated in one module. The integrated module can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. When the integrated module is realized in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.

[0214] The storage medium mentioned above can be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and treating sand production in a gas reservoir, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: During the completion of the gas storage, drill cuttings carried by back flushing are replaced by soluble sand consolidation fluid, and the annulus is sealed by casing and annulus sealing technology; When the gas storage is in a gas storage operation state and the operating pressure of the gas storage reaches a packer pressure operation threshold, the gas storage is controlled to be opened for gas release, and a separate layer injection and production operation system is realized by a packer closed tubing gas layer.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The use of soluble sand consolidation fluid to replace drill cuttings carried by back flushing, and the use of casing and annulus sealing technology to seal the annulus, comprises: Lower the casing to the bottom of the gas storage well, and control the back flushing of the casing to the ground to carry out the drill cuttings underground, wherein the bottom of the casing is equipped with a casing shoe; Lift the casing to the casing shoe, and back flush the soluble sand consolidation fluid to a depth below the casing shoe, so that each component of the soluble sand consolidation fluid is dispersed, and the soluble sand consolidation fluid is filled in the annulus below the casing shoe; Lower the tubing into the well of the gas storage, and set a packer and a first reverse thread locking shoe at the bottom end of the tubing, control the tubing and the first reverse thread locking shoe to be locked, lower the tubing into the soluble sand consolidation fluid, and control the tubing to back flush to the wellhead to carry out the drill cuttings underground, and lower the casing to below the first reverse thread locking shoe; After the soluble sand consolidation fluid is dissolved, the drill cuttings in the annulus where the soluble sand consolidation fluid is located form a sand plug, and a high-pressure annulus sealing sand consolidation operation is adopted, the sealing sand consolidation material is pumped into the annulus formed by the casing and the well wall of the gas storage by a cementing truck to realize the consolidation with the drill cuttings, and a closed sand consolidation annulus is obtained; Move the packer to the closed sand consolidation annulus, and lift the casing above the packer, continue to pump the sealing sand consolidation material into the closed sand consolidation annulus, until the annulus pressure of the closed sand consolidation annulus reaches the pressure threshold of the gas storage, the sealing sand consolidation material is filled upward along the tubing-casing annulus until it is filled below the shoe, and the pumping of the sealing sand consolidation material is stopped; Lower the tubing into the soluble sand consolidation fluid, and lower the tubing after the drill cuttings above the packer are completely dissolved, so that the tubing gas layer below the packer is connected with the tubing-casing annulus.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, Before the casing is lowered to the bottom of the gas storage well, the method further comprises: Assemble the casing head and the casing on the ground, wherein a locking device is arranged in the middle of the casing, casing perforations are arranged on the sidewall of the bottom of the casing and the sidewall of the casing segment where the casing shoe is arranged; An outer casing is arranged on the outer wall of the top of the casing to complete the assembly of the casing; Lower the casing to the bottom of the gas storage well, and lower a second reverse thread locking shoe, so that the second reverse thread locking shoe is locked with the locking device, and the bottom of the second reverse thread locking shoe is on the casing shoe; Lower the soluble sand consolidation fluid into the tubing, so that the soluble sand consolidation fluid enters the casing annulus between the second reverse thread locking shoe and the casing from the gap between the second reverse thread locking shoe and the casing shoe, and enters the annulus between the casing shoe and the casing through the casing perforations; In the process of dissolving the drill cuttings of the casing shoe by the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid, the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid and the flowing drill cuttings enter the annulus between the casing shoe and the casing until the annulus between the casing shoe and the casing is filled with the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings, and the annulus of the casing below the second reverse thread retainer shoe is also filled with the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings; The casing is pulled to the ground so that the perforation of the casing is higher than the casing shoe, and the pulling height of the casing is not higher than the height of the sand face formed by the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings, until the second reverse thread retainer shoe is higher than the height of the casing shoe and the wellhead, the tubing is pulled to the upper port to expose the water surface, and the kill fluid is injected into the tubing-casing annulus, and when there is no return in the well, the installation of the casing head is completed.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein, The high-pressure annulus plugging and sand consolidation operation is used to pump the plugging and sand consolidation material into the annulus formed by the casing and the well wall of the gas storage reservoir by the cementing truck to realize the consolidation with the drill cuttings, and a closed sand consolidation annulus is obtained, which comprises: The kill fluid is added into the annulus formed by the casing and the tubing, so that the kill fluid enters the sand plug formed by the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings, the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid is dissolved, the drill cuttings are pressed out, and the kill fluid flows out from the annulus between the perforation of the casing and the well wall, the annulus between the packer and the well wall, and the annulus between the packer and the casing; When the kill fluid flows out of the annulus between the first reverse thread retainer shoe and the well wall, the annulus above the first reverse thread retainer shoe is filled with the kill fluid, so that the kill fluid does not flow out of the annulus between the first reverse thread retainer shoe and the well wall; When the density of the kill fluid is greater than the density of the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid after being dissolved, the kill fluid pushes the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid downward, the drill cuttings flowing into the annulus are pressed out after the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid is dissolved, so that the density of the kill fluid is maintained at the gas storage reservoir bottom density, and the height of the sand consolidation layer formed by the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings reaches the closed height; The plugging and sand consolidation material is added into the annulus below the first reverse thread retainer shoe by the cementing truck, and the plugging and sand consolidation material is consolidated with the plugging and sand consolidation layer below the first reverse thread retainer shoe; The dissolvable sand consolidation fluid is lowered into the tubing, so that the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid flows into the annulus between the casing and the well wall of the gas storage reservoir from the annulus between the first reverse thread retainer shoe and the casing and is consolidated with the drill cuttings in the annulus, until the sand consolidation layer formed by the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid reaches the wellhead elevation, the plugging and sand consolidation layer formed by the plugging and sand consolidation material and the drill cuttings and the sand consolidation layer consolidated by the dissolvable sand consolidation fluid and the drill cuttings are flattened, and a closed sand consolidation annulus is obtained.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The bottom of the tubing is provided with a tubing perforation, the tubing perforation comprises a plurality of perforations with different hole diameters, the diameters of the plurality of perforations decrease from bottom to top, and each perforation of the plurality of perforations is wrapped with a packer, and after the plugging and sand consolidation material is consolidated with the plugging and sand consolidation layer below the first reverse thread retainer shoe, the method further comprises: The plugging solid sand material is consolidated with the drill cuttings in the annulus below the first anti-slip shoe and the soluble solid sand medicine liquid through the oil pipe perforation, so that the plugging solid sand material is expanded in volume after passing through the oil pipe perforation, and the oil pipe perforation is plugged.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein, The cementing truck comprises: a base; a cementing truck body, a cement solid sand pump and a delivery pipe mounted on the base; one end of the cementing truck body is connected with the cement solid sand pump, and the delivery pipe is connected with the cement solid sand pump; a cement injection valve is mounted at one end of the cementing truck body away from the cement solid sand pump, for controlling the opening and closing of the cement solid sand pump; an anti-reverse device is arranged on the cementing truck body, for starting an alarm when reversed.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The anti-reverse device comprises: a rotating member rotatably arranged on the cementing truck body; a micro switch arranged at a first preset position on the cementing truck body; a pendulum is mounted on the rotating member, and the pendulum can swing between a first preset position and a second preset position with the rotation of the rotating member; when the pendulum is rotated to the first preset position, the first micro switch starts the alarm.

8. The method of claim 2, wherein, The method further comprises: weighing the following components by mass fraction: cement 15 to 20 parts, water 20 to 30 parts, cellulose 0.2 to 0.4 parts, sodium bicarbonate 0.1 to 0.3 parts, sodium carbonate 0.1 to 0.3 parts, sodium perborate 0.01 to 0.03 parts, sodium formate 0.04 to 0.06 parts, calcium chloride 0.1 to 0.2 parts; mixing and stirring the cement, water and cellulose according to the component mass fraction for 3 to 4 minutes at a stirring speed of 180 to 200 r / min to obtain a cement paste; mixing sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium perborate, sodium formate and calcium chloride according to the component mass fraction to obtain a mixture; adding the mixture to the cement paste and stirring for 2 to 3 minutes at a stirring speed of 180 to 200 r / min to obtain a plugging solid sand material.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises: weighing the following components by mass fraction: starch 7 to 13 parts, carboxymethyl cellulose 3.0 to 4.0 parts, calcium chloride 2 to 3 parts, aluminum chloride 1.0 to 1.5 parts, polyethylene glycol 0.7 to 1.0 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 1.0 to 1.5 parts; adding starch to water of a target volume to obtain a starch solution, placing the container in a constant temperature water bath at 70 to 80℃, stirring for 10 to 20 minutes until the starch solution is dispersed, and then adding carboxymethyl cellulose, calcium chloride, aluminum chloride, polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol, and stirring uniformly to obtain a soluble solid sand medicine liquid.

10. A sand control device for a gas reservoir, characterized in that It comprises: a well completion unit for replacing the drill cuttings carried during back flushing with a soluble solid sand medicine liquid and plugging the annulus using casing and annulus plugging technology during the well completion process of the gas storage; a gas storage operation unit for controlling the gas storage to be opened for gas release and realizing the separate layer injection and production operation system through the casing gas layer sealed by the packer when the gas storage is in the gas storage operation state and the operating pressure of the gas storage reaches the packer pressure operation threshold.

Images