Active detection device and method for vacuum failure of low-temperature container

Abstract

The invention relates to an active detection device and method for vacuum failure of a low-temperature container, the device comprises a mounting end, a vacuum detection tube, an inflation detection tube and a vacuum pump, the mounting end is connected with a vacuum interlayer of the detected low-temperature container, one end of the vacuum detection tube is connected with the mounting end, and the other end is connected with the vacuum pump; a pressure control valve and a vacuum gauge are arranged on the vacuum detection pipe; a pressure sensor for recording the pressure change value of the inner container is arranged on the inner container of the detected low-temperature container, one end of the inflation detection pipe is connected with the vacuum detection pipe, the other end of the inflation detection pipe is connected with the air breaking gas bottle, and a flow control valve is arranged on the inflation detection pipe. Through the device, the method disclosed by the invention can be used for carrying out failure judgment and failure reason judgment on the low-temperature container, meanwhile, a vacuum failure model corresponding to the low-temperature container is established, and the vacuum failure working condition and the failure degree of the low-temperature container are further judged. Compared with the prior art, the operation complexity of vacuum failure detection is low, and the judgment accuracy is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cryogenic container vacuum failure testing technology, and in particular to an active detection device and method for cryogenic container vacuum failure. Background Technology

[0002] Cryogenic containers are used to store and transport cryogenic liquids such as liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen, liquid helium, and liquefied natural gas. Most cryogenic containers are vacuum-insulated multilayer tanks, where the inner liner and outer shell are in a vacuum state. The outer shell is equipped with a vacuum tube that connects to the vacuum jacket. The outer wall of the inner liner is wrapped with multiple layers of insulation material. Before use, a vacuum pump and vacuum tube are connected to the cryogenic container to evacuate the jacket to the target vacuum.

[0003] At room temperature, when the vacuum degree of the vacuum jacket of the cryogenic container is greater than At a pressure of Pa, the vacuum interlayer is considered to be in a state of vacuum failure. Generally, the causes of vacuum failure include: cracks in the outer shell, leaks in the inner liner, and gas release within the vacuum interlayer. When the outer shell cracks, outside air enters the vacuum interlayer; when the inner liner leaks, the medium in the container enters the vacuum interlayer; gas release from the metal materials used in the cryogenic container and the interlayer insulation material usually produces hydrogen and water vapor that enter the vacuum interlayer, thus destroying its vacuum level. For some flammable and explosive hazardous cryogenic liquids, vacuum failure in cryogenic containers is a catastrophic event. Currently, the detection methods for whether the vacuum interlayer of a cryogenic container has failed typically involve vacuum degree measurement, helium leak detection, or pressure testing. These methods can only determine whether the cryogenic container is in a state of vacuum loss; further investigation into the cause of vacuum failure requires additional equipment. Furthermore, previous tests have not explored the pressure changes in the inner liner of the cryogenic container under different degrees of vacuum failure and under both instantaneous and slow failure conditions, making it impossible to detect the vacuum failure condition and its degree.

[0004] Chinese patent CN112284651B discloses a method for detecting the vacuum degree of the interlayer of a cryogenic storage tank. It not only actively detects the vacuum degree through vacuum degree measurement, but also accurately determines the cause of vacuum failure by setting a room temperature adsorbent for adsorbing hydrogen and a low temperature adsorbent for adsorbing water vapor. However, this application does not explore the specific failure situation of the container under vacuum failure.

[0005] In summary, there is a need for a device and method that can detect the vacuum level, identify the cause of vacuum failure, and also detect the vacuum failure condition and degree of failure of cryogenic containers. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The application aims at providing a low-temperature container vacuum failure active detection device and method, which can quickly and simply detect the low-temperature container vacuum failure and determine the vacuum failure cause, and can also actively test different vacuum failure degrees and determine the specific failure working condition.

[0007] The application aims at providing a low-temperature container vacuum failure active detection device and method, which can quickly and simply detect the low-temperature container vacuum failure and determine the vacuum failure cause, and can also actively test different vacuum failure degrees and determine the specific failure working condition. A low-temperature container vacuum failure active detection device, comprising a mounting end, a vacuum detection pipe, a gas charging detection pipe and a vacuum pump, wherein the mounting end is connected with the vacuum interlayer of a measured low-temperature container, one end of the vacuum detection pipe is connected with the mounting end, and the other end is connected with the vacuum pump, and a pressure control valve and a vacuum gauge are arranged on the vacuum detection pipe. A pressure sensor for recording the pressure change value of the inner container is arranged on the inner container of the measured low-temperature container, one end of the gas charging detection pipe is connected with the vacuum detection pipe, and the other end is connected with a broken air bottle, wherein the broken air flow rate is controlled by a flow control valve.

[0008] Further, an oxygen detection pipe, a hydrogen detection pipe and a medium detection pipe are further connected with the vacuum detection pipe, the other end of the oxygen detection pipe is connected with an oxygen adsorbent bin with an oxygen adsorbent arranged inside, the other end of the hydrogen detection pipe is connected with a hydrogen adsorbent bin with a hydrogen adsorbent arranged inside, and a medium gas detector is arranged on the medium detection pipe.

[0009] Further, a first valve is arranged on the oxygen detection pipe, a second valve is arranged on the hydrogen detection pipe, a third valve is arranged on the medium detection pipe, and a fourth valve is arranged on the gas charging detection pipe.

[0010] Further, the oxygen detection pipe, the hydrogen detection pipe and the medium detection pipe are connected with the vacuum detection pipe between the mounting end and the pressure control valve, the vacuum gauge is arranged between the medium detection pipe and the pressure control valve, and the gas charging detection pipe is connected between the vacuum gauge and the pressure control valve on the vacuum detection pipe.

[0011] A low-temperature container vacuum failure detection method based on the active detection device, comprising the following steps: The vacuum valve of the measured low-temperature container and the fourth valve of the gas charging detection pipe are closed, and the mounting end is connected with the vacuum pipe of the measured low-temperature container; The vacuum failure is detected by controlling the vacuum valve of the low-temperature container, the pressure control valve, the first valve, the second valve and the third valve; If the measured cryogenic container is in a vacuum failure state, the pressure control valve is closed, the first valve, the second valve or the third valve is opened for failure cause judgment, and the vacuum failure model is used for vacuum failure condition classification and failure degree quantification of the cryogenic container. The vacuum failure model is established based on vacuum failure simulation of a non-vacuum failure cryogenic container, and includes a classification model and a regression model.

[0012] Further, the process of the vacuum failure detection includes: The pressure control valve, the first valve, the second valve and the third valve are opened, the vacuum pump is started to pump the vacuum detection tube, and the vacuum gauge is used to monitor the vacuum degree until the target vacuum degree of the vacuum interlayer of the measured cryogenic container is reached, and then the vacuum pump and the pressure control valve are closed. After the vacuum degree in the vacuum detection tube is stable, the vacuum gauge reading is recorded, and the first valve, the second valve and the third valve are closed. The vacuum valve of the cryogenic container is opened, and the vacuum gauge reading is continuously observed. If the reading is greater than the recorded vacuum gauge reading, it is determined that the vacuum degree has decreased, and the vacuum interlayer of the measured container has failed.

[0013] Further, the process of the failure cause judgment includes: The pressure control valve, the first valve, the second valve and the third valve are opened, the vacuum pump is started to pump the vacuum detection tube, and the vacuum gauge is used to monitor the vacuum degree until the target vacuum degree of the vacuum interlayer of the measured cryogenic container is reached, and then the vacuum pump and the pressure control valve are closed. After the vacuum degree in the vacuum detection tube is stable, the vacuum gauge reading is recorded, and the first valve, the second valve and the third valve are closed, and the vacuum valve of the cryogenic container is opened. The first valve is opened, and the second valve and the third valve are kept closed. The vacuum gauge reading is continuously observed. If the reading does not change, it is determined that no external air enters, otherwise it is determined that external air enters, and the failure cause is a crack in the shell. The second valve is opened, and the first valve and the third valve are kept closed. The vacuum gauge reading is continuously observed. If the reading does not change, it is determined that no hydrogen gas is generated, otherwise it is determined that hydrogen gas is generated, and the failure cause is that the container metal material or the interlayer insulation material is gassed. The third valve is opened, and the first valve and the second valve are kept closed. The medium gas detector on the medium detection tube is continuously observed. If the detector detects the medium gas in the inner container of the measured cryogenic container, it is determined that the inner container is leaked, otherwise it is determined that there is no leakage.

[0014] Further, the pre-establishment process of the vacuum failure model includes: Set multiple different target vacuum degrees, simulate from slight to severe failure, set different constant inflation flow, simulate different degrees of low-temperature container vacuum instantaneous failure and slow failure, replace the gas type in the broken air bottle, simulate vacuum failure of different gases; Arbitrarily combine the set end point vacuum degree, constant inflation flow and gas type to obtain a failure possibility set; According to the failure possibility set, the amount of broken air filled into the vacuum interlayer is adjusted by controlling the fourth valve, the vacuum degree is controlled to the target vacuum degree, and the constant inflation flow is controlled by controlling the flow control valve, vacuum failure simulation is performed, the readings of the vacuum gauge and the pressure sensor are recorded in real time and continuously, the vacuum interlayer pressure change curve and the inner container pressure change curve are established; Based on the vacuum interlayer pressure change curve and the inner container pressure change curve, vacuum failure dynamic behavior characteristic parameters are extracted; the vacuum failure dynamic behavior characteristic parameters include vacuum interlayer pressure rising rate, inner container pressure lag time, inner container pressure maximum change rate, inner container pressure steady-state increase value and curve fitting parameters; Based on the collected data of vacuum failure simulation and the vacuum failure dynamic behavior characteristic parameters, a failure condition-feature database is established; Based on the failure condition-feature database, a pre-constructed classification model and a regression model are trained, and finally a vacuum failure model is obtained.

[0015] Further, the process of classifying the vacuum failure condition and quantifying the failure degree of the low-temperature container based on the pre-established vacuum failure model includes: After confirming the vacuum failure, keep all the valves of the vacuum detection device closed, and collect the readings of the vacuum gauge and the pressure sensor in real time within a preset time period, and establish the vacuum interlayer pressure change curve and the inner container pressure change curve; Based on the vacuum interlayer pressure change curve and the inner container pressure change curve, vacuum failure dynamic behavior characteristic parameters are extracted and input into the pre-established vacuum failure model to obtain the vacuum failure condition type and the failure degree.

[0016] Further, the broken air is one of nitrogen, oxygen, air or helium.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application include: 1. The device of the present application can not only realize failure determination, but also realize failure condition simulation and failure degree quantification simulation. The full-process detection can be completed without additional equipment. The vacuum degree monitoring can be realized through the same vacuum detection pipe, and different failure conditions and vacuum failure degrees can be simulated directly through the inflation detection pipe, reducing the operation complexity. The device of the present application can realize rapid and convenient low-temperature container vacuum failure detection by using a vacuum pump to pump the vacuum detection pipe, and then opening the vacuum valve and observing the vacuum gauge reading. The device of the present application can charge broken air into the vacuum interlayer to different vacuum failure degrees by using the inflation detection pipe, and observe the change of the inner container pressure. The inflation flow of the broken air is controlled by using the flow control valve to simulate the instantaneous failure and slow failure conditions, and the change of the inner container pressure is observed by using the pressure sensor. The device has the function of actively testing the low-temperature container inner container pressure change law under different vacuum failure degrees, instantaneous failure and slow failure conditions.

[0018] 2. The device of the present application can detect oxygen in air, hydrogen released by metal materials and heat insulation materials, and medium in the inner container by using oxygen detection pipe, hydrogen detection pipe and medium detection pipe, and can judge the failure reason of the low-temperature container. At the same time, this function can also be realized through the same vacuum detection pipe as the failure determination, without the need to build multiple detection systems, which simplifies the structure and realizes full coverage of the failure reason.

[0019] 3. In the method of the present application, the pre-established vacuum failure model can actively identify the unknown failure condition type and degree based on the real-time collected vacuum degree and inner container pressure data, rather than only judging whether it is failed after the fact. The identified failure condition type and degree can provide a pre-judgment basis for subsequent maintenance. In the model construction, multi-dimensional dynamic characteristic parameters such as vacuum interlayer pressure rise rate and inner container pressure maximum change rate are introduced, rather than relying on single vacuum degree value, which reduces the misjudgment caused by environmental interference and improves the detection accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the low-temperature container vacuum failure active detection device of the present application. Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the low-temperature container vacuum failure detection method of the present application. In the diagram: 1-medium, 2-cryogenic container outer shell, 3-cryogenic container inner liner, 4-vacuum jacket, 5-pressure sensor, 6-vacuum tube, 61-vacuum valve, 7-vacuum detection tube, 71-pressure control valve, 8-oxygen detection tube, 81-first valve, 82-oxygen adsorbent chamber, 9-hydrogen detection tube, 91-second valve, 92-hydrogen adsorbent chamber, 10-medium detection tube, 101-third valve, 102-medium gas detector, 11-filling detection tube, 111-flow control valve, 112-fourth valve, 12-air rupture gas cylinder, 13-vacuum gauge, 14-vacuum pump. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1 An active detection device for vacuum failure in cryogenic containers, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: pressure sensor 5, mounting end, vacuum detection tube 7, pressure control valve 71, oxygen detection tube 8, first valve 81, oxygen adsorbent chamber 82, hydrogen detection tube 9, second valve 91, hydrogen adsorbent chamber 92, medium detection tube 10, third valve 101, medium gas detector 102, gas filling detection tube 11, flow control valve 111, fourth valve 112, air rupture gas bottle 12, vacuum gauge 13, and vacuum pump 14.

[0023] The active detection device is connected to the cryogenic container under test. The cryogenic container is used to store and transport cryogenic liquids such as liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen, liquid helium, and liquefied natural gas. In this embodiment, the substances stored inside are collectively referred to as medium 1. The specific components of the cryogenic container include: medium 1, cryogenic container shell 2, cryogenic container inner liner 3, vacuum jacket 4, vacuum tube 6, and vacuum valve 61. A pressure sensor 5 is installed on the inner liner 3 of the cryogenic container under test to record the pressure change value of the inner liner 3 in real time, providing data support for the classification and quantification of failure conditions.

[0024] The mounting end of the active detection device is connected to the vacuum jacket 4 of the cryogenic container under test via a vacuum tube 6. Figure 1The installation end is not explicitly drawn, one end of the vacuum detection pipe 7 is connected with the installation end, the other end is connected with the vacuum pump 14, the pressure control valve 71 and the vacuum gauge 13 are arranged on the vacuum detection pipe 7, one end of the inflation detection pipe 11 is connected with the vacuum detection pipe 7, the other end is connected with the air breaking bottle 12, the flow control valve 111 is arranged on the inflation detection pipe 11. The inflation detection pipe 11 is used for actively inflating the vacuum interlayer 4 to a specified vacuum degree, the change rule of the pressure in the inner container under different vacuum failure degrees is discussed, and the flow control valve 111 is used for controlling the inflation flow of the air breaking gas, and the change rule of the pressure in the inner container under two working conditions of instantaneous failure and slow failure is simulated The oxygen detection pipe 8, the hydrogen detection pipe 9 and the medium detection pipe 10 are connected with the vacuum detection pipe 7, the other end of the oxygen detection pipe 8 is connected with the oxygen adsorbent bin 82 in which the oxygen adsorbent is arranged, the other end of the hydrogen detection pipe 9 is connected with the hydrogen adsorbent bin 92 in which the hydrogen adsorbent is arranged, and the medium gas detector 102 is arranged on the medium detection pipe 10. Assuming that the medium in the inner container 3 of the low-temperature container is liquefied natural gas, the medium gas detector 102 is a methane detector.

[0025] The first valve 81 for isolating the oxygen detection pipe 8 from the vacuum detection pipe 7 is arranged on the oxygen detection pipe 8, the second valve 91 is arranged on the hydrogen detection pipe 9, the third valve 101 is arranged on the medium detection pipe 10, and the fourth valve 112 is arranged on the inflation detection pipe 11.

[0026] The oxygen detection pipe 8, the hydrogen detection pipe 9 and the medium detection pipe 10 are connected with the vacuum detection pipe 7 between the installation end and the pressure control valve 71, the vacuum gauge 13 is arranged between the medium detection pipe 10 and the pressure control valve 71, and the inflation detection pipe 11 is connected between the vacuum gauge 13 and the pressure control valve 71 on the vacuum detection pipe 7.

[0027] The detection device can actively test the change rule of the pressure in the inner container of the low-temperature container under different vacuum failure degrees and two working conditions of instantaneous failure and slow failure.

[0028] Embodiment 2 Based on the active detection device of the low-temperature container vacuum failure in the above-mentioned embodiment 1, a low-temperature container vacuum failure detection method is disclosed, and the method is as shown in Figure 2 The method comprises steps S1-S5, and the specific steps are as follows: In step S1, the vacuum valve 61 of the measured low-temperature container and the fourth valve 112 of the inflation detection pipe are closed, and the installation end is connected with the vacuum pipe 6 of the measured low-temperature container.

[0029] Step S2, open the pressure control valve 71, the first valve 81, the second valve 91 and the third valve 101, start the vacuum pump 14 to pump the vacuum detection tube 7, and observe the vacuum gauge 13 until the vacuum degree of the vacuum interlayer 4 of the measured cryogenic container reaches the target vacuum degree, and then close the vacuum pump 14 and the pressure control valve 71.

[0030] Step S3, after the vacuum degree in the vacuum detection tube 7 is stable, record the reading of the vacuum gauge 13 (denoted as P1), and close the first valve 81, the second valve 91 and the third valve 101.

[0031] Step S4, perform vacuum failure detection by opening the vacuum valve 61.

[0032] In step S4, the process of vacuum failure detection specifically includes: Open the vacuum valve 61 of the container, and continuously observe the reading of the vacuum gauge 13. If the reading is greater than the recorded reading P1 of the vacuum gauge 13, it is determined that the vacuum degree decreases, and the vacuum interlayer 4 of the measured container fails.

[0033] Step S5, if the measured cryogenic container is in a vacuum failure state, close the pressure control valve 71, and perform failure cause judgment by opening the first valve 81, the second valve 91 or the third valve 101, and classify the vacuum failure working condition of the cryogenic container and quantify the failure degree based on the pre-established vacuum failure model.

[0034] In step S5, the process of failure cause judgment is as follows: Open the first valve 81, keep the second valve 91 and the third valve 101 closed, and continuously observe the reading of the vacuum gauge 13. If the reading does not change, it is determined that no external air enters, otherwise it is determined that external air enters, and the failure cause is that the shell has a crack. Open the second valve 91, keep the first valve 81 and the third valve 101 closed, and continuously observe the reading of the vacuum gauge 13. If the reading does not change, it is determined that no hydrogen gas is generated, otherwise it is determined that hydrogen gas is generated, and the failure cause is that the container metal material or the interlayer insulation material outgases. Open the third valve 101, keep the first valve 81 and the second valve 91 closed, and continuously observe the medium gas detector 102 on the medium detection tube 10. If the detector detects the medium gas in the inner container 3 of the measured cryogenic container, it is determined that the inner container leaks, otherwise it is determined that there is no leakage.

[0035] The principle of the above judgment is as follows: Because the shell crack will cause external air to enter the vacuum interlayer, and the air contains oxygen; therefore, if the reading of the vacuum gauge 13 does not change after opening the first valve 81 of the oxygen detection tube 8, it means that the oxygen adsorbent does not adsorb oxygen, i.e. the shell has no crack; otherwise, it indicates that the shell may have a crack.

[0036] Because the metal material of the cryogenic container and the sandwich insulation material will produce hydrogen gas and enter the vacuum sandwich if they are outgassed, if the second valve 91 of the hydrogen detection tube 9 is opened and the reading of the vacuum gauge 13 does not change, it indicates that the hydrogen adsorbent does not adsorb hydrogen, i.e. the material does not outgas; otherwise, it indicates that the material may have outgassing problems.

[0037] Because the inner container leakage will cause the cryogenic liquid medium (such as liquid nitrogen, liquefied natural gas, etc.) in the inner container to evaporate into gas and enter the vacuum sandwich, if the third valve 101 of the medium detection tube 10 is opened and the medium gas detector 102 detects the corresponding medium gas, it indicates that the inner container has a leak; otherwise, it indicates that the inner container has no leak.

[0038] In step S5, the pre-establishment process of the vacuum failure model is as follows: A plurality of different target vacuum degrees are set to simulate slight to severe failures; for example, 0.1 Pa, 1 Pa, and 10 Pa correspond to light, medium, and severe failures; in another embodiment, the values can be further subdivided, such as setting the target vacuum degree by 0.1 steps, and the corresponding failure degree can also be further subdivided.

[0039] Different constant inflation flow rates are set to simulate different degrees of cryogenic container vacuum instantaneous failure conditions and slow failure conditions; for example, 0.5 L / min and 10 L / min correspond to slow and instantaneous failures. The type of gas in the breakage air bottle 12 is changed to simulate vacuum failure of different gases; the breakage air is one of nitrogen, oxygen, air, or helium; Any combination of the set end-point vacuum degree, constant inflation flow rate, and gas type is used to obtain a failure possibility set; Based on the failure possibility set, the amount of breakage air filled into the vacuum sandwich 4 is adjusted by controlling the fourth valve 112 to control the vacuum degree to the target vacuum degree, and the constant inflation flow rate is adjusted by controlling the flow control valve 111, vacuum failure simulation is performed, the readings of the vacuum gauge 13 and the pressure sensor 5 are recorded in real time and continuously, and the vacuum sandwich pressure change curve and the inner container pressure change curve are established; Based on the vacuum sandwich pressure change curve and the inner container pressure change curve, vacuum failure dynamic behavior characteristic parameters are extracted; the vacuum failure dynamic behavior characteristic parameters include the vacuum sandwich pressure rise rate, the inner container pressure lag time, the inner container pressure maximum change rate, the inner container pressure steady-state increase value, and the curve fitting parameters; Based on the collected data of the vacuum failure simulation and the vacuum failure dynamic behavior characteristic parameters, a failure condition-feature database is established; Based on the failure condition-feature database, the pre-constructed classification model and the regression model are trained, and finally the vacuum failure model is obtained.

[0040] Although the vacuum gauge 13 collects the vacuum degree data of the vacuum interlayer 4 of the measured low-temperature container, and the pressure is inversely related (the lower the vacuum degree, the higher the pressure in the interlayer), therefore, the collected vacuum degree data can be directly converted into the gas pressure value of the vacuum interlayer (for example, a vacuum degree of 1 Pa corresponds to an interlayer pressure of 1 Pa, and a vacuum degree of 0.1 Pa corresponds to an interlayer pressure of 0.1 Pa), and then the readings of the vacuum gauge 13 are continuously recorded, so as to establish a vacuum interlayer pressure change curve, thereby providing a basis for the division of different failure degrees.

[0041] The meanings of the vacuum failure dynamic behavior characteristic parameters are as follows: Vacuum interlayer pressure rising rate: directly reflects the failure speed.

[0042] Inner container pressure lag time: the time difference from the start of the vacuum interlayer pressure rising to the start of the significant rising of the inner container pressure, which is related to the failure speed and the inner container medium.

[0043] Maximum inner container pressure change rate: the fastest speed of the rising of the inner container pressure.

[0044] Inner container pressure steady increase value: the final increase value of the inner container pressure after the vacuum failure stabilizes, which is strongly related to the failure degree.

[0045] Curve fitting parameter: the time constant of the exponential function fitted from the change curve is an important feature.

[0046] The classification model used in the training can be a decision tree, a random forest or a support vector machine, which is used to judge whether it is instantaneous failure or slow failure according to the characteristics, and the regression model can be a linear regression or a gradient boosting tree, which is used to predict the specific leakage rate or the vacuum degree deterioration degree according to the characteristics, and the classification model and the regression model are spliced after the training is completed, so as to obtain the vacuum failure model.

[0047] It should be emphasized that the low-temperature container used in the pre-establishment process of the vacuum failure model is a container that has not been vacuum failed.

[0048] In step S5, the process of classifying the vacuum failure working condition of the low-temperature container and quantifying the failure degree based on the pre-established vacuum failure model includes: After confirming the vacuum failure, keep all the valves of the vacuum detection device closed, and collect the readings of the vacuum gauge 13 and the pressure sensor 5 in real time within a preset time period, and construct the vacuum interlayer pressure change curve and the inner container pressure change curve; Based on the vacuum interlayer pressure change curve and the inner container pressure change curve, the vacuum failure dynamic behavior characteristic parameters are extracted, and input into the pre-established vacuum failure model, to obtain the vacuum failure working condition type and the failure degree.

[0049] In another embodiment, after confirming the vacuum failure, since the internal vacuum degree can have reached a stable value and will not change again, in order to be able to collect accurate parameters again, it is necessary to repeat the above vacuumizing steps again under the condition that the vacuum valve 61 and the fourth valve 112 are closed, connect the installation end of the vacuum detection pipe 7 with the vacuumizing pipe 6 of the inspected piece, open the pressure control valve 71, the first valve 81, the second valve 91 and the third valve 101, start the vacuum pump 14 to vacuumize the vacuum detection pipe, observe the measured value of the vacuum gauge 13 to the target vacuum degree of the vacuum interlayer of the low-temperature container, and then close all the valves again to capture the dynamic characteristics of the overall device in the natural failure state, and construct the vacuum interlayer pressure change curve and the inner container pressure change curve.

[0050] Embodiment 3 On the basis of Embodiment 1, the present embodiment provides an electronic device, comprising one or more processors and a memory, wherein the memory stores one or more programs, and the one or more programs comprise instructions for executing the low-temperature container vacuum failure detection method as described above.

[0051] At the hardware level, the electronic device comprises a processor, an internal bus, a network interface, a memory and a non-volatile memory, and can also comprise other hardware required by the business. The processor reads the corresponding computer program from the non-volatile memory into the memory and then runs to realize the low-temperature container vacuum failure detection method described above. Of course, in addition to the software implementation, the present application does not exclude other implementation manners, such as logic devices or a combination of software and hardware, etc., that is, the execution subject of the following processing flow is not limited to each logic unit, but can also be hardware or logic devices.

[0052] The memory can include non-permanent memory in the computer readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). The memory is an example of the computer readable medium.

[0053] Computer-readable media includes permanent and non-permanent, movable and non-movable media that can implement information storage by any method or technology. The information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassette, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. According to the definition herein, computer-readable media does not include transitory media such as modulated data signals and carriers.

[0054] The above description is merely a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, and these modifications or replacements should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for active detection of vacuum failure of a cryogenic container comprising a mounting end, a vacuum detection tube (7), a gas charge detection tube (11) and a vacuum pump (14), characterized in that, The installation end is connected with a vacuum interlayer (4) of a measured cryogenic container, one end of the vacuum detection pipe (7) is connected with the installation end, and the other end is connected with a vacuum pump (14), and the vacuum detection pipe (7) is provided with a pressure control valve (71) and a vacuum gauge (13); The inner container (3) of the measured cryogenic container is provided with a pressure sensor (5) for recording the pressure change value of the inner container, one end of the inflation detection pipe (11) is connected with the vacuum detection pipe (7), and the other end is connected with a broken air bottle (12) controlled by a flow control valve (111).

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor is a thermistor. The vacuum detection pipe (7) is further connected with an oxygen detection pipe (8), a hydrogen detection pipe (9) and a medium detection pipe (10), the other end of the oxygen detection pipe (8) is connected with an oxygen adsorbent bin (82) internally provided with an oxygen adsorbent, the other end of the hydrogen detection pipe (9) is connected with a hydrogen adsorbent bin (92) internally provided with a hydrogen adsorbent, and the medium detection pipe (10) is provided with a medium gas detector (102).

3. A device for active detection of vacuum failure of a cryogenic container according to claim 2, characterized in that The oxygen detection pipe (8) is provided with a first valve (81), the hydrogen detection pipe (9) is provided with a second valve (91), the medium detection pipe (10) is provided with a third valve (101), and the inflation detection pipe (11) is provided with a fourth valve (112).

4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the temperature sensor is a thermistor. The oxygen detection pipe (8), the hydrogen detection pipe (9) and the medium detection pipe (10) are connected to the vacuum detection pipe (7) between the installation end and the pressure control valve (71), the vacuum gauge (13) is arranged between the medium detection pipe (10) and the pressure control valve (71), and the inflation detection pipe (11) is connected between the vacuum gauge (13) and the pressure control valve (71) on the vacuum detection pipe (7).

5. A method for detecting vacuum failure of a cryogenic vessel based on the active detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: The vacuum valve (61) of the measured cryogenic container and the fourth valve (112) of the inflation detection pipe are closed, and the installation end is connected with a vacuum pipe (6) of the measured cryogenic container; The vacuum failure detection is performed by controlling the vacuum valve (61), the pressure control valve (71), the first valve (81), the second valve (91) and the third valve (101) of the cryogenic container; If the measured cryogenic container is in a vacuum failure state, the pressure control valve (71) is closed, the first valve (81), the second valve (91) or the third valve (101) is opened, the failure reason is judged, and the vacuum failure working condition classification and failure degree quantification of the cryogenic container are performed based on a pre-established vacuum failure model; The vacuum failure model is established based on vacuum failure simulation of a cryogenic container without vacuum failure, and the vacuum failure model comprises a classification model and a regression model.

6. A method of detecting a vacuum failure of a cryogenic container according to claim 5, wherein The process of the vacuum failure detection comprises: The pressure control valve (71), the first valve (81), the second valve (91) and the third valve (101) are opened, the vacuum pump (14) is started to pump the vacuum detection pipe (7), the vacuum degree is monitored by using the vacuum gauge (13), until the target vacuum degree of the vacuum interlayer (4) of the measured cryogenic container is reached, and then the vacuum pump (14) and the pressure control valve (71) are closed. After the vacuum degree in the vacuum detection tube (7) is stable, the reading of the vacuum gauge (13) is recorded, and the first valve (81), the second valve (91) and the third valve (101) are closed. The vacuum valve (61) of the low-temperature container is opened, and the reading of the vacuum gauge (13) is continuously observed; if the reading is greater than the recorded reading of the vacuum gauge (13), it is determined that the vacuum degree decreases, and the vacuum interlayer (4) of the measured container is invalid.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein the method further comprises: The process of judging the failure cause includes: The pressure control valve (71), the first valve (81), the second valve (91) and the third valve (101) are opened, the vacuum pump (14) is started to pump the vacuum in the vacuum detection tube (7), and the vacuum degree is monitored by the vacuum gauge (13) until the target vacuum degree of the vacuum interlayer (4) of the measured low-temperature container is reached, and then the vacuum pump (14) and the pressure control valve (71) are closed. After the vacuum degree in the vacuum detection tube (7) is stable, the reading of the vacuum gauge (13) is recorded, and the first valve (81), the second valve (91) and the third valve (101) are closed. The first valve (81) is opened, the second valve (91) and the third valve (101) are kept closed, and the reading of the vacuum gauge (13) is continuously observed; if the reading does not change, it is determined that no external air enters, otherwise it is determined that external air enters, and the failure cause is that there is a crack in the shell. The second valve (91) is opened, the first valve (81) and the third valve (101) are kept closed, and the reading of the vacuum gauge (13) is continuously observed; if the reading does not change, it is determined that no hydrogen gas is generated, otherwise it is determined that hydrogen gas is generated, and the failure cause is that the container metal material or the interlayer insulation material is outgassing. The third valve (101) is opened, the first valve (81) and the second valve (91) are kept closed, and the medium gas detector (102) on the medium detection tube (10) is continuously observed; if the detector detects the medium gas in the inner container (3) of the low-temperature container, it is determined that the inner container leaks, otherwise it is determined that there is no leakage.

8. The method of claim 5, wherein the method further comprises: The pre-establishment process of the vacuum failure model includes: Different target vacuum degrees are set to simulate slight to severe failure, different constant inflation flow rates are set to simulate different degrees of low-temperature container vacuum instantaneous failure and slow failure, and the type of gas in the air breaking bottle (12) is changed to simulate vacuum failure of different gases. The set end point vacuum degree, constant inflation flow rate and gas type are combined arbitrarily to obtain a failure possibility set. According to the failure possibility set, the amount of air breaking gas filled into the vacuum interlayer (4) is adjusted by controlling the fourth valve (112), the vacuum degree is controlled to the target vacuum degree, and the constant inflation flow rate is adjusted by controlling the flow control valve (111), the vacuum failure simulation is carried out, the readings of the vacuum gauge (13) and the pressure sensor (5) are recorded in real time and continuously, and the vacuum interlayer pressure change curve and the inner container pressure change curve are established. Based on the vacuum interlayer pressure change curve and the inner container pressure change curve, vacuum failure dynamic behavior characteristic parameters are extracted; the vacuum failure dynamic behavior characteristic parameters include vacuum interlayer pressure rise rate, inner container pressure lag time, inner container pressure maximum change rate, inner container pressure steady-state increase value and curve fitting parameters; Based on the vacuum failure simulation data and vacuum failure dynamic behavior characteristic parameters, a failure condition-feature database is established; Based on the failure condition-feature database, a pre-constructed classification model and a regression model are trained, and finally a vacuum failure model is obtained.

9. A method of detecting a vacuum failure of a cryogenic container according to claim 8, wherein, The process of classifying the vacuum failure condition and quantifying the failure degree of the low-temperature container based on the pre-established vacuum failure model includes: After confirming the vacuum failure, keep all the valves of the vacuum detection device closed, and real-time collect the readings of the vacuum gauge (13) and the pressure sensor (5) within a preset time length, and construct a vacuum interlayer pressure change curve and an inner container pressure change curve; Based on the vacuum interlayer pressure change curve and the inner container pressure change curve, vacuum failure dynamic behavior characteristic parameters are extracted and input into the pre-established vacuum failure model to obtain the vacuum failure condition type and the failure degree.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein, The breaking air gas is one of nitrogen, oxygen, air or helium.

Images