Electron beam welding equipment with water cooling tool and process

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electron beam welding, and discloses an electron beam welding device and process with a water cooling tool, and the electron beam welding process comprises the following steps: step 1, stacking welding surfaces of a product to be welded together, putting the stacked welding surfaces into the cooling tool in a vacuum bin, and filling a packaged substance which is not resistant to high temperature into the cooling tool, then the bin door is closed, and the interior of the vacuum bin is vacuumized; 2, the to-be-welded product is welded through electron beams; and 3, during welding, the to-be-welded product is placed on a cooling tool to be cooled, and the flow speed of a cooling medium of the cooling tool is increased through a pressure pump. According to the invention, the temperature of packaged products filled with non-high-temperature-resistant substances can be controlled, and the influence of welding slag on the performance of the runner during welding is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electron beam welding technology, and in particular to an electron beam welding device and process with water-cooled fixtures. Background Technology

[0002] Heat exchangers, as crucial equipment in industrial production, are widely used in petrochemical, power, refrigeration, and aerospace industries. The welding quality of their core component—the piping system—directly affects the heat exchanger's performance and lifespan. Traditional welding methods, such as electric arc welding and gas shielded welding, have limitations in certain high-precision and demanding applications. Electron beam welding, as a high-energy beam welding technology, has gradually become an important choice for heat exchanger piping welding due to its unique advantages. In the aerospace field, electron beam welding is widely used for welding titanium alloy heat exchanger piping, significantly improving the strength and corrosion resistance of the welded joints.

[0003] However, in existing electron beam welding processes, welding slag falls into the flow channels of the products being welded, affecting the performance of the flow channels and thus impacting the product's performance. Furthermore, existing electron beam welding processes also suffer from low cooling efficiency after the weldment is completed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an electron beam welding device and process with water-cooled fixtures to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides an electron beam welding process with water-cooled fixtures, comprising:

[0006] Step 1: Stack the welding surfaces of the products to be welded together and place them into the cooling fixture inside the vacuum chamber. Fill the inside with a heat-sensitive material, then close the chamber door and evacuate the vacuum chamber.

[0007] Step 2: Use the electron beam emitted by the electron beam emitter to weld the product to be welded;

[0008] Step 3: During welding, the product to be welded is placed on a cooling fixture for cooling, and the flow rate of the cooling medium in the cooling fixture is increased by a pressure pump.

[0009] Furthermore, when using an electron beam to weld products, the process includes:

[0010] The product to be welded includes a first welding component and a second welding component. When the first welding component and the second welding component are welded, the inner wall of the first welding component and the second welding component are attached together, and the gap is welded by an electron beam.

[0011] The bottom wall and side wall of the flow channel are both located on the first welded part. When the welding is completed, the bottom wall of the groove of the second welded part becomes the top wall of the flow channel.

[0012] Furthermore, when placing the product to be welded onto a cooling fixture for cooling during welding, the process includes:

[0013] The cooling fixture includes a heat exchange plate and a heat exchange cylinder adapted to the structure of the product to be welded;

[0014] During welding, coolant is supplied to the heat exchange plate through the outlet of the refrigeration unit. The heat exchange plate is used to exchange heat with the bottom surface of the product to be welded. Then, the coolant flows out of the heat exchange plate and into the heat exchange cylinder, and finally flows back to the refrigeration unit. The heat exchange cylinder is used to exchange heat with the side wall of the product to be welded. The heat exchange plate and the heat exchange cylinder are used to control the temperature of the heat-sensitive materials inside the product to be welded.

[0015] Electron beam welding equipment used in electron beam welding processes with water-cooled fixtures includes:

[0016] A cooling fixture includes a heat exchange plate and a heat exchange cylinder. The bottom wall of the heat exchange plate has a first liquid inlet pipe and a first liquid outlet pipe. The side wall of the heat exchange cylinder has a second liquid inlet pipe and a second liquid outlet pipe. The heat exchange cylinder is fixedly connected to the heat exchange plate and is located in the middle of the heat exchange plate. The first liquid outlet pipe is connected to the second liquid inlet pipe. The first liquid inlet pipe and the second liquid outlet pipe are respectively connected to the third liquid outlet pipe and the third liquid inlet pipe of the refrigeration unit.

[0017] A cooling mechanism is disposed inside the cooling fixture. The cooling mechanism includes a first cooling pipe and a second cooling pipe. The first cooling pipe is located inside the heat exchange plate and extends horizontally outward around the axis of the heat exchange plate at a constant interval to the first liquid outlet pipe. The two ends of the first cooling pipe are respectively connected to the first liquid inlet pipe and the first liquid outlet pipe. The second cooling pipe is located inside the heat exchange cylinder and extends spirally downward around the axis of the heat exchange cylinder at a constant interval to the second liquid outlet pipe. The two ends of the second cooling pipe are respectively connected to the second liquid inlet pipe and the second liquid outlet pipe.

[0018] The limiting mechanism includes a locking part and a docking part. The locking part is disposed on the first liquid inlet pipe, and the docking part is disposed on the third liquid outlet pipe. The docking part and the locking part are locked together. The first liquid inlet pipe and the third liquid outlet pipe are locked together by the locking part and the docking part.

[0019] Furthermore, the snap-fit ​​portion includes a first limiting ring, a first limiting hole, and a sealing assembly. The first limiting ring is disposed at one end of the first liquid inlet pipe, and a plurality of first limiting holes are provided on the first limiting ring. The sealing assembly is inserted into the first liquid inlet pipe.

[0020] Furthermore, the sealing assembly includes a first sealing gasket, a first sealing groove, and a first sealing ring, with the top of the first sealing gasket fixedly connected to the first sealing ring, and the first sealing groove being equidistantly disposed on the outer side of the first sealing ring.

[0021] Furthermore, the docking part includes a first pair of connecting pipes, a pressurizing pump, and a fastening assembly. The first pair of connecting pipes is fixedly connected inside the third liquid outlet pipeline. The fastening assembly is provided at the front end of the first pair of connecting pipes, and the pressurizing pump is provided at the lower end of the fastening assembly. The pressurizing pump cooperates with the fastening assembly to prevent the docking part from falling off.

[0022] Furthermore, the fastening assembly includes a first fastener, a second fastener, and a fastening strip. The first fastener has through holes arranged in a ring at equal intervals on its outer side. The through holes penetrate the first fastener, and the second fastener is inserted inside the through holes. The top of the second fastener penetrates the through holes, and the fastening strip is provided at the bottom of the second fastener. The fastening strip is used to limit the position of the second fastener.

[0023] Furthermore, the fastening assembly also includes a limiting arm, a limiting rod, and a limiting block. The limiting rod is fixedly connected to the first liquid inlet pipe at equal intervals. The limiting block is fixedly connected to the limiting rod. A limiting arm is fixedly passed through the limiting block. The two ends of the limiting arm abut against the pressurizing pump and the fastening strip.

[0024] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By performing welding operations within a vacuum chamber, the influence of air on the high-temperature molten metal is eliminated, reducing the risk of oxidation and nitriding of the weld metal during welding. The vacuum environment reduces the possibility of defects such as porosity and inclusions in the weld due to gas entrapment. Simultaneously, it reduces the content of dissolved gases in the weld pool, facilitating better flow and fusion of the molten pool. Applying pressure to the cooling medium increases its flow velocity within the cooling fixture's channels. The higher flow velocity enhances the convective heat transfer efficiency between the cooling medium and the high-temperature welded workpiece. The stable, high-speed flow resulting from pressurization helps to more uniformly and quickly remove the large amount of heat accumulated in the weld and heat-affected zone, reducing localized overheating or insufficient cooling caused by significant differences in cooling rates between different parts of the workpiece. Efficient and uniform cooling helps to more gently reduce the workpiece temperature gradient, thereby reducing the tendency for excessive residual welding stress and structural deformation due to severe or uneven shrinkage, and improving the dimensional stability and load-bearing capacity of the welded structure. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 A welding schematic diagram of an electron beam welding process with water-cooled fixtures provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an electron beam welding device with water-cooled fixtures provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the cooling fixture in an electron beam welding device with water-cooled fixture provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a side view of the snap-fit ​​portion in an electron beam welding device with water-cooled fixtures provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 A side view of the mating section in an electron beam welding device with water-cooled fixtures provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 A side view of the first limiting ring in an electron beam welding device with water-cooled fixtures provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the limiting mechanism in an electron beam welding device with water-cooled fixtures provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 A side view of a sealing assembly in an electron beam welding apparatus with water-cooled fixtures, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 201, First cooling pipe; 202, Second cooling pipe; 203, Heat exchange plate; 204, Heat exchange cylinder; 205, First liquid inlet pipe; 206, Second liquid inlet pipe; 207, First liquid outlet pipe; 208, Second liquid outlet pipe; 209, Third liquid inlet pipe; 210, Third liquid outlet pipe; 3, Limiting mechanism; 301, Connecting part; 3011, First connecting pipe; 3013, Fastening part; 3014, First fastener; 3015, Second fastener; 301 6. Fastening strip; 3017. Through hole; 302. Snap-fit ​​part; 3021. First limiting ring; 3022. First limiting hole; 3023. Sealing assembly; 3024. First sealing gasket; 3025. First sealing groove; 3026. First sealing ring; 3027. Limiting arm; 3028. Limiting rod; 3029. Limiting block; 4. Pressurizing pump; 5. Electron beam emitter; 7. Flow channel; 8. First welded part; 9. Second welded part; 10. Cooler; 11. Electron beam welding chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] In some embodiments of this application, see Figure 1-2 As shown, an electron beam welding device and process with water-cooled fixtures includes:

[0039] Step 1: Stack the welding surfaces of the products to be welded together and place them into the cooling fixture inside the vacuum chamber. Fill the inside with a heat-sensitive material, then close the chamber door and evacuate the vacuum chamber.

[0040] Step 2: Use the electron beam emitted by electron beam emitter 5 to weld the product to be welded;

[0041] Step 3: During welding, the product to be welded is placed on the cooling fixture for cooling, and the flow rate of the cooling medium in the cooling fixture is increased by a pressure pump.

[0042] Specifically, the welding surfaces of the products to be welded are stacked together and placed into a vacuum chamber. At the same time, the vacuum chamber is evacuated, and then an electron beam welds the seam. After the welding is completed, the welded products are placed on a cooling fixture for cooling. The products to be welded contain heat-sensitive materials, and the temperature of the heat-sensitive materials is controlled by the cooling fixture to prevent the temperature from getting too high.

[0043] Understandably, by performing welding operations within a vacuum chamber, the influence of air on the high-temperature molten metal is eliminated, reducing the risk of oxidation and nitriding of the weld metal during welding. The vacuum environment reduces the possibility of defects such as porosity and inclusions in the weld due to gas entrapment. Simultaneously, it reduces the content of dissolved gases in the weld pool, facilitating better flow and fusion. Applying pressure to the cooling medium increases its flow velocity within the cooling fixture channel 7. Higher flow rates enhance the convective heat transfer efficiency between the cooling medium and the high-temperature welded workpiece. The stable, high-speed flow resulting from pressurization helps to more evenly and quickly remove the large amount of heat accumulated in the weld and heat-affected zone, reducing localized overheating or undercooling caused by significant differences in cooling rates between different parts of the workpiece. Efficient and uniform cooling helps to more gently reduce the workpiece temperature gradient, thereby reducing the tendency for excessive residual welding stress and structural deformation due to severe or uneven shrinkage, and improving the dimensional stability and load-bearing capacity of the welded structure.

[0044] In some embodiments of this application, welding products to be welded using an electron beam includes:

[0045] The product to be welded includes a first weldment and a second weldment. When the first weldment and the second weldment are welded, the inner walls of the first weldment and the second weldment are attached, and the gaps are welded by an electron beam.

[0046] The bottom and side walls of the flow channel are located on the first welded part. When the welding is completed, the bottom wall of the groove of the second welded part becomes the top wall of the flow channel.

[0047] In some embodiments of this application, see Figure 3 As shown, when placing the product to be welded onto the cooling fixture for cooling during welding, the process includes:

[0048] The cooling fixture includes a heat exchange plate 203 and a heat exchange cylinder 204 adapted to the structure of the product to be welded;

[0049] During welding, coolant is supplied to the heat exchange plate 203 through the outlet of the refrigeration unit. The heat exchange plate 203 is used for heat exchange on the bottom surface of the product to be welded. The coolant then flows out of the heat exchange plate 203 and into the heat exchange cylinder 204, and finally flows back to the refrigeration unit. The heat exchange cylinder 204 is used for heat exchange on the side wall of the product to be welded. The heat exchange plate 203 and the heat exchange cylinder 204 are used to control the temperature of the heat-sensitive materials inside the product to be welded.

[0050] Specifically, the first weldment 8 is groove-shaped, and the second weldment 9 is cap-shaped. When the second weldment 9 is placed on the first weldment 8, the first weldment 8 and the second weldment 9 are welded by an electron beam. When the welding is completed, the first weldment 8 and the second weldment 9 form a flow channel 7. During welding, the product to be welded needs to be cooled. The product to be welded is placed on a cooling fixture, which is a circular flat platform with a raised heat exchange cylinder 204. During welding, the bottom wall of the first weldment 8 is attached to the heat exchange plate 203, and the side walls of the first weldment 8 and the second weldment 9 are attached to the heat exchange cylinder 204. The heat exchange plate 203 and the heat exchange cylinder 204 are provided with a first cooling pipe 201 and a second cooling pipe 202, thereby dissipating heat from the weldment through heat exchange with coolant.

[0051] Understandably, when the first weldment 8 is closed with the second weldment 9, the outer wall of the second weldment 9 is in close contact with the inner wall of the first weldment 8. This creates a physical barrier between the weld area and the lower flow channel 7. The electron beam directly acts on the gap between the first weldment 8 and the second weldment 9 for welding, ensuring that the weld pool forms outside the flow channel 7 area.

[0052] In another preferred embodiment based on the above embodiments, see [reference] Figure 3-8 As shown, this embodiment provides an electron beam welding apparatus with water-cooled fixtures for applying the above-described electron beam welding process with water-cooled fixtures, including:

[0053] The cooling fixture includes a heat exchange plate 203 and a heat exchange cylinder 204. The bottom wall of the heat exchange plate 203 is provided with a first liquid inlet pipe 205 and a first liquid outlet pipe 207. The side wall of the heat exchange cylinder 204 is provided with a second liquid inlet pipe 206 and a second liquid outlet pipe 208. The heat exchange cylinder 204 is fixedly connected to the heat exchange plate 203 and is located in the middle of the heat exchange plate 203. The first liquid outlet pipe 207 is connected to the second liquid inlet pipe 206. The first liquid inlet pipe 205 and the second liquid outlet pipe 208 are respectively connected to the third liquid outlet pipe 210 and the third liquid inlet pipe 209 of the refrigeration unit.

[0054] A cooling mechanism is installed inside the cooling fixture. The cooling mechanism includes a first cooling pipe 201 and a second cooling pipe 202. The first cooling pipe 201 is located inside the heat exchange plate 203 and extends horizontally outward around the axis of the heat exchange plate 203 at a constant interval to the first liquid outlet pipe 207. The two ends of the first cooling pipe 201 are respectively connected to the first liquid inlet pipe 205 and the first liquid outlet pipe 207. The second cooling pipe 202 is located inside the heat exchange cylinder 204 and extends spirally downward around the axis of the heat exchange cylinder 204 at a constant interval to the second liquid outlet pipe 208. The two ends of the second cooling pipe 202 are respectively connected to the second liquid inlet pipe 206 and the second liquid outlet pipe 208.

[0055] The limiting mechanism 3 includes a locking part 302 and a docking part 301. The locking part 302 is disposed on the first liquid inlet pipe 205, and the docking part 301 is disposed on the third liquid outlet pipe 210. The docking part 301 and the locking part 302 are locked together. The first liquid inlet pipe 205 and the third liquid outlet pipe 210 are locked together by the locking part 302 and the docking part 301.

[0056] Specifically, the cooling fixture is circular with a hollow interior. A cooling mechanism is installed throughout the fixture, comprising a first cooling pipe 201 and a second cooling pipe 202. Both cooling pipes 201 and 202 are arranged to rotate outwards around the axis of the cooling fixture, allowing heat exchange and dissipation on both the side and bottom walls of the weldment. The first liquid inlet pipe 205 and the third liquid outlet pipe 210 are connected. However, the connection between the liquid inlet pipe and the cooling pipe is typically via a flange. Prolonged use of flanges can weaken their sealing performance, leading to a risk of leakage. The sealing performance is improved by the cooperation of the snap-fit ​​part 302 and the docking part 301. That is, the third liquid outlet pipe 210 of the refrigerator is connected to the first liquid inlet pipe 205 of the heat exchange plate 203. When the refrigerator starts to work, its coolant flows into the first liquid inlet pipe 205 through the third liquid outlet pipe 210 via the pressurizing pump 4, flows around the first cooling pipe 201, flows out from the first liquid outlet pipe 207, and then enters the second liquid inlet pipe 206 of the heat exchange cylinder 204. Heat exchange is carried out along the second cooling pipe 202, and then flows out from the second liquid outlet pipe 208, and finally flows into the liquid inlet of the refrigerator.

[0057] In some embodiments of this application, the snap-fit ​​part 302 includes a first limiting ring 3021, a first limiting hole 3022 and a sealing component 3023. The first limiting ring 3021 is disposed at one end of the first liquid inlet pipe 205, and a plurality of first limiting holes 3022 are provided on the first limiting ring 3021. The sealing component 3023 is inserted into the first liquid inlet pipe 205.

[0058] In some embodiments of this application, the sealing assembly 3023 includes a first sealing gasket 3024, a first sealing groove 3025 and a first sealing ring 3026. The top of the first sealing gasket 3024 is fixedly connected to the first sealing ring 3026, and the first sealing groove 3025 is equidistantly disposed on the outer side of the first sealing ring 3026.

[0059] In some embodiments of this application, the docking part 301 includes a first connecting pipe 3011, a pressurizing pump 4 and a fastening assembly. The first connecting pipe 3011 is fixedly connected inside the third liquid outlet pipe 210. A fastening assembly is provided at the front end of the first connecting pipe 3011, and a pressurizing pump 4 is provided at the lower end of the fastening assembly. The pressurizing pump 4 cooperates with the fastening assembly to prevent the docking part 301 from falling off.

[0060] Specifically, a first limiting ring 3021 is provided at the inlet end of the first liquid inlet pipe 205, and a plurality of first limiting holes 3022 are provided on the first limiting ring 3021 for cooperating with the docking part 301. A sealing component 3023 is provided at the inlet of the third liquid outlet pipe 210 to further improve the sealing performance. The docking part 301 includes a first connecting pipe 3011, a pressurizing pump 4 and a fastening component. The first connecting pipe 3011 is connected to the second cooling pipe 202. The fastening component is provided between the pressurizing pump 4 and the first liquid inlet pipe 205 to prevent leakage between the pressurizing pump 4 and the first liquid inlet pipe 205.

[0061] In some embodiments of this application, the fastening assembly includes a first fastener 3014, a second fastener 3015, and a fastening strip 3016. The outer side of the first fastener 3014 is provided with through holes 3017 arranged in a ring at equal intervals. The through holes 3017 penetrate the first fastener 3014. The second fastener 3015 is inserted into the through holes 3017. The top of the second fastener 3015 penetrates the through holes 3017. The bottom of the second fastener 3015 is provided with a fastening strip 3016, which is used to limit the position of the second fastener 3015.

[0062] In some embodiments of this application, the fastening assembly further includes a limiting arm 3027, a limiting rod 3028, and a limiting block 3029. The limiting rod 3028 is fixedly connected to the first liquid inlet pipe 205 at equal intervals. The limiting block 3029 is fixedly connected to the limiting rod 3028. The limiting arm 3027 is fixedly passed through the limiting block 3029. The two ends of the limiting arm 3027 abut against the pressurizing pump 4 and the fastening strip 3016.

[0063] Specifically, the first fastener 3014 is fitted with the first limiting ring 3021, and the through hole 3017 on the first fastener 3014 corresponds to the first limiting hole 3022. The fastening strip 3016 prevents the first fastener 3014 from separating from the first limiting ring 3021, while the limiting arm 3027 abuts against the pressure pump 4 and the first fastener 3014 to prevent the fastening strip 3016 from falling off.

[0064] In some embodiments of this application, a guide vane is circumferentially arranged around the outer surface of the second cooling pipe 202.

[0065] In summary, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By performing welding operations within a vacuum chamber, the influence of air on the high-temperature molten metal is eliminated, reducing the risk of oxidation and nitriding of the weld metal during welding. The vacuum environment reduces the possibility of defects such as porosity and inclusions in the weld due to gas entrapment. Simultaneously, it reduces the content of dissolved gases in the weld pool, facilitating better flow and fusion of the molten pool. Applying pressure to the cooling medium increases its flow velocity within the cooling fixture channel 7. The higher flow velocity enhances the convective heat transfer efficiency between the cooling medium and the high-temperature welded workpiece. The stable, high-speed flow resulting from pressurization helps to more uniformly and quickly remove the large amount of heat accumulated in the weld and heat-affected zone, reducing localized overheating or insufficient cooling caused by significant differences in cooling rates between different parts of the workpiece. Efficient and uniform cooling helps to more gently reduce the temperature gradient of the workpiece, thereby reducing the tendency for excessive residual welding stress and structural deformation due to severe or uneven shrinkage, and improving the dimensional stability and load-bearing capacity of the welded structure.

[0066] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0067] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electron beam welding process with water-cooled fixtures, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Stack the welding surfaces of the products to be welded together and place them into the cooling fixture inside the vacuum chamber. Fill the inside with a heat-sensitive material, then close the chamber door and evacuate the vacuum chamber. Step 2: Use the electron beam emitted by the electron beam emitter (5) to weld the product to be welded; Step 3: During welding, the product to be welded is placed on a cooling fixture for cooling, and the cooling medium flow rate of the cooling fixture is increased by a pressurizing pump (4).

2. The electron beam welding process with water-cooled fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, When using an electron beam to weld products, the process includes: The product to be welded includes a first welding part (8) and a second welding part (9). When the welding surfaces of the first welding part (8) and the second welding part (9) are stacked together, a flow channel (7) is formed between the first welding part (8) and the second welding part (9). The bottom wall and side wall of the flow channel (7) are located on the first welding part (8). When the welding is completed, the bottom wall of the groove of the second welding part (9) is the top wall of the flow channel (7). The gap between the welding surfaces is welded by an electron beam.

3. The electron beam welding process with water-cooled fixtures according to claim 2, characterized in that, When placing the product to be welded onto a cooling fixture for cooling during welding, the process includes: The cooling fixture includes a heat exchange plate (203) and a heat exchange cylinder (204) adapted to the structure of the product to be welded. During welding, coolant is pumped into the heat exchange plate (203) through the outlet of the refrigeration unit. The heat exchange plate (203) is used to exchange heat with the bottom surface of the product to be welded. Then, the coolant flows out of the heat exchange plate (203) and into the heat exchange cylinder (204), and finally flows back into the refrigeration unit. The heat exchange cylinder (204) is used to exchange heat with the side wall of the product to be welded. The heat exchange plate (203) and the heat exchange cylinder (204) are used to control the temperature of the heat-sensitive material inside the product to be welded.

4. The electron beam welding equipment used in the electron beam welding process with water-cooled fixtures as described in claim 3, characterized in that, include: The cooling fixture includes the heat exchange plate (203) and the heat exchange cylinder (204). The bottom wall of the heat exchange plate (203) is provided with a first liquid inlet pipe (205) and a first liquid outlet pipe (207). The side wall of the heat exchange cylinder (204) is provided with a second liquid inlet pipe (206) and a second liquid outlet pipe (208). The heat exchange cylinder (204) is fixedly connected to the heat exchange plate (203) and the heat exchange cylinder (204) is located in the middle of the top surface of the heat exchange plate (203). The first liquid outlet pipe (207) is connected to the second liquid inlet pipe (206). The first liquid inlet pipe (205) and the second liquid outlet pipe (208) are respectively connected to the third liquid outlet pipe (210) and the third liquid inlet pipe (209) of the refrigeration unit. A cooling mechanism is disposed inside the cooling fixture. The cooling mechanism includes a first cooling pipe (201) and a second cooling pipe (202). The first cooling pipe (201) is located inside the heat exchange plate (203) and extends horizontally outward around the axis of the heat exchange plate (203) at a constant interval to the first liquid outlet pipe (207). The two ends of the first cooling pipe (201) are respectively connected to the first liquid inlet pipe (205) and the first liquid outlet pipe (207). The second cooling pipe (202) is located inside the heat exchange cylinder (204) and extends spirally downward around the axis of the heat exchange cylinder (204) at a constant interval to the second liquid outlet pipe (208). The two ends of the second cooling pipe (202) are respectively connected to the second liquid inlet pipe (206) and the second liquid outlet pipe (208). The limiting mechanism (3) includes a snap-fit ​​part (302) and a docking part (301). The snap-fit ​​part (302) is disposed on the first liquid inlet pipe (205), and the docking part (301) is disposed on the third liquid outlet pipe (210). The docking part (301) and the snap-fit ​​part (302) snap each other together. The first liquid inlet pipe (205) and the third liquid outlet pipe (210) are snapped together by the snap-fit ​​part (302) and the docking part (301).

5. The electron beam welding equipment with water-cooled fixtures according to claim 4, characterized in that, The snap-fit ​​part (302) includes a first limiting ring (3021), a first limiting hole (3022) and a sealing component (3023). The first limiting ring (3021) is disposed at one end of the first liquid inlet pipe (205). The first limiting ring (3021) has a plurality of first limiting holes (3022) opened on it. The sealing component (3023) is inserted into the first liquid inlet pipe (205).

6. The electron beam welding equipment with water-cooled fixtures according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sealing assembly (3023) includes a first sealing gasket (3024), a first sealing groove (3025) and a first sealing ring (3026). The top of the first sealing gasket (3024) is fixedly connected to the first sealing ring (3026), and the first sealing groove (3025) is equidistantly disposed on the outside of the first sealing ring (3026).

7. The electron beam welding equipment with water-cooled fixtures according to claim 6, characterized in that, The docking part (301) includes a first connecting pipe (3011), a pressurizing pump (4) and a fastening assembly. The first connecting pipe (3011) is fixedly connected inside the third liquid outlet pipe (210). The fastening assembly is provided at the front end of the first connecting pipe (3011), and the pressurizing pump (4) is provided at the lower end of the fastening assembly. The pressurizing pump (4) cooperates with the fastening assembly to prevent the docking part (301) from falling off.

8. The electron beam welding equipment with water-cooled fixture according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fastening assembly includes a first fastener (3014), a second fastener (3015), and a fastening strip (3016). The first fastener (3014) has through holes (3017) arranged in a ring at equal intervals on its outer side. The through holes (3017) penetrate the first fastener (3014). The second fastener (3015) is inserted into the through holes (3017). The top of the second fastener (3015) penetrates the through holes (3017). The fastening strip (3016) is provided at the bottom of the second fastener (3015). The fastening strip (3016) is used to limit the position of the second fastener (3015).

9. The electron beam welding equipment with water-cooled fixtures according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fastening assembly further includes a limiting arm (3027), a limiting rod (3028), and a limiting block (3029). The limiting rod (3028) is fixedly connected to the first liquid inlet pipe (205) at equal intervals. The limiting block (3029) is fixedly connected to the limiting rod (3028). The limiting arm (3027) is fixedly passed through the limiting block (3029). The two ends of the limiting arm (3027) abut against the pressurizing pump (4) and the fastening strip (3016).

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