Laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frame

Abstract

The invention discloses laser welding equipment for photovoltaic assembly frame machining, and belongs to the technical field of welding tools and clamps. Comprising a supporting unit and a machining unit, a C-shaped elastic follow-up finger and a flat-bottom pressing block can be rapidly switched to adapt to special-shaped structures such as a narrow frame and a back rib, and the scratch rate of an anode film is greatly reduced; the flatness of the super-long profile is improved through the three-point inner groove pressing beam layout, the angular deformation is reduced to 0.2 mm from 0.8 mm, and the qualified rate of welding seams is increased to 99%. The through welding bead groove is completely emptied, the laser is not blocked, and welding slag automatically falls down; the lateral floating clamp and the bottom supporting strip cooperate to achieve initial positioning, and thermal deformation is restrained. A pulse micro-positive pressure air nozzle prevents air from flowing backwards, a spiral cable sheath reduces temperature rise, and the service life is prolonged; the low-frequency shock pad and the high-frequency sound-absorbing heat-conducting ring cooperate to inhibit impact and thermal deformation, it is ensured that the welding precision is stabilized within + / -0.1 mm, and high-quality, high-speed and low-loss welding is integrally achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of welding fixtures and clamps, and particularly relates to a laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frames. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry, the market increasingly demands the precision, efficiency and surface quality of photovoltaic modules. The welding quality of photovoltaic assembly frames directly affects the mechanical strength, sealing performance and appearance of the modules. At present, the traditional laser welding equipment faces the following technical bottlenecks when processing photovoltaic frames: Lack of rigidity and poor adaptability: the length of the conventional jig main supporting beam is fixed, and it is difficult to be compatible with super-long profiles, so that the frame is deformed due to its own weight during the welding process, the flatness is out of tolerance, the angle deformation is as high as 0.8 mm, and the welding seam qualified rate is less than 90%; the traditional rigid clamp (such as a pneumatic cylinder pressing block) is prone to leaving marks or scratches (scratch rate > 3%) on the surface of the anodic oxidation film due to small contact area and large pressure, which affects the insulation performance of the module; the lateral positioning depends on fixed blocks, and the width tolerance (±0.3 mm) of the profile cannot be compensated, and the frame is bent due to excessive constraint during the welding thermal expansion, and residual stress is formed after cooling, which causes size drift (±0.2 mm).

[0003] Fixed rollers are generally arranged in the open welding groove, which can support the U-shaped groove, but the special jigs need to be frequently replaced due to interference of the special-shaped structures such as backbones and convexes, and the replacement time is as long as 30 minutes; therefore, the laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frames is provided. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims at solving the problems in the prior art and provides the laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frames.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the application adopts the following technical scheme: the laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frames comprises a supporting unit and a processing unit, the inner cavity of the supporting unit is provided with the processing unit, the supporting unit comprises a base and a plug-in platform installed on the upper end face of the base, the top of the plug-in platform is provided with a welding cabin, one side of the welding cabin is provided with a side reinforcing part, the top of the welding cabin is provided with a top mounting opening, the other side of the welding cabin is provided with a balance frame, and the side end face of the plug-in platform is provided with a processing box, and the inner cavity of the processing box is provided with the processing unit. The supporting unit bears all functional modules, provides a rigid reference and closed protection, and serves as a smoke and laser shielding shell.

[0006] The mounting surface of the base is connected with the foot interface, absorbs the dynamic load and welding reaction force of the equipment, and guarantees the horizontal precision of the whole line.

[0007] The plug-in platform can quickly replace various clamping units. One production line can switch different component specifications in minutes.

[0008] The welding cabin frame is placed, clamped, and welded in the centralized area. The top / side openings are used for feeding and discharging and laser head access.

[0009] The side reinforcement and balance frame provide longitudinal pushing for the frame and avoid protruding parts such as wire arms and grounding sheets, achieving "zero interference" feeding.

[0010] The top mounting port can mount a laser head, a vision camera, or a dust cover, and can be modularly replaced according to process requirements.

[0011] The processing box suspends the processing unit in the welding cabin cavity, making the frame weld seam directly face the open welding groove to ensure 100% laser penetration.

[0012] Preferably, the processing unit includes a main support beam and a bottom support strip mounted at the bottom position of the side end face of the main support beam. The two sides of the main support beam are wrapped with side floating clamps. An open welding groove is formed in the middle position of the main support beam. Five groups of rollers are installed in the inner cavity of the open welding groove in a transverse arrangement. The main support beam provides a support surface, a sliding rail, and a mounting interface, which can determine the overall length and rigidity of the jig.

[0013] The bottom support strip holds the lower lip of the C-shaped cavity of the frame from the bottom, preventing welding sagging, and together with the side floating clamp, it completes the initial positioning.

[0014] The side floating clamp is embraced on both sides, with a disc spring compensating for the width error of the profile, continuously outputting side damping, and suppressing thermal deformation.

[0015] The open welding groove is 100% open directly below the weld seam, with no laser obstruction, and also serves as a slag / protection gas discharge channel. The interior can be equipped with rollers or left empty, determining the "passing mode" of the jig.

[0016] The rollers form a rolling guide at the edge of the empty cavity, self-centering and reducing scratches. The number of rollers can be increased or decreased to meet different length and special shape requirements.

[0017] The pressure arm support provides a rotation support point for the pressure arm, with an internal angle encoder to ensure 90° accuracy for the four-corner frame.

[0018] The pressure arm can link the pressure arm support to complete the three-step actions of "tightening-loosening-avoiding", covering the full length or multiple segments to determine the tightening method.

[0019] The C-shaped elastic follow-up finger end head embraces the outer wall of the frame, with a large contact area and soft clamping force, reducing the scratch rate.

[0020] The flat bottom block cancels the inner recess and is directly pressed on the flat top or reinforcing rib, compatible with narrow frame and back rib thick frame; matched with full empty welding groove, zero obstacle in special-shaped area, scratch rate reduced by half.

[0021] Three-point inner groove pressed beam aluminum beam + 3 groups of independent slide, inner groove and reserved upper and lower rollers, forming a "three-point force system"; ultra-long frame flatness ≤0.2mm / m, can jump and press when encountering obstacles, angular deformation from 0.8mm to 0.2mm, weld pass rate increased to 99%.

[0022] The C-shaped elastic follower installed on the slide block to be laser welded still maintains light pressure on the edge of the frame, and continues to constrain the workpiece by using the established ±0.02mm reference, preventing side bending caused by cooling shrinkage; At the same time, the slide block can smoothly send the finished frame along the track to the welding cabin body, realizing "zero secondary positioning" and directly transitioning to the next station such as corner code reinforcement or automatic unloading belt, avoiding manual touch causing anode film scratches, and keeping the finished product flatness within 0.2mm / m. The lateral end surface of the main supporting beam is used to support one side end surface of the photovoltaic assembly frame, the pressure arm rotates and adjusts around the hinge strip, so that the C-shaped elastic follower touches the other side end surface of the photovoltaic assembly frame after rotation and adjustment. The C-shaped elastic follower is in a C-shaped inner recess structure, the inner cavity wall of the C-shaped elastic follower clamps the outer wall of the photovoltaic assembly frame from the outside to the inside, and the U-shaped notch of the photovoltaic assembly frame is fixed and placed towards the transparent welding groove at this time. The rollers arranged transversely in the inner cavity can position and limit the U-shaped notch of the photovoltaic assembly frame, and the assembly mechanism formed by the lateral floating clamp and the bottom supporting strip can limit and clamp the photovoltaic assembly frame, forming a stable positioning and clamping structure.

[0023] Large contact area, soft clamping force, anode film scratch rate reduced, laser butt joint gap fluctuation ±0.1mm, suitable for high-speed thin-walled lines.

[0024] Preferably, the processing unit further comprises a pressure arm support installed on the end surface of the main supporting beam, the pressure arm support is movably connected between the hinge strip and the pressure arm, and the inner end surface of the pressure arm is installed with a C-shaped elastic follower. Replace the C-shaped elastic follower with a flat bottom block, and remove all the rollers in the transparent welding groove. The flat bottom block is used as a flat bottom block, the lower surface cancels the C-shaped inner recess, and is directly pressed on the flat top or reinforcing rib of the frame, which can be compatible with narrow frames without outward flanges or thick frames with back ribs. At the same time, the transparent welding groove becomes a full-through cavity, and there is no roller inside to hinder the back rib, convex, line groove and other special-shaped structures from passing through, keeping the inner cavity of the transparent welding groove completely empty.

[0025] No roller obstruction in special-shaped area, back rib can pass freely; reduced contact area, reduced scratch rate; 100% empty below, welding slag can automatically fall.

[0026] Preferably, the processing unit further comprises a flat bottom pressing block replaceable C-shaped elastic follow-up finger, and the roller in the open welding groove cavity is removed.

[0027] Preferably, the processing unit further comprises a three-point inner groove pressing beam replaceable C-shaped elastic follow-up finger, and the length of the main supporting beam, the lateral floating clamp and the open welding groove is expanded, and the number of rollers is reduced to three groups. Another comparative embodiment is proposed, in which the main supporting beam is further extended by 600 mm at both ends to form a "lengthened main supporting surface", and the lateral floating clamp is simultaneously lengthened into a "through-type opposite-side floating clamp" while maintaining the original disc spring compensation structure. Then, the C-shaped elastic follow-up finger is removed as a whole and replaced by a three-point inner groove pressing beam "three-point inner groove pressing beam": a light aluminum beam is arranged along the full length, and 3 groups of independent sliding seats are arranged on the beam at intervals, and an inner groove corresponding to the shape of the roller is formed at the bottom of each sliding seat to form a "upper groove pressing-lower groove supporting" combined structure.

[0028] The three-point layout makes the stress uniform in the full-length direction, and the flatness after welding is improved. When encountering obstacles, the middle sliding seat can be quickly moved away to realize "jumping position pressing", and the remaining two points still maintain reliable clamping. A set of fixtures covers the full series of super-long profiles, and the angular deformation is reduced from 0.8 mm to 0.2 mm, and the weld seam qualification rate is improved.

[0029] Preferably, the top of the main supporting beam is transversely arranged with a spiral cable sheath, a pulse micro-positive pressure air jet nozzle and a cable heat dissipation spiral groove. The pulse micro-positive pressure air jet nozzle sprays downward in a pulse intermittent manner, and only starts at the moment when the laser is out of focus. The vaporization volume of the mist droplets instantaneously expands by 50 times, forming a local micro-positive pressure to prevent external air from flowing back.

[0030] The combination structure between the spiral cable sheath and the cable heat dissipation spiral groove just accommodates a row of silica gel wires. The wires naturally sag after winding half a circle along the spiral, without hard bending points. The sheath does not crack after 100,000 reciprocations. The spiral pitch is 20 mm, forming an open heat dissipation gap. The temperature rise of the wire bundle carrying current is reduced from 25°C to 12°C, extending the insulation life by 3 times.

[0031] The notch buckle type cover can be opened with one hand. During maintenance, the entire cable is exposed at one time, and the wire replacement time is ≤1 min. The outer diameter does not protrude from the equipment profile, keeping the laser passage unobstructed.

[0032] A plurality of low-frequency shock-absorbing pads are vertically installed at the interval between the side end face of the main supporting beam and the processing box, and a high-frequency sound-absorbing and heat-conducting ring is installed on the side end face of the low-frequency shock-absorbing pad. The low-frequency shock-absorbing pad and the high-frequency sound-absorbing and heat-conducting ring are arranged on the side end wall of the main supporting beam, the low-frequency shock-absorbing pad 6 absorbs the pressure arm closing impact in the 0-300 Hz low-frequency band, the peak acceleration attenuation is 65%, and the laser head is prevented from shaking to cause the welding bead to jump.

[0033] The high-frequency sound-absorbing and heat-conducting ring converts ultrasonic conduction into heat energy in the high-frequency band, the ring-shaped fin quickly transversely guides the welding heat while the low-frequency impact is absorbed by the disc spring, the hotspot temperature is reduced by 15 DEG C, and the local thermal expansion of the main supporting beam is prevented from causing the clamping reference to drift; After the high-frequency vibration energy is converted into heat energy by the microporous pad, the heat energy is immediately absorbed by the graphite phase change particles and radiated outward, heat accumulation in the shock-absorbing area is avoided, the surface temperature of the gasket is ≤5 DEG C, and the impact heat is synchronously dispersed.

[0034] Preferably, the welding cabin comprises a cabin body and a top connecting piece connected between the two cabin bodies.

[0035] Preferably, the welding cabin further comprises an internal mounting piece mounted in the inner cavity of the cabin body. The photovoltaic assembly frame after the welding process is inserted into the inner cavity of the cabin body, and the two cabin bodies are connected in series through the top connecting piece, and the inner cavity of the cabin body is a "finished product slot": the photovoltaic frame after welding is directly inserted horizontally, without the need for secondary clamping, the interference between the inner cavity width and the frame thickness is ≤0.1 mm, the horizontal positioning is automatically completed, and the cooling shrinkage deformation is prevented.

[0036] The two cabin bodies form two rigid channels after being connected by the top connecting piece, the overall length can be quickly replaced according to the specifications of the assembly, the super-long frame is "multi-point supported and not sagged" during conveying, the two ends of the channel are seamlessly connected with the downstream belt or stacker, the traditional mechanical hand movement is omitted, the beat is shortened by 15%, and the surface of the frame and the anode film are not additionally scratched.

[0037] The two cabin bodies can be rotated and adjusted around the top connecting piece as a fulcrum, the top connecting piece adopts a hinged quick-lock structure, the two cabin bodies can be steplessly rotated within ±10 DEG around the common hinge shaft and locked instantaneously; after rotation, the whole frame supporting channel becomes a "tiltable chute", the discharge inclination can be directly adjusted according to the height difference of the downstream process, the flexible downhill conveying of 0 DEG-10 DEG is realized, and the elevator or the transition belt is omitted; the lock handle can be loosened to reset, the changeover and debugging time is shortened from 15 min to 1 min, the built-in scale disc of the hinge shaft has a repeated angle accuracy of ≤0.5 DEG, and the straightness of the long frame is guaranteed to be ≤0.2 mm / m during the inclined sliding process.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: 1、The jig system realizes high-precision, low-damage and high-efficiency photovoltaic frame laser welding through modular and flexible design. The C-shaped elastic follow-up finger and the flat bottom pressing block can be quickly switched, which is suitable for narrow frame, back rib and other special-shaped structures, and the anode film scratch rate is greatly reduced; the three-point inner groove pressing beam layout improves the flatness of the super-long profile, the angle deformation is reduced from 0.8mm to 0.2mm, and the weld seam qualified rate is increased to 99%. The transparent welding groove is 100% empty, the laser is not blocked, and the welding slag falls automatically; the lateral floating clamp and the bottom supporting strip realize initial positioning, and inhibit thermal deformation.

[0039] 2、The welding cabin and the finished product sliding groove are seamlessly connected, realizing "zero secondary positioning" conveying, the beat is improved by 15%, and there is no additional scratch. The lengthened main supporting surface and the through floating clamp improve the rigidity and are compatible with the whole series specifications; the tiltable sliding groove supports flexible adjustment of 0°-10°, and the change type time is reduced from 15min to 1min.

[0040] 3、The pulse micro-positive pressure air nozzle prevents air backflow, the spiral cable sheath reduces temperature rise and prolongs service life; the low-frequency shock-absorbing pad and the high-frequency sound-absorbing heat-conducting ring cooperate to inhibit impact and thermal deformation, ensure that the welding precision is stable within ±0.1mm, and realize high-quality, high-speed and low-loss welding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frame is proposed in the present application; Figure 2 A support unit structure schematic diagram of a laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frame is proposed in the present application; Figure 3 A support unit top view of a laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frame is proposed in the present application; Figure 4 A welding cabin structure schematic diagram of a laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frame is proposed in the present application; Figure 5 A processing unit structure schematic diagram of a laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frame is proposed in the present application; Figure 6 A flat bottom pressing block structure schematic diagram of a laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frame is proposed in the present application; Figure 7 A three-point inner groove pressing beam structure schematic diagram of a laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frame is proposed in the present application; Figure 8 A spiral cable sheath, pulse micro-positive pressure air nozzle and cable heat dissipation spiral groove structure schematic diagram of a laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frame is proposed in the present application; Figure 9A low-frequency shock-absorbing pad and a high-frequency sound-absorbing heat-conducting ring structure schematic diagram of a laser welding equipment for processing a photovoltaic assembly frame.

[0042] In the figure: 1, support unit; 11, base; 12, plug-in platform; 13, welding cabin; 131, cabin body; 132, top connector; 133, built-in mounting; 14, side stiffener; 15, top mounting port; 16, balance frame; 17, processing box; 2, processing unit; 21, main support beam; 22, bottom support strip; 23, lateral floating clamp; 24, open weld groove; 25, roller; 26, pressure arm support; 27, pressure arm; 28, C-shaped elastic follow-up finger; 29, flat bottom pressing block; 210, three-point recessed groove pressing beam; 3, spiral cable sheath; 4, pulse micro-positive pressure air jet nozzle; 5, cable heat dissipation spiral groove; 6, low-frequency shock-absorbing pad; 7, high-frequency sound-absorbing heat-conducting ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all.

[0044] Reference Figures 1-9 , Embodiment 1, a laser welding equipment for processing a photovoltaic assembly frame, comprising a support unit 1 and a processing unit 2, characterized in that the inner cavity of the support unit 1 is installed with the processing unit 2, the support unit 1 comprises a base 11 and a plug-in platform 12 installed on the upper end surface of the base 11, a welding cabin 13 is installed at the top position of the plug-in platform 12, a side stiffener 14 is formed on one side of the welding cabin 13, a top mounting port 15 is installed on the top of the welding cabin 13, a balance frame 16 is formed on the other side of the welding cabin 13, a processing box 17 is installed on the side end surface of the plug-in platform 12, and the processing unit 2 is installed in the inner cavity of the processing box 17. The support unit 1 bears all functional modules, provides a rigid reference and closed protection, and serves as a smoke and laser shielding shell.

[0045] The mounting surface of the base 11 is connected with the anchor interface, absorbs the dynamic load and welding reaction force of the equipment, and ensures the horizontal precision of the whole line.

[0046] The plug-in platform 12 can quickly replace various clamping units, and one production line can switch different component specifications in minutes.

[0047] The welding cabin 13 is the concentrated area of frame positioning, clamping and welding, and the top / side openings are used for feeding and discharging and entering the laser head.

[0048] The side stiffener 14 and the balance frame 16 are used for avoiding the protruding parts such as the out-of-line arm and the grounding sheet when the frame is longitudinally pushed in, and realize “zero interference” feeding.

[0049] The top mounting port 15 can mount a laser head, a visual camera or a dust cover, and is modularly replaced according to process requirements.

[0050] The processing box 17 suspends the processing unit 2 in the inner cavity of the welding cabin 13, so that the frame weld is opposite to the transparent welding groove 24 to leave a space, and 100% laser penetration is ensured.

[0051] The processing unit 2 comprises a main supporting beam 21 and a bottom supporting strip 22 installed at the bottom position of the side end face of the main supporting beam 21, the two sides of the main supporting beam 21 are wrapped with a lateral floating clamp 23, and a transparent welding groove 24 is arranged at the middle position of the main supporting beam 21, and five groups of rollers 25 are arranged in the inner cavity of the transparent welding groove 24 in a transverse arrangement. The main supporting beam 21 provides a supporting surface, a sliding rail and an installation interface, which can determine the total length and rigidity of the jig.

[0052] The bottom supporting strip 22 holds the lower lip of the frame C-shaped cavity from the bottom, prevents welding sagging, and completes the initial positioning together with the lateral floating clamp 23.

[0053] The lateral floating clamp 23 is wrapped around left and right, and a disc spring compensation profile width error is continuously outputted to suppress thermal deformation.

[0054] The transparent welding groove 24 is 100% transparent below the weld, the laser is not blocked, and the transparent welding groove 24 also serves as a slag / protection gas discharge channel; the inner cavity of the transparent welding groove 24 can be empty or can be equipped with rollers 25, which determines the “passing mode” of the jig.

[0055] The rollers 25 form a rolling guide at the edge of the empty cavity, and are self-centered and reduce the scratch; the number of the rollers 25 can be increased or decreased to correspond to different lengths and special-shaped requirements.

[0056] The pressure arm support 26 provides a rotation support point for the pressure arm 27, and an angle encoder is arranged in the pressure arm support 26 to ensure the 90° accuracy of the four-corner group frame.

[0057] The pressure arm 27 can be linked with the pressure arm support 26 to complete the three-step actions of “pressing-tightening-releasing”, and the full-length coverage or multi-segment coverage determines the pressing mode.

[0058] The C-shaped elastic follow-up finger 28 wraps around the outer wall of the frame, has a large contact area and soft clamping force, and reduces the scratch rate.

[0059] The flat bottom pressing block 29 cancels the inner recess, and is directly pressed on the flat top or reinforcing rib, is compatible with narrow frames and back rib thickened frames; in cooperation with the full-empty transparent welding groove 24, the special-shaped area has zero obstruction, and the scratch rate is reduced by half again.

[0060] In example 2, the three-point inner groove pressing beam 210 aluminum beam + 3 groups of independent sliding seats, the inner groove and the retained roller 25 are wrapped around up and down, forming a “three-point force system”; the flatness of the super-long frame is ≤0.2 mm / m, the position can be jumped when encountering obstacles, the angular deformation amount is reduced from 0.8 mm to 0.2 mm, and the weld pass rate is increased to 99%.

[0061] The C-shaped elastic follow-up finger 28 installed on the slider to be laser welded is still kept in light pressure of the frame end, and the established ±0.02mm reference is used to continue to constrain the workpiece, to prevent side bending caused by cooling shrinkage; At the same time, the slider can smoothly send the finished frame along the track out of the welding cabin 13 cavity, to realize "zero secondary positioning" direct transition to the next station such as corner reinforcement or automatic unloading belt, to avoid artificial touching causing anode film scratching, and the finished product flatness is kept within 0.2mm / m. The transverse end surface of the main supporting beam 21 is used to support one side end surface of the photovoltaic assembly frame, the pressure arm 27 rotates and adjusts around the hinge strip as the fulcrum, so that the C-shaped elastic follow-up finger 28 touches the other side end surface of the photovoltaic assembly frame after rotation and adjustment. The C-shaped elastic follow-up finger 28 is provided in a C-shaped concave structure, the inner cavity wall of the C-shaped elastic follow-up finger 28 clamps the outer wall of the photovoltaic assembly frame from the outside to the inside in the processing state, the U-shaped notch of the photovoltaic assembly frame is fixed and placed at this time towards the transparent welding groove 24, the horizontally arranged rollers 25 in the inner cavity can position and limit the U-shaped notch of the photovoltaic assembly frame, and the assembly mechanism formed by the lateral floating clamp 23 and the bottom supporting strip 22 can limit and clamp the photovoltaic assembly frame, to form a stable positioning and clamping structure.

[0062] The contact area is large, the clamping force is soft, the anode film scratching rate is reduced, the laser butt joint gap fluctuation is ±0.1mm, and it is suitable for high-speed thin-walled lines.

[0063] In example 3, the processing unit 2 further comprises a pressure arm support 26 installed on the upper end surface of the main supporting beam 21, the pressure arm support 26 is movably connected between the hinge strip and the pressure arm 27, and the inner end surface of the pressure arm 27 is installed with the C-shaped elastic follow-up finger 28; The C-shaped elastic follow-up finger 28 is replaced by a flat bottom pressing block 29, and all the rollers 25 in the transparent welding groove 24 are removed. The flat bottom pressing block 29 adopts a flat bottom pressing block, the lower surface cancels the C-shaped concave, and directly presses on the frame flat top or reinforcing rib, which can be compatible with narrow frames without outward flanges or thickened frames with back ribs. At the same time, the transparent welding groove 24 becomes a full-through cavity, and there is no roller inside to hinder the back rib, convex, line groove and other special-shaped structures to freely pass through, keeping the inner cavity of the transparent welding groove 24 in a completely empty state.

[0064] The special-shaped area is not hindered by the roller, and the back rib can freely pass through; the contact area is reduced, the scratching rate is reduced; the lower 100% is empty, and the welding slag can automatically fall.

[0065] In example 4, the processing unit 2 further comprises a flat bottom pressing block 29 which can replace the C-shaped elastic follow-up finger 28, and the rollers 25 provided in the inner cavity of the transparent welding groove 24 are removed.

[0066] The processing unit 2 further comprises a three-point inner groove pressing beam 210 replaceable for the C-shaped elastic follow-up finger 28, the length expansion of the main supporting beam 21, the lateral floating clamp 23 and the transparent welding groove 24, and the reduction of the roller 25 to three groups; Another comparative example, example 5, is proposed, in which the main supporting beam 21 is further extended by 600 mm at both ends to form a "lengthened main supporting surface"; the lateral floating clamp 23 is simultaneously lengthened into a "through-type opposite-side floating clamp" while maintaining the original disc spring compensation structure; and then the C-shaped elastic follow-up finger 28 is removed as a whole and replaced by a three-point inner groove pressing beam 210 "three-point inner groove pressing beam": a light aluminum beam is arranged along the full length, and 3 groups of independent sliding seats are arranged at intervals on the beam, and each sliding seat is provided with an inner groove corresponding to the shape of the roller 25 at the bottom to form a "upper groove pressing-lower groove supporting" combined structure.

[0067] The three-point layout makes the stress uniform in the full-length direction, and the flatness after welding is improved; when encountering obstacles, the middle sliding seat can be quickly moved away to realize "jumping position pressing", and the remaining two points still maintain reliable clamping; a set of jigs covers the full series of super-long profiles, and the angular deformation is reduced from 0.8 mm to 0.2 mm, and the weld seam qualification rate is improved.

[0068] In example 6, the top of the main supporting beam 21 is arranged transversely with a spiral cable sheath 3, a pulse micro-positive pressure air jet nozzle 4 and a cable heat dissipation spiral groove 5; The pulse micro-positive pressure air jet nozzle 4 sprays downward in a pulse intermittent manner, and is only started at the moment of laser defocusing, so that the vaporization volume of the mist droplets instantaneously expands by 50 times, forming a local micro-positive pressure to prevent external air from flowing back.

[0069] The combination structure between the spiral cable sheath 3 and the cable heat dissipation spiral groove 5 just accommodates a row of silica gel wires therebetween, and the wires naturally sag after winding along the spiral for half a turn without hard bending points. The spiral pitch is 20 mm, forming an open heat dissipation gap, and the temperature rise of the wire harness is reduced from 25°C to 12°C, prolonging the insulation life by 3 times.

[0070] The notch buckle type cover can be opened with one hand; during maintenance, the entire cable is exposed at one time, the wire replacement time is ≤1 min, and the outer diameter does not protrude from the equipment profile, keeping the laser channel unobstructed.

[0071] In example 7, a plurality of low-frequency shock-absorbing pads 6 are vertically installed at the interval between the side end face of the main supporting beam 21 and the processing box 17, and a high-frequency sound-absorbing and heat-conducting ring 7 is installed on the side end face of the low-frequency shock-absorbing pad 6; The arranged low-frequency shock-absorbing pads 6 and high-frequency sound-absorbing and heat-conducting rings 7 are attached to the side end wall of the main supporting beam 21, and the low-frequency shock-absorbing pads 6 absorb the pressure arm closing impact in the 0-300 Hz low-frequency band, with a peak acceleration attenuation of 65%, avoiding the laser head shaking to cause the welding bead to jump.

[0072] The high-frequency sound-absorbing and heat-conducting ring 7 converts ultrasonic conduction into heat energy in the high-frequency band. While the low-frequency impact is absorbed by the disc spring, the annular fin quickly transversely conducts the welding heat. The temperature of the hot spot is reduced by 15℃, preventing the local thermal expansion of the main supporting beam 21 from causing the clamping reference to drift. After the high-frequency vibration energy is converted into heat energy by the microporous pad, it is immediately absorbed by the graphite phase change particles and radiated outward, preventing heat accumulation in the damping area. The surface temperature of the gasket rises by ≤5℃, and the overall impact heat is dispersed synchronously.

[0073] In embodiment 8, the welding cabin 13 includes cabin bodies 131 and a top connecting piece 132 connected between the two groups of cabin bodies 131.

[0074] The welding cabin 13 also includes an internal mounting 133 installed in the inner cavity of the cabin body 131. After the welding process is completed, the photovoltaic assembly frame is inserted into the inner cavity of the cabin body 131, and the two groups of cabin bodies 131 are connected in series through the top connecting piece 132. The inner cavity of the cabin body 131 is a “finished product slot”: the welded photovoltaic frame is directly inserted horizontally without the need for secondary clamping. The inner cavity width and the frame thickness are overfit by ≤0.1mm, automatically completing transverse positioning and preventing cooling shrinkage deformation.

[0075] The two groups of cabin bodies 131 form two rigid channels after being connected by the top connecting piece 132. The overall length can be quickly replaced according to the specifications of the assembly, realizing the “multi-point support, no sag” transportation of the super-long frame. The two ends of the channel are seamlessly connected to the downstream belt or stacker, eliminating the need for traditional mechanical hand movement, shortening the beat by 15%, and the frame surface and anode film are not extra scratched.

[0076] The two groups of cabin bodies 131 can rotate and adjust around the top connecting piece 132 as a fulcrum. The top connecting piece 132 adopts a hinged quick-lock structure, and the two groups of cabin bodies 131 can rotate steplessly within ±10° around the common hinge shaft and be locked instantly. After rotation, the entire frame support channel becomes a “tiltable chute”, which can directly adjust the discharge inclination according to the height difference of the downstream process, realizing flexible downhill transportation of 0°-10°, and eliminating the need for an elevator or a transition belt. The lock handle can be loosened to reset, reducing the changeover and debugging time from 15 minutes to 1 minute. The built-in scale disc on the hinge shaft ensures that the long frame still maintains a straightness of ≤0.2mm / m during the inclined sliding process, with a repeat angle accuracy of ≤0.5°.

[0077] In summary: the main supporting beam 21 provides a supporting surface, a slide rail, and a mounting interface, which can determine the overall length and rigidity of the jig.

[0078] The bottom supporting strip 22 holds the frame C-shaped cavity lower lip from the bottom, preventing sagging during welding, and together with the lateral floating clamp 23, it completes the initial positioning.

[0079] The lateral floating clamp 23 surrounds the left and right, the disc spring compensation profile width error, continuous output lateral damping, suppress thermal deformation.

[0080] The transparent welding groove 24 is 100% transparent under the weld, the laser is not blocked, and it also serves as a slag / protection gas discharge channel; the inside can be equipped with rollers 25, or it can be completely empty, determining the "passing mode" of the jig.

[0081] The rollers 25 form a rolling guide at the edge of the cavity, self-centering and reducing scratches; the number can be increased or decreased to meet different length and special-shaped requirements.

[0082] The pressure arm support 26 provides a rotating fulcrum for the pressure arm 27, with an internal angle encoder to ensure 90° accuracy of the four-corner group frame.

[0083] The pressure arm 27 can link the pressure arm support 26 to complete the three-step action of "tightening-loosening-avoiding", covering the full length or multiple segments, determining the tightening method.

[0084] The C-shaped elastic follow-up finger 28 surrounds the outer wall of the frame, with a large contact area and soft clamping force, reducing the scratch rate.

[0085] The flat-bottomed pressing block 29 cancels the inner recess, directly pressing on the flat top or reinforcing rib, compatible with narrow frames and back-rib thickened frames; combined with the completely empty transparent welding groove 24, there is no obstacle in the special-shaped area, and the scratch rate is reduced by half again.

[0086] The three-point inner groove pressing beam 210 aluminum beam + 3 sets of independent sliding seats, the inner groove and the retained roller 25 are combined up and down, forming a "three-point force system"; the flatness of the super-long frame is ≤0.2mm / m, and it can jump and press tightly when encountering obstacles, the angular deformation is reduced from 0.8mm to 0.2mm, and the weld seam qualification rate is increased to 99%.

[0087] The C-shaped elastic follow-up finger 28 installed on the sliding block that needs to be laser welded still maintains light pressure on the edge of the frame, using the established ±0.02mm reference to continue to constrain the workpiece, preventing side bending caused by cooling shrinkage; Meanwhile, the slider can send the finished frame along the track to the welding cabin 13 cavity smoothly, realize "zero secondary positioning" direct transition to the next station such as corner code reinforcement or automatic unloading belt, avoid artificial touch causing anode film scratch, and keep the finished product flatness within 0.2mm / m. The lateral end surface of the main supporting beam 21 is used to support one side end surface of the photovoltaic assembly frame, the pressure arm 27 rotates and adjusts with the hinge strip as the fulcrum, so that the C-shaped elastic follow-up finger 28 touches the other side end surface of the photovoltaic assembly frame after rotation and adjustment, the C-shaped elastic follow-up finger 28 is provided in a C-shaped concave structure, the inner cavity wall of the C-shaped elastic follow-up finger 28 clamps the outer wall of the photovoltaic assembly frame in the processing state from the outside to the inside, and the U-shaped notch of the photovoltaic assembly frame is fixed and placed towards the transparent welding groove 24 at this time, the rollers 25 arranged laterally in the inner cavity can position and limit the U-shaped notch of the photovoltaic assembly frame, and the assembly mechanism formed by the lateral floating clamp 23 and the bottom supporting strip 22 can limit and clamp the photovoltaic assembly frame, so as to form a stable positioning and clamping structure.

[0088] The contact area is large, the clamping force is soft, the anode film scratch rate is reduced, the laser butt joint gap fluctuation is ±0.1mm, and it is suitable for high-speed thin-walled lines.

[0089] Replace the C-shaped elastic follow-up finger 28 with a flat bottom pressing block 29, and remove all the rollers 25 in the transparent welding groove 24, the flat bottom pressing block 29 adopts a flat bottom pressing block, the lower surface cancels the C-shaped concave, and directly presses on the frame flat top or reinforcing rib, which can be compatible with narrow frames without outward flanges or thickened frames with back ribs; at the same time, the transparent welding groove 24 becomes a full-through cavity, and there is no roller inside to hinder, so that the back rib, convex, wire slot and other special-shaped structures can freely pass through, and the inner cavity of the transparent welding groove 24 is kept in a completely empty state.

[0090] The special-shaped area is not hindered by the roller, and the back rib can freely pass through; the contact area is reduced, and the scratch rate is reduced; the lower 100% is empty, and the welding slag can automatically fall.

[0091] Another comparative example is proposed, the main supporting beam 21 is further lengthened by 600mm to the two ends to form a "lengthened main supporting surface"; the lateral floating clamp 23 is lengthened to a "through type edge floating clamp", and the original disc spring compensation structure is maintained; then the C-shaped elastic follow-up finger 28 is removed as a whole and replaced with a three-point concave groove pressing beam 210 "three-point concave groove pressing beam": a light aluminum beam is arranged along the full length, and 3 groups of independent slides are arranged on the beam at intervals, each slide bottom is provided with an inner groove corresponding to the shape of the roller 25, forming a "upper concave groove pressing-lower concave groove supporting" combined structure.

[0092] Three-point layout makes the stress uniform in the full-length direction, and the flatness is improved after welding. When encountering obstacles, the middle slide can be quickly moved away to realize "jumping and pressing", and the remaining two points still maintain reliable clamping. One set of fixtures covers the full series of super-long profiles, and the angular deformation is reduced from 0.8mm to 0.2mm, and the weld pass rate is improved.

[0093] The support unit 1 carries all functional modules, provides a rigid reference and closed protection, and also serves as a smoke and laser shielding shell.

[0094] The mounting surface of the base 11 interfaces with the foot, absorbs the dynamic load of the equipment and the welding reaction force, and ensures the horizontal accuracy of the whole line.

[0095] The plug-in platform 12 can quickly replace the "plug-in platform" of various clamping units, and one production line can switch different component specifications at the minute level.

[0096] The welding cabin 13 is the concentrated area of edge frame positioning, clamping and welding, and the top / side openings are used for feeding and discharging and laser head access.

[0097] The side reinforcement 14 and the balance bracket 16 provide longitudinal pushing for the edge frame and avoid protruding parts such as out-of-line arms and grounding sheets, realizing "zero interference" feeding.

[0098] The top mounting port 15 can mount laser heads, vision cameras or dust removal covers, and can be modularly replaced according to process requirements.

[0099] The processing box 17 suspends the processing unit 2 in the inner cavity of the welding cabin 13, so that the edge frame weld is directly opposite the transparent welding groove 24 to allow the empty area, ensuring 100% laser penetration.

[0100] The photovoltaic assembly edge frame after welding is inserted into the inner cavity of the cabin body 131, and the two groups of cabin bodies 131 are connected in series through the top connecting piece 132. The inner cavity of the cabin body 131 is a "finished product sliding groove": the photovoltaic edge frame after welding is directly inserted horizontally without the need for secondary clamping. The inner cavity width and the edge frame thickness are over-matched by ≤0.1mm, automatic horizontal positioning is completed, and cooling shrinkage deformation is prevented.

[0101] After the two groups of cabin bodies 131 are connected by the top connecting piece 132, two rigid channels are formed, the overall length can be quickly replaced according to the component specifications, realizing the "multi-point support, no sag" conveying of super-long edge frames; the two ends of the channel are seamlessly connected with the downstream belt or stacker, eliminating the traditional mechanical hand movement, shortening the beat by 15%, and the edge frame surface and anode film are not extra scratched.

[0102] The two groups of cabin bodies 131 can be rotated and adjusted with the top connector 132 as a fulcrum, the top connector 132 adopts a hinged quick-lock structure, the two groups of cabin bodies 131 can be steplessly rotated within a range of ±10° around the common hinge shaft and are instantaneously locked; after rotation, the whole edge frame supporting channel instantaneously becomes a 'tiltable chute', the discharge inclination angle can be directly adjusted according to the height difference of the downstream process, the flexible downhill conveying of 0°-10° is realized, and the elevator or the transition belt is omitted; the inclination angle can be reset by loosening the lock handle, the changeover and debugging time is shortened from 15 min to 1 min, and the built-in scale disc in the hinge shaft has a repeated angle accuracy of ≤0.5°, so that the long edge frame still maintains a straightness of ≤0.2mm / m during the inclined sliding process.

[0103] The pulse micro-positive pressure nozzle 4 downwardly and intermittently sprays in pulses, is started only at the moment of laser defocusing, the mist droplet vaporization volume instantaneously expands by 50 times, a local micro-positive pressure is formed, and outside air backflow is prevented.

[0104] The combined structure between the spiral cable sheath 3 and the cable heat dissipation spiral groove 5 just accommodates a row of silica gel wires, the wires naturally sag after winding along the spiral for half a turn, there is no hard folding point, the sheath does not crack after reciprocating for 100,000 times, the spiral pitch is =20mm, an open heat dissipation gap is formed, the wire harness current-carrying temperature rise is reduced from 25℃ to 12℃, and the insulation life is prolonged by 3 times.

[0105] The notched buckle type cover can be opened by one hand; during maintenance, the whole circle of cables is exposed at one time, the wire replacement time is ≤1min, and the appearance diameter does not protrude from the equipment contour, so that the laser channel remains unobstructed.

[0106] The arranged low-frequency shock absorption pad 6 and the high-frequency sound absorption and heat conduction ring 7 are attached to the side end wall of the main supporting beam 21 inwardly, the low-frequency shock absorption pad 6 absorbs the pressure arm closing impact in the 0-300Hz low-frequency band, the peak acceleration attenuation is 65%, and the laser head shaking caused by the welding bead jumping point is avoided.

[0107] The high-frequency sound absorption and heat conduction ring 7 converts the ultrasonic conduction into heat energy in the high-frequency band, while the low-frequency impact is absorbed by the disc spring, the annular fin quickly transversely leads out the welding heat, the hotspot temperature is reduced by 15℃, and the local thermal expansion of the main supporting beam 21 caused by the clamping reference drift is prevented. After the high-frequency vibration energy is converted into heat energy by the microporous pad, it is immediately absorbed by the graphite phase change particles and radiated outward, so that the heat accumulation in the shock absorption area is avoided, the pad surface temperature rise is ≤5℃, and the impact heat is synchronously dispersed.

[0108] The above is the whole working principle of the application.

[0109] In the application, the mounting mode, connection mode or setting mode of all the components described above are common mechanical modes, and the specific structure, model and coefficient index of all the components are self-owned technologies, as long as the beneficial effects can be achieved, implementation can be carried out, and therefore no more description is given.

[0110] The above embodiments are the preferred embodiments of the present application, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the above embodiments, and any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications, etc. made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present application should be equivalent replacement methods and should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0111] In the present application, unless otherwise specified, the orientation words such as "up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, and vertical and horizontal" included in the terms only represent the orientation of the terms in the conventional use state or the common name understood by the person skilled in the art, and should not be regarded as a limitation of the terms. At the same time, the ordinal numbers such as "first", "second", and "third" do not represent the specific number and order, but are only used for the differentiation of the names. In addition, the term "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof is intended to cover the non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or equipment.

Claims

1. A laser welding device for processing photovoltaic assembly frames, comprising a support unit (1) and a processing unit (2), characterized in that, The support unit (1) has a machining unit (2) installed in its inner cavity. The support unit (1) includes a base (11) and a plug-in platform (12) installed on the upper surface of the base (11). A welding chamber (13) is installed at the top of the plug-in platform (12). A side reinforcement (14) is provided on one side of the welding chamber (13). A top mounting port (15) is installed on the top of the welding chamber (13). A balance frame (16) is provided on the other side of the welding chamber (13). A machining box (17) is installed on the side end face of the plug-in platform (12). The machining unit (2) is installed in the inner cavity of the machining box (17).

2. The laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frames according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing unit (2) includes a main support beam (21) and a bottom support strip (22) installed at the bottom of the side end face of the main support beam (21). The two sides of the main support beam (21) are wrapped with lateral floating clips (23). A through weld groove (24) is opened in the middle of the main support beam (21). Five sets of rollers (25) are installed in the inner cavity of the through weld groove (24).

3. The laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frames according to claim 2, characterized in that, The processing unit (2) also includes a pressure arm support (26) installed on the upper end face of the main support beam (21). The pressure arm support (26) is movably connected to the pressure arm (27) through a hinge. The inner end face of the pressure arm (27) is equipped with a C-shaped elastic follower finger (28).

4. The laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frames according to claim 3, characterized in that, The processing unit (2) also includes a flat-bottomed pressure block (29) that can replace the C-shaped elastic follower finger (28), and the roller (25) opened in the cavity of the open weld groove (24) is removed.

5. The laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frames according to claim 4, characterized in that, The processing unit (2) also includes a three-point grooved pressure beam (210) that can replace the C-shaped elastic follower finger (28), the length of the main support beam (21), the lateral floating clamp (23) and the through weld groove (24) are expanded, and the rollers (25) are reduced to three sets.

6. The laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frames according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the main support beam (21) is horizontally arranged with a spiral cable sheath (3), a pulse micro positive pressure jet nozzle (4), and a cable heat dissipation spiral groove (5).

7. The laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frames according to claim 6, characterized in that, Multiple sets of low-frequency damping pads (6) are vertically installed at the interval between the side end face of the main support beam (21) and the processing box (17), and high-frequency sound-absorbing and heat-conducting rings (7) are installed on the side end face of the low-frequency damping pads (6).

8. The laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frames according to claim 1, characterized in that, The welding chamber (13) includes a chamber body (131) and a top connector (132) connecting the two chamber bodies (131).

9. The laser welding equipment for processing photovoltaic assembly frames according to claim 8, characterized in that, The welding chamber (13) also includes an internal mounting component (133) installed in the cavity of the chamber body (131).

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