Staggered tooth type gear set machining and assembling technology

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gear set assembling, in particular to a staggered tooth type gear set machining and assembling technology which comprises the following steps that a gear, a gear shaft and a pre-tightening part are cleaned, and qualified parts are screened; the two gears are arranged on the same gear shaft in a sleeving mode, a pre-tightening component is installed, and the adjusting allowance is reserved; the gears are shifted in the opposite direction of the pre-tightening force between the two gears, pressure distribution of the end faces of the shifted gears is detected, and the parallelism between the two gears is evaluated based on the pressure distribution uniformity; the two gears are driven by the pre-tightening component to move relatively, the pressure distribution uniformity change of the end faces of the shifted gears is detected continuously, and the pre-tightening force between the gears is adjusted by combining the pre-tightening component with the pressure distribution uniformity change; performing secondary detection; and the relative positions of the gear, the pre-tightening component and the shaft assembly are fixed, and assembling is completed. According to the invention, the parallelism of the two gears in the staggered tooth type gear set can be conveniently and efficiently detected in the assembling process, and the parallelism of the staggered tooth type gears can be ensured to reach the standard after the assembling is completed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of gear assembly and processing, in particular to a processing and assembling technology of staggered tooth gear set. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of precision mechanical transmission, staggered tooth gear set (also known as: anti-backlash gear set) is widely used in numerical control machine tools, industrial robots, automatic production lines and other equipment with high requirements for motion control precision, because it can effectively eliminate the backlash and improve the transmission precision. Among them, the double gear staggered tooth anti-backlash structure has become one of the mainstream application forms due to its compact structure, moderate cost and direct anti-backlash effect. This structure usually splits one gear into two gears that can be relatively staggered, and drives the two gears to stagger through elastic elements such as tension springs or springs, gaskets or adjusting screws and other components, so that the tooth surfaces of the two gears are tightly fitted with the left and right tooth surfaces of the meshing gear, thereby realizing the elimination of backlash.

[0003] However, the assembly precision of the double gear staggered tooth anti-backlash structure directly determines its anti-backlash effect and service life, and the parallelism between the two gears is the core assembly precision index, and its control quality is crucial to the stability of the transmission system. In the assembly process of the double gear staggered tooth anti-backlash gear set, the existing technology generally lacks convenient and efficient parallelism detection means.

[0004] Specifically, the two gears may not be parallel during assembly, mainly due to the following factors: first, the precision deviation of the parts, if the parallelism of the gear end face, the straightness of the gear shaft, and the perpendicularity of the shaft shoulder and the axis do not meet the design requirements, it will directly cause the two gears to be unable to maintain a parallel posture after being assembled; second, the assembly operation is not standardized, and the parts are positioned by hard knocking and hard pounding during installation, which may cause deformation of the gear shaft or the gear body, or the bearing is installed obliquely, indirectly damaging the parallel relationship of the two gears; third, the pre-tightening component exerts uneven force, the elastic element is arranged asymmetrically, and the adjusting screw is tightened inconsistently in steps, which may cause the two gears to be subjected to non-uniform lateral force and cause slight inclination.

[0005] The non-parallelism of the two gears will cause a series of serious impacts. First, insufficient parallelism will cause the two gears and the meshing gear to form local point contact instead of uniform full-tooth-width contact, which not only makes the anti-backlash function ineffective, but also causes contact stress concentration, accelerates tooth surface wear, pitting and even galling, and significantly shortens the service life of the gear; second, non-uniform contact will increase the resistance of the gear in operation, causing vibration and noise, especially in high-speed transmission scenarios, vibration will further exacerbate problems such as loosening of adjusting screws and spring fatigue, forming a vicious cycle and affecting the stability of the entire transmission system; third, parallelism deviation will damage the coaxial rotation precision of the two gears, causing end face runout or radial runout, resulting in increased transmission error and failing to meet the requirements of precision equipment for motion control precision.

[0006] In summary, in the existing assembly process of the staggered tooth gear set, there is a lack of convenient and efficient detection scheme for the parallelism of the two gears, which leads to the difficulty in timely discovering and correcting the parallelism deviation, and further causes a series of problems such as backlash failure, tooth surface wear, and transmission accuracy decline, and thus a technical scheme solving the technical pain point is urgently needed. SUMMARY

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a staggered tooth gear set machining and assembly process for conveniently and efficiently detecting the parallelism of two gears in the staggered tooth gear set during the assembly process, and ensuring that the parallelism of the staggered tooth gear meets the standard after assembly.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows: a staggered tooth gear set machining and assembly process, the staggered tooth gear set is double-toothed, comprising the following steps: Preparation before assembly: clean the gears, gear shafts and pre-tightening components, detect the straightness of the gear shafts and the perpendicularity of the shaft shoulders, and screen qualified parts; Gear pre-installation: two gears are sleeved on the same gear shaft, so that the two gears can rotate relative to each other, the pre-tightening component is installed and an adjustment allowance is reserved; Parallelism detection: move the gears in the opposite direction of the pre-tightening force between the two gears, and detect the pressure distribution of the end face of the moved gear, and evaluate the parallelism between the two gears based on the uniformity of the pressure distribution; Backlash adjustment: drive the two gears to move relative to each other through the pre-tightening component, continuously detect the change of the pressure distribution uniformity of the end face of the moved gear, and adjust the pre-tightening force between the gears through the pre-tightening component combined with the change of the pressure distribution uniformity; Second detection: parallelism, staggered angle and pre-tightening force detection; Fixed locking: the relative positions of the gears, pre-tightening components and shaft assemblies are fixed by using positioning pins, locking nuts or lock washers, and the assembly is completed.

[0009] Further, the parallelism detection includes: moving one gear in the opposite direction of the pre-tightening force between the two gears, fixing the other gear, detecting the pressure distribution of the end face of the moved gear away from the fixed gear, and detecting the pressure distribution of the end face of the fixed gear away from the moved gear.

[0010] Further, the parallelism detection includes: moving the two gears in opposite directions, and detecting the pressure distribution of the distal end faces between the gears.

[0011] Further, before moving the gears in the opposite direction of the pre-tightening force between the two gears, directly detect the pressure signal of the end face of the gear to be moved, and judge whether the gear is in effective contact with the measuring point based on the pressure signal.

[0012] Furthermore, the uniformity of the pressure distribution is directly proportional to the parallelism.

[0013] Furthermore, before adjusting the preload between the gears, move the gears to the maximum angle in the opposite direction of the preload between the two gears. During the adjustment of the preload between the gears, while adjusting the preload, detect the pressure uniformity of the gear end face. When the pressure uniformity of the gear end face is higher than the threshold, reduce the preset turning angle and repeat the adjustment of the preload multiple times until the gear returns to the unmoved state.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressure distribution is detected by a pressure sensor array, which is attached to the end face of the gear and can collect pressure values ​​from at least three uniformly distributed measuring points. The uniformity of the pressure distribution is evaluated by the standard deviation of the pressure values ​​at each measuring point.

[0015] Furthermore, in the parallelism detection, the force of turning the gear in the opposite direction of the preload is 50%-80% of the preload, the turning angle is ≤ the maximum turning angle, and the pressure distribution data is collected after maintaining the turning state for 3-5 seconds during the parallelism detection process.

[0016] Furthermore, parallelism detection is performed using a parallelism detection assembly, which includes an actuating wheel. A connecting sleeve is fixedly connected inside the actuating wheel and can mesh with the actuated gear. A detection boss is provided inside the actuating wheel. The end face of the detection boss near the connecting sleeve is in contact with the end face of the connecting sleeve near the detection boss. Several pressure sensors are arranged in an array on the end face of the detection boss near the connecting sleeve. The pressure sensor signals are connected to a processing unit. The processing unit is used to analyze the pressure distribution uniformity based on the pressure signals collected by each pressure sensor and to evaluate the parallelism between the two gears based on the pressure distribution uniformity.

[0017] Furthermore, the side wall of the actuating wheel is provided with several telescopic fixing blocks. The telescopic fixing blocks extend along the radial line of the actuating wheel toward the axis of the actuating wheel. The telescopic fixing blocks are used to fix connecting tooth sleeves of different sizes.

[0018] The technical principles of the above solution are as follows: This solution focuses on the correlation between pressure distribution and parallelism to construct a closed-loop assembly logic. Utilizing the characteristic that the parallelism of two gears determines the uniformity of force on their end faces, a pressure sensor array collects pressure data from the gear end faces. When the gears are parallel, the pressure distribution is uniform and the standard deviation is small; when the gears are tilted, the pressure on the tilted side is concentrated and the standard deviation is large. This data is used to evaluate parallelism in reverse. The gears are dynamically moved in the opposite direction of the preload to amplify the impact of parallelism deviation on pressure distribution and improve the sensitivity to identify minute deviations. In the backlash elimination adjustment stage, a linkage method of preload adjustment, pressure uniformity monitoring, and decreasing turning angle is adopted. While adjusting the preload to eliminate tooth backlash, the parallelism status is fed back in real time through pressure data, avoiding over-adjustment that could lead to secondary deviations. Ultimately, this achieves synergy between precise parallelism control and backlash elimination.

[0019] Compared to existing technologies, the above solution has the following advantages: 1. This solution uses a pressure sensor array to collect pressure on the end face of the gear after it is turned. The preload force of the staggered gear set amplifies the pressure value, which serves as an indicator of parallelism. The parallelism between gears is assessed based on the uniformity of pressure on the gear end face, achieving dynamic quantitative detection of parallelism. Parallelism can be quickly evaluated using pressure distribution data without disassembling the gear set. This effectively avoids the problems of low efficiency, cumbersome operation, and difficulty in detecting abnormal parallelism using traditional instruments. Through efficient and convenient parallelism detection, it ensures that the parallelism of the assembled gear set meets the standards. This avoids localized wear and pitting on the tooth surface caused by insufficient parallelism, extends the service life of the gear set, and reduces vibration and noise in high-speed transmission scenarios.

[0020] 2. In this solution, the existing process is prone to the contradiction of achieving the backlash elimination standard but exceeding the parallelism tolerance. This solution uses the linkage logic of the backlash elimination adjustment stage to adjust the preload to eliminate the tooth backlash while simultaneously ensuring parallelism through pressure uniformity monitoring. This ensures that the parallelism between gears is maintained after adjusting the preload, and the preload at each preload point is relatively balanced, avoiding abnormal parallelism between gears caused by preload differences.

[0021] 3. In this solution, the testing component adopts a detachable connecting sleeve and a telescopic fixing block, which can be adapted to staggered gear sets with different modules and numbers of teeth, eliminating the need to design separate testing tools for different specifications of gear sets. At the same time, parameters such as pressure threshold, shifting angle range, and preload adjustment can be clearly defined in the process. Parallelism testing and backlash adjustment steps are carried out automatically with the help of mechanical equipment, which improves the assembly efficiency and automation level of staggered gear sets, avoids the problem of relying on operator experience in traditional processes, and improves production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2This is an isometric view of the parallelism detection component according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a rear view of the parallelism detection component according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 AA section view; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the two parallelism detection components separated from the gear set in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the two parallelism detection components of this invention combined with the gear set.

[0023] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: 10, parallelism detection component; 11, actuating wheel; 12, telescopic fixing block; 13, connecting toothed sleeve; 14, detection boss; 15, pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: Implementation, for example Figure 1 As shown, a machining and assembly process for a staggered-tooth gear set is presented in this embodiment. This assembly process primarily targets double-tooth staggered-tooth gear sets and consists of steps including pre-assembly preparation, gear pre-installation, parallelism detection, backlash adjustment, secondary inspection, and fixing and locking. This embodiment focuses on a detailed description of the parallelism detection, backlash adjustment, and secondary inspection steps; the remaining steps are similar to existing assembly processes. Technicians can also extend the process beyond the parallelism detection, backlash adjustment, and secondary inspection steps to complete the assembly of the staggered-tooth gear set according to actual needs. The staggered-tooth gear set assembled based on the parallelism detection, backlash adjustment, and secondary inspection processes exhibits high parallelism between the gears, and for multi-point preloaded staggered-tooth gear sets, the preload force at each preload point is more balanced.

[0026] Preparations before assembly: Clean the gears, gear shafts, and preload components (usually tension springs or springs) to eliminate interference from impurities. Remove oil, metal filings, and burrs from key areas such as gear tooth surfaces and shaft mating surfaces. Ensure that there are no visible impurities on the surface of the parts and that there is no oil residue after wiping with white gauze. This prevents impurities from embedding into the meshing surface or mating clearance after assembly, thus preventing scratches on the tooth surface and increased running resistance. It also avoids gear positioning deviations caused by impurities, indirectly ensuring the accuracy of subsequent parallelism testing and adjustment.

[0027] Dial indicators and right-angle rulers are used to check the straightness of the gear shaft and the perpendicularity of the shaft shoulders. These two aspects of precision directly determine the initial parallelism of the two gear sets. If the parts themselves have precision deviations, even with standardized assembly procedures, it is difficult to eliminate potential parallelism issues through adjustments. By selecting qualified parts, assembly failures and backlash elimination failures caused by defective parts are avoided from the outset.

[0028] By selecting qualified parts and eliminating unqualified parts, we can avoid repeated disassembly and rework during assembly due to substandard part precision, thereby improving assembly efficiency. At the same time, we can reduce the chain reaction problems caused by part defects, such as tooth surface wear, bearing misalignment, and uneven preload, thus ensuring the service life and reliability of the entire transmission system.

[0029] Gear pre-installation: Two gears are fitted onto the same gear shaft, allowing them to rotate relative to each other. This lays the structural foundation for subsequent drive of misaligned teeth and elimination of backlash via the preload component, ensuring the gear set possesses the basic function of eliminating misaligned teeth and backlash. The preload component is then installed, allowing for adjustment margin. When installing the preload component, the rated preload force is not applied directly; instead, adjustment margin is allowed to prevent the preload force from prematurely locking the gear position. This provides sufficient operational freedom for subsequent parallelism testing and backlash elimination adjustments, preventing the gears from becoming inflexible due to excessive preload force.

[0030] Parallelism detection: In this embodiment, parallelism detection is performed conveniently and efficiently using the parallelism detection component 10; combined with Figures 2-4As shown, the parallelism detection component 10 includes a turntable 11, which can be connected to a drive component to achieve rotation of the turntable 11. In this embodiment, the drive component is a stepper motor, but in some embodiments, a servo motor can also be used as the drive component. A connecting toothed sleeve 13 is provided inside the turntable 11, which is used to mesh with the gear in the assembly, thereby driving the meshed gear to rotate. To accommodate different specifications of connecting sleeves 13 and meet the assembly requirements of gear sets of different specifications, the connecting sleeves 13 in this embodiment are detachably fixed inside the actuating wheel 11. Three sets of telescopic fixing blocks 12 are provided on the side wall of the actuating wheel 11. The telescopic fixing blocks 12 extend along the radial line of the actuating wheel 11 toward the axis of the actuating wheel 11. The structure of the telescopic fixing blocks 12 can refer to the design of the chuck structure. They are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the actuating wheel 11 (with an included angle of 120°), and are electrically driven with a telescopic stroke of 0-10mm. The telescopic direction of the telescopic fixing blocks 12 is the radial direction of the actuating wheel 11. The telescopic adjustment of the telescopic fixing blocks 12 can be used to clamp and fix connecting sleeves 13 of different diameters.

[0031] A detection boss 14 is provided inside the actuating wheel 11. The end face of the detection boss 14 near the connecting gear sleeve 13 is in contact with the end face of the connecting gear sleeve 13 near the detection boss 14. A plurality of fan-shaped pressure sensors 15 are arranged in an array on the end face of the detection boss 14 near the connecting gear sleeve 13. During parallelism detection, the array of pressure sensors 15 is in contact with the end face of the gear. The array of pressure sensors 15 is used to detect the pressure distribution. The number of pressure sensors 15 is not less than three, and they are evenly distributed, capable of collecting pressure values ​​from at least three evenly distributed measuring points. Preferably, a full circle of pressure sensors 15 is arranged around the array of detection boss 14 to collect pressure values ​​from several evenly distributed measuring points. The cable of pressure sensor 15 exits from the rear end of the actuation wheel 11. Pressure sensor 15 is connected to a processing unit, which can be a processor, microprocessor, controller, or other control component. For example, it can be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processing unit (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. The processing unit receives the pressure values ​​collected by each pressure sensor 15, analyzes the pressure distribution on the gear end face based on the pressure values, and evaluates the parallelism between the two gears based on the uniformity of the pressure distribution.

[0032] Specifically, parallelism detection is achieved by shifting one gear in the opposite direction of the preload between the two gears: In some embodiments, a single-gear actuation detection is employed: one gear is actuated in the opposite direction of the preload between the two gears, while the other gear is fixed to a horizontal platform, ensuring that the end face of the fixed gear is in stable parallel contact with the horizontal platform. The connecting sleeve 13 is kept in engagement with the gear to be actuated, and it is ensured that the end face of the gear to be actuated, located inside the actuating wheel 11, is in effective contact with the detection end (measuring point) of the arrayed pressure sensors 15.

[0033] Effective contact is determined based on each pressure sensor 15 and the processing unit: before shifting the gear in the opposite direction of the preload between the two gears, the processing unit receives the pressure signal collected by each pressure sensor 15 on the end face of the gear to be shifted. When each pressure sensor 15 collects a pressure signal, it is determined that the end face of the gear to be shifted is in effective contact with the detection end of the arrayed pressure sensor 15.

[0034] After determining that the gear end face of the gear to be turned is located inside the turning wheel 11 and effectively contacts the detection end of the pressure sensor 15 arranged in the array, the turning wheel 11 is driven to rotate by the stepper motor, thereby turning the gear synchronously through the connecting tooth sleeve 13. It is necessary to ensure that the turning angle is less than or equal to the maximum turning angle. Preferably, the force of the turning gear is 50%-80% of the preload force to avoid damaging the preload components.

[0035] like Figure 5 As shown, when one of the gears is moved in the opposite direction of the preload force between the two gears, the moved gear is the movable end, and the fixed gear is the fixed end. If the preload force is counterclockwise, the moving direction is clockwise. After moving, the tension or elastic force (preload force) generated by the increased deformation of the preload component increases. If the parallelism between the fixed gear and the moved gear is high, the radial and circumferential components acting on the moved gear (the movable end) will increase due to the increased tension or elastic force, while the axial component will be negligible or minimal. If the parallelism between the fixed gear and the driven gear is poor, the radial and circumferential components of the force acting on the driven gear (which is the moving end) will increase due to the increased tension or elasticity, and the axial component will also increase. The axial component will increase the tendency of the originally relatively inclined gears to tilt. The pressure value from the end face of the driven gear away from the fixed gear is detected by the pressure sensor 15 to obtain the pressure distribution of the end face of the driven gear away from the fixed gear. Then, the pressure distribution uniformity is evaluated by the standard deviation of the pressure values ​​collected by each pressure sensor 15. The pressure sensor 15 in some areas is subjected to increased squeezing force from the driven gear, which leads to a decrease in the pressure distribution uniformity collected by each pressure sensor 15. The lower the pressure distribution uniformity, the lower the parallelism between the gears. Thus, the parallelism between the two gears is evaluated.

[0036] In some embodiments, the pressure distribution on the end face of the fixed gear away from the undulating gear is also detected. The detected pressure data is also transmitted to the processing unit. The processing unit performs pressure distribution analysis on the end face of the undulating gear away from the fixed gear, provided that the pressure distribution on that end face is uniform, thus avoiding errors in parallelism judgment caused by the offset of the fixed gear due to undulating. In addition, to improve the reliability of the parallelism evaluation structure, pressure values ​​are collected after the undulating gear is held in the undulating state for 3-5 seconds, thereby obtaining pressure distribution data.

[0037] The specific implementation process is as follows: Move the parallelism detection component 10 to one side of the gear set and adjust the component axis to coincide with the gear shaft axis (coaxiality deviation ≤ 0.01mm); control the telescopic fixing block 12 to clamp the connecting gear sleeve 13 so that the connecting gear sleeve 13 meshes with a gear (gear A) close to the component.

[0038] Before actuating the gear, the processing unit collects the real-time pressure values ​​of each pressure sensor 15. When the pressure values ​​of all sensors are ≥0.8N (i.e., the pressure threshold), it is determined that the end face of gear A is in effective contact with the detection end of each pressure sensor 15. If there are sensor pressure values ​​<0.8N (e.g., only 6 sensors meet the standard), the axial position of the actuating wheel 11 is finely adjusted until all sensors meet the effective contact condition.

[0039] The stepper motor drives the actuation wheel 11 to rotate, which in turn drives gear A to rotate in the opposite direction of the preload (if the tension spring preload causes the gear to rotate counterclockwise, then the actuation direction is clockwise); the actuation force is controlled to be 50%-80% of the rated preload, and the actuation angle is ≤ the maximum actuation angle; the actuation state is maintained for 3-5 seconds, and the processing unit performs low-pass filtering on the collected pressure signal to remove vibration interference and records the pressure values ​​of each sensor.

[0040] The processing unit calculates the overall standard deviation of the pressure values ​​from each sensor. If the standard deviation is ≤3% × the pressure value corresponding to the rated preload, and the difference between the maximum and minimum pressure values ​​is ≤5% × the pressure value corresponding to the rated preload, then the parallelism between gear A and the other fixed gear (gear B) is deemed acceptable. If the standard deviation exceeds the threshold, it indicates a parallelism deviation. The direction of deviation and the tilt direction of the end face of gear A can be marked based on areas where the sensor pressure values ​​are significantly higher, providing a basis for subsequent adjustments.

[0041] In other embodiments, a dual-gear reverse-shifting detection method is used: two gears are shifted in opposite directions (one in the opposite direction of the preload, and the other in the direction of the preload), causing the two gears to rotate in opposite directions. For example... Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, two parallelism detection components 10 are used. The connecting gear sleeve 13 is engaged with the corresponding gear to be turned. The turning wheel 11 is moved axially to bring the two turning wheels 11 closer to each other, ensuring that the gear end faces of the two gears located inside the turning wheel 11 are in effective contact with the detection ends of the arrayed pressure sensors 15. The effective contact judgment, the turning angle, and the turning force are the same as in the above embodiment. Similar to the principle of the above embodiment, the pressure values ​​of the two gears acting on the arrayed pressure sensors 15 are detected respectively to obtain the pressure distribution of the two gear end faces. If the parallelism between the two gears is not good, the pressure sensor 15 in some areas will be subjected to increased squeezing force by the turned gear, resulting in a decrease in the uniformity of the pressure distribution collected by each pressure sensor 15. This is used to evaluate the parallelism between the two gears.

[0042] The specific implementation process is as follows: A set of parallelism detection components 10 (component 1 and component 2) is arranged on both sides of the gear set. Component 1 corresponds to gear A and component 2 corresponds to gear B, ensuring that the axis of both components coincides with the axis of the gear shaft. The connecting sleeve 13 of the two sets of components is controlled to mesh with gear A and gear B respectively, and the effective contact between gear A, gear B and the corresponding pressure sensor 15 is detected.

[0043] Stepper motor drive assembly 1 drives gear A to rotate in the opposite direction of the preload, while drive assembly 2 drives gear B to rotate in the direction of the preload, meaning the two gears rotate in opposite directions. The processing units of both assemblies synchronously collect pressure data, calculate the standard deviation of the pressure distribution for gears A and B respectively, and determine the parallelism of the two gears.

[0044] Gap elimination adjustment: The preloaded component drives two gears to move relative to each other, thereby adjusting the tooth offset angle and ensuring accurate backlash elimination.

[0045] The pressure distribution uniformity on the end face of the rotated gear is continuously monitored, and the preload force between the gears is adjusted by the preload component in conjunction with the change in pressure distribution uniformity. Specifically, before adjusting the preload force between the gears, the gears are rotated to their maximum angle in the opposite direction of the preload force between the two gears using the angle adjustment component. During the adjustment of the preload force, the pressure uniformity on the end face of the gear is monitored simultaneously. When the pressure uniformity on the end face of the gear is higher than a threshold, the preset rotation angle is reduced (the preset rotation angle is reduced in several steps, with each reduction being a single step). The preload force is adjusted repeatedly until the gear returns to its unrotated state. This completes the preload force adjustment and also makes the final multi-point preload force more balanced, avoiding excessive preload force differences that could affect the parallelism between the gears. When parallelism is detected using two parallelism adjustment components, the preload force can be adjusted through the reserved operating hole on the rotating wheel 11.

[0046] Secondary testing: Parallelism, tooth misalignment angle, and preload are checked again. Specifically, parallelism is checked again using the parallelism detection component 10 and the parallelism detection principle described above. The tooth misalignment angle is directly detected by a laser goniometer to measure the relative tooth misalignment angle between the two gears. The preload is directly detected by a tension sensor.

[0047] Secure and lock: The relative positions of gears, preloaded components, and shaft assemblies are fixed by using locating pins, lock nuts, or anti-loosening washers to complete the assembly.

[0048] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A machining and assembly process for a staggered gear set, characterized in that, The staggered gear set is a double-tooth type, and includes the following steps: Preparation before assembly: Clean the gears, gear shafts and pre-tightened components, check the straightness of the gear shaft and the perpendicularity of the shaft shoulder, and select qualified parts; Gear pre-installation: Fit two gears onto the same gear shaft so that the two gears can rotate relative to each other, install the pre-tightening components and leave adjustment margin; Parallelism detection: Move the gears in the opposite direction of the preload between the two gears and detect the pressure distribution on the end face of the moved gear. The parallelism between the two gears is evaluated based on the uniformity of the pressure distribution. Clearance adjustment: The two gears are driven to move relative to each other by the pre-tightening component, and the change in the uniformity of pressure distribution on the end face of the moved gear is continuously detected. The pre-tightening force between the gears is adjusted by the pre-tightening component in combination with the change in the uniformity of pressure distribution. Secondary inspection: Parallelism, misalignment angle, and preload are checked; Fixing and locking: The relative positions of gears, pre-tightened components and shaft assemblies are fixed by locating pins, lock nuts or anti-loosening washers to complete the assembly.

2. The machining and assembly process for the staggered gear set according to claim 1, characterized in that, Parallelism testing includes: moving one gear in the opposite direction of the preload between the two gears, fixing the other gear, detecting the pressure distribution on the end face of the moved gear away from the fixed gear, and detecting the pressure distribution on the end face of the fixed gear away from the moved gear.

3. The machining and assembly process for the staggered gear set according to claim 1, characterized in that, Parallelism testing includes: moving two gears in opposite directions and detecting the pressure distribution on the distal end faces between the gears.

4. The machining and assembly process of the staggered gear set according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before shifting the gear in the opposite direction of the preload between the two gears, the pressure signal on the end face of the gear to be shifted is directly detected, and the effective contact between the gear and the measuring point is determined based on the pressure signal.

5. The machining and assembly process of the staggered gear set according to claim 1, characterized in that, The uniformity of pressure distribution is directly proportional to the parallelism.

6. The machining and assembly process of the staggered gear set according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before adjusting the preload between the gears, move the gears to their maximum angle in the opposite direction of the preload between the two gears. During the adjustment of the preload, check the pressure uniformity of the gear end face while adjusting the preload. When the pressure uniformity of the gear end face is higher than the threshold, reduce the preset turning angle and repeat the adjustment of the preload multiple times until the gears return to the unmoved state.

7. The machining and assembly process for staggered gear sets according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The pressure distribution is detected by a pressure sensor array, which is attached to the end face of the gear and can collect pressure values ​​from at least three uniformly distributed measuring points. The uniformity of the pressure distribution is evaluated by the standard deviation of the pressure values ​​at each measuring point.

8. The machining and assembly process of the staggered gear set according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the parallelism test, the force of turning the gear in the opposite direction of the preload is 50%-80% of the preload, the turning angle is ≤ the maximum turning angle, and the pressure distribution data is collected after maintaining the turning state for 3-5 seconds during the parallelism test.

9. The machining and assembly process for staggered gear sets according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Parallelism detection is performed using a parallelism detection assembly, which includes an actuating wheel. A connecting sleeve is fixedly connected inside the actuating wheel and can mesh with the actuated gear. A detection boss is provided inside the actuating wheel. The end face of the detection boss near the connecting sleeve is in contact with the end face of the connecting sleeve near the detection boss. Several pressure sensors are arranged in an array on the end face of the detection boss near the connecting sleeve. The pressure sensor signals are connected to a processing unit. The processing unit is used to analyze the pressure distribution uniformity based on the pressure signals collected by each pressure sensor and to evaluate the parallelism between the two gears based on the pressure distribution uniformity.

10. The machining and assembly process for the staggered gear set according to claim 9, characterized in that, The side wall of the actuating wheel is provided with several telescopic fixing blocks. The telescopic fixing blocks extend along the radial line of the actuating wheel toward the axis of the actuating wheel. The telescopic fixing blocks are used to fix connecting tooth sleeves of different sizes.

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