Positioning and polishing device for automobile bolt machining

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of grinding processing, in particular to a positioning and polishing device for automobile bolt processing. The device comprises a polisher, a clamping device and a moving device are arranged on the polisher, a ball head bolt is assembled on the clamping device, a polishing head is fixedly connected to the end of the moving device through a push rod, the polishing head comprises a push plate, the push plate is fixedly connected to the end of the push rod, one end of the push plate in the direction of the ball head bolt is connected with a pressing piece, the other end of the push plate is provided with a supporting assembly; a groove is arranged on one side of the push plate in the direction of the ball head bolt, the supporting assembly and the groove are connected through an elastic plate, and the elastic plate is made of hard elastic material. Through the cooperative action of the elastic plate and the pressing piece, when the device pushes to the ball head bolt, the surface of the ball head contacts the elastic plate, the surface of the rod body contacts the pressing piece, the elastic plate is automatically bent under pressure, the elastic plate forms an envelope curved surface which is attached to the outer wall of the ball head, and the adaptive grinding of ball head bolts with different specifications is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grinding technology, and more specifically, to a positioning grinding device for machining automotive bolts. Background Technology

[0002] In the automotive manufacturing industry, ball head bolts are widely used in key assemblies such as steering systems and suspension systems due to the connection flexibility and motion stability provided by their spherical structure. Taking a ball head bolt proposed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN202789976U as an example, its typical structure consists of a coaxially arranged screw and a spherical head. In the processing of this type of ball head bolt, the grinding of its spherical surface usually needs to be completed with the help of a special positioning grinding device.

[0003] The existing grinding device for this type of ball head bolt works by fixing the bolt with a positioning mechanism to ensure that its central axis coincides with the rotation axis of the grinding head. Then, the inner contour of the grinding head is brought into contact with the spherical surface of the bolt. During the rotation of the bolt around the axis, the spherical surface is ground until the preset surface quality requirements are met.

[0004] Because different types of ball head bolts have different screw diameters and different spherical head diameters, in actual processing, changes in screw diameter can cause the radial positioning point of the clamping mechanism to shift, and different spherical head diameters can cause deviations in axial positioning depth. If the positioning is not recalibrated, it will be impossible to ensure that ball head bolts of different specifications are ideally matched with the grinding head; this will result in uneven distribution of contact pressure between the spherical surface and the grinding head when the bolt rotates around its own axis, and inconsistent surface finish.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a positioning and grinding device for machining automotive bolts. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a positioning and grinding device for automotive bolt processing. By incorporating an adaptively deformable spring plate and a pressing component, when the device is advanced to the ball head of a ball end bolt, it automatically bends under spherical pressure to form a conforming envelope surface. This eliminates the need for frequent grinding head replacements or recalibration of the positioning reference, thus adapting to ball end bolts of different specifications. This solves the problems mentioned in the background art, namely:

[0007] Because of the difference between the screw diameter and the ball head size, the existing device needs to frequently change the grinding head and repeatedly adjust the radial and axial positioning. This results in uneven distribution of grinding contact pressure when the bolt rotates around its own axis, and inconsistent surface finish.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the positioning and grinding device for processing automotive bolts includes a grinding machine, which is equipped with a clamping device and a moving device. A ball head bolt is mounted on the clamping device, and a grinding head is fixedly connected to the end of the moving device via a push rod. The grinding head includes a push plate, which is fixedly connected to the end of the push rod. A pressing member is connected to one end of the push plate facing the ball head bolt, and a support assembly is provided at the other end of the push plate.

[0009] The push plate has a groove on the side facing the ball head bolt, and the support assembly is connected to the groove by a spring plate, which is made of a rigid elastic material.

[0010] When the moving device drives the grinding head to move, the grinding head advances toward the ball head of the ball head bolt. The spring plate is squeezed by the outer surface of the ball head bolt, forcing the spring plate to bend inward to form a curved surface that fits against the outer wall of the ball head, so as to wrap the ball head.

[0011] Due to the rigid elastic properties of the spring plate, it will not suffer irreversible damage. At the same time, it can adaptively bend and deform, forming an envelope surface that perfectly fits the outer wall of the ball head. The pressing component will cooperate to guide and prevent the spring plate from deforming and shifting. Furthermore, since this deformation is based on the adaptive adjustment of the ball head profile, there is no need to change the corresponding specification of the grinding head according to the screw diameter and ball head size, nor is there a need to recalibrate the radial positioning. This allows ball head bolts of different specifications to keep in close contact with the grinding head.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the pressing component is made of polyurethane, and its end is bent towards the ball head bolt. The end of the bent section is provided with a protrusion with a rounded chamfer. At the same time, a groove is opened at the connection between the pressing component and the push plate. In this way, when the pressing component contacts the ball head bolt spherical surface, the rounded chamfer can first guide the pressing component to make smooth contact along the contour of the spherical surface, avoiding sharp contact points from scratching the spherical surface or hindering the advancement. The stress concentration area formed by the groove will guide the pressing component to be stressed at a predetermined position. Combined with the limiting and guiding effect of the protrusion, the pressing component will produce directional bending deformation along the outer wall of the spherical surface, and there will be no disorderly displacement.

[0013] Based on this, the support assembly includes a support plate, inside which two axially movable support rods are movably sleeved. Ball bearings are fixedly installed at the ends of the support rods, and these ball bearings are rotatably engaged in corresponding grooves on the inner wall of the push plate. When the spring plate undergoes adaptive bending under the pressure of the ball-head bolts, the support plate will experience a reaction force transmitted by the spherical surface. At this time, the support rods can move flexibly axially to adapt to the force displacement of the push plate, while the ball bearings reduce the frictional resistance between the support rods and the push plate through rotation, preventing jamming or sticking.

[0014] The support plate has a U-shaped structure, with coaxial slots on its two side walls. A shaft is installed inside the slot, providing symmetrical installation support space for the spring plate. This allows the spring plate to bend smoothly around the shaft after connection without lateral deviation. At the same time, the support plate is made of silicone, and its elastic modulus decreases from the shaft to the support rod, synchronously adapting to the adaptive bending deformation of the spring plate and avoiding the limitation of the spring plate's fit with ball heads of different specifications due to excessive rigidity of the support plate.

[0015] In addition, the spring plate is a composite elastomer structure, with a directionally bendable spring steel core embedded inside and a polyurethane elastic wear-resistant layer on the outside. In the free state, the inherent elasticity of the spring steel core keeps it in a stable outward convex arc shape. When it is squeezed by the ball head bolt and exceeds the critical pressure, the spring plate bends and deforms into an inwardly concave envelope surface that fits against the outer arc surface of the ball head.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] Through the synergistic effect of the adaptive bending of the spring plate and the directional bending of the pressure component, the spring plate and the support assembly maintain a straight support in the initial state. When the device is advanced to the ball head bolt, the ball head surface first contacts the spring plate, causing it to automatically bend under pressure, forming an envelope surface that fits the outer wall of the ball head. At the same time, the pressure component contacts the bolt shank and generates directional bending, working together with the spring plate to form a grinding working surface that matches the current ball head bolt structure. This ensures that during the grinding process, regardless of changes in the ball head diameter and shank size, the grinding surface can maintain uniform contact with the ball head surface, resulting in a uniform distribution of grinding pressure and enabling adaptive grinding of ball head bolts of different specifications. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged view of the grinding process of the ball head bolt of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the support state of the grinding head according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the deformation state of the grinding head of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the deformation direction of the pressing component of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support components of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the internal structure of the push plate of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the spring plate structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a top view of the deformation of the spring plate of the present invention.

[0027] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows:

[0028] 1. Grinding machine; 11. Clamping device; 12. Moving device; 120. Push rod;

[0029] 2. Ball head bolt;

[0030] 3. Grinding head; 31. Push plate; 32. Pressing element; 33. Groove;

[0031] 34. Support assembly; 340. Support plate; 341. Support rod; 342. Ball bearing;

[0032] 35. Spring plate; 350. Shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Currently, due to the difference between the screw diameter and the ball head size, uneven distribution of grinding contact pressure and inconsistent spherical surface finish are caused by this issue. This invention provides a positioning and grinding device for automotive bolt processing. (See [link to device]). Figure 1 - Figure 3 As shown, the device includes a grinder 1, which is equipped with a clamping device 11 and a moving device 12. The clamping device 11 is fitted with a ball head bolt 2. The end of the moving device 12 is fixedly connected to a grinding head 3 via a push rod 120. The grinding head 3 includes a push plate 31, which is fixedly connected to the end of the push rod 120. One end of the push plate 31 facing the ball head bolt 2 is connected to a pressing member 32, and the other end of the push plate 31 is provided with a support assembly 34.

[0035] The push plate 31 has a groove on the side facing the ball head bolt 2. The support assembly 34 is connected to the groove by a spring plate 35, and the spring plate 35 is made of a rigid elastic material.

[0036] See Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the ball head bolt 2 is fixed by the clamping device 11 of the grinder 1 to ensure that the bolt can rotate around its own axis; the moving device 12 of the grinder 1 drives the push rod 120 to push the grinding head 3 towards the ball head of the ball head bolt 2. At this time, the push plate 31 of the grinding head 3 serves as the core mounting carrier, and the pressing part 32 connected on one side works in concert with the spring plate 35 connected through the groove on the other side.

[0037] When the grinding head 3 is advanced to contact the ball head bolt 2, the spring plate 35 is squeezed by the outer surface of the ball head and undergoes adaptive bending to form a curved surface that precisely fits the outer wall of the ball head. At the same time, the pressure member 32 contacts and cooperates with the bolt shank. Through the linkage of various structures, the bolts of different specifications can be adapted. Finally, as the bolt rotates around its own axis, the spring plate 35 that fits the spherical surface forms a stable grinding surface, ensuring uniform grinding contact pressure and completing the spherical grinding operation.

[0038] Specifically, the pressure-bearing component 32 is made of polyurethane. Based on the high elasticity of this material, see [reference needed]. Figure 5 As shown, when squeezed by the ball head bolt 2, the pressing part 32 can bend and deform in a directional manner along its outer wall, conforming to bolts of different thicknesses and spherical contours of different curvatures, and can be adapted to various bolt specifications without additional adjustment; and after the squeezing pressure is removed, the pressing part 32 can quickly return to its initial shape by its own elasticity, preparing for the next adaptation to different bolts, without the need for frequent replacement or maintenance.

[0039] Furthermore, due to the soft and cushioning properties of polyurethane material, when the pressing part 32 comes into contact with the ball and shank of the ball head bolt 2, rigid friction will not be generated, thus avoiding scratches on the bolt surface by traditional grinding equipment and ensuring the assembly performance of the finished bolt.

[0040] See Figure 5 As shown, the end of the pressing member 32 bends toward the ball head bolt 2. The end of the bent section is provided with a protrusion perpendicular to the push plate 31. The clear deformation guide path ensures that the pressing member 32 only bends outward along the outer wall of the ball head, and there will be no disordered deformation such as inward squeezing or left and right displacement, thus ensuring the coordinated adaptation effect with the spring plate 35.

[0041] Meanwhile, the apex of the bend between the protrusion and the pressing member 32 is a rounded chamfer, replacing the traditional sharp corner contact, avoiding scratches when the pressing member 32 contacts the bolt, and when contacting the ball head bolt 2, the rounded chamfer slides along the curved surface contour of the bolt; as the grinding head 3 continues to advance, the ball head bolt 2 applies outward compressive force to the rounded chamfer, and this compressive force is transmitted through the bending section to the connection between the pressing member 32 and the push plate 31; the bent pressing member 32 fits against the bolt shank and the spherical surface, forming lateral support, while enabling the grinding head 3 to adapt to bolt shanks of multiple diameters;

[0042] In addition, see Figure 5As shown, a groove 33 is provided at the connection between the pressing member 32 and the push plate 31, so that the stress of the pressing member 32 when bending is concentrated in this area, ensuring that the bending action is completely in the design direction, that is, outward along the outer wall of the ball head, avoiding the deformation deviation from affecting the fit with the bolt; in addition, the stress concentration area formed by the groove 33 can also reduce the extrusion force required for the pressing member 32 to bend, so that the pressing member 32 bends smoothly when in contact with the ball head bolt 2, avoiding excessive pressure on the bolt surface due to excessive bending resistance, and ensuring flexible fit.

[0043] In the above technical solutions, see Figure 6 As shown, the support assembly 34 includes a support plate 340, and two axially movable support rods 341 are movably sleeved inside the support plate 340. Ball bearings 342 are fixedly installed at the ends of the support rods 341, and the ball bearings 342 are rotatably engaged in the corresponding grooves on the inner wall of the push plate 31.

[0044] When the moving device 12 drives the grinding head 3 to advance towards the ball head bolt 2, and the spring plate 35 undergoes adaptive bending due to the pressure of the ball head, the support plate 340 will be subjected to the reaction force transmitted by the spherical surface. At this time, the ball 342, which is rotatably engaged with the groove on the inner wall of the push plate 31, transmits the force and displacement of the push plate 31 to the support rod 341 through its own rotation. Since the support rod 341 is movably sleeved inside the support plate 340 and can move axially, it adjusts its extension or retraction length with the displacement of the push plate 31 to adapt to the different bending deformation requirements of the spring plate 35. At the same time, the two support rods 341 are symmetrically distributed, and with the low friction rotation characteristics of the ball 342, the jamming or sticking phenomenon between the support rod 341 and the push plate 31 is avoided, ensuring that the spring plate 35 always bends around the preset direction, providing support for the contact pressure during bolt rotation grinding.

[0045] Among them, such as Figure 6 As shown, the support plate 340 has an overall U-shaped structure, which provides sufficient space for the adaptive bending of the elastic plate 35. Regardless of the diameter of the ball head, the elastic plate 35 can deform freely within the range of the U-shaped structure, avoiding the impact of space constraints on the compatibility of bolts of different specifications.

[0046] By opening coaxial slots at the relative positions of the two side walls of the support plate 340, and providing a shaft 350 inside the slots, the spring plate 35 is connected between the two side walls of the support plate 340, so that the spring plate 35 can obtain balanced support force from both ends, avoiding the left and right displacement of the spring plate 35 due to excessive force on one side when it bends, and ensuring that the spring plate 35 always deforms around the central axis.

[0047] Furthermore, the coaxiality of the shaft 350 is ensured by the coaxial slot, making the shaft 350 the rotation fulcrum for fixing the spring plate 35; when the spring plate 35 is subjected to force, it can only bend in an arc around the shaft 350 without rotational skew, thus enhancing the fitting accuracy between the spring plate 35 and the ball head contour.

[0048] See Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a shaft 350 is movably connected inside the groove of the push plate 31 facing the ball head bolt 2. The two ends of the spring plate 35 are respectively fixed on the shaft 350. The shaft 350 is made of spring steel. According to the elastic and rigidity characteristics of the material, it can serve as a fixed fulcrum for the spring plate 35 and can also elastically deform under external force to assist the spring plate 35 in finely adjusting the bending arc, so that the spring plate 35 can better fit the ball head contour with different curvatures.

[0049] The support plate 340 is made of silicone, and its elastic modulus decreases from the shaft 350 to the support rod 341. The area near the shaft 350 can expand slightly to both sides as the elastic plate 35 and the shaft 350 deform to accommodate the deformation of the elastic plate 35 and the shaft 350. The area towards the support rod 341 provides support strength for the expansion and contraction of the support plate 340 and prevents the support plate 340 from deforming excessively due to excessive force.

[0050] It should be noted that the spring plate 35 is a composite elastomer structure, with an embedded, directionally bendable spring steel core and an outer polyurethane elastic wear-resistant layer. Its working principle is similar to that of an elastic metal core-coated directional bending strip (such as a toy slap ring). The internal spring steel core provides the spring plate 35 with a directional bending base, enabling it to conform to the spherical contour of ball head bolts 2 of different specifications under external pressure, maintaining the stability of the bent shape and avoiding deformation and deviation. The external polyurethane elastic wear-resistant layer gives the spring plate 35 good elastic recovery and wear resistance, adapting to the repeated bending action of the spring plate 35. The inner wall of the spring plate 35 is covered with a diamond abrasive layer, forming a grinding surface for direct grinding operations. When the spring plate 35 is bent by the ball head to form a conforming envelope surface, it rotates around its own axis with the bolt, contacts the ball head, and completes the grinding.

[0051] like Figure 9 As shown, in its free state, the spring plate 35, with its rigid support from the embedded spring steel core, presents an outwardly convex arc structure, forming a rigid support guide surface that guides the grinding head 3 to align with the ball head bolt 2 during its advancement. When subjected to pressure from the ball head and the force exceeds the critical pressure, the internal spring steel core bends in a predetermined direction, causing the external polyurethane elastic wear-resistant layer to deform synchronously. At the same time, the spring plate 35 as a whole transforms from a parallel shape to a curved surface. Its outwardly convex arc structure is pushed and flipped during the bending process, making the top view of the end of the spring plate 35 straight, and finally transforming into an inwardly concave envelope surface that closely fits the outer arc surface of the ball head. It is compatible with ball head bolts 2 of different spherical diameters, eliminating the need to replace the grinding head 3 and achieving uniform contact grinding during bolt rotation.

[0052] Working principle:

[0053] In the initial state, the spring plate 35 has an outwardly protruding arc structure with rigid support from the embedded spring steel core, forming a rigid support guide surface. The pressing part 32 maintains its initial shape, and the support component 34 provides support performance for the overall structure. It is fixed by the ball head bolt 2 through the clamping device 11 and ensures that it can rotate around its own axis.

[0054] The grinding head 3 is driven to move towards the ball head bolt 2 by the moving device 12. The pressing member 32 first contacts the bolt, and the rounded chamfer avoids sharp contact that could scratch the bolt surface. As the grinding head 3 continues to move forward, the compressive force between the pressing member 32 and the ball head bolt is transmitted through the bending section and output to the connection between the pressing member 32 and the push plate 31. The stress concentration area formed by the groove 33 guides the pressing member 32 to bend directionally along the outer wall of the ball head. The protrusions act as a limiting guide to prevent deformation and deviation.

[0055] As the grinding head 3 continues to advance towards the ball head bolt 2, the spring plate 35 contacts the ball head and is squeezed. When the force exceeds the critical pressure, the spring steel core inside the spring plate 35 bends in a predetermined direction, causing the outer polyurethane elastic wear-resistant layer to deform synchronously. The originally convex arc structure is pushed and flipped, and the top view of the end is straight, eventually forming an inwardly concave envelope surface that fits tightly with the outer arc surface of the ball head.

[0056] During this process, the bending of the spring plate 35 will cause the push plate 31 to be subjected to the reaction force transmitted by the spherical surface. This reaction force is transmitted to the support rod 341 through the ball 342. The support rod 341 moves flexibly along the axis of the support plate 340 to adapt to the different deformation requirements of the spring plate 35. In addition, the two symmetrically distributed support rods 341, together with the low friction characteristics of the ball 342, avoid jamming or sticking and provide support for the push plate 31.

[0057] Finally, the diamond abrasive layer on the inner wall of the spring plate 35 serves as the grinding surface. When the ball head bolt 2 rotates around its own axis, it maintains uniform contact with the ball head, completing the spherical grinding operation. After the grinding operation is completed, the pressure is removed, and the spring plate 35 is manually pulled to reset it, causing the spring plate 35 to return to its initial flat state. This, in turn, drives the entire device back to its initial standby state, preparing it in advance for subsequent adaptation to ball head bolts 2 of different specifications.

[0058] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A positioning and grinding device for processing automotive bolts, comprising a grinding machine (1), wherein the grinding machine (1) is provided with a clamping device (11) and a moving device (12), wherein a ball head bolt (2) is mounted on the clamping device (11), and a grinding head (3) is fixedly connected to the end of the moving device (12) via a push rod (120), characterized in that: The grinding head (3) includes a push plate (31), which is fixedly connected to the end of the push rod (120). One end of the push plate (31) facing the ball head bolt (2) is connected to a pressing member (32), and the other end of the push plate (31) is provided with a support assembly (34). The push plate (31) has a groove on the side facing the ball head bolt (2), and the support assembly (34) is connected to the groove by a spring plate (35), and the spring plate (35) is made of a rigid elastic material; When the moving device (12) drives the grinding head (3) to move and push it toward the ball head of the ball head bolt (2), the spring plate (35) is squeezed by the outer surface of the ball head bolt (2), forcing the spring plate (35) to bend inward to form a curved surface that fits against the outer wall of the ball head, so as to wrap the ball head. The pressing member (32) is made of polyurethane. When it is squeezed by the ball head bolt (2), the pressing member (32) can bend and deform in a directional manner along its spherical outer wall, and can be reset by the elasticity of the material itself after the extrusion pressure is removed. The end of the pressing member (32) is bent toward the ball head bolt (2). The end of the bent section of the pressing member (32) is provided with a protrusion perpendicular to the push plate (31). The top angle of the protrusion and the bending point of the pressing member (32) is a rounded chamfer, which is used to guide the pressing member (32) to bend outward along the outer wall of the ball head when it contacts the ball head bolt (2).

2. The positioning and grinding device for processing automotive bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove (33) is provided at the connection between the pressing member (32) and the push plate (31). The groove (33) forms a stress concentration area, which guides the pressing member (32) to bend in a directional manner at the groove (33) when under force.

3. The positioning and grinding device for processing automotive bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly (34) includes a support plate (340), inside which two axially movable support rods (341) are movably sleeved. Ball bearings (342) are fixedly installed at the ends of the support rods (341), and the ball bearings (342) are rotatably engaged in the corresponding grooves on the inner wall of the push plate (31). The support plate (340) has a U-shaped structure, and coaxial slots are provided on the opposite positions of its two side walls. A shaft (350) is provided inside the slot to connect the spring plate (35) between the two support plates (340) side walls. The support plate (340) is made of silicone, and the elastic modulus of the support plate (340) decreases from the shaft (350) to the support rod (341).

4. The positioning and grinding device for processing automotive bolts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The push plate (31) is movably connected to the groove of the ball head bolt (2) with a shaft (350). The two ends of the spring plate (35) are respectively fixed on the shaft (350). The shaft (350) is made of spring steel and can undergo elastic deformation under external force. The spring plate (35) is a composite elastomer structure, with a directionally bendable spring steel core embedded inside and a polyurethane elastic wear-resistant layer covering the outside; the inner wall of the spring plate (35) is covered with a diamond abrasive layer, forming a grinding surface for directly performing grinding operations. The spring plate (35) has an outwardly protruding arc structure in its free state, forming a rigid support guide surface. When it is squeezed by the ball head bolt (2) and exceeds the critical pressure, it bends and deforms into an inwardly concave envelope surface that fits against the outer arc surface of the ball head.

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