A device for treating converter high-temperature vaporized flue gas

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of converter gas treatment, and relates to a device for treating high-temperature gasified flue gas at the outlet of a converter, comprising a first conveying pipeline, a second conveying pipeline, a cyclone dust collector and a conditioning dust collector configured to spray water into the gas to adjust the quality of the gas and remove dust; the inlet of the first conveying pipeline is connected to the gas outlet of the converter gasified flue gas boiler, the outlet of the first conveying pipeline is connected to the inlet of the cyclone dust collector, the inlet of the second conveying pipeline is connected to the outlet of the cyclone dust collector, the outlet of the second conveying pipeline is connected to the inlet of the conditioning dust collector, and the outlet of the conditioning dust collector is connected to the electrostatic dust collector; the first conveying pipeline is provided with a fire extinguishing device for extinguishing sparks in the pipeline section, and the second conveying pipeline is provided with at least one fire tube evaporator arranged along the direction of the gas flow. The device solves the problem of fire tube blockage caused by zinc droplets condensed from zinc vapor and high-temperature molten ash during the process of recovering heat and quality of the gas by using the fire tube evaporator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of converter gas treatment technology, and particularly relates to a treatment device for the outlet gas of a converter high-temperature gasification flue boiler. Background Technology

[0002] During the oxygen blowing steelmaking process in a converter, crude kerosene gas containing a large amount of CO is generated at temperatures as high as 1450℃-1600℃. To protect downstream equipment and recover energy, the crude kerosene gas is typically cooled by a gasification flue boiler installed above the converter, and its heat is recovered to produce steam. The outlet gas temperature of the high-temperature gasification flue boiler in the converter is around 1000℃ and contains a large amount of dust, requiring cooling and purification through a dust removal process.

[0003] Currently, converter gas treatment mainly employs either dry or wet dust removal processes. In dry dust removal, the gas passes sequentially through an evaporative cooler and an electrostatic precipitator, achieving dust removal through water spray cooling, gravity settling, and electrostatic adsorption. However, this process has the following drawbacks: 1. The sensible heat of the flue gas in the 200℃-1000℃ range is directly discarded, resulting in significant energy loss; 2. The water spraying process in the evaporative cooler consumes a large amount of water resources, increasing energy and resource costs; 3. Water spraying leads to an increase in the moisture content of the gas, forming "wet gas," which affects the economic viability of subsequent utilization. Wet dust removal processes, which use high-pressure water spray to wash the flue gas, suffer from even greater energy consumption, require sludge and wastewater treatment, and also directly discard the sensible heat of the flue gas in the 200℃-1000℃ range, resulting in even greater energy loss than the dry process.

[0004] To achieve sensible heat recovery from flue gas in the 200℃-1000℃ range, some attempts have been made in existing technologies to recover part of the heat through waste heat boilers. However, most of these systems use radiant or convection waste heat boilers, which have limited heat transfer efficiency and have failed to effectively address the risk of combustion and explosion of gas in the medium and low temperature range.

[0005] Fire-tube evaporators have significant advantages such as high pressure resistance to heat source gas flow, low wear risk, and suitability for heat sources with high dust content. However, some technical bottlenecks exist in practical applications. For example, the high-temperature molten ash in the gas during converter steelmaking, as well as the presence of zinc vapor due to the use of zinc-containing scrap steel raw materials during steelmaking, result in a certain concentration of elemental zinc vapor in the flue gas. When the zinc vapor flows through the heat exchange tubes of the fire-tube evaporator, it condenses into zinc droplets upon encountering the cold wall surface and adsorbs dust, adhering to the inner wall of the heat exchange tubes. Since industry standards stipulate that the outer diameter of the heat exchange tubes of fire-tube evaporators should not exceed 133mm, long-term use can easily lead to blockage of the channels inside the heat exchange tubes, seriously affecting the normal operation of the equipment.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a more stable device for treating the outlet gas of a converter high-temperature vaporization flue boiler using a fire-tube evaporator. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a device for treating the outlet gas of a converter high-temperature vaporization flue boiler, which solves the problem of blockage in the heat exchange tubes of the fire-tube evaporator caused by zinc droplets condensed from zinc vapor and high-temperature molten ash during gas heat recovery.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0009] This invention provides a treatment device for the outlet gas of a converter high-temperature gasification flue boiler, comprising a first conveying pipe, a second conveying pipe, a cyclone dust collector, and a conditioning dust collector configured to spray water onto the gas for conditioning and dust removal; the inlet of the first conveying pipe is connected to the gas outlet of the converter gasification flue boiler, the outlet of the first conveying pipe is connected to the inlet of the cyclone dust collector, the inlet of the second conveying pipe is connected to the outlet of the cyclone dust collector, the outlet of the second conveying pipe is connected to the inlet of the conditioning dust collector, and the outlet of the conditioning dust collector is connected to an electrostatic precipitator; a fire extinguishing device for extinguishing sparks in the pipe section is provided on the first conveying pipe, and at least one fire tube evaporator arranged along the gas flow direction is provided on the second conveying pipe.

[0010] Optionally, the first conveying pipeline is constructed as a vaporization flue structure; in the second conveying pipeline, the pipeline portion excluding the fire tube evaporator is constructed as a vaporization flue structure.

[0011] Optionally, the first conveying pipeline is configured to cool the gas by 100°C-300°C, and the vaporization flue structure of the second conveying pipeline is configured to cool the gas by 30°C-100°C.

[0012] Optionally, the cyclone dust collector includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, with the inner cylinder located inside the outer cylinder. The side wall of the outer cylinder is provided with a gas inlet, and the inner cylinder serves as the gas outlet channel. A cyclone dust removal channel for the gas is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. The wall of the outer cylinder is provided with an outer protective plate, a first outer heat insulation layer, a first dust removal heat exchange tube, and a first inner heat insulation layer in sequence along the radial direction from the outer wall surface to the inner wall surface.

[0013] Optionally, the inner wall of the cylinder is provided with a second outer heat insulation layer, a second dust removal heat exchange tube and a second inner heat insulation layer in sequence from the outer wall surface to the inner wall surface along the radial direction.

[0014] Optionally, the outer cylinder includes a cylindrical cylinder and a conical cylinder connected sequentially from top to bottom; the first dust removal heat exchange tube on the cylindrical cylinder is a heat exchange tube spiraling upward around the cylindrical cylinder, or the first dust removal heat exchange tube on the cylindrical cylinder is a plurality of heat exchange tubes arranged in the vertical direction and arranged around the cylindrical cylinder; the first dust removal heat exchange tube on the conical cylinder is a heat exchange tube spiraling upward around the conical cylinder, or the first dust removal heat exchange tube on the conical cylinder is a plurality of heat exchange tubes arranged in the vertical direction and arranged around the conical cylinder.

[0015] Alternatively, the cyclone dust collector is configured to cool the gas by 20°C to 100°C.

[0016] Optionally, the fire extinguishing equipment is a fire sprinkler system, used to spray water when sparks are detected in the high-temperature gas in the first delivery pipeline.

[0017] Optionally, the second conveying pipeline is equipped with two fire-tube evaporators arranged along the gas flow direction; both the cyclone dust collector and the conditioning dust collector are vertical structures and arranged in the horizontal direction, and both fire-tube evaporators are arranged in the vertical direction, with one fire-tube evaporator located above the cyclone dust collector and the other fire-tube evaporator located above the conditioning dust collector.

[0018] Optionally, both the first and second conveying pipes are U-shaped with their openings facing downwards. A first explosion relief valve is installed at the highest point of the first conveying pipe, and a second explosion relief valve is installed at the highest point of the second conveying pipe.

[0019] Optionally, the gas treatment device for the outlet gas of the converter high-temperature gasification flue boiler also includes a water-cooled blind plate, a water-cooled passage plate, and the original third conveying pipe of the converter system for conveying gas into the dust removal device. The third conveying pipe is U-shaped with an opening facing downwards and has an ascending pipe section that guides the gas to flow upwards and a descending pipe section that guides the gas to flow downwards. The inlet of the first conveying pipe is connected to the upper part of the ascending pipe section. The water-cooled blind plate and the water-cooled passage plate can be selectively connected between the first conveying pipe and the ascending pipe section, and between the third conveying pipe and the dust removal device, so as to pass the gas from the outlet of the converter high-temperature gasification flue boiler into the treatment device or the dust removal device.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0021] The converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas treatment device provided by this invention, through the coordinated layout of the first conveying pipeline, the second conveying pipeline, the cyclone dust collector, and the conditioning dust collector, as well as the integrated design of the fire extinguishing equipment on the first conveying pipeline and the fire tube evaporator on the second conveying pipeline, produces significant beneficial effects: First, the fire extinguishing equipment can extinguish sparks in the gas in a timely manner. Combined with the pipeline layout sequence, the timing of fire extinguishing can be controlled before the gas temperature drops to the combustion and explosion range, fundamentally eliminating the risk of CO combustion and explosion and ensuring the safe operation of the system; Second, the cyclone dust collector effectively removes zinc droplets formed by the condensation of zinc vapor in the gas through centrifugal action. The high-temperature molten ash (which is essentially a high-temperature spark) is used in the cyclone dust collector. Specifically, the centrifugal force of the cyclone dust collector causes zinc vapor to condense into zinc droplets upon contact with the cold cylinder wall. These droplets are then thrown onto the wall, where they cool and transform into ash particles for removal. This solves the technical bottleneck of fire-tube evaporators, which are easily blocked by droplets formed from zinc vapor condensation and high-temperature molten ash due to their narrow tube diameter. This allows gas treatment devices using fire-tube evaporators to operate more stably, achieving efficient recovery of sensible heat from the gas and large particulate dust. Simultaneously, the conditioning dust collector requires only a small amount of water spray for final cooling and dust removal, reducing the moisture content of the gas and preserving its calorific value and economic efficiency. The overall device has a compact structure, combining explosion-proof, anti-clogging, and high-efficiency heat recovery, overcoming the dual challenges of low heat transfer efficiency in existing waste heat boilers and easy clogging in fire-tube evaporators. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The present invention is described with reference to the following figures:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a converter high-temperature gasification flue gas treatment device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cyclone dust collector according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a top view of a cyclone dust collector according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchange tube inside the outer cylinder of a cyclone dust collector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cyclone dust collector according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchange tube inside the outer cylinder of a cyclone dust collector according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the outer cylinder of a partial cyclone dust collector according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a converter high-temperature gasification flue gas treatment device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, which includes a steam drum;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the water-cooled blind plate according to a specific embodiment of the present invention from a top view.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the water-cooled blind plate according to a specific embodiment of the present invention from a side view perspective;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the water-cooled channel plate according to a specific embodiment of the present invention from a top view.

[0034] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the water-cooled channel plate according to a specific embodiment of the present invention from a side view perspective.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0036] 11: Fire extinguishing equipment; 12: First explosion relief valve; 13: First connecting pipe section; 14: First bend pipe section; 15: Second connecting pipe section;

[0037] 21: First fire-tube evaporator; 22: Second fire-tube evaporator; 23: Soot blower; 24: Second explosion relief valve; 25: Second bend in the pipe section;

[0038] 3: Cyclone dust collector;

[0039] 31: Outer cylinder; 32: Inner cylinder; 33: Gas inlet;

[0040] 311: Outer protective plate; 312: First outer heat insulation layer; 313: First dust removal heat exchange tube; 314: First inner heat insulation layer; 315: Inlet water header; 316: Outlet water header;

[0041] 4: Conditioning and dust collector;

[0042] 5: Steam drum;

[0043] 51: Circulating pump;

[0044] 6: Water-cooled blind plate;

[0045] 61: Protective plate; 62: First heat exchange tube; 63: High-temperature resistant casting layer; 64: First flange;

[0046] 7: Water-cooled channel plate;

[0047] 71: Second heat exchange tube; 72: Second flange;

[0048] 81: Ascending pipe section; 82: Descending pipe section. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, or foregoing drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order or hierarchy.

[0051] In this invention, the reference to "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] In this invention, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this invention, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0054] In the embodiments of the present invention, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of the present invention shown in the accompanying drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device, are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on the present invention.

[0055] In this invention, "multiple" refers to two or more, including two.

[0056] The "upper" and "lower" directions involved in this invention are... Figure 1 The orientation is used as a reference.

[0057] Current technologies directly recover heat from the outlet gas of a converter high-temperature gasification flue boiler. However, using a waste heat boiler to directly recover heat from this gas poses a risk of combustion and explosion in the medium- and low-temperature gas phases. Specifically, the outlet gas temperature of a converter high-temperature gasification flue boiler is around 1000℃, and the final temperature after heat recovery is around 250℃. However, the gas contains a large amount of CO, and its combustion and explosion temperature range is generally below 650℃. Therefore, when the gas is cooled to within this range after heat exchange, it is highly susceptible to CO combustion and explosion, leading to equipment damage, system shutdown, and a series of safety risks.

[0058] For the gas at the outlet of a high-temperature gasification flue boiler in a converter to ignite and explode, three conditions must be met simultaneously: 1. The gas temperature must be within the gas ignition and explosion temperature range; 2. The concentrations of carbon monoxide and oxygen in the gas must be within a specific ratio range; 3. There must be sparks in the gas.

[0059] Therefore, this invention fully considers the blockage of fire tubes caused by high-temperature molten ash and zinc droplets formed by zinc vapor condensation in the application of fire tube evaporators for gas heat recovery, as well as the combustion and explosion characteristics of CO during the gas heat exchange process, and proposes a safe and reliable converter high-temperature gasification flue boiler outlet gas treatment device.

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a treatment device for the outlet gas of a converter high-temperature gasification flue boiler, including a first conveying pipe, a second conveying pipe, a cyclone dust collector 3, and a conditioning dust collector 4 configured to spray water onto the gas for conditioning and dust removal. The inlet of the first conveying pipe is connected to the gas outlet of the converter gasification flue boiler, the outlet of the first conveying pipe is connected to the inlet of the cyclone dust collector 3, the inlet of the second conveying pipe is connected to the outlet of the cyclone dust collector 3, the outlet of the second conveying pipe is connected to the inlet of the conditioning dust collector 4, and the outlet of the conditioning dust collector 4 is connected to an electrostatic precipitator. A fire extinguishing device 11 for extinguishing sparks in the high-temperature gas is provided on the first conveying pipe, and at least one fire-tube evaporator arranged along the gas flow direction is provided on the second conveying pipe.

[0061] The converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas treatment device provided by this invention, through the coordinated layout of the first conveying pipeline, the second conveying pipeline, the cyclone dust collector 3, and the conditioning dust collector 4, and the integrated design of the fire extinguishing device 11 on the first conveying pipeline and the fire tube evaporator on the second conveying pipeline, produces significant beneficial effects: First, the fire extinguishing device 11 can extinguish sparks in the gas in time. Combined with the pipeline layout sequence, it can control the timing of fire extinguishing before the gas temperature drops to the combustion and explosion range, fundamentally eliminating the risk of CO combustion and explosion and ensuring the safe operation of the system; Second, the cyclone dust collector 3 effectively removes CO from the gas through centrifugal action. The high-temperature molten ash and zinc vapor condensation into zinc droplets are removed. Specifically, the cyclone dust collector 3 uses centrifugal force to cause zinc vapor to condense into zinc droplets upon contact with the cold cylinder wall. The molten ash and zinc droplets are then thrown onto the cylinder wall and further cooled, transforming into low-temperature ash particles before removal. This solves the technical bottleneck of fire-tube evaporators, which are easily blocked by molten ash and zinc droplets due to their narrow tube diameter. This allows the gas treatment device using the fire-tube evaporator to operate more stably and achieves efficient recovery of the sensible heat of the gas. At the same time, the conditioning dust collector 4 only requires a small amount of water spray to cool and remove dust from the gas, reducing the water content of the gas and preserving its calorific value and economy. The overall device has a compact structure, taking into account explosion-proof, anti-clogging, and efficient heat recovery, overcoming the dual difficulties of low heat transfer efficiency in existing waste heat boilers and easy clogging in fire-tube evaporators.

[0062] It should be noted that traditional waste heat boilers or gasification flues, due to their large-channel heat exchange design, do not cause significant blockage even when zinc droplets generated by the condensation of high-temperature molten ash and zinc vapor adhere to the wall surface. Therefore, existing technologies generally neglect the removal of high-temperature molten ash and zinc droplets. However, this design approach is not well adapted to fire-tube evaporators. The narrower tube diameter of fire-tube evaporators compared to gasification flues makes them highly susceptible to blockage due to dust adsorption from the condensation of molten ash and zinc vapor, leading to equipment failure. More importantly, other dust collectors besides the cyclone dust collector 3, such as inertial dust collectors and gravity dust collectors, can only remove solid particles and cannot effectively handle gaseous zinc vapor. This invention cleverly combines a fire-tube evaporator with the cyclone dust collector 3. Through the centrifugal action unique to the cyclone dust collector 3, zinc vapor is brought into contact with the cold wall surface, condensing into droplets and further cooled into ash particles for removal. This fundamentally solves the blockage problem caused by molten ash and zinc droplets, allowing the advantages of the fire-tube evaporator to be fully realized.

[0063] It should also be noted that the converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas boiler outlet gas treatment device provided by the present invention is equivalent to replacing the evaporator cooler in the existing dry dust removal process. It can not only recover the sensible heat of the converter gas, but also ensure the calorific value of the gas as much as possible, thereby realizing the recovery of the heat quality of the gas.

[0064] Specifically, the fire tube evaporator has fire tubes arranged in parallel inside, and the outer wall of the fire tube evaporator has a water inlet and a steam outlet that communicate with the space outside the fire tubes. The inside of the fire tubes serves as a flow channel for converter gas, and water is introduced between the fire tubes and the outer wall of the fire tube evaporator for boiling.

[0065] The converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas boiler outlet gas treatment device provided by this invention can be applied to both newly built plants and the renovation of existing plants. When applied to newly built plants, the system layout is more flexible due to the smaller space constraints. In this case, the number of fire-tube evaporators is not strictly limited; three or more can be configured according to actual heat recovery needs to achieve cascaded heat recovery and efficient utilization. Simultaneously, the design of the first conveying pipeline can be flexibly selected according to process requirements: it can be set as a conveying pipeline that does not participate in heat exchange; or it can be set as a vaporization flue structure with heat exchange function, working in conjunction with the fire-tube evaporator to construct a multi-stage heat exchange system.

[0066] When applied to the renovation of old converter plants, the limited space in existing plant buildings makes renovation difficult. Generally, only two fire-tube evaporators are permitted. If the first delivery pipeline is designed as an empty flue that does not participate in heat exchange, and all heat recovery loads are concentrated in the fire-tube evaporator, the single unit will be enormous in size and extremely heavy, posing significant challenges to hoisting and installation. For example, for a 120-ton converter under typical operating conditions of a steam production pressure of 2.5 MPa, if heat recovery relies solely on fire-tube evaporators, the weight of a single unit will exceed 100 tons. Such a massive piece of equipment is almost impossible to hoist and position safely and conveniently within the limited space of an old plant area.

[0067] Therefore, this invention constructs the first conveying pipeline as a vaporization flue structure, and also constructs the pipeline portion of the second conveying pipeline, excluding the fire-tube evaporator, as a vaporization flue structure. Through this design, the conveying pipeline itself becomes a heat exchange unit, achieving a reasonable distribution of heat load. Specifically, the pipeline in the vaporization flue structure not only undertakes the function of conveying gas but also performs preliminary heat exchange through its heating surface, effectively recovering some heat and significantly reducing the heat load on the downstream fire-tube evaporator. Under this distributed heat exchange system, the heat exchange required by a single fire-tube evaporator is greatly reduced, thereby significantly reducing its size and weight, facilitating hoisting during the renovation of old plants.

[0068] The aforementioned construction of the conveying pipeline as a vaporization flue not only solves the installation problem caused by the bulkiness of the fire-tube evaporator, but also generates additional technical advantages: Firstly, the pipe wall temperature of the vaporization flue structure is effectively controlled, reducing the dependence of the first conveying pipeline on the thick refractory castable cylinder wall compared to an empty flue that does not participate in heat exchange. This significantly reduces the furnace wall thickness of the first conveying pipeline from the traditional 600mm or more to about 200mm, further reducing the self-weight of the pipeline system. Secondly, the thermal expansion of the entire gas treatment device is more uniform, improving the stability and safety of the device's operation. Through this integrated design, the present invention achieves the optimal balance between efficient heat and mass recovery, safe operation, and engineering stability within a limited modification space.

[0069] More preferably, the first conveying pipeline is configured to cool the gas by 100°C-300°C, and the vaporization flue structure of the second conveying pipeline is configured to cool the gas by 30°C-100°C; the two fire-tube evaporators installed on the second conveying pipeline are a first fire-tube evaporator 21 and a second fire-tube evaporator 22 arranged along the gas flow direction, the first fire-tube evaporator 21 is configured to cool the gas by 250°C-350°C, and the second fire-tube evaporator 22 is configured to cool the gas by 100°C-200°C. In this way, the first conveying pipeline cools the gas by 100℃-300℃, allowing the gas to safely drop to a temperature above 650℃, effectively avoiding the explosion hazard zone below 650℃; the vaporization flue structure of the second conveying pipeline continues to cool the gas by 30℃-100℃, realizing heat recovery and reducing the equipment load of the fire-tube evaporator; through the cascade cooperation of the first fire-tube evaporator 21 and the second fire-tube evaporator 22, both efficient heat recovery is ensured and the space of the old plant renovation is fully utilized.

[0070] Preferably, such as Figures 2 to 7 As shown, the cyclone dust collector 3 includes an outer cylinder 31 and an inner cylinder 32. The inner cylinder 32 is located inside the outer cylinder 31. The side wall of the outer cylinder 31 is provided with a gas inlet 33. The inner cylinder 32 serves as the gas outlet channel, and a cyclone dust removal channel for the gas is formed between the outer cylinder 31 and the inner cylinder 32. The wall of the outer cylinder 31 is provided with an outer protective plate 311, an outer heat insulation layer 312, a dust removal heat exchange tube 313, and an inner heat insulation layer 314 in sequence from the outer wall surface to the inner wall surface along the radial direction.

[0071] To withstand coal gas, the traditional cyclone dust collector 3 requires the furnace wall to be filled with a large amount of high-temperature resistant castable, resulting in a furnace wall thickness of 600-700mm, which leads to the cyclone dust collector 3 being large in size and heavy in weight. This invention, through the layered arrangement of an outer protective plate 311, a first outer heat insulation layer 312, a first dust removal heat exchange tube 313, and a first inner heat insulation layer 314, enables the dust collector wall to also function as a heat exchanger. The first dust removal heat exchange tube 313 can effectively recover waste heat from the coal gas, maintaining the wall temperature at the saturated steam temperature, thus significantly reducing the furnace wall thickness to about 200mm. This not only reduces the weight and volume of the equipment but also lowers the load on the plant. At the same time, this integrated design makes the cyclone dust collector 3 itself a waste heat recovery unit, which can pre-cool the coal gas, further reducing the heat load on the downstream fire-tube evaporator, thereby effectively reducing the required volume and weight of the fire-tube evaporator and helping to solve the problem of hoisting the fire-tube evaporator. In addition, the optimized furnace wall structure, combined with the heat insulation layer, ensures structural strength and thermal efficiency while making the overall thermal expansion of the device more uniform, improving the stability and safety of the device operation.

[0072] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first dust removal heat exchange tube 313 inside the outer cylinder 31 is a heat exchange tube spiraling upward around the outer cylinder 31. The lower end of the first dust removal heat exchange tube 313 serves as the water inlet, and the upper end of the first dust removal heat exchange tube 313 serves as the water vapor mixture outlet.

[0073] Furthermore, the outer cylinder 31 includes a cylindrical cylinder and a conical cylinder connected sequentially from top to bottom; the first dust removal heat exchange tube 313 on the cylindrical cylinder is a heat exchange tube spirally upward around the cylindrical cylinder, and the first dust removal heat exchange tube 313 on the conical cylinder is a heat exchange tube spirally upward around the conical cylinder. Thus, the first dust removal heat exchange tube 313 on the cylindrical cylinder cools the gas to recover heat, and the first dust removal heat exchange tube 313 on the conical cylinder not only cools the gas to recover heat, but also cools the deposited dust, recovering the heat from the dust, providing a safety guarantee for subsequent dust transportation. The first dust removal heat exchange tube 313 on the cylindrical cylinder and the first dust removal heat exchange tube 313 on the conical cylinder can be integrated or installed separately.

[0074] The first dust removal heat exchange tube 313 on the cylindrical tube and the first dust removal heat exchange tube 313 on the conical tube can be a single-branch spiral heat exchange tube or a multi-branch spiral heat exchange tube.

[0075] In some other embodiments, the first dust removal heat exchange tube 313 inside the outer cylinder 31 consists of multiple heat exchange tubes arranged in the vertical direction. The multiple heat exchange tubes are arranged around the outer cylinder 31, and the lower end of each heat exchange tube is connected to the inlet water header 315. The upper end of each heat exchange tube is connected to the outlet water header 316. The inlet water header 315 and the outlet water header 316 are both annular and sleeved on the outer cylinder 31.

[0076] Furthermore, the outer cylinder 31 includes a cylindrical cylinder and a conical cylinder connected sequentially from top to bottom; the first dust removal heat exchange tubes 313 on the cylindrical cylinder are multiple tubes arranged vertically and surrounding the cylindrical cylinder, and the first dust removal heat exchange tubes 313 on the conical cylinder are also multiple tubes arranged vertically and surrounding the conical cylinder. Thus, the first dust removal heat exchange tubes 313 on the cylindrical cylinder cool the gas to recover heat, and the first dust removal heat exchange tubes 313 on the conical cylinder not only cool the gas to recover heat, but also cool the deposited dust, recovering the heat from the dust, thus providing a safety guarantee for subsequent dust transportation. The first dust removal heat exchange tubes 313 on the cylindrical cylinder and the first dust removal heat exchange tubes 313 on the conical cylinder can be integrated or separate.

[0077] Optionally, the outer cylinder 31 includes a cylindrical cylinder and a conical cylinder connected sequentially from top to bottom; the first dust removal heat exchange tube 313 on the cylindrical cylinder is a heat exchange tube spirally upward around the cylindrical cylinder, and the first dust removal heat exchange tube 313 on the conical cylinder consists of multiple heat exchange tubes arranged vertically and surrounding the conical cylinder; or, the first dust removal heat exchange tube 313 on the cylindrical cylinder consists of multiple heat exchange tubes arranged vertically and surrounding the cylindrical cylinder, and the first dust removal heat exchange tube 313 on the conical cylinder is a heat exchange tube spirally upward around the conical cylinder. The first dust removal heat exchange tube 313 on the cylindrical cylinder and the first dust removal heat exchange tube 313 on the conical cylinder can be integrated or separated.

[0078] Preferably, the inner wall of the inner cylinder 32 is provided with a second outer heat insulation layer, a second dust removal heat exchange tube, and a second inner heat insulation layer in sequence along the radial direction from the outer wall surface to the inner wall surface. This further improves the heat recovery capacity of the cyclone dust collector 3 for the coal gas. Both the second outer heat insulation layer and the second inner heat insulation layer are made of wear-resistant materials.

[0079] Preferably, the cyclone dust collector 3 is configured to cool the gas by 20°C to 100°C.

[0080] Preferably, the fire extinguishing device 11 is a fire extinguishing sprinkler system, used to spray water when sparks are detected in the first delivery pipe. It should be noted that the fire extinguishing sprinkler system only sprays water when sparks are detected in the first delivery pipe, and does not spray water at other times. The water volume sprayed by the fire extinguishing sprinkler system is very small and will not significantly affect the heat recovery and calorific value of the gas.

[0081] More preferably, all fire-tube evaporators are equipped with soot blowers 23 for cleaning the walls of the heat exchange tubes. In this way, the soot blowers 23 can reduce the adhesion of soot to the surface of the tube sheet above the fire-tube evaporator, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and operational stability of the device.

[0082] Preferably, a first explosion relief valve 12 is installed at the highest point of the first conveying pipeline, and a second explosion relief valve 24 is installed at the highest point of the second conveying pipeline. In this way, even if a combustion or explosion occurs in the first or second conveying pipeline, the first explosion relief valve 12 and the second explosion relief valve 24 can quickly open, release pressure, and then quickly reset, protecting the system and equipment, thereby further improving the safety of the gas treatment device.

[0083] Preferably, both the cyclone dust collector 3 and the conditioning dust collector 4 are vertical structures and arranged horizontally, while the first fire-tube evaporator 21 and the second fire-tube evaporator 22 are both vertically arranged in the up-down direction. This results in a compact structure for the gas treatment device, facilitating dust settling and adapting to the renovation space of existing factory buildings.

[0084] Specifically, in some embodiments, the first fire-tube evaporator 21 and the second fire-tube evaporator 22 are both placed vertically. Of course, the first fire-tube evaporator 21 and the second fire-tube evaporator 22 can also be placed at an angle of repose in the vertical direction according to the required angle of repose.

[0085] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the first conveying pipe has a first connecting pipe section 13, a first bend pipe section 14, and a second connecting pipe section 15 arranged along the gas flow direction. The bottom of the first connecting pipe section 13 is used to connect to the gas outlet of the converter gasification flue boiler. The first end of the first bend pipe section 14 is connected to the top of the first connecting pipe section 13, and the second end of the first bend pipe section 14 is connected to the cyclone dust collector 3 through the second connecting pipe section 15. The second conveying pipe has a first fire tube evaporator 21, a second bend pipe section 25, and a second fire tube evaporator 22 arranged along the gas flow direction. The bottom of the first fire tube evaporator 21 is connected to the top of the cyclone dust collector 3. The first end of the second bend pipe section 25 is connected to the top of the first fire tube evaporator 21, and the second end of the second bend pipe section 25 is connected to the conditioning dust collector 4 through the second fire tube evaporator 22.

[0086] In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing device 11 is installed on the second connecting pipe section 15.

[0087] Specifically, the first explosion relief valve 12 is located at the top of the first bend section 14, and the second explosion relief valve 24 is located at the top of the second bend section 25.

[0088] Specifically, the cyclone dust collector 3 has a gas outlet at the top, a dust recovery port at the bottom, and a gas inlet 33 on the side wall. The second end of the first bend section 14 is connected to the gas inlet 33 of the cyclone dust collector 3 through the second connecting pipe section 15. The gas outlet of the cyclone dust collector 3 is connected to the first end of the second bend section 25 through the first fire tube evaporator 21.

[0089] Specifically, in this embodiment, the top of the conditioning dust collector 4 is connected to the outlet of the second fire-tube evaporator 22. The bottom of the conditioning dust collector 4 is provided with a dust recovery port, the lower side wall is provided with a gas outlet, the upper part of the conditioning dust collector 4 is provided with a conditioning spray device, the second end of the second bend section 25 is connected to the gas inlet of the conditioning dust collector 4 through the second fire-tube evaporator 22, and the gas outlet of the conditioning dust collector 4 is used to connect to an electrostatic precipitator.

[0090] The gas treatment device provided by this invention further includes a steam drum 5, a water supply pipe, and a steam pipe, achieving efficient heat energy recovery and unified management through an integrated steam-water circulation system. Figure 8 As shown, the outlet of the steam drum 5 is connected to the inlet of the water supply pipe. The water supply pipe can be configured as multiple parallel branches, which are respectively connected to the vaporization flue structure of the first conveying pipeline, the vaporization flue structure of the second conveying pipeline, the heat exchange structures of each fire-tube evaporator, and the cyclone dust collector 3, to achieve distributed water supply to each heat exchange unit. At the same time, the steam inlet of the steam drum 5 is connected to the outlet of the steam pipe, which can also be configured as multiple parallel branches for centralized recovery of saturated steam generated by the above-mentioned heat exchange units. This parallel pipeline layout not only realizes the tiered utilization and flexible distribution of heat, but also avoids pipeline cross-interference through rational arrangement, simplifies the system structure, and improves maintenance convenience. After the water-steam mixture generated by each heat exchange unit is separated into steam and water in the steam drum 5, the saturated steam enters the steam pipeline network for production use, while the separated saturated water re-participates in the circulating heat exchange through the water supply pipe, forming a closed-loop heat energy recovery system.

[0091] Specifically, a circulation pump 51 is installed on the water supply pipe.

[0092] In the old plant, the converter system has a dust removal device and a third conveying pipe for transporting coal gas into the dust removal device. The dust removal device can be a dry dust removal device or a wet dust removal device. When the coal gas treatment device provided by this invention is applied in the renovation of the old plant, the coal gas treatment device provided by this invention also includes a water-cooled blind plate 6, a water-cooled channel plate 7, and the original third conveying pipe of the converter system for transporting coal gas into the original dust removal device. The third conveying pipe is U-shaped with an opening facing downwards and has an ascending pipe section 81 for guiding the coal gas upwards and a descending pipe section 82 for guiding the coal gas downwards. The inlet of the first conveying pipe is connected to the upper part of the ascending pipe section 81. The water-cooled blind plate 6 and the water-cooled channel plate 7 can be selectively connected between the first conveying pipe and the ascending pipe section 81, and between the third conveying pipe and the dust removal device, so as to pass the coal gas from the boiler outlet of the converter high-temperature vaporization flue into the above-mentioned coal gas treatment device or dust removal device. Among them, the water-cooled blind plate 6 and the water-cooled channel plate 7 both have built-in water-cooled heat exchange structures.

[0093] By introducing a switchable design for the water-cooled blind plate 6 and the water-cooled channel plate 7, firstly, the structure enables rapid switching between the heat and mass recovery mode and the traditional dust removal mode in the gas passage, greatly improving the flexibility and adaptability of system operation. It can meet different process requirements, such as equipment maintenance or process adjustment, and ensure production continuity. Secondly, the water-cooled heat exchange structure effectively controls the working temperature of the blind plate and the channel plate, avoiding component thermal deformation or damage caused by high-temperature gas, and significantly enhancing system safety and service life.

[0094] Specifically, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the water-cooled blind plate 6 is circular in shape, including a blind plate body and a first flange 64 fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the blind plate body. The blind plate body has a protective plate 61, a first heat exchange tube 62, and a high-temperature resistant casting layer 63 arranged sequentially along its thickness direction. The high-temperature resistant casting layer 63 serves as the working surface in direct contact with the gas. The first heat exchange tube 62 starts from the first end of the protective plate 61 and is coiled along a serpentine path on the surface of the protective plate 61, extending to the second end of the protective plate 61. Optionally, the first heat exchange tube 62 coils from the edge of the protective plate 61 along a spiral path to the center of the protective plate 61, and then coils back from the center of the protective plate 61 along a spiral path to the edge of the protective plate 61. Furthermore, the serpentine and spiral paths of the first heat exchange tube 62 continuously cover the contact area between the high-temperature resistant casting layer 63 and the gas. This achieves uniform and efficient cooling of the water-cooled blind plate 6, effectively preventing component thermal deformation or damage caused by localized high temperatures.

[0095] Specifically, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the water-cooled channel plate 7 includes a second flange 72 in an annular shape and a second heat exchange tube 71 clamped in the second flange 72. The second heat exchange tube 71 extends in an annular shape along the circumference of the second flange 72.

[0096] Optionally, the cross-section of the second heat exchange tube 71 is semi-circular, and one side of the plane of the second heat exchange tube 71 is welded to the second flange 72.

[0097] Specifically, the inlet of the first heat exchanger tube 62 can be connected to the water supply pipe, and the outlet of the first heat exchanger tube 62 can be connected to the steam pipe; the inlet of the second heat exchanger tube 71 can be connected to the water supply pipe, and the outlet of the second heat exchanger tube 71 can be connected to the steam pipe. The water supply pipe supplies circulating water to the first heat exchanger tube 62 and the second heat exchanger tube 71, and the steam generated after absorbing heat is recovered to the steam drum 5 through the steam pipe, realizing continuous heat exchange.

[0098] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A device for treating the outlet gas of a converter high-temperature gasification flue boiler, characterized in that, It includes a first conveying pipeline, a second conveying pipeline, a cyclone dust collector (3), and a conditioning dust collector (4) configured to spray water into the gas for conditioning and dust removal. The inlet of the first conveying pipe is used to connect with the gas outlet of the converter gasification flue boiler, the outlet of the first conveying pipe is connected with the inlet of the cyclone dust collector (3), the inlet of the second conveying pipe is connected with the outlet of the cyclone dust collector (3), the outlet of the second conveying pipe is connected with the inlet of the conditioning dust collector (4), and the outlet of the conditioning dust collector (4) is used to connect with the electrostatic precipitator. The first conveying pipeline is equipped with a fire extinguishing device (11) for extinguishing sparks in the pipe section, and the second conveying pipeline is equipped with at least one fire tube evaporator arranged along the gas flow direction. The first conveying pipeline is constructed as a vaporization flue structure; in the second conveying pipeline, the pipeline portion excluding the fire tube evaporator is constructed as a vaporization flue structure; the first conveying pipeline is constructed to cool the gas by 100℃-300℃, and the vaporization flue structure of the second conveying pipeline is constructed to cool the gas by 30℃-100℃. The fire extinguishing equipment (11) is a fire extinguishing spray device used to spray water when sparks are detected in the first conveying pipe; two fire tube evaporators are arranged along the gas flow direction on the second conveying pipe; the cyclone dust collector (3) and the conditioning dust collector (4) are both vertical structures and arranged in the horizontal direction. The two fire tube evaporators are arranged in the vertical direction, and one fire tube evaporator is located above the cyclone dust collector (3) and the other fire tube evaporator is located above the conditioning dust collector (4).

2. The device for treating the outlet gas of a converter high-temperature gasification flue boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cyclone dust collector (3) includes an outer cylinder (31) and an inner cylinder (32). The inner cylinder (32) is located inside the outer cylinder (31). The side wall of the outer cylinder (31) is provided with a gas inlet (33). The inner cylinder (32) serves as the gas outlet channel, and a cyclone dust removal channel for the gas is formed between the outer cylinder (31) and the inner cylinder (32). The outer cylinder (31) wall is provided with an outer protective plate (311), a first outer heat insulation layer (312), a first dust removal heat exchange tube (313), and a first inner heat insulation layer (314) in sequence from the outer wall surface to the inner wall surface along the radial direction.

3. The device for treating the outlet gas of a converter high-temperature gasification flue boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the inner cylinder (32) is provided with a second outer heat insulation layer, a second dust removal heat exchange tube and a second inner heat insulation layer in sequence from the outer wall surface to the inner wall surface along the radial direction.

4. The device for treating the outlet gas of a converter high-temperature gasification flue boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer cylinder (31) includes a cylindrical cylinder and a conical cylinder connected from top to bottom; The first dust removal heat exchange tube (313) on the cylindrical tube is a heat exchange tube spiraling upward around the cylindrical tube, or the first dust removal heat exchange tube (313) on the cylindrical tube is a plurality of heat exchange tubes arranged in the vertical direction and arranged around the cylindrical tube. The first dust removal heat exchange tube (313) on the conical cylinder is a heat exchange tube spiraling upward around the conical cylinder, or the first dust removal heat exchange tube (313) on the conical cylinder is a plurality of heat exchange tubes arranged in the vertical direction and arranged around the conical cylinder.

5. The device for treating the outlet gas of a converter high-temperature gasification flue boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cyclone dust collector (3) is configured to cool the gas by 20°C to 100°C.

6. The device for treating the outlet gas of a converter high-temperature gasification flue boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first and second conveying pipes are U-shaped with their openings facing downwards. A first explosion relief valve (12) is installed at the highest point of the first conveying pipe, and a second explosion relief valve (24) is installed at the highest point of the second conveying pipe.

Images