Energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer

Abstract

An energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer relates to the technical field of directional drilling and comprises a centralizing block, an upper barrel, a lower barrel, a central pipe, a main piston and an electromagnetic reversing mechanism. The centralizing block can be supported on a well wall, so that the position of a drill bit in a well hole is limited; the centralizing block is installed on the outer side of the lower cylinder body, a hydraulic channel and a hydraulic executing mechanism corresponding to the centralizing block are arranged in the lower cylinder body, hydraulic pressure is applied to the hydraulic executing mechanism through the hydraulic channel, and the centralizing block can be driven to slide in the radial direction of the lower cylinder body; the upper cylinder is connected to the outer side of the upper end of the lower cylinder; the central pipe is connected to the inner side of the upper end of the lower cylinder; the electromagnetic reversing mechanism is mounted in the upper cylinder body; the main piston is arranged between the upper barrel and the central pipe in a sliding mode and located below the electromagnetic reversing mechanism. According to the stabilizer with the variable diameter, the variable diameter can be achieved without tripping, so that the construction workload is greatly reduced, shale gas exploitation is promoted, energy is saved, consumption is reduced, and quality and efficiency are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of directional drilling, in particular to an energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of shale gas exploitation, directional drilling technology is needed to control the drilling direction of the drill bit, so as to perform the inclination reduction, inclination stabilization or inclination increase operation when the inclination angle or azimuth angle changes abnormally.

[0003] The stabilizer is a necessary equipment for shale gas exploitation to help control the drilling direction of the drill bit. By changing the outer diameter of the stabilizer, the drilling state of the drill bit can be intervened, so as to control the drilling direction.

[0004] The outer diameter of the traditional stabilizer is fixed. When drilling, when the inclination angle or azimuth angle changes abnormally, the drill pipe and drilling tool need to be pulled out to replace the stabilizer with different diameters, so as to change the outer diameter of the stabilizer. The tripping operation not only greatly increases the construction period, but also greatly increases the material consumption and energy consumption, which is extremely inconsistent with the environmental protection requirements of building a low-carbon oilfield.

[0005] In addition, the patent application number 202110930052.9 of the invention patent applied by China Petroleum and Natural Gas Group Co., Ltd. discloses a motor control type variable diameter stabilizer, but the hydraulic control mode of this stabilizer has very poor reliability, and even it is difficult to work normally, and it is also difficult to apply in actual production. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides an energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer, which aims to design a stabilizer with variable diameter, so that the stabilizer does not need to be replaced during drilling, thereby simplifying the construction process, reducing the construction steps, and ultimately achieving the environmental protection goal of energy saving and consumption reduction.

[0007] The technical problem solved by the present application is realized by the following technical scheme: An energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer, comprising: A centralizing block, which can be supported on the well wall to limit the position of the drill bit in the wellbore; A lower cylinder, the centralizing block is installed on the outer side of the lower cylinder, a hydraulic channel and a hydraulic actuator corresponding to the centralizing block are arranged in the lower cylinder, and the hydraulic actuator can be driven to slide along the radial direction of the lower cylinder by applying hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic actuator through the hydraulic channel; An upper cylinder and a central pipe, the upper cylinder is connected to the outer side of the upper end of the lower cylinder, and the central pipe is connected to the inner side of the upper end of the lower cylinder; An electromagnetic reversing mechanism, which is installed in the inner side of the upper cylinder and comprises a valve body and a valve core, which together form a two-position four-way reversing valve; A main piston is slidably arranged between the upper cylinder and the central pipe and below the electromagnetic reversing mechanism, and an upper sealing platform and a lower sealing platform are arranged on the outer side of the main piston, a fixed sealing ring is arranged between the upper sealing platform and the lower sealing platform, the outer side of the fixed sealing ring is fixedly and sealingly connected with the upper cylinder, the inner side of the fixed sealing ring is slidably and sealingly connected with the main piston, hydraulic cavities are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the upper sealing platform, and the two hydraulic cavities are connected with a hydraulic system in which the electromagnetic reversing mechanism is arranged, the in-out direction of liquid in the two hydraulic cavities is controlled, the main piston is driven to move upward or downward, the space below the lower sealing platform is communicated with the hydraulic channel, and the space is filled with hydraulic oil, and after the main piston moves, the volume change of the space below the lower sealing platform drives the hydraulic actuator to make an execution action, so that the centralizing block slides along the radial direction of the lower cylinder.

[0008] As a preferred solution, at least three installation grooves are machined on the outer circumference of the lower cylinder, and one centralizing block is slidably arranged in each installation groove, and after installation, a piston type hydraulic actuator is formed between the centralizing block and the installation groove.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the electromagnetic reversing mechanism is powered by a storage battery and controlled by ground remote control.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the electromagnetic reversing mechanism is powered by a cable extending from the ground to the underground.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the valve body is sequentially provided with an interface A, an interface B, an interface C, an interface D and an interface E from top to bottom, the interface A is communicated with the space above the valve body, the interface B is communicated with the space below the upper sealing platform, the interface C is communicated with the space outside the upper cylinder, the interface D is communicated with the space above the main piston, and the interface E is communicated with the space above the valve body.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the upper end of the valve body is provided with a first communication pipe, the upper end of the first communication pipe is communicated with the space above the valve body, and the lower end of the first communication pipe is communicated with the interface E. The lower end of the valve body is provided with a second communication pipe, the upper end of the second communication pipe is communicated with the interface B, and the lower end of the second communication pipe is communicated with the space below the upper sealing platform after penetrating through the upper sealing platform of the main piston.

[0013] The present application has the following advantages: 1. The present application designs a diameter-variable stabilizer, which can change the position of the centralizing block on the stabilizer without tripping, realize diameter change, greatly reduce the construction workload while more accurately controlling the drilling direction of the drill bit in the shale gas exploitation process, promote energy saving and consumption reduction, quality improvement and efficiency increase in shale gas exploitation, and meet the requirements of oilfield low-carbon environmental protection.

[0014] 2, The application innovatively applies the electromagnetic commutating mechanism in the stabilizer, through the commutating action of the electromagnetic commutating mechanism, the switching of the liquid flow direction can be realized, thereby the inflow and outflow of the liquid on the upper and lower sides of the upper sealing platform are controlled, the switching of the sliding direction of the main piston is realized, and then the switching of the sliding direction of the righting block is realized. The hydraulic control mode is reliable in work, has low requirement on the sealing between the valve core and the valve body, and is very practical.

[0015] 3, The valve core in the application adopts the electromagnetic control mode, the motor is avoided, so that the length and weight of the tool are greatly reduced, and the structure is simplified. Meanwhile, compared with the motor, the electromagnetic commutating structure has lower requirement on the capacity and discharge power of the power supply (battery), so that the volume of the battery is reduced, and then the length and weight of the tool are further reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the application.

[0017] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the enlarged view of the upper half part.

[0018] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the enlarged view of the lower half part.

[0019] Figure 4 is the position relation diagram of the valve body and the valve core before the electromagnetic commutating mechanism commutates.

[0020] Figure 5 is the position relation diagram of the valve body and the valve core after the electromagnetic commutating mechanism commutates.

[0021] In the figure: 1, non-magnetic drill collar, 2, battery, 3, upper cylinder, 4, valve body, 5, valve core, 6, upper sealing platform, 7, main piston, 8, lower sealing platform, 9, lower cylinder, 10, righting block, 11, hydraulic actuator, 12, hydraulic oil, 13, fixed sealing ring, 14, second communication pipe, 15, first communication pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The drawings are only used for example description, and cannot be understood as the limitation of the patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiment, some components in the drawings are omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures in the drawings and their descriptions can be omitted.

[0023] As Figure 1 shown, the embodiment comprises a righting block 10, a lower cylinder 9, an upper cylinder 3, a center pipe, an electromagnetic commutating mechanism and a main piston 7.

[0024] As Figure 1 ,3 As shown in the drawings, in this embodiment, the righting block 10 is the core component of the stabilizer, and the drill bit is connected to the lower end of the stabilizer in operation, and the righting block 10 is supported on the well wall, thereby reducing the vibration of the drill bit.

[0025] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 , 3 As shown in the drawings, in this embodiment, the righting block 10 is installed on the outside of the lower cylinder 9, and the lower cylinder 9 is provided with a hydraulic passage and a hydraulic actuator 11 corresponding to the righting block 10, and the hydraulic actuator 11 is driven by the hydraulic passage to drive the righting block 10 to slide along the radial direction of the lower cylinder 9.

[0026] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 As shown in the drawings, in this embodiment, at least three mounting grooves are machined on the outer circumference of the lower cylinder 9, and one righting block 10 is slidably installed in each mounting groove, and after installation, the righting block 10 and the mounting groove form a piston type hydraulic actuator 11. The piston type (also known as plunger type) hydraulic actuator 11 is well known to those skilled in the art, and therefore will not be described here.

[0027] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 , 2 As shown in the drawings, in this embodiment, the upper cylinder 3 is connected to the outside of the upper end of the lower cylinder 9, and the center pipe is connected to the inside of the upper end of the lower cylinder 9, and the annular space formed between the upper cylinder 3 and the center pipe is used to install the main piston 7 and provide sliding space for the main piston 7.

[0028] As shown in the drawings, Figure 2 , 4 , 5, in this embodiment, the electromagnetic reversing mechanism is installed in the inside of the upper cylinder 3, including the valve body 4 and the valve core 5. The valve body 4 is sequentially provided with the interface A, the interface B, the interface C, the interface D and the interface E from top to bottom, wherein the interface A communicates with the space above the valve body 4, the interface B communicates with the space below the upper sealing platform 6, the interface C communicates with the space outside the upper cylinder 3 as the initial inlet of pressure, the interface D communicates with the space above the main piston 7 as the final outlet of pressure, and the interface E communicates with the space above the valve body 4.

[0029] As shown in the drawings, Figure 4 or 5, in this embodiment, the valve body 4 is sequentially provided with the interface A, the interface B, the interface C, the interface D and the interface E from top to bottom, wherein the interface A communicates with the space above the valve body 4, the interface B communicates with the space below the upper sealing platform 6, the interface C communicates with the space outside the upper cylinder 3, the interface D communicates with the space above the main piston 7, and the interface E communicates with the space above the valve body 4.

[0030] It is important to note that adjacent interfaces need to be separated by a seal to ensure that each interface is independent. Specifically, multiple sealing rings can be spaced apart on the outer circumference of the valve body 4 to isolate the multiple interfaces arranged from top to bottom.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 2, in this embodiment, the upper end of the valve body 4 is provided with a first connecting pipe 15. The upper end of the first connecting pipe 15 is connected to the space above the valve body 4, that is, connected to interface A, and the lower end of the first connecting pipe 15 is connected to interface E. The lower end of the valve body 4 is provided with a second connecting pipe 14. The upper end of the second connecting pipe 14 is connected to interface B, and the lower end of the second connecting pipe 14 passes through the upper sealing platform 6 of the main piston 7 (which is in sliding sealing cooperation with the main piston 7) and is connected to the space below the upper sealing platform 6.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the main piston 7 is slidably disposed between the upper cylinder 3 and the central tube and located below the electromagnetic reversing mechanism. Hydraulic pressure from the outside of the upper cylinder 3 acts on the main piston 7 after passing through the electromagnetic reversing mechanism, enabling the main piston 7 to slide upward or downward. An upper sealing platform 6 and a lower sealing platform 8 are provided on the outside of the main piston 7. A fixed sealing ring 13 is provided between the upper sealing platform 6 and the lower sealing platform 8. The outer side of the fixed sealing ring 13 is fixedly and sealed to the upper cylinder 3, and the inner side of the fixed sealing ring 13 is slidably and sealed to the main piston 7. Hydraulic chambers are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the upper sealing platform 6, and both hydraulic chambers are connected to the hydraulic system where the electromagnetic reversing mechanism is located. By controlling the direction of the liquid in and out of the two hydraulic chambers, the main piston 7 can be driven to move upward or downward. The space below the lower sealing platform 8 is connected to the hydraulic channel, and the connected space is filled with hydraulic oil 12. After the main piston 7 moves, the volume change of the space below the lower sealing platform 8 causes the hydraulic actuator 11 to perform an action, thereby causing the straightening block 10 to slide radially along the lower cylinder 9.

[0033] It should be noted that during the relative sliding of the main piston 7 and the fixed sealing ring 13, a negative pressure will be formed in the air cavity under the fixed sealing ring 13, which will hinder the downward sliding of the lower sealing platform 8. In order to reduce this resistance, the air cavity under the fixed sealing ring 13 can be set to be large enough, for example, the axial dimension of the air cavity can be greater than the maximum stroke of the main piston 7. The larger the air cavity, the less obvious the above-mentioned resistance will be.

[0034] Through the above structural design, the present invention can change the position of the stabilizer block 10 without tripping the drill string, thereby achieving a variable diameter. This allows for more precise control of the drill bit's drilling direction during shale gas extraction, while significantly reducing the workload and promoting energy conservation, efficiency improvement, and quality enhancement in shale gas extraction, which aligns with the low-carbon and environmentally friendly requirements of oil fields.

[0035] In use, the stabilizer of the present application is installed at the lower end of the non-magnetic drill collar 1, and its working principle is as follows: 1. Before the electromagnetic reversing mechanism reverses, the path of hydraulic transmission is as follows: As shown in Figure 2 and 4 , the pressure from the drilling fluid passes through the upper cylinder 3 from the outside of the upper cylinder 3, enters the valve body 4 from the interface C, and then flows out from the interface D via the inside of the valve body 4. After flowing out, it passes through the communication hole on the valve core 5 to reach the space above the main piston 7 (as shown by the arrow in Figure 2 ), thereby pushing the main piston 7 to slide downward. After the main piston 7 slides downward, the lower sealing platform 8 at the lower end of the main piston 7 extrudes the hydraulic oil 12 in the space below it, and the hydraulic oil 12 pushes the stabilizing block 10 through the hydraulic passage and the hydraulic actuator 11, so that the stabilizing block 10 extends. By changing the pressure of the drilling fluid, the supporting force of the stabilizing block 10 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the extension length of the stabilizing block 10.

[0036] At the same time, the hydraulic oil 12 on the lower side of the upper sealing platform 6 is extruded and flows upward into the interface B via the second communication pipe 14, and then flows out from the interface A, and finally is discharged upward into the inside of the drill pipe.

[0037] 2. After the electromagnetic reversing mechanism reverses, the valve core 5 slides downward from the position shown in Figure 4 to the position shown in Figure 5 . Thereafter, the path of hydraulic transmission is as follows: As shown in Figure 2 and 5 , the pressure from the drilling fluid passes through the upper cylinder 3 from the outside of the upper cylinder 3, enters the valve body 4 from the interface C, and then flows out from the interface B via the inside of the valve body 4. After flowing out, it passes through the second communication pipe 14 to reach the hydraulic cavity on the lower side of the upper sealing platform 6, thereby pushing the main piston 7 to slide upward. After the main piston 7 slides upward, the lower sealing platform 8 at the lower end of the main piston 7 sucks the hydraulic oil 12 in the space below it upward, thereby causing the hydraulic actuator 11 to drive the stabilizing block 10, so that the stabilizing block 10 is retracted.

[0038] At the same time, the hydraulic oil 12 on the upper side of the upper sealing platform 6 is extruded and flows upward into the interface D via the communication hole on the valve body 4, and then flows out from the interface E. After flowing out, it passes through the corresponding communication hole on the valve body 4 and the first communication pipe 15, and finally is discharged upward into the inside of the drill pipe.

[0039] As shown in Figure 1 , in this embodiment, the electromagnetic reversing mechanism is powered by the storage battery 2 and is controlled by the ground remote control. In some embodiments, it can also be powered by the cable extending from the ground to the downhole.

Claims

1. An energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer, characterized in that, The application relates to a downhole drilling device, which comprises the following parts: a stabilizer block (10) capable of being supported on a well wall to limit the position of a drill bit in a wellbore; a lower cylinder (9) outside which the stabilizer block (10) is installed, a hydraulic passage and a hydraulic actuator (11) corresponding to the stabilizer block (10) being arranged in the lower cylinder (9), the hydraulic actuator (11) being driven to slide along the radial direction of the lower cylinder (9) by applying hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic actuator (11) through the hydraulic passage; an upper cylinder (3) and a central pipe, the upper cylinder (3) being connected to the outside of the upper end of the lower cylinder (9), and the central pipe being connected to the inside of the upper end of the lower cylinder (9); an electromagnetic reversing mechanism, which is installed in the inside of the upper cylinder (3) and comprises a valve body (4) and a valve core (5), the two parts together forming a two-position four-way reversing valve; a main piston (7), which is slidably arranged between the upper cylinder (3) and the central pipe and below the electromagnetic reversing mechanism; the outer side of the main piston (7) is provided with an upper sealing platform (6) and a lower sealing platform (8), a fixed sealing ring (13) being arranged between the upper sealing platform (6) and the lower sealing platform (8), the outer side of the fixed sealing ring (13) being fixedly and sealingly connected with the upper cylinder (3), the inner side of the fixed sealing ring (13) being slidably and sealingly connected with the main piston (7), the upper and lower sides of the upper sealing platform (6) being provided with hydraulic chambers, and the two hydraulic chambers being connected with a hydraulic system in which the electromagnetic reversing mechanism is arranged, the main piston (7) being driven to move upwards or downwards by controlling the in-and-out direction of liquid in the two hydraulic chambers; the space below the lower sealing platform (8) is communicated with the hydraulic passage, and the space formed by the communication is filled with hydraulic oil (12).

2. The energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least three installation grooves are formed on the outer circumference of the lower cylinder (9), and one stabilizer block (10) is slidably arranged in each installation groove, a piston-type hydraulic actuator (11) being formed between the stabilizer block (10) and the installation groove after installation.

3. The energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic reversing mechanism is powered by a storage battery (2) and controlled by ground remote control.

4. The energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic reversing mechanism is powered by a cable extending from the ground to the downhole.

5. The energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: An interface A, an interface B, an interface C, an interface D and an interface E are sequentially arranged on the valve body (4) from top to bottom, wherein the interface A is communicated with the space above the valve body (4), the interface B is communicated with the space below the upper sealing platform (6), the interface C is communicated with the space outside the upper cylinder (3), the interface D is communicated with the space above the main piston (7), and the interface E is communicated with the space above the valve body (4).

6. The energy-saving and environment-friendly deep well drilling tool stabilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first communication pipe (15) is arranged at the upper end of the valve body (4), the upper end of the first communication pipe (15) is communicated with the space above the valve body (4), and the lower end of the first communication pipe (15) is communicated with the interface E. A second communication pipe (14) is arranged at the lower end of the valve body (4), the upper end of the second communication pipe (14) is communicated with the interface B, and the lower end of the second communication pipe (14) is communicated with the space below the upper sealing platform (6) after penetrating through the upper sealing platform (6) of the main piston (7).

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