General cyclone feeding device, smelting furnace and sealed feeding method

Abstract

The application provides a universal cyclone feeding device, a smelting furnace and a sealed feeding method. The feeding device comprises a main body and an inner core. The main body has an inner cavity, and the inner core is coaxially arranged on the bottom surface of the inner cavity. The outer peripheral surface of the inner core and the inner peripheral surface of the inner cavity are inclined upward along the circumference of the main body, forming an annular ramp surface, and a sinking surface is formed between the top and bottom of the ramp surface. The main body has a liquid inlet channel that penetrates to the sinking surface, and the liquid inlet channel is connected to the smelting furnace through a high-pressure liquid pumping element, so that the liquid metal is discharged into the inner cavity in a high-pressure state, and then climbs up the ramp surface to form a cyclone state. The main body also has a return flow channel that penetrates to the inner core, so that the liquid metal carries the scrap metal raw material and finally discharges into the smelting furnace. The universal cyclone feeding device, the smelting furnace and the sealed feeding method provided by the application realize sealed feeding, ensure the stability of the furnace temperature, and improve the energy efficiency and environmental protection of the regenerated metal production.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of furnace feeding parts, and particularly relates to a universal cyclone feeding device, a smelting furnace and a sealed feeding method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Regenerated metal refers to a metal material prepared by taking waste metal products or production scraps as raw materials and through processes such as sorting, pretreatment, smelting, refining and alloying. The technology can greatly improve resource utilization, reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions caused by primary metal smelting, and is an important way to promote the green and low-carbon transformation of the metal industry and the development of circular economy.

[0003] In the prior art, smelting is the core link of regenerated metal recycling. Specifically, the metal raw material after pretreatment needs to be put into a smelting furnace, and the solid state is changed to a liquid state through high-temperature heating, and then the liquid metal is output for metallurgical treatment such as impurity removal and quality adjustment, and finally is cast into a shape. In the currently widely used feeding mode, the operator needs to frequently open the furnace door of the smelting furnace to directly put the crushed or packaged waste metal raw material into the furnace.

[0004] During the opening of the furnace door, the high-temperature environment in the furnace and the outside have strong heat exchange, resulting in a large amount of heat loss, which not only increases energy consumption, but also causes the smelting temperature to fluctuate, affecting the quality of the melt and the process stability. At the same time, there are environmental pollution and safety hazards, that is, at the moment when the furnace door is opened, the smoke and harmful gases accumulated in the furnace escape outward, polluting the workshop environment and posing a potential threat to the health of the operator. SUMMARY

[0005] The embodiments of the application provide a universal cyclone feeding device, a smelting furnace and a sealed feeding method, which are aimed at eliminating the process of opening the furnace door, realizing closed feeding, ensuring the stability of the temperature in the furnace, and thus improving the energy efficiency and environmental protection of regenerated metal production.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is:

[0007] A universal cyclone feeding device is provided, comprising:

[0008] a main body having an inner cavity for placing waste metal raw materials; and

[0009] an inner core in an annular structure coaxially arranged on the bottom surface of the inner cavity;

[0010] The bottom surface of the inner cavity is inclined upward along the circumference of the main body between the inner core and the inner wall of the inner cavity to form an annular ramp surface, and a sunken surface is formed between the top and bottom of the ramp surface;

[0011] The main body has a liquid inlet channel penetrating from the outer side to the sunken surface, which is communicated with the liquid outlet port of the smelting furnace through a high-pressure liquid pumping element, so that the liquid metal in the smelting furnace is input into the inner cavity and climbs along the ramp surface to form a cyclone state.

[0012] The main body also has a backflow channel penetrating from the outer side to the inner wall of the inner core, which is used for passing the liquid metal and scrap metal raw materials and is also used for communicating with the inside of the smelting furnace.

[0013] In a possible implementation, a booster flow channel is arranged on the inner wall of the inner core and is communicated with the liquid inlet channel, so that part of the liquid metal in the liquid inlet channel flows into the booster flow channel;

[0014] The outlet of the booster flow channel and the inlet of the backflow channel are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the inner core.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the main body has a top opening structure for passing the scrap metal raw materials;

[0016] A liquid level protection assembly is arranged in the inner cavity to prevent the liquid metal in the cyclone state from overflowing from the opening of the main body.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the liquid level protection assembly includes:

[0018] A sealing ring coaxially connected to the upper end of the main body and having a plurality of reserved holes arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction; and

[0019] A plurality of probe rods are inserted into the reserved holes one by one.

[0020] The signal output module of each probe rod is electrically connected to the control module of the high-pressure liquid pumping element through a control system, so that when the liquid surface in the inner cavity rises to one of the probe rods, the control system reduces the output efficiency of the high-pressure liquid pumping element or stops the high-pressure liquid pumping element.

[0021] In a possible implementation, an inspection opening is arranged on the outer wall of the main body and communicated with the liquid inlet channel, and a lower plug element is inserted into the inspection opening.

[0022] In a possible implementation, a liquid discharge opening is arranged on the outer wall of the main body and communicated with the inner cavity for passing the liquid metal, and an upper plug element is inserted into the liquid discharge opening.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the sunken surface is arranged in parallel with the central axis of the main body.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the main body is provided with a heat preservation layer, and the heat preservation layer is provided with an outer shell layer.

[0025] In the embodiment, the inner cavity is in communication with the inside of the smelting furnace through the liquid inlet channel and the backflow channel, forming a closed circulation passage, so that the scrap metal raw material can be continuously delivered into the furnace through the device without opening the furnace door. Specifically, the high-temperature liquid metal in the smelting furnace is input into the inner cavity by the high-pressure liquid pumping element and flows upward along the circumferential direction under the guidance of the slope surface to form a rotational flow. The rotational flow can not only preheat and preliminarily flush the scrap metal raw material put into the inner cavity, but also can be discharged downward at the center of the rotational flow to the inner core to wrap the raw material and return to the smelting furnace through the backflow channel, thereby realizing automatic feeding in a fully closed manner.

[0026] In the above process, the addition of the scrap metal raw material is completely isolated from the internal environment of the smelting furnace. On the one hand, the high-temperature gas and heat in the furnace will not be lost due to the opening of the furnace door, effectively avoiding the heat loss and temperature fluctuation caused by heat exchange in the traditional way, and ensuring the thermal stability of the smelting process and the quality of the metal melt. On the other hand, the smoke and harmful gas generated during the smelting process are completely enclosed in the system and can be treated by the matching purification system, completely eliminating the escape of harmful substances to the workshop environment.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the universal rotational flow feeding device provided in the embodiment converts the intermittent manual feeding which must be interrupted and the furnace door opened into continuous and closed mechanical automatic feeding. Not only the thermal efficiency is significantly improved and the energy consumption is reduced, but also the working environment is fundamentally improved and the safety hidden danger is eliminated. At the same time, the stable smelting temperature and the efficient rotational flow preheating are also conducive to improving the recovery rate of the recycled metal and the product quality, and comprehensively improving the energy efficiency, environmental protection and safety of the production process.

[0028] The technical scheme adopted in the application further provides a smelting furnace comprising the universal rotational flow feeding device proposed in any of the preceding embodiments.

[0029] The smelting furnace provided in the embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the universal rotational flow feeding device described above, and will not be described here again.

[0030] The technical scheme adopted in the application further provides a sealing type feeding method based on the universal rotational flow feeding device proposed in any of the preceding embodiments, comprising the following steps:

[0031] Preparing the scrap metal raw material to be fed;

[0032] Starting the high-pressure liquid pumping element to pump the liquid metal in the smelting furnace into the subsidence surface of the inner cavity through the liquid inlet channel, and making the liquid metal form a rotational flow under the guidance of the slope surface.

[0033] In the state of maintaining the liquid metal cyclone, the scrap metal raw material is placed into the inner cavity through a sealed feeding mechanism, so that the scrap metal raw material is contacted with and entrained by the cyclone;

[0034] The mixed flow of the entrained scrap metal raw material and the liquid metal returns to the inside of the smelting furnace through the backflow channel.

[0035] In the embodiment of the present application, the feeding device is connected with the inlet and outlet of the smelting furnace to form a circulation loop, so that the high-temperature liquid metal itself becomes a carrier and a closed medium for feeding. Specifically, the liquid metal is pumped into the ramp surface of the inner cavity by a high-pressure liquid pumping element, so that it forms a high-speed rotating liquid flow. This strong cyclone forms a dynamic and high-energy fluid barrier in the inner cavity, which not only serves as a conveying power, but also substantially blocks the direct gas exchange channel between the open inner cavity and the external environment.

[0036] In the implementation process of the above method, the scrap metal raw material is thrown from the open inner cavity and finally falls into the core of the cyclone. The raw material is instantaneously entrained and brought into the deep part of the liquid flow by the high-speed rotating high-temperature metal liquid, and its surface is quickly covered by the liquid metal. This process reduces the contact area and contact time of the raw material with air, greatly inhibiting the generation and oxidation of smoke and dust from the source. Subsequently, the raw material is directly transported back to the main cavity of the smelting furnace through the backflow channel at the bottom under the push of the cyclone, and is isolated from the workshop atmosphere throughout the process.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the sealed feeding method provided in the embodiment can perform feeding without frequently opening the furnace door. Specifically, the method uses the dynamic cyclone formed by the metal melt itself as the core sealing and conveying mechanism, and efficiently realizes the "functional closure" of smoke and heat through the physical barrier and rapid flooding effect caused by the cyclone, thereby significantly reducing the heat radiation loss and high-temperature metal oxidation caused by the wide opening of the furnace door during traditional feeding, improving the thermal efficiency and reducing the metal burning loss, and fundamentally curbing the unorganized diffusion of smoke and dust, thereby comprehensively improving the environmental protection and energy efficiency levels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creating any creative labor.

[0039] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the general cyclone feeding device provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 A sectional view of a general-purpose spiral-flow material passing device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 3 A sectional view of a general-purpose spiral-flow material passing device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle circle A;

[0042] Figure 4 A partial sectional view of a main body according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 5 A partial sectional view of a main body according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 6 A sectional view of a main body according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 7 A partial sectional view of a main body according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 8 A perspective view of a sealing ring according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 9 A sectional view of a general-purpose spiral-flow material passing device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 1, main body; 11, inner cavity; 12, liquid inlet channel; 13, backflow channel; 14, access hole; 15, discharge hole; 16, upper plug member; 17, heat preservation layer; 18, outer shell layer; 19, lower plug member; 2, inner core; 21, pressure boosting channel; 3, liquid level protection assembly; 31, sealing ring; 311, reserved hole; 32, probe rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0050] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0051] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0052] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0053] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 , the general type of cyclone material feeding device provided by the present application will be described. The general type of cyclone material feeding device proposed by the present application comprises a main body 1 and an inner core 2.

[0054] The main body 1 is used to be fixedly arranged outside the furnace body, which generally refers to a smelting furnace, or other furnaces used for converting solid metal into liquid metal and discharging, or the same function, other forms of processing containers (such as kilns, etc.).

[0055] The main body 1 has an inner cavity 11, which is used to place the scrap metal raw materials (solid metal and formula raw materials) in the actual use stage. Based on this, it needs to be pointed out that this placement method needs to ensure the full sealing of the inner cavity 11, and the specific implementation mode has two kinds: one is that the feeding area of the main body 1 has related components to prevent smoke from being discharged; the second is that when the component for placing the scrap metal raw materials is connected with the main body 1, it simultaneously plays a role of closing the feeding area of the main body 1.

[0056] In the present embodiment, the inner wall of the inner cavity 11 or the main body 1 as a whole is made of refractory material (specifically silicon carbide); this design enables it to withstand long-term erosion and chemical corrosion of high-temperature liquid metal. Moreover, a reinforcing layer is sleeved on the outer periphery of the main body 1, which is made of refractory anti-leakage material and plays a role of reinforcing and supporting the main body 1; its core function is to prevent metal solution leakage caused by damage to the main body 1.

[0057] The inner core 2 adopts an annular structure and is coaxially arranged on the bottom surface of the inner cavity 11.

[0058] The bottom surface of the inner cavity 11 extends upward along the circumferential direction of the main body 1 between the outer circumferential surface of the inner core 2 and the inner circumferential wall of the inner cavity 11 to form an annular ramp surface. Moreover, a sunken surface is formed between the top (i.e., the highest point) and the bottom (i.e., the lowest point) of the ramp surface.

[0059] The ramp surface is a flow guide structure that forms a rotational flow, i.e., when the liquid metal flows along the surface of the ramp surface, a tangential velocity component is generated to form a rotational flow.

[0060] The main body 1 has a liquid inlet channel 12 that penetrates from the outer side surface to the sunken surface. The liquid inlet channel 12 is connected to the liquid discharge port of the smelting furnace through a high-pressure liquid pumping element. Through this connection, the technical purpose of inputting the liquid metal in the smelting furnace to the inner cavity 11 can be achieved, and the input position is the sunken surface. Subsequently, the input high-temperature liquid metal is guided by the ramp surface to flow upward along the circumferential direction and form a rotational flow state.

[0061] Here, the high-pressure liquid pumping element generally refers to a high-pressure pump body that has high-temperature resistance and is connected to the liquid inlet channel 12 through a pipeline.

[0062] Moreover, along the input direction of the liquid metal, the inlet of the liquid inlet channel 12 is lower than the outlet, that is, the liquid input through the liquid inlet channel 12 has an initial upward velocity.

[0063] It should be noted that according to the principle of fluid mechanics, the liquid metal in the rotational flow state will not disappear in the air after moving upward to the top of the ramp surface; instead, due to space limitations and fluid continuity, the liquid metal will turn back to the center area of the inner cavity 11 to form a downward, spiral centripetal secondary flow or backflow; the secondary backflow can entrap and directionally transport the scrap metal raw material placed in the inner cavity 11 to the inner side area of the inner core 2.

[0064] The main body 1 also has a backflow channel 13 that penetrates from the outer side surface to the inner wall of the inner core 2, which is used for the passage of liquid metal and scrap metal raw material, and is also used for communication with the interior of the smelting furnace to enable the mixture passing through the backflow channel 13 to enter the smelting furnace. That is, the backflow channel 13 here is the path for the preheated and entrapped raw material to return to the main cavity of the smelting furnace.

[0065] Along the output direction of the mixture, the outlet of the backflow channel 13 is lower than the inlet, on the one hand to utilize the gravity of the mixture to ensure its discharge effect, and on the other hand to be the same as the downward flow direction of the liquid metal to avoid sudden changes in the flow rate of the liquid metal.

[0066] In the embodiment, the inner diameter of the liquid inlet channel 12 is smaller than the inner diameter of the return channel 13, which enables the return channel 13 to circulate the liquid metal and discharge the waste metal material into the furnace.

[0067] In the embodiment, the inner cavity 11 is in communication with the interior of the smelting furnace through the liquid inlet channel 12 and the return channel 13, forming a closed circulation path. Therefore, the waste metal material can be continuously delivered into the furnace through the device without opening the furnace door.

[0068] Specifically, the high-temperature liquid metal in the smelting furnace is pumped into the inner cavity 11 by the high-pressure liquid pumping element and flows upward along the circumferential direction under the guidance of the ramp surface to form a rotational flow. The rotational flow first preheats and preliminarily flushes the waste metal material put into the inner cavity 11. Then, the material is discharged into the inner core 2 area under the entrainment of the centripetal secondary return flow generated by the rotational flow, and finally returns to the smelting furnace through the return channel 13, thereby realizing fully-closed automatic feeding.

[0069] In the above process, the addition of the waste metal material is completely isolated from the internal environment of the smelting furnace.

[0070] On the one hand, the high-temperature gas and heat in the furnace will not be lost due to the opening of the furnace door, effectively avoiding the heat loss and temperature fluctuation caused by heat exchange in the traditional way, and ensuring the thermal stability of the smelting process and the quality of the metal melt.

[0071] On the other hand, the smoke and harmful gases generated during the smelting process are enclosed in the circulation system and can be treated by a matching purification system, completely eliminating the escape of harmful substances into the workshop environment.

[0072] The universal rotational flow feeding device provided in the embodiment converts the intermittent manual feeding that must be interrupted and the furnace door opened in the prior art into continuous and closed mechanical automatic feeding.

[0073] This not only significantly improves the thermal efficiency and reduces the energy consumption, but also fundamentally improves the working environment and eliminates the occupational health and safety hazards.

[0074] At the same time, stable smelting temperature and efficient rotational flow preheating are also conducive to improving the recovery rate of the recycled metal and the product quality, and comprehensively improving the energy efficiency, environmental protection and safety of the production process.

[0075] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 9 The inner wall of the inner core 2 is provided with a pressurization flow channel 21, which is in communication with the liquid inlet channel 12 to allow part of the liquid metal in the liquid inlet channel 12 to flow into the pressurization flow channel 21.

[0076] The outlet of the pressure boosting flow channel 21 and the inlet of the backflow cavity channel 13 are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the inner core 2.

[0077] This design causes a high-speed liquid flow to impact the inlet area of the backflow cavity channel 13 from the side, which on the one hand generates a local negative pressure at the lower part of the inner side of the inner core 2, thereby enhancing the entrainment force on the material; on the other hand, it can also impact the mixture entering the inner core 2, ensuring that the mixture can smoothly enter the backflow cavity channel 13.

[0078] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 , the main body 1 adopts an open-top structure for the passage of scrap metal raw materials.

[0079] The top of the main body 1 is provided with a fume hood, which forms a feeding space in communication with the inner cavity 11 with the main body 1.

[0080] In this embodiment, the fume hood is a key environmental protection component based on the principle of negative pressure capture. That is, when the main exhaust fan of the workshop is started, a stable low-pressure area can be formed inside the fume hood, which causes a continuous directional suction airflow to be generated at the open part of the fume hood. Based on this, a small amount of smoke and hot gas that may be emitted from the high-temperature metal cyclone surface will have its natural upward path covered and dominated by this stronger suction airflow, thereby being rapidly sucked into the fume hood (without being discharged through the opening of the main body 1) and transported to the centralized purification system for treatment through the pipeline.

[0081] Here, the actual role of the fume hood is that it and the metal cyclone structure forming a dynamic fluid barrier function as a "gas-liquid double barrier". Its core value is to ensure that the entire feeding process achieves near-zero visible smoke emission, completely eliminating harmful substances from entering the workshop environment, and ensuring the occupational health and safety of the operators.

[0082] The inner cavity 11 also has a liquid level protection component 3 to prevent the overflow of liquid metal in the cyclone state from the opening of the main body 1, thereby avoiding the accidental overflow of liquid metal due to the design of the opening and improving the safety of the device during actual use.

[0083] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 7 , the liquid level protection component 3 includes a sealing ring 31 and a plurality of probe rods 32.

[0084] The sealing ring 31 is coaxially connected to the upper end of the main body 1, and the sealing ring 31 has a plurality of reserved holes 311 arranged at intervals along the circumference thereof.

[0085] The plurality of probe rods 32 are inserted one by one into the plurality of reserved holes 311.

[0086] Wherein, the signal output module of each probe rod 32 is electrically connected with the control module of the high-pressure liquid pumping element through the control system; so that when the liquid level in the inner cavity 11 rises to trigger one of the probe rods 32, the control system can immediately reduce the output efficiency of the high-pressure liquid pumping element, or stop the high-pressure liquid pumping element, thereby actively preventing liquid overflow.

[0087] Generally, the benefits of setting multiple probe rods 32 include the following two aspects:

[0088] (1) When multiple probe rods 32 are at the same level, multiple probe rods 32 perform monitoring operations at the same time, ensuring the stability of the monitoring effect;

[0089] (2) When multiple probe rods 32 are at different levels, the lower probe rods 32 play a role in reducing the output efficiency of the high-pressure liquid pumping element, and the higher the probe rod 32, the greater the reduction, and the uppermost probe rod 32 plays a role in stopping the high-pressure liquid pumping element, achieving dynamic control of the amount of liquid metal in the inner cavity 11.

[0090] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , a maintenance opening 14 is provided on the outer wall of the main body 1 and communicates with the liquid inlet channel 12, and a lower plug element 19 is inserted into the maintenance opening 14.

[0091] By installing the lower plug element 19 to the maintenance opening 14, the maintenance opening 14 can be closed, which can avoid the design of the maintenance opening 14 affecting the process of inputting liquid metal into the inner cavity 11.

[0092] When maintaining the equipment, by removing the lower plug element 19, the maintenance opening 14 can be opened, thereby facilitating the inspection and cleaning of the inside of the liquid inlet channel 12.

[0093] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 7 , the outer wall of the main body 1 has a discharge opening 15 that communicates with the inner cavity 11, and the discharge opening 15 is used for the liquid metal in the inner cavity 11 to pass through.

[0094] And, the discharge opening 15 is inserted with an upper plug element 16.

[0095] By installing the upper plug element 16 to the discharge opening 15, the discharge opening 15 can be closed, which can avoid the design of the discharge opening 15 affecting the feeding process of the aforementioned scrap metal raw materials.

[0096] At the same time, when it is necessary to discharge the liquid metal in the furnace, the upper plug element 16 can be removed, thereby releasing the liquid metal through the discharge opening 15, playing a role in assisting or taking over the discharge of the furnace body.

[0097] In some embodiments, as shown inFigure 4 As shown, the sinking surface is arranged in parallel with the central axis of the main body 1.

[0098] By adopting the technical scheme, the liquid metal input by the self-advancing liquid cavity 12 can be uniformly distributed at the starting circumferential position of the ramp surface, laying a foundation for forming stable and symmetrical rotational flow.

[0099] In some embodiments, as shown, the outer periphery of the main body 1 is fixedly sleeved with a heat preservation layer 17. Figure 2

[0100] The outer periphery of the heat preservation layer 17 is fixedly sleeved with an outer shell layer 18.

[0101] The heat preservation layer 17 is made of nano thermal insulation material; compared with the refractory material of the main body 1, the heat preservation layer 17 has better heat insulation performance, and its core function is to reduce the heat loss of the high-temperature metal liquid in the inner cavity 11, and at the same time, to further protect the temperature of the main body 1.

[0102] The outer shell layer 18 is usually made of steel material and is a welded part of the mechanical structure; its main function is to provide a solid mechanical support and fixation for the entire device, and to serve as an interface for connecting with external equipment or a support frame.

[0103] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application also provide a smelting furnace comprising the universal rotational flow material feeding device proposed in any of the preceding embodiments.

[0104] The smelting furnace provided by the embodiments of the present application, since it integrates the universal rotational flow material feeding device, has the following beneficial effects mainly in the following aspects:

[0105] (I) By using the universal rotational flow material feeding device, a liquid metal circulation system in communication with the furnace body is formed. This scheme directly brings the following fundamental improvements:

[0106] Firstly, the smelting furnace realizes closed charging. Through the physical closed loop formed by the liquid inlet cavity 12, the inner cavity 11 and the return flow cavity 13, the entire addition process of the scrap metal raw material is completed inside the pipeline, without the need to open the main furnace door. This fundamentally eliminates the huge radiant heat loss and convective heat exchange caused by the opening of the furnace door during traditional manual feeding, so that the thermal environment inside the furnace remains highly stable. The significant improvement in thermal efficiency directly reduces the energy consumption per unit output, and the stable temperature environment is conducive to the accurate control of the melt quality.

[0107] ​Secondly, the design changes the feeding process from intermittent and heavy manual operation to continuous and automatic mechanical process. The conveying power of raw materials directly comes from the circulation of liquid metal in the furnace, without additional complex mechanical hands or conveying mechanisms, simplifying the system structure. This not only improves production efficiency, reduces labor cost and labor intensity, but also completely eliminates the safety and health risks of the operating personnel facing high temperature roasting and direct impact of smoke when the furnace door is opened.

[0108] Finally, the preheating and conveying mechanism based on the principle of cyclone brings additional benefits. The waste metal raw materials are wrapped and preheated by high-speed and high-temperature cyclone in the inner cavity 11 of the feeding device. This process reduces the temperature impact on the molten pool caused by the direct feeding of cold materials, and the grease and coating on the surface of the raw materials can be preliminarily pyrolyzed in this closed space, reducing the instantaneous exhaust load of the main furnace and optimizing the smelting process as a whole.

[0109] (II) By designing the top of the inner cavity 11 as an open structure, it is convenient to observe and feed the inner cavity 11. Based on this, the smoke hood set at the top of the inner cavity 11 can effectively capture the smoke escaping from the opening of the inner cavity 11 and introduce it into the exhaust system of the workshop, ensuring that the environmental protection effect of nearly zero emission can be achieved even at the moment of feeding, and ensuring the environmental protection level of the furnace body.

[0110] (III) Through the linkage control of the probe rod 32 and the high-pressure liquid pumping element, the metal liquid level in the inner cavity 11 can be monitored and automatically limited in real time, which fundamentally prevents the major safety risk of liquid metal overflowing from the opening due to control failure, greatly improving the safety level of the furnace body feeding process.

[0111] (IV) By setting the access hole 14 on the main part 1, and cooperating with the pluggable lower plug part 19, a convenient channel is provided for daily maintenance and fault diagnosis of the equipment, improving the maintainability and operation flexibility of the equipment.

[0112] (V) By setting the flow discharge port 15 on the main part 1, and cooperating with the pluggable upper plug part 16, a liquid outlet channel is provided for the furnace body to discharge, so that the above-mentioned device can not only realize feeding, but also realize discharging, ensuring the integrity of the furnace body is not damaged.

[0113] (VI) By setting the sinking surface parallel to the central axis of the main part 1, the flow field distribution in the inner cavity 11 can be optimized, which helps to form a more stable and symmetrical cyclone, thereby ensuring the uniformity and smoothness of the furnace body feeding process.

[0114] (VII) By setting the heat preservation layer 17 and the outer shell layer 18 wrapped outside the main part 1, a key external protection structure is formed.

[0115] The heat preservation layer 17 maximally reduces heat loss of the material passing device itself, further consolidates the energy saving effect of the furnace body, and controls the outer surface temperature of the main body 1 within a safe range. In addition, the shell layer 18 provides a solid mechanical support and protection for the whole device, ensures the long-term structural stability and durability of the device in a high-temperature and heavy-load industrial environment, and indirectly improves the stability of the smelting furnace during operation.

[0116] In summary, the smelting furnace provided by the application integrates the aforementioned material passing device and combines a series of optimization and protection features to form a high-efficiency, energy-saving, safe, environmentally friendly and reliable renewable metal smelting production system.

[0117] Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides a sealed feeding method based on the general-purpose cyclone material passing device proposed in any of the preceding embodiments, which comprises the following steps:

[0118] Preparing the scrap metal raw material to be fed.

[0119] Starting the high-pressure liquid pumping element to pump the liquid metal in the smelting furnace to the sinking surface of the inner cavity 11 through the liquid inlet channel 12, and making the liquid metal form a cyclone under the guidance of the slope surface.

[0120] In the state of maintaining the cyclone of the liquid metal, the scrap metal raw material is placed into the inner cavity 11 through a sealed feeding mechanism, so that the scrap metal raw material is in contact with and wrapped by the cyclone.

[0121] The mixed flow of the wrapped scrap metal raw material and the liquid metal returns to the inside of the smelting furnace through the backflow channel 13; finally, the high-pressure liquid pumping element is selectively closed according to the user's needs.

[0122] Generally, the high-pressure liquid pumping element does not need to be closed to ensure the continuous operation of the feeding system.

[0123] In the application, the material passing device is connected with the liquid inlet and outlet of the smelting furnace to form a circulation loop, so that the high-temperature liquid metal itself becomes a carrier and a closed medium for feeding.

[0124] Specifically, the liquid metal is pumped into the slope surface of the inner cavity 11 by the high-pressure liquid pumping element to form a high-speed rotating liquid flow; this powerful cyclone forms a dynamic and high-energy fluid barrier in the inner cavity 11, which not only serves as a conveying power, but also substantially blocks the direct gas exchange channel between the open end of the inner cavity 11 and the external environment.

[0125] In the implementation process of the above method, the scrap metal raw material is thrown from the open end of the inner cavity 11 and finally falls into the core of the cyclone; the raw material is instantly wrapped and taken into the deep part of the liquid flow by the high-speed rotating high-temperature metal liquid, and its surface is quickly covered by the liquid metal.

[0126] This process makes the contact area and contact time of raw materials with air extremely low, greatly inhibiting the generation and oxidation of smoke from the source; then, the raw materials are directly transported back to the main cavity of the smelting furnace by the backflow channel 13 at the bottom under the push of the cyclone, completely isolating the contact with the workshop atmosphere.

[0127] The sealed feeding method provided by the embodiment does not need to frequently open the furnace door for feeding compared with the prior art.

[0128] Specifically, the method uses the dynamic cyclone formed by the metal melt itself as the core sealing and conveying mechanism; although it does not use a physical cover plate for absolute sealing, it efficiently realizes the "functional closure" of flue gas and heat through the physical barrier and rapid flooding effect caused by the cyclone.

[0129] This significantly reduces the heat radiation loss and high-temperature metal oxidation caused by the wide opening of the furnace door during traditional feeding, thereby improving the thermal efficiency, reducing the metal burning loss, and fundamentally curbing the unorganized diffusion of smoke, thereby comprehensively improving the environmental protection and energy efficiency levels without significantly increasing the mechanical complexity.

[0130] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A general-purpose spiral flow material passage device characterized by comprising: include: The main body has an inner cavity for inserting scrap metal raw materials; as well as The inner core adopts a ring structure and is coaxially arranged on the bottom surface of the inner cavity; Between the inner core and the inner wall of the inner cavity, the bottom surface of the inner cavity extends upward along the circumference of the main body to form an annular ramp surface, and a sunken surface is formed between the top and bottom of the ramp surface; The main body has a liquid inlet channel extending from its outer side to the sunken surface. The liquid inlet channel is connected to the drain port of the smelting furnace through a high-pressure pumping element, so that the liquid metal in the smelting furnace is input into the inner cavity and rises with the ramp surface in a swirling state. The main body also has a reflux cavity extending from its outer side to the inner wall of the inner core. The reflux cavity is used for the passage of liquid metal and scrap metal raw materials, and is also used to communicate with the interior of the smelting furnace. A pressurized flow channel is provided on the inner wall of the inner core, and the pressurized flow channel is connected to the liquid inlet channel so that part of the liquid metal in the liquid inlet channel can flow in. The outlet of the pressurized flow channel and the inlet of the return flow channel are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the inner core.

2. The universal flow-through material applicator of claim 1, wherein, The main body adopts a top-opening structure to allow the waste metal raw materials to pass through; A smoke collection hood is provided on the top of the main body, and a feeding space communicating with the inner cavity is formed between the smoke collection hood and the main body; The inner cavity is also equipped with a liquid level protection component to prevent the liquid metal in a swirling state from overflowing from the opening of the main body.

3. The universal flow-through material applicator of claim 2, wherein, The liquid level protection component includes: A sealing ring, coaxially connected to the upper end of the main body, has a plurality of pre-drilled holes spaced apart circumferentially thereon; and Multiple probes are inserted into the multiple pre-drilled holes one by one; Each of the probes has a signal output module that is electrically connected to the control module of the high-pressure pumping element through a control system. When the liquid level in the inner cavity rises to one of the probes, the control system reduces the output efficiency of the high-pressure pumping element or stops the high-pressure pumping element.

4. The universal flow-through material applicator of claim 1, wherein, The outer wall of the main body is provided with an inspection port that communicates with the liquid inlet channel, and a lower plug is inserted into the inspection port.

5. The universal flow-through material applicator of claim 1, wherein, The outer wall of the main body has a discharge port that communicates with the inner cavity and is used to allow liquid metal to pass through, and an upper plug is inserted into the discharge port.

6. The universal flow-through material applicator of claim 1, wherein, The sunken surface is arranged parallel to the central axis of the main body.

7. The universal flow-through material applicator of claim 1, wherein, An insulation layer is fixedly fitted around the outer periphery of the main body, and an outer shell layer is fixedly fitted around the outer periphery of the insulation layer.

8. A smelting furnace, characterized in that The general-purpose rotary feeding device includes any one of claims 1-7.

9. A method of sealed feeding, based on the universal cyclone feeder according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Prepare scrap metal raw materials for loading; The high-pressure pumping element is activated to pump the liquid metal in the smelting furnace through the inlet channel to the sinking surface of the inner cavity, and the liquid metal forms a swirling flow under the guidance of the ramp surface; While maintaining the liquid metal swirling state, the waste metal raw material is placed into the inner cavity through a sealed feeding mechanism, so that the waste metal raw material comes into contact with the swirling flow and is entrained by it; The mixed flow of the entrained waste metal raw material and the liquid metal is returned to the interior of the smelting furnace through the reflux channel.

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