Track vibration energy collecting device

Abstract

The invention relates to a track vibration energy collection device. The collection device comprises a chiral paper folding assembly and a power generation assembly. The chiral paper folding assembly comprises chiral folded paper and a first end plate, one end of the chiral folded paper is used for making contact with the track, and the other end of the chiral folded paper is connected with the first end plate and used for driving the first end plate to rotate when the chiral folded paper is compressed by the track. The power generation assembly comprises a magnetic part and a coil, one of the magnetic part and the coil is connected with the first end plate, and the coil is used for outputting electric energy when rotating relative to the magnetic part. According to the track vibration energy collecting device, the inherent torsion characteristic of compression / rebounding of chiral paper folding is utilized, low-frequency linear vibration of the track is efficiently and reliably converted into high-frequency rotary motion, and electric energy is output through the power generation assembly. The track vibration energy collecting device is compact in structure and stable and reliable in operation, can be installed below a track in a modularized and arrayed mode, fully utilizes idle space and converts vibration of the track into clean electric energy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the field of power supply, in particular to a track vibration energy harvesting device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Vibration energy widely exists in the environment, which is a renewable and widely distributed clean energy. Through energy harvesting technology, it can be effectively converted into electrical energy to provide continuous and stable power support for wireless sensor networks (WSN) and wearable devices.

[0003] Among various energy conversion mechanisms that can be used for vibration energy harvesting, including electromagnetic, piezoelectric and triboelectric effects, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has attracted widespread attention due to its simple structure, high output voltage and other advantages. In contrast, the conventional electromagnetic generator (EMG) has a higher output current but a lower voltage. Due to the complementarity of TENG and EMG in output characteristics, the integration of the two is expected to achieve more efficient energy conversion. Although significant progress has been made in vibration energy harvesting technology in recent years, it still faces many challenges in practical applications.

[0004] Limited by a single working mechanism, traditional vibration energy harvesting devices are prone to energy dissipation in the mechanical energy conversion process, such as reducing output efficiency due to heat dissipation or nonlinear deformation. At the same time, many devices rely on elastic elements such as springs and cantilever beams to achieve vibration response, but are prone to mechanical fatigue and performance degradation in long-term working state, affecting system reliability. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a novel track vibration energy harvesting device.

[0006] To this end, the present disclosure provides a track vibration energy harvesting device, comprising:

[0007] A chiral origami assembly, comprising a chiral origami and a first end plate, one end of the chiral origami being used to contact a track, and the other end being connected to the first end plate for rotating the first end plate when compressed by the track;

[0008] A power generation assembly, comprising a magnetic piece and a coil, one of the magnetic piece and the coil being connected to the first end plate, and the coil being used to output electrical energy when rotating relative to the magnetic piece.

[0009] The track vibration energy harvesting device further comprises a transmission assembly, the transmission assembly comprising:

[0010] a first transmission gear connected to the first end plate;

[0011] a second transmission gear engaged with the first transmission gear, the second transmission gear connected to the magnetic member for driving the magnetic member to rotate relative to the coil, the second transmission gear connected to the magnetic member through a one-way bearing.

[0012] The track vibration energy harvesting device further comprises a pair of the power generation assemblies, the transmission assembly comprises a pair of the second transmission gears, a pair of the transmission gears connected to the first transmission gear and connected to the magnetic members of a pair of the power generation assemblies respectively.

[0013] The transmission assembly further comprises a reversing gear connected to the first transmission gear and one of the pair of the second transmission gears, the first end plate drives a pair of the magnetic members to rotate at the same linear speed and in opposite directions through the first transmission gear, the second transmission gear and the reversing gear.

[0014] The magnetic member comprises a frame comprising a base and a plurality of magnetic disks arranged in a circumferential direction and connected to the base, the frame connected to the second transmission gear through the one-way bearing, the base rotatably connected to the frame, a first magnet with a top N-pole and a bottom S-pole and a second magnet with a top S-pole and a bottom N-pole, the first magnet and the second magnet arranged in the magnetic disks and alternately arranged in the circumferential direction.

[0015] The power generation assembly comprises a plurality of coils arranged in a circumferential direction and corresponding to the first magnet and the second magnet.

[0016] The track vibration energy harvesting device further comprises a housing comprising an upper cover and a bottom box, the first transmission gear rotatably connected to the upper cover, the second transmission gear and the power generation assembly located in a cavity formed by the upper cover and the bottom box.

[0017] The chiral origami assembly further comprises a second end plate connected to the opposite end of the chiral origami relative to the second end plate for contacting the track.

[0018] The track vibration energy harvesting device further comprises a nanogenerator located in a cavity formed by the first end plate, the chiral origami and the second end plate.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the track vibration energy harvesting device utilizes the inherent torsional characteristics of chiral origami compression / rebound to efficiently and reliably convert low-frequency linear vibration of the track into high-frequency rotary motion, and outputs electric energy through the power generation assembly. The track vibration energy harvesting device is compact in structure, stable and reliable in operation, and can be installed under the track in a modular and arrayed manner, thereby fully utilizing the idle space and converting the vibration of the track into clean electric energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a track vibration energy harvesting device.

[0022] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a track vibration energy harvesting device in an exploded state.

[0023] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a chiral origami assembly and a nanogenerator in an exploded state.

[0024] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a transmission assembly.

[0025] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a power generation assembly.

[0026] Main element symbol explanation:

[0027] 10-chiral origami assembly; 11-second end plate; 12-chiral origami; 13-first end plate;

[0028] 20-housing; 21-upper cover; 22-bottom box;

[0029] 30-nanogenerator;

[0030] 40-transmission assembly; 41-first transmission gear; 42-second transmission gear; 43-reversing gear; 44-transmission shaft; 45-one-way bearing;

[0031] 50-power generation assembly; 51-frame; 52-magnetic disk; 53-first magnet; 54-second magnet; 55-base; 56-coil.

[0032] The following specific embodiments will further illustrate the present disclosure in conjunction with the above drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the present disclosure is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. In the following description, a large number of specific details are described in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present disclosure, and the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs. The terms used in the specification herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0035] In various embodiments, in order to facilitate the description without limiting the present disclosure, the term "connected" used in the patent application specification and claims of the present disclosure is not limited to physical or mechanical connection, but can include electrical connection, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "below", "left", "right", and the like are only used to represent relative positional relationships, which change accordingly when the absolute position of the described object changes.

[0036] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a track vibration energy harvesting device, Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a track vibration energy harvesting device in a disassembled state. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The track vibration energy harvesting device is used to convert the vibration of the track into electrical energy output, so as to power the sensor. The track vibration energy harvesting device includes a chiral origami assembly 10, a nanogenerator 30, a transmission assembly 40, a power generation assembly 50 and a shell 20. The chiral origami assembly 10 is used to convert the vibration of the track into rotation, which drives the power generation assembly 50 to output electrical energy through the transmission assembly 40. The nanogenerator 30 is used to output corresponding electrical signals for the received vibration, and to collect corresponding vibration signals.

[0037] The shell 20 includes an upper cover 21 and a bottom box 22, which can be buckled together to form a closed cavity. In the present embodiment, the box body is arranged below the origami assembly, and is used to accommodate the transmission assembly 40 and the power generation assembly 50.

[0038] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a chiral origami assembly 10 and a nanogenerator 30 in a disassembled state. As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the chiral origami assembly 10 comprises a chiral origami 12, a first end plate 13 and a second end plate 11. The second end plate 11 is in contact with the track, and the first end plate 13 and the second end plate 11 are respectively located at both ends of the chiral origami 12, and the first end plate 13 is driven to rotate by the chiral origami 12 in the process of stretching and contracting.

[0039] Chirality refers to the property of an object that cannot coincide with its mirror image, like left and right hands that are mirror images of each other but cannot completely overlap. Applying this chiral property to the design of origami can create mechanical structures with unique deformation and motion characteristics. The chiral origami 12 has rotational symmetry and a specific geometric arrangement, and after folding, it forms a right-handed or left-handed geometric shape that can convert deformation into rotational deformation when subjected to axial force.

[0040] The first end plate 13 and the second end plate 11 are generally flat plate structures, respectively arranged at both ends of the chiral origami 12, wherein the first end plate 13 is located at the bottom end of the chiral origami 12 for outputting rotational motion, and the second end plate 11 is arranged at the top end of the chiral origami 12 for contacting the track and conducting vibrations from the track to the chiral origami 12.

[0041] In this embodiment, the chiral origami 12, the first end plate 13 and the second end plate 11 form a cavity, and the nanogenerator 30 can be arranged in the cavity. The shape of the nanogenerator 30 is consistent with the shape of the cavity, and the middle part is made of a multi-layer composite elastic porous material, the upper surface is attached to a first electrode layer (preferably aluminum foil or other metal foil), and the lower surface is firmly attached to a friction layer (preferably polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film or other negative polymer film). The lower surface of the friction layer is attached to a second electrode layer (preferably aluminum foil or other metal foil), and the first electrode layer, the elastic porous material, the friction layer and the second electrode layer together form the working part of the friction nanogenerator 30. The elastic porous material and the friction layer form a friction pair in a contact-separation mode. The electrical signal triggered by the porous material can feedback information such as the strength, frequency and duration of the track. By integrating the nanogenerator 30 in the chiral origami assembly 10, the axial flexibility of the chiral origami 12 can be effectively improved, the vibration impact caused by the train passing through can be buffered, and the adverse effects of the energy harvesting device itself on the track structure can be significantly reduced.

[0042] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a transmission assembly 40. As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4 The transmission assembly 40 is used to transmit the rotational motion of the first end plate 13 to the power generation assembly 50 to output electric energy. Specifically, the transmission assembly 40 comprises a first transmission gear 41, a second transmission gear 42 and a reversing gear 43. The first transmission gear 41 is rotatably connected to the upper cover 21, and the upper end surface is fixedly connected to the first end plate 13 of the origami assembly, and can be driven to rotate by the first end plate 13.

[0043] The second transmission gears 42 and the power generation assemblies 50 are located in the cavity formed by the upper cover 21 and the bottom box 22. The second transmission gears 42 are engaged with the first transmission gears 41, and the second transmission gears 42 are connected with the magnetic members for driving the magnetic members to rotate relative to the coils 56. In the embodiment, the number of the second transmission gears 42 is one pair, which are respectively arranged on the two sides of the first transmission gears 41 and are rotationally connected with the box body. The reversing gears 43 are arranged between one of the pair of second transmission gears 42 and the first transmission gears 41, for changing the rotation direction of the second reversing gears 43. Specifically, the first transmission gears 41 are directly engaged with one of the second transmission gears 42, and the first transmission gears 41 are engaged with the other second transmission gear 42 through the reversing gears 43. Each of the pair of second reversing gears 43 is connected with one of the power generation assemblies 50 through the transmission shaft 44 and the one-way bearing 45, for driving the power generation assembly 50 to output electric energy. In this way, by using the inherent torsional characteristics of the chiral origami 12 compression / rebound, combined with the transmission ratio of the transmission assembly 40, the linear vibration of the track at low frequency is efficiently and reliably converted into high-frequency rotary motion to output electric energy.

[0044] Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of the power generation assembly 50. As shown in Figure 2 and 5 The track vibration energy harvesting device includes a pair of power generation assemblies 50, and a pair of second transmission gears 42 are connected with the first transmission gears 41, and each second transmission gear 42 is connected with one of the power generation assemblies 50. The first end plate 13 drives a pair of magnetic members to perform rotary motion with the same linear speed and opposite rotation directions through the first transmission gears 41, the second transmission gears 42 and the reversing gears 43. The power generation assembly 50 includes a magnetic member and a coil 56, one of the magnetic member and the coil 56 is connected with the first end plate 13, and the coil 56 is used to output electric energy when rotating relative to the magnetic member.

[0045] The magnetic member includes a frame body 51 and a plurality of first magnets 53 and second magnets 54. The frame body 51 includes a base 55 and a plurality of magnetic disks 52 arranged in the circumferential direction and connected with the base 55. The middle part of the frame body 51 is a circular ring, and the circular ring is connected with a plurality of cantilever arms extending in the radial direction, and the end of the cantilever arm is provided with the magnetic disk 52, and the whole frame body 51 forms a radial structure. The base 55 is arranged on the bottom box 22 and rotationally connected with the circular ring in the middle part of the frame body 51, for supporting the frame body 51. The circular ring in the middle part is connected with one end of the connecting shaft through the one-way bearing 45, and the other end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the second transmission gear 42, so that the second transmission gear 42 can drive the whole frame body 51 to rotate in one direction. Through the cooperation of the reversing gears 43 and the one-way bearings 45, the torsion of the chiral origami 12 is converted into the rotary motion of the two magnets with opposite directions and the same rotation speed, which avoids the reverse driving loss of the generator, and prolongs the rotation time by using the magnetic force coupling between the magnets, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of electromagnetic power generation.

[0046] The top end of the first magnet 53 is N-pole and the bottom end is S-pole (as shown in the filled pattern magnet), the top end of the second magnet 54 is S-pole and the bottom end is N-pole, and the first magnet 53 and the second magnet 54 are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the disk 52. That is, along the circumferential direction, the first magnet 53 and the second magnet 54 are arranged at intervals. Correspondingly, the power generation assembly 50 includes a plurality of coils 56, and the coils 56 are arranged along the circumferential direction and correspond to the first magnet 53 and the second magnet 54. Figure 5

[0047] When the train passes, the track vibration is caused, the vibration is transmitted to the second end plate 11 of the chiral origami assembly 10, the second end plate 11 is pressed and moves downward, and the chiral origami 12 is axially compressed, and due to the special chiral geometric design, the first end plate 13 rotates relative to the second end plate 11, and drives the first transmission gear 41 to rotate.

[0048] The first transmission gear 41 drives the synchronous belt to drive a second transmission gear 42 to rotate, and simultaneously drives another second transmission gear 42 to rotate through the reversing gear 43. Each second transmission gear 42 drives the two magnetic disks 52 on the two sides to rotate through the transmission shaft 44 and the one-way bearing 45. Under the action of the reversing gear 43, the linear velocities of the two magnetic disks 52 are the same, but the rotational speeds are opposite.

[0049] The rotating first magnet 53 and the second magnet 54 produce relative motion with the fixed coil 56 below, and continuously cut the magnetic induction lines. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, an induced electromotive force is generated in the coil 56, and the conversion from mechanical energy to electrical energy is realized. When the chiral origami 12 rebounds and drives the first transmission gear 41 to reverse, since the one-way bearings 45 are not working, the two second transmission gears 42 are idling and do not transmit power.

[0050] On the other hand, when the track compresses the second end plate 11, a downward force is applied to the chiral origami 12, so that the chiral origami 12 is compressed, and the compression force causes the elastic porous material layer and the PTFE friction layer inside the nanogenerator 30 to be in close contact. Due to the difference in electronegativity of the materials, electrons are transferred from the porous elastomer layer to the PTFE layer, so that the two surfaces are respectively charged with equal and opposite static charges; when the track vibration weakens or disappears, because the chiral origami 12 and the nanogenerator 30 both have elastic restoring force, the two friction layers are separated. During the separation process, the electrostatic charges between the two electrode layers generate a potential difference, which drives free electrons to flow between the upper and lower electrodes through an external circuit to form an electric current, realizing the conversion from mechanical energy to electrical energy. At the same time, the waveform (such as peak value, frequency, pulse number) of the electric signal can reflect the intensity, frequency and duration of the track vibration and other information.

[0051] ​The track vibration energy harvesting device utilizes the inherent torsional characteristics of the chiral origami 12 compression / rebound to efficiently and reliably convert the low-frequency linear vibration of the track into high-frequency rotary motion, and output electrical energy through the power generation assembly 50. The track vibration energy harvesting device is compact in structure, stable and reliable in operation, and can be installed modularly and arrayed under the track, making full use of the idle space to convert the vibration of the track into clean electrical energy. Through the composite power generation mechanism, self-power supply is realized, and long-distance power supply wires or external power supply / battery replacement are not needed, greatly reducing the difficulty, complexity and long-term maintenance cost of arranging the distributed sensing network, and improving the economy and sustainability of the intelligent rail transit system.

[0052] In the several embodiments provided in the present disclosure, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present disclosure. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended to include all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims. In addition, it is clear that the word "comprise" does not exclude other units or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. The words "first", "second" and the like are used to indicate names, not any particular order.

[0053] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure and not limit the present disclosure, and although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present disclosure can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A rail vibration energy harvesting device, characterized by, The application relates to a chiral origami component, a power generation component, a transmission component, a housing, and a nanometer power generator. The chiral origami component comprises a chiral origami and a first end plate, one end of the chiral origami is used for contacting a track, and the other end is connected with the first end plate and used for driving the first end plate to rotate when the chiral origami is compressed by the track. The power generation component comprises a magnetic piece and a coil, one of the magnetic piece and the coil is connected with the first end plate, and the coil is used for outputting electric energy when the coil rotates relative to the magnetic piece.

2. The track vibration energy harvesting device of claim 1, wherein, The transmission component comprises a first transmission gear connected with the first end plate, a second transmission gear meshed with the first transmission gear, and the second transmission gear is connected with the magnetic piece and used for driving the magnetic piece to rotate relative to the coil. The second transmission gear is connected with the magnetic piece through a one-way bearing. A pair of the power generation components are included, the transmission component comprises a pair of the second transmission gears, and a pair of transmission gears are connected with the first transmission gear and respectively connected with the magnetic pieces of the pair of the power generation components.

3. The track vibration energy harvesting device of claim 2, wherein, The transmission component further comprises a reversing gear connected with the first transmission gear and one of the pair of the second transmission gears, and the first end plate drives the pair of the magnetic pieces to rotate at the same linear speed and in opposite directions through the first transmission gear, the second transmission gear and the reversing gear.

4. The track vibration energy harvesting device of claim 3, wherein, The magnetic piece comprises a frame body comprising a base and a plurality of magnetic disks arranged in a circumferential direction and connected with the base, the frame body is connected with the second transmission gear through the one-way bearing, and the base is rotatably connected with the frame body.

5. The track vibration energy harvesting device of claim 4, wherein, The magnetic piece further comprises a first magnet with a top N-pole and a bottom S-pole and a second magnet with a top S-pole and a bottom N-pole, and the first magnet and the second magnet are arranged on the magnetic disks and alternately arranged in the circumferential direction.

6. The track vibration energy harvesting device of claim 3, wherein, The power generation component comprises a plurality of coils arranged in the circumferential direction and corresponding to the first magnet and the second magnet. The housing comprises an upper cover and a bottom box, the first transmission gear is rotatably connected with the upper cover, and the second transmission gear and the power generation component are located in a cavity formed by the upper cover and the bottom box. The chiral origami component further comprises a second end plate connected with the end of the chiral origami opposite to the second end plate and used for contacting the track.

7. The track vibration energy harvesting device of claim 6, wherein, The nanometer power generator is located in a cavity formed by the first end plate, the chiral origami and the second end plate.

8. The track vibration energy harvesting device of claim 7, wherein, ​ 9. The track vibration energy harvesting device of claim 1, wherein, ​ 10. The track vibration energy harvesting device of claim 9, wherein, ​

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