Device for reducing surface slag rate by self-adaption to flow characteristics of lead alloy

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lead alloy casting, in particular to a self-adaptive lead alloy flow characteristic surface slag rate reducing device which comprises a melting cavity, a buffer tank body, a height adjusting mechanism and a mold conveying assembly. A heat-resistant coating is sprayed on the inner wall of the melting cavity, and exhaust holes and one-way valves are arranged at the top A partition plate is arranged in the buffer tank body to form an independent liquid flow channel, and a bottom outlet pipeline is provided with a throttle valve; the height adjusting mechanism adjusts the distance between the buffering groove body and the mold through a cylinder; the mold conveying assembly drives the molds to be stably conveyed through a chain. Turbulence is reduced through the partition plate, flow is dynamically adjusted through the throttling valve, melt is guided to be stably filled through the guide plate, generation of oxides and impurities is effectively reduced, the problems of bubbles and entrainment are solved, and the casting quality and the production efficiency are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of lead alloy casting, in particular to a device for reducing surface slag rate by self-adapting lead alloy flow characteristics. BACKGROUND

[0002] The so-called lead alloy casting refers to a production process of processing lead alloy into a specific shape through a smelting and casting process. In this process, the generation of surface slag has a certain influence on product quality, especially the problems of bubbles, oxides and impurity inclusion are more obvious. In the casting link, the instability of the lead alloy flow characteristics is easy to cause the increase of the surface slag, thereby causing adverse effects on the appearance quality and mechanical properties of the product.

[0003] Through retrieval, the Chinese patent document CN111595150B discloses a lead alloy smelting device, which reduces the generation of oxidized slag by controlling the smelting temperature. However, this technical solution mainly focuses on the smelting stage and does not involve the optimization of key parameters such as the size of the outlet pipe of the buffer tank and the height of the pipe from the mold in the casting process. In the prior art, the adjustment mechanism of these parameters still has defects, which may cause uneven flow of alloy liquid and further increase the generation of surface slag. The above situation shows that, in view of the demand for optimization of lead alloy flow characteristics and reduction of surface slag rate, the equipment design still needs to be further improved to improve product quality and production efficiency. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the application provides a device for reducing surface slag rate by self-adapting lead alloy flow characteristics.

[0005] The device for reducing surface slag rate by self-adapting lead alloy flow characteristics provided by the application comprises: a molten cavity, which is provided with a liquid inlet pipe and at least one liquid outlet pipe, and is provided with an exhaust hole at the top, and the molten cavity is used for accommodating lead alloy molten liquid; a buffer tank, which is arranged below the molten cavity and is in communication with the molten cavity through the at least one liquid outlet pipe, at least one partition plate is arranged at equal intervals along the length direction inside the buffer tank, independent liquid flow channels are formed between the partition plates, overflow ports are arranged on the upper part of the partition plates, and at least one outlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the buffer tank, and each outlet pipe is provided with an adjustable throttle valve; a height adjusting mechanism, which is arranged at the bottom of the buffer tank and is used for adjusting the distance between the buffer tank and the mold; and a mold conveying assembly, which comprises a conveying mechanism and a mold support, the conveying mechanism is connected with a driving shaft through a chain wheel, and the mold support is arranged on the conveying mechanism.

[0006] Further, the throttle valve comprises a valve body, a valve core and a handle, the valve body is fixedly connected with the outlet pipe and the inner wall of the buffer groove body through threads at both ends respectively, the valve core is located inside the valve body and connected with the handle, and the valve body is internally provided with a sealing ring.

[0007] Further, the handle is connected with the top of the buffer groove body through threads, and the rotation angle of the handle is linearly related to the moving distance of the valve core.

[0008] Further, the height adjusting mechanism comprises at least one guide component, at least one support column and at least one air cylinder, the at least one guide component is fixed to the bottom of the buffer groove body, one end of the support column is slidingly connected with the guide component, the other end is in contact with the ground, and the at least one air cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the buffer groove body.

[0009] Further, the guide component is provided with a scale line for marking the height variation range of the support column, and the guide component can slide up and down in the support column.

[0010] Further, at least one reflux pipe is arranged between the melting cavity and the buffer groove body, one end of the reflux pipe communicates with the overflow port of the partition plate through the buffer groove body, the other end communicates with the side wall of the melting cavity through a reflux pump, and a filter screen is arranged in the reflux pipe.

[0011] Further, the conveying mechanism is connected with a driving shaft through a chain wheel, the driving shaft is connected with the speed reducer motor through a shaft coupling, the bottom of the mold support is provided with a positioning pin, the positioning pin is matched with a positioning hole on the conveying mechanism, the top of the mold support is provided with an inclined flow guide plate, and the top of the mold support is further provided with a pressure sensor.

[0012] Further, the inner wall of the melting cavity is sprayed with a multilayer heat-resistant coating made of an alumina ceramic matrix composite material.

[0013] Further, a one-way valve is arranged on the exhaust hole of the melting cavity, and the one-way valve adopts a spring return structure.

[0014] Further, the surface of the inclined flow guide plate is subjected to polishing treatment, and the measurement range of the pressure sensor is 0-500 kilopascals.

[0015] Compared with the related art, the device for reducing surface slag rate by self-adapting lead alloy flow characteristics provided by the application has the following characteristics: The partition plate disperses the molten liquid into multiple independent liquid flow channels, reduces the turbulence phenomenon in the molten liquid flow process, and thus reduces the generation amount of oxides and impurities. The throttle valve moves the valve core by rotating the handle, accurately controls the flow area of the outlet pipeline, and realizes dynamic adjustment of the molten liquid flow. The height adjustment mechanism moves the guide component up and down by the air cylinder, adjusts the distance between the buffer groove body and the mold, and ensures that the molten liquid flows smoothly into the mold. The mold conveying assembly drives the conveying chain to move at a constant speed by the reduction motor, sequentially conveys the mold to the specified position, guides the molten liquid to flow smoothly into the mold by the inclined flow guide plate, and avoids the problems of bubbles and impurities caused by uneven flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor. The schematic embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a first overall structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 It is a second overall structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the buffer groove body in the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5 It is a local cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the buffer groove body in the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 6 It is a local cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the outlet pipeline and the throttle valve in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] Icon: 1, molten cavity; 101, liquid inlet pipe; 102, liquid outlet pipe; 2, buffer groove body; 201, partition plate; 202, overflow port; 203, outlet pipeline; 204, throttle valve; 2041, valve body; 2042, valve core; 2043, handle; 2044, sealing ring; 3, height adjustment mechanism; 301, guide component; 302, support column; 303, air cylinder; 4, mold conveying assembly; 401, conveying chain; 402, mold support; 403, inclined flow guide plate; 501, return pipe; 502, return pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the exemplary embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0020] The present application provides a device for reducing surface slag rate by adapting lead alloy flow characteristics, and the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 Figure 6 The specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the component numbers in the drawings. In the present embodiment, the device includes a melting cavity 1, a buffer tank 2, a height adjusting mechanism 3, and a mold conveying assembly 4. The connection relationship, positional relationship, and cooperation mode between each component will be described one by one below.

[0021] The melting cavity 1 is one of the core components of the device, and a liquid inlet pipe 101 is welded at the top center position of the melting cavity 1. The other end of the liquid inlet pipe 101 is connected to an external smelting device through a flange, which is used to introduce lead alloy liquid in a molten state into the inside of the melting cavity 1. At least one liquid outlet pipe 102 is welded at the bottom center position of the melting cavity 1, which is made of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel, and the other end of the liquid outlet pipe 102 is connected to the top inlet of the buffer tank 2 through a flange. A graphite sealing gasket is arranged at the flange connection to ensure good sealing performance in a high-temperature environment. The inner wall of the melting cavity 1 is sprayed with multiple layers of heat-resistant coating, which is made of aluminum oxide ceramic matrix composite material with a thickness of 1-2 mm. The heat-resistant coating is uniformly covered on the inner wall of the melting cavity 1 through a spraying process, and its adhesion is verified through a tensile test to ensure that it does not fall off in a high-temperature environment. A vent hole is arranged at the top of the melting cavity 1, and a one-way valve is installed inside the vent hole. The one-way valve adopts a spring return structure, and the spring constant is designed and calculated to automatically open and release gas when the gas pressure reaches 0.02 MPa, thereby avoiding the influence of high gas pressure in the cavity on the stability of the molten liquid flow.

[0022] ​The buffer tank 2 is fixed below the melting cavity 1, and the two are communicated through at least one liquid outlet pipe 102. A plurality of partition plates 201 are arranged at equal intervals in the length direction inside the buffer tank 2, and independent liquid flow channels are formed between the partition plates 201, which are used to disperse the molten liquid into a plurality of independent flow paths, so as to reduce the turbulence phenomenon in the molten liquid flow process. An overflow port 202 is arranged at the upper part of the partition plate 201, and when the liquid level of the molten liquid exceeds a certain height, the excess molten liquid can flow into the return pipe 501 through the overflow port 202. One end of the return pipe 501 communicates with the overflow port 202 by penetrating through the buffer tank 2, and the other end communicates with the side wall of the melting cavity 1 through the return pump 502. A filter screen is arranged in the return pipe 501, which is used to intercept the scum and impurities in the molten liquid. At least one outlet pipe 203 is arranged at the bottom of the buffer tank 2, and each outlet pipe 203 is provided with an adjustable throttle valve 204. The throttle valve 204 includes a valve body 2041, a valve core 2042 and a handle 2043. The valve body 2041 is fixedly connected with the outlet pipe 203 and the inner wall of the buffer tank 2 at both ends through threads, and the valve core 2042 is located in the valve body 2041 and connected with the handle 2043. When the handle 2043 rotates, the valve core 2042 moves axially along the valve body 2041, so as to change the effective flow area of the outlet pipe 203 and realize accurate control of the molten liquid flow. A high-temperature-resistant silicone rubber sealing ring 2044 is arranged in the throttle valve 204, which ensures good sealing performance in a high-temperature environment.

[0023] The height adjusting mechanism 3 includes at least one guide component 301, at least one support column 302 and at least one air cylinder 303. The at least one guide component 301 is fixed at the bottom of the buffer tank 2, the support column 302 is slidably connected with the guide component 301 at one end and in contact with the ground at the other end, and the guide component 301 can slide up and down in the support column 302. The guide component 301 is provided with a scale line, which is used to mark the height change range of the support column 302. The at least one air cylinder 303 is fixed at the bottom of the buffer tank 2, the stroke of the air cylinder 303 is 20 cm, and the maximum output force is 500 N. The buffer tank 2 is driven to move up and down along the guide component 301 and the support column 302 by the extension and contraction of the air cylinder 303, so as to adjust the distance between the buffer tank 2 and the mold and ensure that the molten liquid flows smoothly into the mold.

[0024] The mold conveying assembly 4 comprises a conveying mechanism 401 and a mold support 402. The conveying mechanism 401 is connected with a driving shaft through a chain wheel, the driving shaft is connected with a speed reducer motor through a shaft coupling, the speed reducer motor is fixedly installed at the end of the conveying mechanism 401, and is used to drive the conveying mechanism 401 to move at a constant speed. The mold support 402 is fixed outside the conveying mechanism 401, a positioning pin is arranged at the bottom of the mold support 402, the positioning pin is matched with a positioning hole on the conveying mechanism 401, and stability of the mold during conveying is ensured. An inclined flow guide plate 403 is arranged at the top of the mold support 402, the inclination angle of the inclined flow guide plate 403 is 10° to 15°, the molten metal is guided to flow into the mold stably, and problems of air bubbles and impurities entrainment caused by uneven flow are avoided. The surface of the inclined flow guide plate 403 is subjected to polishing treatment, the roughness is controlled to be below Ra0.8, so that the frictional resistance in the molten metal flow process is reduced. A pressure sensor is further arranged at the top of the mold support 402, the pressure sensor is connected with an external controller through a signal line, and is used to monitor the molten metal filling condition in the mold in real time. The controller adopts a PLC control system, a PID algorithm is built-in, and the running state of the air cylinder 303 and the speed reducer motor can be dynamically adjusted according to the signal of the pressure sensor.

[0025] In practical application, firstly, the molten lead alloy liquid is introduced into the melting cavity 1 through the liquid inlet pipe 101, the heat-resistant coating on the inner wall of the melting cavity 1 can effectively prevent the molten liquid from eroding the inner wall of the cavity, and at the same time, the one-way valve inside the exhaust hole is automatically opened when the gas pressure in the cavity exceeds 0.02 MPa, releasing excess gas to ensure the stability of the molten liquid flow. The molten liquid enters the buffer tank 2 through at least one liquid outlet pipe 102, and the partition plate 201 inside the buffer tank 2 disperses the molten liquid into multiple independent liquid flow channels, reducing the turbulence phenomenon during the flow of the molten liquid, thereby reducing the generation amount of oxides and impurities. When the molten liquid level exceeds the height of the overflow port 202, the excess molten liquid flows into the return pipe 501 through the overflow port 202, and the filter screen inside the return pipe 501 intercepts the dregs and impurities in the molten liquid. The filtered molten liquid returns to the melting cavity 1 through the return pump 502, realizing the recycling of the molten liquid. The throttle valve 204 at the bottom of the buffer tank 2 is rotated by the handle 2043 to drive the valve core 2042 to move up and down, accurately controlling the effective flow area of the outlet pipe 203, thereby realizing dynamic adjustment of the molten liquid flow. The height adjustment mechanism 3 drives the buffer tank 2 to move up and down along the guide component 301 and the support column 302 through the air cylinder 303, adjusts the distance between the buffer tank 2 and the mold, and ensures that the molten liquid flows smoothly into the mold. The mold conveying assembly 4 moves at a constant speed through the reduction motor driving the conveying mechanism 401, sequentially conveying the mold to the designated position, and the inclined flow guide plate 403 on the top of the mold support 402 guides the molten liquid to flow smoothly into the mold, avoiding the problem of air bubbles and impurities caused by uneven flow. The pressure sensor monitors the molten liquid filling condition in the mold in real time, and the controller dynamically adjusts the operating state of the air cylinder 303 and the reduction motor according to the monitoring data, ensuring the stability and efficiency of the entire casting process.

[0026] In order to better enable relevant persons in the technical field to fully understand and implement the present application, the specific implementation principles of the present application are supplemented below in conjunction with a specific application scenario.

[0027] Firstly, the operator introduces the molten lead alloy liquid into the melting cavity 1 through the liquid inlet pipe 101. At this time, the heat-resistant coating sprayed on the inner wall of the melting cavity 1 can effectively prevent the molten liquid from reacting with the inner wall of the cavity, avoiding the generation of slag caused by erosion. At the same time, the one-way valve inside the exhaust hole is automatically opened when the gas pressure in the cavity reaches 0.02 MPa, releasing excess gas to ensure that the pressure in the cavity is within a stable range, avoiding the influence of excessive gas pressure on the flow characteristics of the molten liquid. The molten liquid then flows into the buffer tank 2 through at least one liquid outlet pipe 102.

[0028] When the molten metal enters the buffer tank 2, the partition plate 201 disperses the molten metal into multiple independent flow channels. Because the height of the partition plate 201 is slightly higher than the overflow port 202, the molten metal is confined between the partition plates 201 during flow, reducing the occurrence of turbulent flow. This design effectively reduces the amount of molten metal oxide and impurities generated. If the molten metal level exceeds the height of the overflow port 202, the excess molten metal will flow into the return pipe 501 through the overflow port 202, and after the floating dross and impurities are intercepted by the filter screen, it will be returned to the inside of the melting cavity 1 by the return pump 502, forming a closed loop recycling system.

[0029] Next, the outlet pipe 203 at the bottom of the buffer tank 2 realizes precise control of flow through the throttle valve 204. The operator rotates the handle 2043 to drive the valve core 2042 to move axially along the valve body 2041, changing the effective flow area of the outlet pipe 203, thereby dynamically adjusting the molten metal flow. The high-temperature-resistant silicone rubber sealing ring 2044 inside the throttle valve 204 ensures sealing performance in high-temperature environments, preventing molten metal leakage. In addition, the height adjustment mechanism 3 moves the buffer tank 2 up and down by the extension of the air cylinder 303, adjusting the distance between the buffer tank 2 and the mold. The guide component 301 can slide in the support column 302, and the height change range is marked by the scale line, ensuring that the molten metal flows smoothly into the mold at an appropriate height, reducing the generation of surface dross.

[0030] At the same time, the mold conveying assembly 4 moves at a constant speed by driving the conveying mechanism 401 with a reduction motor, and sequentially conveys the mold to the designated position. The positioning pin at the bottom of the mold support 402 cooperates with the positioning hole on the conveying mechanism 401 to ensure that the mold remains stable during the conveying process. The inclined flow guide plate 403 at the top of the mold support 402 guides the molten metal to flow smoothly into the mold, with an inclination angle of 10° to 15°, which can effectively avoid the problem of air bubbles and impurities entrained due to uneven flow. The surface of the inclined flow guide plate 403 is polished, with a roughness controlled below Ra0.8, further reducing the frictional resistance during the flow of the molten metal.

[0031] During the entire casting process, the pressure sensor monitors the molten metal filling condition in the mold in real time, and the signal of the pressure sensor is received and processed by the controller. The controller uses the built-in PID algorithm of the PLC control system to dynamically adjust the operating state of the air cylinder 303 and the reduction motor according to the monitoring data. For example, when it is detected that the molten metal in the mold is insufficient, the controller will remind the operator to increase the molten metal flow by adjusting the throttle valve 204.

[0032] Through the above steps, the device realizes adaptive optimization of the flow characteristics of the lead alloy, significantly reducing the surface slag rate. Specifically, the design of the partition plate 201 reduces the molten liquid turbulence phenomenon, thereby reducing the generation amount of oxides and impurities; the precise flow control of the throttle valve 204 ensures the stability of the molten liquid flow; the height adjusting mechanism 3 and the inclined deflector plate 403 cooperate to avoid the problems of bubbles and impurities entrainment caused by uneven flow. These technical means jointly improve the quality and production efficiency of the castings, meeting the actual application requirements.

[0033] The contents not described in detail in the specification all belong to the prior art known by those skilled in the art, and the model parameters of various appliances are not specifically limited, and conventional equipment can be used. The appliance control elements not mentioned in the technical solution belong to the prior art, so they are not shown in the figure, and will not be described here.

[0034] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0035] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be explained that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present disclosure. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be explained that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they know the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to include the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

[0038] Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present application are possible in light of the above teachings. It is, therefore, to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents, the application can be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.

Claims

1. A device for reducing surface slag ratio by adapting to the flow characteristics of lead alloys, characterized in that, include: A melting chamber (1) is provided with an inlet pipe (101) and at least one outlet pipe (102), and an exhaust hole is provided at the top. The melting chamber (1) is used to contain lead alloy melt. A buffer tank (2) is located below the melting chamber (1) and is connected to the melting chamber (1) through at least one outlet pipe (102). At least one partition plate (201) is arranged at equal intervals along the length of the buffer tank (2), and independent liquid flow channels are formed between the partition plates (201). An overflow port (202) is provided on the upper part of the partition plate (201), and at least one outlet pipe (203) is provided at the bottom of the buffer tank (2). Each outlet pipe (203) is equipped with an adjustable throttle valve (204). A height adjustment mechanism (3) is located at the bottom of the buffer tank (2), and the height adjustment mechanism (3) is used to adjust the distance between the buffer tank (2) and the mold; and The mold conveying assembly (4) includes a conveying mechanism (401) and a mold support (402). The conveying mechanism (401) is connected to the drive shaft via a sprocket, and the mold support (402) is mounted on the conveying mechanism (401).

2. The device for reducing surface slag ratio by adapting to the flow characteristics of lead alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The throttle valve (204) includes a valve body (2041), a valve core (2042), and a handle (2043). The two ends of the valve body (2041) are fixedly connected to the outlet pipe (203) and the inner wall of the buffer tank (2) by threads, respectively. The valve core (2042) is located inside the valve body (2041) and is connected to the handle (2043). A sealing ring (2044) is provided inside the valve body (2041).

3. The device for reducing surface slag ratio by adapting to the flow characteristics of lead alloys according to claim 2, characterized in that, The handle (2043) is connected to the top of the buffer groove (2) by a thread, and the rotation angle of the handle (2043) is linearly related to the moving distance of the valve core (2042).

4. The device for reducing surface slag ratio by adapting to the flow characteristics of lead alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height adjustment mechanism (3) includes at least one guide component (301), at least one support column (302) and at least one cylinder (303). At least one of the guide components (301) is fixed to the bottom of the buffer tank (2). One end of the support column (302) is slidably connected to the guide component (301), and the other end is in contact with the ground. At least one of the cylinders (303) is fixed to the bottom of the buffer tank (2).

5. The apparatus for reducing surface slag ratio by adapting to the flow characteristics of lead alloys according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guide component (301) is provided with scale lines to mark the height variation range of the support column (302), and the guide component (301) can slide up and down within the support column (302).

6. The apparatus for reducing surface slag ratio by adapting to the flow characteristics of lead alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one reflux pipe (501) is provided between the melting chamber (1) and the buffer tank (2). One end of the reflux pipe (501) passes through the buffer tank (2) and is connected to the overflow port (202) of the partition plate (201). The other end is connected to the side wall of the melting chamber (1) through the reflux pump (502). A filter screen is provided inside the reflux pipe (501).

7. The apparatus for reducing surface slag ratio by adapting to the flow characteristics of lead alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying mechanism (401) is connected to the drive shaft via a sprocket, and the drive shaft is connected to the geared motor via a coupling. The bottom of the mold support (402) is provided with a positioning pin, which cooperates with the positioning hole on the conveying mechanism (401). The top of the mold support (402) is provided with an inclined guide plate (403), and the top of the mold support (402) is also provided with a pressure sensor.

8. The apparatus for reducing surface slag ratio by adapting to the flow characteristics of lead alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the molten cavity (1) is coated with a multi-layer heat-resistant coating, which is made of alumina ceramic matrix composite material.

9. The apparatus for reducing surface slag ratio by adapting to the flow characteristics of lead alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vent hole of the molten cavity (1) is provided with a one-way valve, which adopts a spring reset structure.

10. The apparatus for reducing surface slag ratio by adapting to the flow characteristics of lead alloys according to claim 7, characterized in that, The surface of the inclined guide plate (403) is polished, and the pressure sensor has a measurement range of 0 to 500 kPa.

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