Waterproof system suitable for acrylic daylighting roof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building waterproofing, in particular to a waterproof system suitable for an acrylic daylighting roof, an acrylic plate is provided with an upstream face and a downstream face, the downstream face is fixed to a supporting structure, a first gap is reserved between every two adjacent acrylic plates, and the acrylic plates can expand and stretch out and draw back through the first gap; a second gap is reserved between the end face of the acrylic plate and the supporting structure and serves as a leakage detection area, a water leakage detection mechanism is arranged in the leakage detection area, the waterproof system comprises a waterproof layer arranged on the upstream face and a sealing layer arranged on the downstream face, the waterproof layer covers the first gap and the second gap, the sealing layer is arranged between the acrylic plate and the supporting structure, and the waterproof layer covers the first gap and the second gap. And the sealing layer corresponds to the waterproof layer. Through multi-layer waterproof sealing, stress release of the telescopic cavity and intelligent induction positioning of leakage points, the problems that traditional silica gel is prone to aging and cracking, poor in adaptability to thermal expansion and cold contraction and difficult to check the leakage points are solved, and the waterproof reliability, durability and maintenance efficiency of the acrylic daylighting roof are remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building waterproofing, in particular to a waterproof system suitable for acrylic daylighting roof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Acrylic material is widely used in building daylighting roof engineering to achieve the effect of transparent lighting due to its good light transmittance, small density, excellent weather resistance, and the ability to adjust thickness, length and height through bulk polymerization. However, the fire resistance rating of acrylic material is only B level. In order to meet the A level fireproofing requirement of building facade, a thin layer of water needs to be covered on the outside of the acrylic daylighting roof, resulting in a long-term storage state and high requirements for waterproofing and sealing.

[0003] The traditional acrylic daylighting roof waterproof system is composed of a structural surface coating and a silicone waterproofing joint sealant. However, it has many defects. First, silicone as the main waterproof layer is easily affected by ultraviolet light, ozone, and temperature cycles, leading to aging, hardening, and cracking, resulting in waterproof failure. Second, once leakage occurs, it is difficult to quickly and accurately locate the leakage point, often requiring large-scale removal of sealant for inspection, resulting in high maintenance costs and affecting normal use of the building. Moreover, the traditional sealant filling method has limited adaptability to the large displacement of acrylic plates caused by thermal expansion and contraction, and is prone to damage to the glue or acrylic plates due to stress concentration. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the problems of easy leakage and difficult positioning of existing silicone waterproofing, the present application provides a waterproof system suitable for acrylic daylighting roof. Through a multi-layer waterproof and sealed structure, the top and bottom surface layers of the acrylic daylighting roof are considered for waterproofing, and a potential drying area is reserved. In the event of leakage, the humidity sensor can quickly locate the leakage point for waterproof repair.

[0005] The present application provides a waterproof system suitable for acrylic daylighting roof. The acrylic plate has a water-facing surface and a water-back surface, the water-back surface is fixed with a support structure, a first gap is reserved between adjacent acrylic plates for expansion and contraction of the acrylic plate, a second gap is reserved between the end surface of the acrylic plate and the support structure as a leakage detection area, a water leakage detection mechanism is configured in the leakage detection area, the first gap and the second gap are connected, the waterproof system includes a waterproof layer arranged on the water-facing surface and a sealing layer arranged on the water-back surface, the waterproof layer covers the first gap and the second gap, the sealing layer is arranged between the acrylic plate and the support structure, and the sealing layer corresponds to the waterproof layer. The first gap can cope with the expansion and contraction of the acrylic plate under temperature changes, and can also allow the water vapor generated between the acrylic plates to fully evaporate and escape to prevent the formation of a fog-like effect on the daylighting roof. The second gap reserves a potential drying area for detecting leakage. The cooperation of the water-facing surface waterproof layer and the water-back surface sealing layer provides multi-layer waterproof and sealed protection, effectively preventing external moisture penetration.

[0006] Furthermore, the waterproof layer includes a rigid waterproof membrane and adhesive portions. The rigid waterproof membrane is fixed above the first and second gaps by adhesive portions located at both ends, with the outer surface of the adhesive portions flush with the end faces of the rigid waterproof membrane. By using the rigid waterproof membrane, the sealant is reclassified from a primary waterproofing measure to a secondary waterproofing measure, ensuring that even if the sealant ages and cracks, the rigid waterproof membrane can still prevent water from entering.

[0007] Furthermore, the adhesive portion includes a flexible pad and a sealant. The flexible pad supports the rigid waterproof membrane, and the sealant is applied around the flexible pad for sealing between the rigid waterproof membrane and the acrylic sheet or supporting structure. The flexible pad is made of an elastic material, capable of accommodating slight displacements of the acrylic sheet due to temperature changes. The sealant, after curing, has a certain degree of elasticity and can also expand and contract with minor deformations of the acrylic sheet. Together with the flexible pad, they ensure that the rigid waterproof membrane securely and sealingly covers the first and second gaps.

[0008] Furthermore, the rigid waterproof membrane is a thin metal sheet with a thickness ranging from 0.8 mm to 2.0 mm. This thickness selection ensures that the rigid waterproof membrane has sufficient structural strength to resist the deformation caused by external environmental factors (such as wind and rain loads), effectively maintaining the integrity of the waterproof barrier, while also taking into account the lightweight requirements of the material, avoiding increasing the overall load on the acrylic skylight due to excessive weight of the sheet.

[0009] Furthermore, a double protective plate is installed between the second gap and the rigid waterproof membrane. The double protective plate is positioned between the adhesive portions on both sides. One side of the double protective plate is fixed to the supporting structure with fasteners, and the other end overlaps the water-facing side of the acrylic sheet. Plastic sheets are placed on the contact surfaces of the double protective plate, the acrylic sheet, and the supporting structure for double isolation and protection. Even if the waterproof membrane is deformed by impact, it will not affect the waterproof effect of the second gap, ensuring the normal operation of the humidity sensor within the gap.

[0010] Furthermore, the double-layer protective panel can be divided into a fixed section that is fixed to the supporting structure and an overlapping section that overlaps with the acrylic panel. The overlap length of the overlapping section is not less than 30mm. With sufficient overlap allowance, it is ensured that even under extreme temperature conditions, the overlapping section can still be firmly attached to the water-facing side of the acrylic panel and continue to play a protective role.

[0011] Furthermore, the sealing layer includes elastic pads and sealant. The elastic pads are laid between the back surface of the acrylic sheet and the supporting structure, and the sealant is applied around the elastic pads to seal the space between them and the supporting structure. A silicone strip is also filled between the elastic pads and the sealant. The silicone strip has excellent elasticity and flexibility, and can maintain a tight fit even when the acrylic expands and contracts due to heat, effectively preventing water penetration.

[0012] Furthermore, the width of the first gap is positively correlated with the coefficient of thermal expansion of the acrylic sheet, and its width ranges from 5 to 15 mm. The width of the first gap is determined based on the coefficient of thermal expansion of the acrylic sheet and the local extreme temperature difference.

[0013] Furthermore, the leak detection system includes a humidity sensor, which connects wirelessly to a remote terminal. The humidity sensor can detect moisture penetration, and once a leak is detected, it immediately transmits the information wirelessly to the terminal for rapid repair.

[0014] Furthermore, the humidity sensor's sensing probe faces inward into the second gap, and its surface is covered with a waterproof and breathable membrane. The sensing probe's orientation towards the gap ensures direct contact with leaked water vapor, improving detection sensitivity; the waterproof and breathable membrane allows water vapor to permeate but blocks liquid water, preventing sensor failure due to short circuits caused by water ingress and extending the lifespan of the detection mechanism.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a waterproof system suitable for acrylic skylights. It uses a stainless steel waterproof sheet as the primary waterproofing layer, supplemented by silicone and weather-resistant sealant for secondary waterproofing, preventing sealant exposure. The combination of multiple seals and double protection effectively prevents leakage caused by a single seal failure, making it suitable for long-term water storage conditions. The combination of an unfilled first gap with flexible support components and sliding materials on the back side fully releases the stress generated by the thermal expansion and contraction of acrylic, preventing structural damage. High-sensitivity sensors installed in the potential dry zone enable precise leak location, facilitating timely repairs. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort. Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the waterproofing system; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the waterproof structure at the first gap; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the image; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the waterproof structure at the second gap; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the image; In the diagram: 1. Acrylic sheet, 11. Water-facing side, 12. Water-repelling side, 2. Supporting structure, 21. Steel structure, 22. Concrete structure, 3. First gap, 4. Second gap, 5. Waterproof layer, 51. Rigid waterproof sheet, 52. Soft pad, 53. Sealant, 6. Sealing layer, 61. Elastic pad, 62. Silicone strip, 7. Double protective plate, 71. Fastener, 72. Fixing section, 73. Overlapping section, 8. Humidity sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0018] To address the problems of traditional silicone waterproofing systems, such as easy aging and cracking, poor adaptability to thermal expansion and contraction, and difficulty in locating leaks, a waterproofing system suitable for acrylic skylights was designed, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the acrylic sheet 1 has a water-facing surface 11 and a water-repellent surface 12, with the water-repellent surface 12 fixed to the supporting structure 2. The supporting structure 2 includes a steel structure 21 supported below the first gap 3 and a concrete structure 22 located at the second gap 4. The end of the acrylic sheet 1 is supported on the concrete structure 22, and the steel structure 21 is supported below the joint between the two acrylic sheets 1.

[0019] A first gap 3 is reserved between adjacent acrylic panels 1 to allow for expansion and contraction of the acrylic panels 1, and also to allow moisture generated between the acrylic panels 1 to fully evaporate and dissipate, preventing a fogging effect on the skylight. A second gap 4 is reserved between the end face of the acrylic panel 1 and the supporting structure 2 as a leakage detection zone. The leakage detection zone is equipped with a leakage detection mechanism that can issue an alarm at the initial stage of leakage and can accurately locate the source of leakage. The first gap 3 and the second gap 4 are connected. The setting of the leakage detection zone not only provides sufficient space for the expansion and contraction of the acrylic panels 1, but also forms a completely dry and sealed space under the condition of double-sided sealing of the sealant 53 and the rigid waterproof plate 51. If water leakage occurs in the double-sided seal, the internally configured humidity sensor 8 can quickly detect and issue a warning.

[0020] The waterproofing system includes a waterproof layer 5 on the water-facing side 11 and a sealing layer 6 on the back side 12. The waterproof layer 5 covers the first gap 3 and the second gap 4. The sealing layer 6 is located between the acrylic plate 1 and the supporting structure 2, and corresponds to the waterproof layer 5. The waterproof layer 5 on the water-facing side 11 uses a metal waterproof plate as the main waterproof barrier, covering the joint of the acrylic plate 1, thus weakening the traditional silicone sealant to a secondary seal. The sealing layer 6 on the back side 12 provides elastic support and sealing between the bottom of the acrylic plate 1 and the supporting structure 2, providing both buffering to adapt to deformation and serving as a second line of defense against water damage.

[0021] like Figure 2 and 3 As shown, specifically, the waterproof layer 5 includes a rigid waterproof sheet 51 and adhesive portions. The rigid waterproof sheet 51 is fixed above the first gap 3 and the second gap 4 by adhesive portions placed at both ends. The outer surface of the adhesive portions is flush with the end face of the rigid waterproof sheet 51. The rigid waterproof sheet 51 is preferably a 304 stainless steel sheet, which is fixed to the acrylic sheet 1 by weather-resistant sealant. The 304 stainless steel waterproof sheet has high strength and corrosion resistance, which can effectively block water penetration and withstand a certain amount of external impact. The outer surface of the sealant 53 is flush with the end face of the waterproof sheet or recessed within the waterproof sheet to avoid the sealant 53 being exposed. Even if the sealant 53 ages and cracks, the waterproof performance can still be guaranteed by the stainless steel waterproof sheet, so that the waterproof layer 5 will not fail immediately.

[0022] The adhesive portion includes a flexible pad 52 and a sealant 53. The flexible pad 52 supports the rigid waterproof membrane 51, and the sealant 53 is disposed around the flexible pad 52 for sealing between the rigid waterproof membrane 51 and the acrylic sheet 1 or the supporting structure 2. The flexible pad 52 is made of foam rod, which has good elasticity and compressibility, and can tightly fill the gap between the rigid waterproof membrane 51 and the acrylic sheet 1 or the supporting structure 2, providing a stable and cushioning support base for the rigid waterproof membrane 51. The sealant 53 is a silicone weather-resistant sealant that has good compatibility with both the acrylic sheet 1 and the stainless steel sheet, forming a continuous sealant layer around the flexible pad 52. This sealant layer not only further enhances the sealing performance between the waterproof membrane and the mounting surface, effectively preventing moisture from seeping in from the edges of the rigid waterproof membrane 51, but also adapts to the thermal expansion and contraction of the acrylic sheet 1 due to temperature changes, reducing the impact of sheet deformation on the overall sealing performance of the waterproof layer 5. During construction, the foam rods are first cut to the design dimensions and embedded into the bottom of the installation gaps at both ends of the rigid waterproof membrane 51, ensuring that they are fully filled and do not protrude. Then, sealant 53 is evenly applied to the upper surface of the foam rods and the contact surfaces between the edges of the rigid waterproof membrane 51 and the acrylic plate 1 or the support structure 2, so that the sealant 53 can fully wet and bond each contact interface, ultimately forming a composite adhesive structure that has both elastic support and reliable sealing, thereby fixing the rigid waterproof membrane 51 firmly and sealed in the designated position.

[0023] The rigid waterproof membrane 51 is a thin metal sheet with a thickness ranging from 0.8mm to 2.0mm. The selection of the rigid waterproof membrane 51 thickness ensures that it possesses sufficient structural strength to resist deformation caused by external environmental factors (such as wind and rain loads), effectively maintaining the integrity of the waterproof barrier, while also considering the need for lightweight materials to avoid increasing the overall load on the acrylic skylight due to excessive weight. For areas with large spans or high structural strength requirements, a thickness of 1.5mm to 2.0mm can be selected, while in conventional environments and smaller span scenarios, a thickness of 0.8mm to 1.2mm is sufficient.

[0024] like Figure 2 and 3 As shown, specifically, the sealing layer 6 includes an elastic pad 61 and sealant 53. The elastic pad 61 is laid between the back surface 12 of the acrylic sheet 1 and the supporting structure 2. The sealant 53 is provided around the elastic pad 61 for sealing between the elastic pad 61 and the supporting structure 2. A silicone strip 62 is also filled between the elastic pad 61 and the sealant 53. The elastic pad 61 is a neoprene rubber plastic support laid between the back surface 12 of the acrylic sheet 1 and the supporting structure 2. The end face is supplemented with a sealing silicone strip and weather-resistant sealant to achieve waterproof sealing of the back surface 12. The neoprene rubber support has good cushioning performance and can further adapt to the thermal expansion and contraction of acrylic, reducing the impact of stress caused by deformation on the waterproof system. The acrylic sheet 1 will displace when it expands and contracts, so a flexible material is laid at the contact points between the dry and wet surfaces of the acrylic and other materials to allow it to slide freely.

[0025] The width of the first gap 3 is positively correlated with the coefficient of thermal expansion of the acrylic sheet 1, and its width ranges from 5 to 15 mm. For example, for acrylic sheets 1 in environments with high temperature differences or large sizes, the displacement caused by thermal expansion and contraction is relatively large. In this case, the width of the first gap 3 should be selected as 10-15 mm to fully reserve the expansion space of the acrylic sheet 1 due to temperature changes, and to avoid deformation or damage caused by insufficient gaps due to mutual compression during thermal expansion. For smaller sizes and areas with relatively stable installation temperatures, the width of the first gap 3 can be controlled at 5-10 mm, which can reduce the amount of sealing material and construction difficulty while meeting waterproofing requirements. In addition, the width of the first gap 3 should also match the elastic deformation capacity of the selected sealing material to ensure that the sealing material can maintain good sealing performance when the acrylic sheet 1 undergoes normal expansion and contraction, effectively preventing the penetration of rainwater and other liquids.

[0026] like Figure 4 and 5As shown, a double-layer protective plate 7 is also provided between the second gap 4 and the rigid waterproof membrane 51. The double-layer protective plate 7 is placed between the adhesive parts on both sides. One side of the double-layer protective plate 7 is fixed to the supporting structure 2 by fasteners 71, and the other end overlaps the water-facing surface 11 of the acrylic plate 1. During construction, a plastic gasket is first laid on the acrylic plate 1 and the concrete structure 22, then a layer of double-layer protective plate 7 is covered, and one side is fixed to the concrete structure 22 by expansion bolts. Then, a layer of 304 stainless steel waterproof membrane is covered on top, and weather-resistant sealant is used for waterproof sealing. The installation of the stainless steel waterproof membrane effectively increases the height of the waterproof layer between the acrylic and the structure. In actual use, when the structure undergoes tensile deformation, the height of the waterproof layer can be stably maintained because of the addition of the stainless steel waterproof membrane. Unlike when the stainless steel waterproof membrane is not added, the height of the waterproof layer will not be lower than the main body of the acrylic due to the tensile deformation of the structure. Once the height of the waterproof layer is lower than the main body of the acrylic, a series of hidden dangers such as water accumulation are very likely to occur later. The presence of water accumulation can lead to many adverse consequences. For example, in suitable environments, algae and mold can easily grow in water accumulation areas. These algae and mold conditions can seriously affect the visual effect of the skylight, greatly diminishing its original transparent and aesthetic characteristics, thus negatively impacting the overall user experience and aesthetics.

[0027] like Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the double protective plate 7 can be divided into a fixed section 72 that is fixed to the supporting structure 2 and an overlapping section 73 that overlaps with the acrylic plate 1. The overlap length of the overlapping section 73 is not less than 30mm. This overlap length ensures a stable and effective connection between the acrylic plate 1 and the double protective plate 7, effectively dispersing stress that may be caused by wind load, temperature changes, or slight structural displacement, and preventing loosening or gaps due to insufficient overlap. The double protective plate 7 serves as a double isolation and protection. Even if the waterproof plate is deformed by impact, it will not affect the waterproof effect of the second gap 4, ensuring the normal operation of the humidity sensor 8 within the gap.

[0028] The leak detection mechanism includes a humidity sensor 8, which connects wirelessly to a remote terminal. The sensing probe of the humidity sensor 8 faces inwards into the second gap 4, and its surface is covered with a waterproof and breathable membrane. When the humidity sensor 8 detects abnormal humidity, it can issue an alarm signal in real time through the connection to the remote terminal. Based on the location code of different sensors, it can quickly locate the specific area where the leak is located, achieving precise location of the leak and significantly reducing the difficulty and scope of subsequent maintenance. Compared with traditional methods, it eliminates the need for extensive removal of silicone sealant for inspection, greatly saving maintenance time and costs, and also reducing damage to the skylight structure.

[0029] The waterproofing system was designed with ease of installation and feasibility in mind. All components are standardized and precisely sized for easy on-site installation and assembly. Lightweight components such as the stainless steel waterproofing membrane and neoprene support panels are easy to handle and operate, reducing construction difficulty and labor intensity. Furthermore, the system installation requires no complex tools or equipment; ordinary construction workers can complete the installation after simple training, further improving construction efficiency. The inclusion of a leak detection zone provides a more efficient means of detecting and locating potential leaks in acrylic skylights, allowing for faster and more convenient repairs.

[0030] In practical applications, this waterproofing system also boasts excellent compatibility and scalability. It can be matched with various types of acrylic skylight structures, whether flat, arched, or other complex shapes, achieving effective waterproofing and sealing by adjusting component dimensions and installation methods. Furthermore, as building technology advances and needs change, the waterproofing system can be upgraded and improved, for example, by adding more waterproof sealing layers or using more advanced waterproofing materials to adapt to different application scenarios and environmental requirements.

[0031] The above description is illustrative only and not restrictive of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that many modifications, variations or equivalents can be made without departing from the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims, and all such modifications, variations or equivalents will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waterproof system for acrylic skylights, wherein the acrylic panel (1) has a water-facing surface (11) and a water-repellent surface (12), the water-repellent surface (12) being fixed to a supporting structure (2), characterized in that: A first gap (3) is reserved between adjacent acrylic sheets (1) to allow for expansion and contraction of the acrylic sheets (1). A second gap (4) is reserved between the end face of the acrylic sheet (1) and the supporting structure (2) as a leakage detection area. A leakage detection mechanism is configured in the leakage detection area. The first gap (3) and the second gap (4) are connected. The waterproof system includes a waterproof layer (5) disposed on the water-facing side (11) and a sealing layer (6) disposed on the back side (12). The waterproof layer (5) covers the first gap (3) and the second gap (4). The sealing layer (6) is disposed between the acrylic plate (1) and the supporting structure (2) and corresponds to the waterproof layer (5).

2. A waterproof system for acrylic skylights according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof layer (5) includes a rigid waterproof plate (51) and an adhesive part. The rigid waterproof plate (51) is fixed above the first gap (3) and the second gap (4) by adhesive parts placed at both ends thereon. The outer side of the adhesive part is flush with the end face of the rigid waterproof plate (51).

3. A waterproof system for acrylic skylights according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adhesive part includes a soft pad (52) and a sealant (53). The soft pad (52) is used to support the rigid waterproof membrane (51), and the sealant (53) is disposed around the soft pad (52) for sealing between the rigid waterproof membrane (51) and the acrylic plate (1) or the support structure (2).

4. A waterproof system suitable for acrylic skylights according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rigid waterproof membrane (51) is a thin metal sheet with a thickness ranging from 0.8 mm to 2.0 mm.

5. A waterproof system suitable for acrylic skylights according to claim 2, characterized in that: A double protective plate (7) is also provided between the second gap (4) and the rigid waterproof plate (51). The double protective plate (7) is placed between the adhesive parts on both sides. One side of the double protective plate (7) is fixed to the support structure (2) by fasteners (71), and the other end overlaps the water-facing surface (11) of the acrylic plate (1).

6. A waterproof system for acrylic skylights according to claim 5, characterized in that: The double protective plate (7) can be divided into a fixed section (72) fixed to the support structure (2) and an overlapping section (73) overlapping the acrylic plate (1), wherein the overlapping length of the overlapping section (73) is not less than 30mm.

7. A waterproof system for acrylic skylights according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing layer (6) includes an elastic pad (61) and a sealant (53). The elastic pad (61) is laid between the back surface (12) of the acrylic plate (1) and the supporting structure (2). The elastic pad (61) is surrounded by a sealant (53) for sealing between the elastic pad (61) and the supporting structure (2). A silicone strip (62) is also filled between the elastic pad (61) and the sealant (53).

8. A waterproof system for acrylic skylights according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the first gap (3) is positively correlated with the expansion coefficient of the acrylic sheet (1), and the width ranges from 5 to 15 mm.

9. A waterproof system for acrylic skylights according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leakage detection mechanism includes a humidity sensor (8), which is wirelessly connected to a remote terminal.

10. A waterproof system for acrylic skylights according to claim 9, characterized in that: The sensing probe of the humidity sensor (8) faces the inside of the second gap (4), and its surface is covered with a waterproof and breathable membrane.

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