Three-dimensional mobile platform for constant-pressure ultrasonic flaw detection

Abstract

The three-dimensional moving platform comprises a mounting bottom frame, a transverse lead screw mechanism is mounted in the middle of the interior of the mounting bottom frame, the transverse lead screw mechanism is connected with a transverse driving motor, a clamping seat is mounted on the transverse lead screw mechanism, and a supporting seat is mounted at the end, away from the transverse driving motor, of the mounting bottom frame; a vertical lead screw mechanism is installed on the sides, close to the clamping base, of the two supporting bases, a lifting base is installed on the vertical lead screw mechanism, a vertical driving motor is installed at the bottom end of the vertical lead screw mechanism, and a longitudinal lead screw mechanism is installed on the side, close to the clamping base, of the lifting base in parallel in the length direction of the lifting base. A longitudinal driving motor is installed at one end of the longitudinal lead screw mechanism, two vertically-corresponding clamping plates are formed on the side, close to the clamping base, of the longitudinal sliding block, and a plurality of evenly-distributed constant-pressure springs are installed between the two clamping plates. The device is suitable for college physics experiment teaching and can effectively help students to deeply understand the ultrasonic flaw detection principle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of nondestructive testing, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional moving platform for constant-pressure ultrasonic flaw detection. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ultrasonic flaw detection is a widely used nondestructive testing technique in the industrial field, which detects internal defects by emitting ultrasonic waves into the material and receiving the reflected echoes. The traditional ultrasonic flaw detection experiment mainly relies on manual operation, which is difficult to accurately control the probe to keep straight-line movement, resulting in a certain deviation from the planned initial position and movement trajectory. Meanwhile, the manual application of probe pressure is unstable, causing inconsistent coupling effect and unstable echo signal amplitude. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide a three-dimensional moving platform for constant-pressure ultrasonic flaw detection, which can realize high-precision, uniform-speed, and constant-pressure scanning of the probe, effectively improving the flaw detection precision.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows: a three-dimensional moving platform for constant-pressure ultrasonic flaw detection, comprising a mounting chassis, a horizontal screw rod is installed in the middle of the mounting chassis along the length direction and is rotationally connected with the mounting chassis, one end of the horizontal screw rod is connected with the inner wall of one side of the mounting chassis, and the other end penetrates through the side wall of the other side of the mounting chassis and is fixedly connected with a horizontal drive motor, a horizontal guide rod corresponding to the horizontal screw rod is also installed in the mounting chassis, a horizontal movable block threadedly connected with the horizontal screw rod is sleeved on the horizontal screw rod, a horizontal sliding block slidingly connected with the horizontal guide rod is sleeved on the horizontal guide rod, a clamping seat is fixedly installed on the top of the horizontal movable block and the horizontal sliding block, support seats are symmetrically installed on the surfaces of the two ends of the mounting chassis away from the horizontal drive motor, vertical guide rods are correspondingly installed on the sides of the two support seats close to the clamping seat, a lifting block slidingly connected with the vertical guide rods is sleeved on the vertical guide rods, a lifting seat is fixedly installed on the side surface of the lifting block close to the clamping seat, a connecting plate is formed on the top of the side of the lifting seat away from the clamping seat, a vertical screw rod threadedly connected with the connecting plate is vertically installed on the connecting plate, a vertical drive motor is installed on one end of the vertical screw rod, and the vertical drive motor is fixedly installed between the two support seats through a connecting seat, a longitudinal guide rail and a longitudinal screw rod are parallelly installed along the length direction of the lifting seat on the side of the lifting seat close to the clamping seat, a longitudinal sliding block threadedly connected with the longitudinal screw rod is sleeved on the longitudinal screw rod, the side wall of the longitudinal sliding block extends towards the longitudinal guide rail and is formed with a sliding groove slidingly connected with the longitudinal guide rail, and a longitudinal drive motor is installed on one end of the longitudinal screw rod.

[0005] Preferably, the clamping base has mounting blocks formed on its four periphery, with the mounting blocks on opposite sides corresponding to each other. Each mounting block has an adjusting rod threadedly fitted to it at its center. One end of the adjusting rod passes through the mounting block and is located inside the clamping base, and is fixedly connected to a clamping block. The other end has an adjusting knob formed on it.

[0006] Preferably, the top surfaces of two opposing clamping blocks are clearance-fitted with the bottom surfaces of two other opposing clamping blocks, and the bottom surfaces are clearance-fitted with the surface of the clamping seat.

[0007] Preferably, an L-shaped auxiliary support frame is installed on the back of the support seat near the longitudinal drive motor. The transverse support of the auxiliary support frame is fixedly installed on the back of the support seat, the longitudinal support corresponds to the position of the longitudinal drive motor, and a slide rail is installed on the longitudinal support. A support plate that slides with the slide rail is installed on the slide rail. The side of the support plate away from the slide rail extends toward the longitudinal drive motor, and the longitudinal drive motor is fixedly installed on the support plate.

[0008] Preferably, the device also includes a controller and a processor. The controller is connected to the horizontal drive motor, the vertical drive motor and the longitudinal drive motor respectively, and is used to control the movement of the probe clamped by the clamping plate. The clamped probe is connected to the processor and transmits the collected data to the processor.

[0009] Preferably, the processor is used to perform data cleaning on the raw waveform data acquired by the probe, extract the number of defect waves, time difference and amplitude, identify defects, and classify the identified defects based on the random forest algorithm.

[0010] Preferably, the processor acquires two-dimensional defect point cloud data scanned from multiple adjacent longitudinal sections, performs cluster analysis based on the DBSCAN clustering algorithm, removes noise points, and renders the point set belonging to the same defect into a three-dimensional model.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0012] (1) By using controllers to control the movement of the probe in the X, Y and Z directions, precise control of the probe scanning path and speed is ensured;

[0013] (2) A uniformly distributed constant pressure spring is installed on the clamping plate of the probe. The constant pressure spring provides a stable and constant pressure to the probe, ensuring the stability of the probe signal.

[0014] (3) An auxiliary support frame is provided to support the longitudinal drive motor, which avoids the longitudinal lead screw bearing the support of the longitudinal drive motor and ensures the accuracy of the longitudinal lead screw rotation driving the longitudinal slider to translate.

[0015] (4) By processing the collected waveform data through the processor and introducing the random forest model, it is possible to efficiently and accurately identify defects, correct abnormal data, and classify defect types, which significantly improves the objectivity and reliability of data analysis and reduces the dependence on the experience of operators.

[0016] (5) The processor can also synthesize three-dimensional defect perspective view of multiple scan results, so that the shape, size and spatial location of defects inside the material can be presented intuitively, which is something that traditional flaw detection methods cannot achieve.

[0017] This invention is easy to operate and suitable for university physics experiment teaching, and can effectively help students to deeply understand the principle of ultrasonic flaw detection. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the data processing of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Mounting base; 2. Horizontal lead screw; 3. Horizontal drive motor; 4. Horizontal guide rod; 5. Horizontal movable block; 6. Horizontal slider; 7. Clamping seat; 8. Support seat; 9. Vertical guide rod; 10. Lifting block; 11. Lifting seat; 12. Connecting plate; 13. Vertical lead screw; 14. Vertical drive motor; 15. Connecting seat; 16. Longitudinal guide rail; 17. Longitudinal lead screw; 18. Longitudinal slider; 19. Longitudinal drive motor; 20. Clamping plate; 21. Constant pressure spring; 22. Mounting block; 23. Adjusting rod; 24. Clamping block; 25. Adjusting knob; 26. Auxiliary support frame; 27. Slide rail; 28. Support plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Example

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the three-dimensional moving platform for constant pressure ultrasonic flaw detection provided in this embodiment includes a mounting base 1. A transverse lead screw 2 is installed in the middle of the mounting base 1 along its length direction and rotates therewith. One end of the transverse lead screw 2 is connected to the inner wall of one side of the mounting base 1 through a bearing, and the other end passes through the other side wall of the mounting base 1 and is fixedly connected to a transverse drive motor 3. The transverse drive motor 3 drives the transverse lead screw 2 to rotate.

[0025] The mounting base 1 is also equipped with a transverse guide rod 4 corresponding to the transverse lead screw 2. In this embodiment, two transverse guide rods 4 are installed, located on both sides of the transverse lead screw 2 and parallel to the transverse lead screw 2. A transverse slider 6 is installed on the bottom surface of the clamping seat 7 near the four corners. The transverse slider 6 is fitted on the transverse guide rod 4 and slides with the transverse guide rod 4. A transverse movable block 5 is installed on the center bottom surface of the clamping seat 7. The transverse movable block 5 is fitted on the transverse lead screw 2 and threaded with the transverse lead screw 2. That is, the transverse drive motor 3 can drive the lead screw to rotate. Since the transverse guide rod 4 limits the clamping seat 7, the clamping seat 7 cannot rotate. Therefore, the transverse movable block 5 threaded with the lead screw can only reciprocate linearly along the lead screw, driving the clamping seat 7 to reciprocate in the X-axis direction.

[0026] The mounting base 1 has symmetrical support seats 8 on both sides of the end away from the horizontal drive motor 3. Vertical guide rods 9 are correspondingly installed on the side of the two support seats 8 closest to the clamping seat 7. Lifting blocks 10 are fitted onto the vertical guide rods 9 and slide with them. A lifting seat 11 is fixedly installed on the side of the lifting block 10 closest to the clamping seat 7. A connecting plate 12 is formed on the top of the side of the lifting seat 11 away from the clamping seat 7. A connecting seat 15 is installed between the two support seats 8 below the connecting plate 12. A vertical lead screw 13 is installed vertically and threadedly engaged with it. The bottom end of the vertical lead screw 13 passes through the connecting seat 15 and is connected to the vertical drive motor, which is fixed on the connecting seat 15. The vertical drive motor 14 works to drive the vertical lead screw 13 to rotate. Since the lifting seat 11 is limited by the lifting block 10, the connecting plate 12 connected to the lifting seat 11 can only make vertical reciprocating motion along the vertical lead screw 13 under the threaded engagement with the vertical lead screw, that is, it drives the lifting seat 11 to reciprocate in the Z-axis direction.

[0027] A longitudinal lead screw 17 is mounted on the Y-axis side of the lifting seat 11 near the clamping seat 7. Longitudinal guide rails 16, corresponding to the longitudinal lead screw 17, are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the longitudinal lead screw 17. A longitudinal slider 18, threadedly engaged with the longitudinal lead screw 17, is fitted onto the longitudinal lead screw 17. The longitudinal slider 18 extends towards the longitudinal guide rails 16 from both sides near the longitudinal guide rails 16, and has sliding grooves at the longitudinal guide rails 16 for sliding engagement. That is, the longitudinal slider 18 is restricted from rotation by the longitudinal guide rails 16. When the longitudinal lead screw 17 rotates, the longitudinal slider 18 can only reciprocate linearly along the longitudinal lead screw 17. One end of the longitudinal lead screw 17 is connected to a longitudinal... A drive motor 19 is included. An L-shaped auxiliary support frame 26 is installed on the back of the support base 8 near the longitudinal drive motor 19. The horizontal bracket of the auxiliary support frame 26 is fixedly connected to the back of the support base 8. The vertical bracket of the auxiliary support frame 26 corresponds to the position of the longitudinal drive motor 19. A slide rail 27 is installed on the side near the longitudinal drive motor 19. A support plate 28 that slides with the slide rail 27 is installed on the slide rail 27. The side of the support plate 28 away from the slide rail 27 extends to the longitudinal drive motor 19. The longitudinal drive motor 19 is fixedly installed on the support plate 28. The longitudinal drive motor 19 drives the longitudinal slider 18 to reciprocate in the Y-axis direction.

[0028] The longitudinal slider 18 has two vertically corresponding clamping plates 20 formed on the side near the clamping seat 7. Several evenly distributed constant pressure springs 21 are installed between the two clamping plates 20. In this embodiment, three springs are installed in an equilateral triangle. The upper clamping plate 20 has a U-shaped clamping groove, and the lower clamping plate 20 has a circular clamping groove. A notch is opened between the outer side of the lower clamping plate 20 and the circular clamping groove.

[0029] The clamping base 7 has mounting blocks 22 formed on its four periphery, with the mounting blocks 22 on opposite sides corresponding to each other. Each mounting block 22 has an adjusting rod 23 threadedly fitted to its center. One end of the adjusting rod 23 passes through the mounting block 22 and is located inside the clamping base 7, and is fixedly connected to a clamping block 24. The other end is formed with an adjusting knob 25. The top surfaces of two opposite clamping blocks 24 are clearance-fitted with the bottom surfaces of the other two opposite clamping blocks 24, and the bottom surfaces are clearance-fitted with the surface of the clamping base 7.

[0030] This embodiment also includes a controller and a processor. The controller is connected to the horizontal drive motor 3, the vertical drive motor 19 and the vertical drive motor respectively, and is used to control the movement of the probe clamped by the clamping plate 20. The clamped probe is connected to the processor and transmits the collected data to the processor.

[0031] The processor connects to the probe to achieve automatic acquisition and transmission of waveform data. The processor cleans the acquired raw waveform data and then extracts features, including the number of defective waves, time difference, and amplitude. After extraction, the processor intelligently identifies defects based on the random forest algorithm and classifies the defect type based on the amplitude feature. The random forest algorithm generates multiple decision tree base models through bootstrap sampling and classifies defects using a voting method. The maximum depth of the decision tree is set to 8, the random seed is fixed at 42, and the class weights are set to 'balanced' to handle the data imbalance problem.

[0032] By acquiring two-dimensional defect point cloud data from multiple adjacent longitudinal sections, cluster analysis is performed based on the DBSCAN clustering algorithm to remove noise points, and the point set belonging to the same defect is rendered into a three-dimensional model.

[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications and substitutions based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts provided by the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional moving platform for constant pressure ultrasonic flaw detection, characterized in that: The system includes a mounting base. A transverse lead screw, rotatably engaged with the lead screw, is mounted along the length of the mounting base at its center. One end of the lead screw is connected to the inner wall of one side of the mounting base, and the other end passes through the other side wall of the mounting base and is fixedly connected to a transverse drive motor. A transverse guide rod corresponding to the lead screw is also mounted inside the mounting base. A transverse movable block with a threaded engagement is fitted onto the lead screw, and a transverse slider with a slidable engagement is fitted onto the guide rod. A clamping seat is fixedly mounted on the top of the movable block and the slider. Support seats are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the mounting base at the end away from the transverse drive motor. Vertical guide rods are correspondingly mounted on the side of the two support seats closest to the clamping seat. Lifting blocks with a slidable engagement are fitted onto the vertical guide rods, and the lifting blocks are close to the clamping seat. A lifting seat is fixedly installed on one side surface of the base. A connecting plate is formed on the top of the side of the lifting seat away from the clamping seat. A vertical screw threaded to the connecting plate is vertically installed. A vertical drive motor is installed at one end of the vertical screw. The vertical drive motor is fixedly installed between two support seats through the connecting seat. A longitudinal guide rail and a longitudinal screw are installed parallel to each other along the length of the lifting seat on the side of the lifting seat near the clamping seat. A longitudinal slider threaded to the longitudinal screw is fitted on the longitudinal screw. The side wall of the longitudinal slider extends towards the longitudinal guide rail and is formed with a sliding groove that slides with the longitudinal guide rail. A longitudinal drive motor is installed at one end of the longitudinal screw. Two vertically corresponding clamping plates are formed on the side of the longitudinal slider near the clamping seat. Several evenly distributed constant pressure springs are installed between the two clamping plates.

2. The three-dimensional moving platform for constant pressure ultrasonic flaw detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping base has mounting blocks formed on its four sides, with the mounting blocks on opposite sides corresponding to each other. Each mounting block has an adjusting rod that is threadedly fitted to it at its center. One end of the adjusting rod passes through the mounting block and is located inside the clamping base, and is fixedly connected to a clamping block. The other end has an adjusting knob formed on it.

3. A three-dimensional moving platform for constant pressure ultrasonic flaw detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top surfaces of two opposing clamping blocks are clearance-fitted with the bottom surfaces of two other opposing clamping blocks, and the bottom surfaces are clearance-fitted with the surface of the clamping seat.

4. A three-dimensional moving platform for constant pressure ultrasonic flaw detection according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: An L-shaped auxiliary support frame is installed on the back of the support base near the longitudinal drive motor. The transverse support of the auxiliary support frame is fixedly installed on the back of the support base. The longitudinal support corresponds to the position of the longitudinal drive motor and a slide rail is installed on the longitudinal support. A support plate that slides with the slide rail is installed on the slide rail. The side of the support plate away from the slide rail extends towards the longitudinal drive motor and the longitudinal drive motor is fixedly installed on the support plate.

5. A three-dimensional moving platform for constant pressure ultrasonic flaw detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a controller and a processor. The controller is connected to the horizontal drive motor, the vertical drive motor and the longitudinal drive motor respectively, and is used to control the movement of the probe clamped by the clamping plate. The clamped probe is connected to the processor and transmits the collected data to the processor.

6. A three-dimensional moving platform for constant pressure ultrasonic flaw detection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The processor is used to sequentially clean the raw waveform data acquired by the probe, extract the number of defect waves, time difference and amplitude, identify defects, and classify the identified defects based on the random forest algorithm.

7. A three-dimensional moving platform for constant pressure ultrasonic flaw detection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The processor acquires two-dimensional defect point cloud data from multiple adjacent longitudinal sections, performs cluster analysis based on the DBSCAN clustering algorithm, removes noise points, and renders the point set belonging to the same defect into a three-dimensional model.

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