Modularized water quality detection system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water quality detection, and discloses a modular water quality detection system which comprises a water absorption module, a reversing module is fixedly mounted at the top of the water absorption module, the top of the reversing module is fixedly connected with a detection module through a pipeline, and a backflushing-emptying system is fixedly mounted at the other end of the detection module. The water suction module comprises an outer integrated header pipe, a flow slowing cover and a stainless steel filter screen, the outer integrated header pipe is a hollow pipe body, a first water suction pipe, a second water suction pipe and a third water suction pipe are fixedly installed in the water suction module and are all L-shaped pipes, and the tops of the first water suction pipe, the second water suction pipe and the third water suction pipe are radially arranged at the top end of the water suction module; and the other end is axially arranged along the side wall of the water absorption module. According to the invention, accurate and rapid sampling of water bodies with different water depths is realized, and meanwhile, the problems of cross contamination and heat loss caused by a long pipeline are avoided through short pipeline integrated detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water quality testing technology, and in particular to a modular water quality testing system. Background Technology

[0002] The purpose of water quality testing is to provide a basis for the control of water treatment processes, and to ensure that the treated water quality meets the expected requirements and the prescribed water quality standards, and to understand the operating status of water treatment equipment. [2] Water is the source of life, and humans cannot live without water in their daily lives and production activities. The quality of drinking water is closely related to human health. With the development of the social economy, scientific progress and the improvement of people's living standards, people's requirements for the quality of drinking water are constantly increasing, and drinking water quality standards are also constantly developing and improving. Moreover, water quality testing is also applied in aquaculture, sewage purification and other fields. Real-time and accurate monitoring of water quality parameters such as dissolved oxygen, pH value, ammonia nitrogen content and water temperature is the key data to ensure water quality testing.

[0003] Currently, common water quality testing methods in the industry can be mainly divided into two categories: The first is manual sampling and laboratory analysis, where staff periodically collect water samples from different locations and depths in the water body and send them to a laboratory for chemical analysis. While this method offers high analytical accuracy, it suffers from significant time lag and cannot reflect instantaneous changes in water quality. Furthermore, manual operation is prone to introducing errors, and long-term labor costs are high, making it difficult to meet the real-time requirements of modern large-scale water quality testing. The second method is long-term immersion of online monitoring probes, where probes integrating multiple sensors are fixed in the water body for continuous monitoring. Although this method provides continuous data, the sensors are exposed to the complex aquatic environment for extended periods, which can lead to algae and microbial biofilm adhesion, physical scaling, and chemical corrosion. This results in decreased sensor sensitivity, slow response, sensor drift, inaccurate measurement, and a significantly shortened lifespan.

[0004] To overcome the aforementioned shortcomings, some improved solutions have emerged in existing technologies. These typically employ a combination of pump suction and multi-valve switching, concentrating water quality sensors at a shore-based monitoring station. Water samples from different depths are then drawn to the shore station via long-distance pipelines for analysis. This design aims to avoid prolonged sensor immersion. However, this approach introduces new technical challenges: First, the lengthy pipeline system is difficult to clean thoroughly, easily leading to cross-contamination when switching between different water sample sources, affecting the representativeness and accuracy of subsequent sample analysis. Second, especially when there is a significant difference between ambient and water temperatures, the long pipeline causes substantial heat loss during sample transport, distorting temperature sensor readings and potentially affecting other temperature-dependent parameters. Finally, the laying, maintenance, and antifreeze treatment of the long pipelines increase system complexity and maintenance costs.

[0005] In summary, existing technologies, despite various attempts, have consistently struggled to achieve an effective balance between real-time monitoring, data accuracy, system maintenance convenience, and overall operating costs. The market urgently needs an innovative water quality testing system that can achieve precise stratified sampling while fundamentally avoiding prolonged sensor immersion; it should minimize heat loss and cross-contamination risks through modular design, short piping, and insulation; it should integrate automatic draining and backwashing functions to significantly reduce the frequency of manual intervention and maintenance; and ideally, it should be compatible with on-site tap water or simply treated water samples as backwashing sources to further reduce operating costs. Therefore, developing a modular water quality testing system that meets the needs of modern intelligent management has become a pressing technical challenge in this field.

[0006] Therefore, we propose a modular water quality testing system. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention mainly addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art and provides a modular water quality testing system.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a modular water quality testing system, comprising a water absorption module, a reversing module fixedly installed on the top of the water absorption module, the top of the reversing module being fixedly connected to the testing module via a pipe, and a backflushing-draining system fixedly installed at the other end of the testing module. The water absorption module includes an external integrated main pipe, a flow damper, and a stainless steel filter screen. The external integrated main pipe is a hollow tube. A first water absorption pipe, a second water absorption pipe, and a third water absorption pipe are fixedly installed inside the water absorption module. The first water absorption pipe, the second water absorption pipe, and the third water absorption pipe are all L-shaped pipes, with their tops arranged radially at the top of the water absorption module and their other ends arranged axially along the side wall of the water absorption module.

[0009] Preferably, the ends of the first, second, and third water suction pipes arranged axially all penetrate the side wall of the water suction module and are fixedly installed with a flow-damping hood. The flow-damping hood has a trumpet-shaped structure, and a stainless steel filter screen is fixedly installed at the port of each set of flow-damping hoods.

[0010] Preferably, the top of the water absorption module is fixedly connected to the reversing module via a quick-connect interface. The quick-connect interface is a four-way pipe, and the interface of the quick-connect interface is either snap-fit ​​or threaded. A sealing ring is provided at the pipe opening of the quick-connect interface. The quick-connect interface is connected to the reversing module and three sets of water inlet pipes: the first water absorption pipe, the second water absorption pipe, and the third water absorption pipe. The reversing module controls the quick-connect interface to switch on and off, switching the first water absorption pipe, the second water absorption pipe, and the third water absorption pipe to be connected to the reversing module.

[0011] Preferably, the water-absorbing module is a hollow structure made of high-density polyethylene material.

[0012] Preferably, the water-absorbing module adopts a metal frame or an engineering plastic shell, and the bottom of the water-absorbing module is provided with a metal rod with barbs or a spiral structure.

[0013] Preferably, the detection module includes a sensor group, signal lines, a control center, and a support base. The control center is fixedly installed on the top of the support base. The control center contains a processing chip and a communication module. The control center is electrically connected to the sensor group via the signal lines. The sensor group includes a first sensor, a second sensor, a third sensor, a fourth sensor, and a water quality detection tube. The water quality detection tube has a tubular structure, and its two sides extend outward to form horn-shaped interfaces that communicate with the reversing module and the detection module. The first sensor, the second sensor, the third sensor, and the fourth sensor are sequentially installed on the side wall of the water quality detection tube.

[0014] Preferably, the first sensor, the second sensor, the third sensor, and the fourth sensor are a dissolved oxygen sensor, a pH sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, and a temperature sensor, respectively.

[0015] Preferably, the backflushing-draining system includes a pressure pump, a two-way switching valve, a drain pipe, and a clean water inlet pipe. The pressure pump creates negative pressure to extract air and wastewater from the detection module for testing. The two-way switching valve has a three-way valve body. One end of the two-way switching valve is connected to the pressure pump through a three-way pipe, and the other end of the two-way switching valve is fixedly installed with a drain pipe. The last end of the two-way switching valve is fixedly installed with a clean water inlet pipe.

[0016] As a preferred method, a 3-8 second evacuation operation is performed during each sampling to create a negative pressure of -0.02 MPa to -0.03 MPa. During backflushing, each operation lasts for 5-15 seconds, with a backflushing water pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa.

[0017] Preferably, a rope is fixedly installed at the bottom of the water absorption module, and a counterweight is fixedly installed at the other end of the rope.

[0018] Beneficial effects

[0019] This invention provides a modular water quality testing system. It has the following advantages:

[0020] (1) This modular water quality testing system divides the system into a water intake module, a reversing module, a testing module and a backflushing-draining system. It adopts an L-shaped water intake pipe with radial convergence and axial distribution and a trumpet-shaped slow flow cover design. With quick-connect interface, it realizes quick connection and sealing between modules, and achieves accurate and rapid sampling of water bodies at different depths. At the same time, the integrated testing through short pipeline avoids the cross-contamination and heat loss problems caused by long pipeline. It achieves the technical effects of improving the representativeness of sampling, ensuring the accuracy of testing and simplifying system deployment and maintenance.

[0021] (2) This modular water quality testing system utilizes a negative pressure venting and positive pressure backflushing circuit composed of a pressure pump and a three-way valve body. The system specifically defines the operating parameters for the venting stage (3-8 seconds, -0.02 MPa to -0.03 MPa) and the backflushing stage (5-15 seconds, 0.3-0.5 MPa). This enables automatic cleaning of the testing pipeline and sensor before and after each test, effectively eliminating residual water samples and bubble interference, preventing sensor contamination and biological adhesion, significantly extending sensor lifespan, and maintaining long-term testing accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0023] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water absorption module structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the detection module structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the backflush-venting system structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the multi-mode communication and data security architecture of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the intelligent communication and control method of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a data flow diagram of the integrated monitoring platform and linkage control of the present invention.

[0031] Legend:

[0032] 1. Water intake module; 11. External integrated main pipe; 121. First water intake pipe; 122. Second water intake pipe; 123. Third water intake pipe; 13. Flow buffer; 14. Stainless steel filter screen;

[0033] 2. Reversing module;

[0034] 3. Detection module; 311. First sensor; 312. Second sensor; 313. Third sensor; 314. Fourth sensor; 315. Water quality detection tube; 32. Signal line; 33. Control center; 34. Support base;

[0035] 4. Backflush-drain system; 41. Pressure pump; 42. Two-way switching valve; 43. Drain pipe; 44. Clean water inlet pipe;

[0036] 5. Quick-connect interface;

[0037] 6. Counterweight; 61. Rope. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example: A modular water quality testing system, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, it includes a water absorption module 1, a reversing module 2 fixedly installed on the top of the water absorption module 1, and the top of the reversing module 2 fixedly connected to the detection module 3 through a pipe. The other end of the detection module 3 is fixedly installed with a backflushing-draining system 4. Its basic principle is that when the water absorption module 1 is placed in water, the backflushing-draining system 4 generates negative pressure to extract water at different water levels, and the water quality is tested by the detection module 3.

[0040] Furthermore, the water absorption module 1 includes an external integrated main pipe 11, a flow damper 13, and a stainless steel filter screen 14. The external integrated main pipe 11 is a hollow tube. The water absorption module 1 is internally fixedly equipped with a first water absorption pipe 121, a second water absorption pipe 122, and a third water absorption pipe 123. The first water absorption pipe 121, the second water absorption pipe 122, and the third water absorption pipe 123 are all L-shaped pipes. Their tops are arranged radially at the top of the water absorption module 1, and their other ends are arranged axially along the side wall of the water absorption module 1. The axial arrangement can extract water at different water levels, and the radial arrangement facilitates pipe connection.

[0041] Furthermore, the ends of the first suction pipe 121, the second suction pipe 122, and the third suction pipe 123 arranged axially all penetrate the side wall of the suction module 1 and are fixedly installed with a flow-damping cover 13. The flow-damping cover 13 has a trumpet-shaped structure to reduce the influence of water flow speed. A stainless steel filter screen 14 is fixedly installed at the port of each set of flow-damping covers 13 to filter out impurities in the water.

[0042] Furthermore, the top of the water absorption module 1 is fixedly connected to the reversing module 2 via a quick-connect interface 5. The quick-connect interface 5 is a four-way pipe with a snap-fit ​​or threaded connection, and a sealing ring at the pipe opening. It connects the reversing module 2 to three sets of water inlet pipes: the first water intake pipe 121, the second water intake pipe 122, and the third water intake pipe 123. The reversing module 2 controls the quick-connect interface 5 to switch the connection between the first water intake pipe 121, the second water intake pipe 122, and the third water intake pipe 123 and the reversing module 2. In some embodiments, the water absorption module 1 can float or be fixed in the water. When floating, the water absorption module 1 is a hollow structure made of high-density polyethylene. When fixed, the water absorption module 1 uses a metal frame or engineering plastic shell, and its bottom is connected to the pool bottom via a metal rod with barbs or a spiral structure.

[0043] Furthermore, the detection module 3 includes a sensor group, a signal line 32, a control center 33, and a support base 34. The support base 34 is fixedly installed in a suitable position, and the control center 33 is fixedly installed on the top of the support base 34. The control center 33 is equipped with a processing chip and a communication module. The control center 33 is electrically connected to the sensor group through the signal line 32 to acquire data from the sensor group. The sensor group includes a first sensor 311, a second sensor 312, a third sensor 313, a fourth sensor 314, and a water quality detection tube 315. The water quality detection tube 315 has a tubular structure, with both sides extending outward to form horn-shaped interfaces. These horn-shaped interfaces connect the tube to the reversing module 2 and the detection module 3. In some embodiments, the diameter of the water quality detection tube 315 is 0.8 times that of the output tube of the reversing module 2, which increases the water flow rate, makes the water quality detection tube 315 easier to fill with water, and allows air to be quickly expelled, thus improving the efficiency of the sensor in acquiring data. The first sensor 311, the second sensor 312, the third sensor 313, and the fourth sensor 314 are existing devices, which are sequentially installed on the side wall of the water quality detection tube 315. When water flows through the water quality detection tube 315, the water flow is detected.

[0044] The first sensor 311, the second sensor 312, the third sensor 313, and the fourth sensor 314 are a dissolved oxygen sensor, a pH sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, and a temperature sensor, respectively. The dissolved oxygen sensor is a device used to measure the dissolved oxygen content in water, specifically implemented using an electrochemical sensor or an optical fluorescence sensor, acquiring dissolved oxygen concentration data through contact with the water sample. The pH sensor is a device used to detect the acidity or alkalinity of the water sample, specifically implemented using a glass electrode or a solid-state electrode, measuring the pH value through potential difference. The ammonia nitrogen sensor is a device used to detect the ammonia nitrogen content in water, specifically implemented using an ion-selective electrode or a colorimetric sensor, acquiring concentration data through chemical reactions or optical absorption principles. The temperature sensor is a device used to measure the temperature of the water sample, specifically implemented using a thermistor or a thermocouple, reflecting the temperature value through changes in resistance or potential difference.

[0045] Furthermore, the backflushing-draining system 4 includes a pressure pump 41, a two-way switching valve 42, a drain pipe 43, and a clean water inlet pipe 44. The pressure pump 41 creates negative pressure to extract air and wastewater from the detection module 3 for testing. The two-way switching valve 42 has a three-way valve body. One end of the two-way switching valve 42 is connected to the pressure pump 41 through a three-way pipe, and the other end of the two-way switching valve 42 is fixedly installed with the drain pipe 43. During the draining stage, the extracted air and wastewater are discharged through the drain pipe 43. The last end of the two-way switching valve 42 is fixedly installed with the clean water inlet pipe 44, which is fixedly connected to an external clean water source. After the water body test is completed, the external water source enters from the clean water inlet pipe 44 to rinse the inner wall of the detection module 3, ready for the next test.

[0046] During each sampling, a 3-8 second purging operation is performed to create a negative pressure of -0.02 MPa to -0.03 MPa to completely remove the water and air, eliminating the interference of air bubbles on the readings of the sensor's optical components or electrodes. During backflush, each operation lasts 5-15 seconds, with a backflush water pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa.

[0047] To ensure that the water absorption module 1 is arranged vertically in the water, a rope 61 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the water absorption module 1, and a counterweight 6 is fixedly installed at the other end of the rope 61. The counterweight 6 is an existing structure, which makes the gravity on the bottom of the water absorption module 1 greater than the buoyancy, thus keeping the water absorption module 1 in a vertical state.

[0048] The system's control center 33 integrates a high-performance processing chip and a multi-mode communication module, constructing a reliable data transmission and protection system. This multi-mode communication module specifically includes a wireless communication unit and a wired communication unit. The wireless communication unit employs electromagnetic wave-based data transmission technology, and its hardware implementation utilizes one or more combinations of Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, 4G / 5G mobile communication, or LoRa low-power wide-area network modules to adapt to remote data transmission needs in different distances and scenarios. Specifically, when using a LoRa module, its communication distance can reach 2 kilometers without repeaters, and by deploying repeaters around the water body to be detected, this communication distance can be extended to over 5 kilometers. The wired communication unit employs physical cable-based data transmission technology, and its hardware implementation utilizes an RS485 bus interface, Ethernet interface, or USB communication interface, suitable for stable and high-speed data transmission in fixed locations. The control center 33... After completing the data acquisition of the sensor group in the water quality detection tube 315, the physical signals characterizing parameters such as dissolved oxygen, pH value, ammonia nitrogen, and temperature are converted into standard electrical signals and encapsulated to form a standardized data packet. When wireless transmission is enabled, the data packet is sent to the preset local area network gateway or mobile network base station and finally routed to the designated cloud platform database or remote host computer. When wired transmission is enabled, the encapsulated data is directly transmitted to the locally deployed industrial control computer or server host through shielded twisted pair or Ethernet cable. To ensure the integrity and reliability of data transmission, a cyclic redundancy check mechanism is embedded in the data encapsulation process. When the data transmission link is unexpectedly interrupted, the control center (33) automatically activates the local cache storage function, temporarily stores the data to be transmitted in non-volatile memory, continuously monitors the status of the communication link, and automatically executes the breakpoint resume and data retransmission process after the link is restored, thereby constructing a reliable communication system with a full link from data acquisition, encapsulation, transmission to integrity assurance.

[0049] The specific control method is executed collaboratively by the processing chip and communication module integrated within the control center 33, achieving intelligent data transmission and system operation and maintenance. The method specifically includes: a communication mode adaptive selection step, where the control center 33 monitors the signal strength and link quality of each available communication interface in real time, and automatically selects the optimal communication path for data transmission according to a preset strategy. For example, in the office area of ​​the water body under test with stable signals, Wi-Fi or Ethernet is prioritized to save bandwidth, while in the open-air water body area under test, it automatically switches to 4G / 5G or LoRa network; and a data encapsulation and remote transmission step, where the control unit performs analog-to-digital conversion and data calibration on the readings from the dissolved oxygen sensor, pH sensor, ammonia nitrogen sensor, and temperature sensor, and then transmits the data according to MQTT or Modbus. The data is encapsulated using the TCP / IP standard protocol and uploaded via the selected communication path. The host computer is equipped with a data visualization interface that can render and display the change curves of water quality parameters in each water layer in real time. The cloud platform refers to a remote data storage and analysis system based on the Internet. After receiving the data, it not only stores it but also performs data comparison and analysis. The intelligent alarm and notification process involves triggering a multi-channel alarm mechanism immediately when the cloud platform or host computer detects that any water quality parameter exceeds the preset safety threshold. This automatically generates alarm information and sends an alert containing the specific exceeding parameter, value, and detection time to one or more preset administrator terminals via SMS gateway, mobile application push server, or email server. The remote system maintenance process allows the cloud platform or authorized host computer to issue remote commands to the control center 33. These commands include system parameter configuration updates, detection task plan adjustments, and firmware upgrade programs. Upon receiving the firmware upgrade command, the control center 33 can download the update package and complete the online refresh and restart of the system program via the established communication link without on-site personnel intervention. This enables remote system diagnosis and maintenance, significantly reducing operation and maintenance costs.

[0050] A comprehensive monitoring platform is built on a cloud server or local server, and connected to one or more water quality monitoring systems deployed in the water body to be monitored via a communication network, forming a centralized management architecture that integrates data relay, visualization, and execution device linkage. The core functions of the platform include: distributed data aggregation, receiving real-time data uploaded from multiple water quality monitoring system control centers (33), which may be aggregated to the platform after extending the communication range via LoRa network repeaters; the platform parses, denoises, and normalizes the data, and stores it in a time-series database; and multi-level data visualization, providing a graphical human-computer interaction interface that dynamically displays historical and real-time water quality data for each monitoring point and water layer in various forms such as numbers, dashboards, and trend graphs, and supports user-defined report generation. The platform incorporates data backtracking analysis; intelligent alarm and strategy execution functions; and a configurable alarm rule engine that allows users to set upper and lower thresholds for different parameters. When data is abnormal, the platform not only executes the multi-channel alarm notification as described in claim 2, but also automatically generates control commands. It also performs equipment linkage control functions, integrating with the auxiliary equipment control system in the water body under test through a standard application programming interface or IoT protocol. When the platform logically determines that intervention is needed based on water quality data, it automatically sends a start command to the designated aerator controller. Similarly, it can control the start / stop of the feeder or adjust the feeding amount based on abnormal pH values, thus forming a closed-loop automatic control circuit of "detection-analysis-alarm-execution," achieving intelligent management of water quality testing and fundamentally improving the efficiency and reliability of production management.

[0051] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A modular water quality testing system, comprising a water absorption module (1), characterized in that: A reversing module (2) is fixedly installed on the top of the water absorption module (1). The top of the reversing module (2) is fixedly connected to the detection module (3) through a pipe. A backflushing-draining system (4) is fixedly installed on the other end of the detection module (3). The water absorption module (1) includes an external integrated main pipe (11), a flow hood (13), and a stainless steel filter screen (14). The external integrated main pipe (11) is a hollow tube. The water absorption module (1) is fixedly installed with a first water absorption pipe (121), a second water absorption pipe (122), and a third water absorption pipe (123). The first water absorption pipe (121), the second water absorption pipe (122), and the third water absorption pipe (123) are all L-shaped pipes. Their tops are arranged radially at the top of the water absorption module (1), and their other ends are arranged axially along the side wall of the water absorption module (1).

2. The modular water quality testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ends of the first suction pipe (121), the second suction pipe (122) and the third suction pipe (123) arranged axially all penetrate the side wall of the suction module (1) and are fixedly installed with a flow hood (13). The flow hood (13) has a trumpet-shaped structure, and a stainless steel filter screen (14) is fixedly installed at the port of each set of flow hoods (13).

3. The modular water quality testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the water absorption module (1) is fixedly connected to the reversing module (2) via a quick-connect interface (5). The quick-connect interface (5) is a four-way pipe. The interface of the quick-connect interface (5) is either snap-fit ​​or threaded. A sealing ring is provided at the pipe opening of the quick-connect interface (5). The quick-connect interface (5) is connected to the reversing module (2) and three sets of water inlet pipes: the first water absorption pipe (121), the second water absorption pipe (122), and the third water absorption pipe (123). The reversing module (2) controls the quick-connect interface (5) to switch the first water absorption pipe (121), the second water absorption pipe (122), and the third water absorption pipe (123) to be connected to the reversing module (2).

4. The modular water quality testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-absorbing module (1) is a hollow structure made of high-density polyethylene material.

5. A modular water quality testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-absorbing module (1) adopts a metal frame or engineering plastic shell, and the bottom of the water-absorbing module (1) is provided with a metal rod with barbs or a spiral structure.

6. The modular water quality testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection module (3) includes a sensor group, a signal line (32), a control center (33), and a support base (34). The control center (33) is fixedly installed on the top of the support base (34). The control center (33) is equipped with a processing chip and a communication module. The control center (33) is electrically connected to the sensor group through the signal line (32). The sensor group includes a first sensor (311), a second sensor (312), a third sensor (313), a fourth sensor (314), and a water quality detection tube (315). The water quality detection tube (315) is a tubular structure. The two sides of the water quality detection tube (315) extend outward to form a horn-shaped interface that communicates with the reversing module (2) and the detection module (3). The first sensor (311), the second sensor (312), the third sensor (313), and the fourth sensor (314) are installed sequentially on the side wall of the water quality detection tube (315).

7. A modular water quality testing system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first sensor (311), the second sensor (312), the third sensor (313), and the fourth sensor (314) are a dissolved oxygen sensor, a pH sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, and a temperature sensor, respectively.

8. A modular water quality testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backflushing-draining system (4) includes a pressure pump (41), a two-way switching valve (42), a drain pipe (43), and a clean water inlet pipe (44). The pressure pump (41) generates negative pressure to extract air and wastewater from the detection module (3) for detection. The two-way switching valve (42) is a three-way valve body. One end of the two-way switching valve (42) is connected to the pressure pump (41) through a three-way pipe. The other end of the two-way switching valve (42) is fixedly installed with a drain pipe (43). The last end of the two-way switching valve (42) is fixedly installed with a clean water inlet pipe (44).

9. A modular water quality testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each sampling involves a 3-8 second evacuation operation to create a negative pressure of -0.02 MPa to -0.03 MPa. During backflushing, each operation lasts 5-15 seconds, with a backflushing water pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa.

10. A modular water quality testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rope (61) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the water absorption module (1), and a counterweight (6) is fixedly installed at the other end of the rope (61).

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