Self-cleaning descaling device of desizing machine and use method of self-cleaning descaling device

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-cleaning descaling device of a desizing machine and a using method of the self-cleaning descaling device, and belongs to the field of solid waste cleaning.The self-cleaning descaling device of the desizing machine comprises a machine table, a conveying roller, a detection mechanism, a cleaning main machine, a power assembly, a feeding assembly, a positioning mechanism and a controller, the detection mechanism comprises an optical assembly and an auxiliary unit, the surface of the conveying roller is detected by utilizing different reflectivity after the surface of the conveying roller is scaled and utilizing light rays, manual intervention is not needed, meanwhile, dry ice particles are emitted to the surface of the scaled conveying roller by utilizing a spray head of the cleaning main machine, and solid dirt is embrittled by utilizing the dry ice particles to crack the solid dirt; meanwhile, the influence on the conveying roller body is reduced, the effect of protecting the conveying roller is achieved, in addition, the dry ice particles can be automatically gasified and degraded, and the environment-friendly effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention discloses a self-cleaning and descaling device for a desizing machine and its usage method, belonging to the field of solid waste cleaning. Background Technology

[0002] Desizing machines are key equipment in fabric pretreatment. Their purpose is to remove the sizing applied to the warp yarns during weaving to restore the inherent properties of the fibers and improve the fabric's wettability, hand feel, and the quality of subsequent dyeing and printing.

[0003] During the desizing process, the fabric is conveyed by the conveyor rollers on the desizing machine. When the fabric moves in one direction inside the desizing machine, the conveyor rollers are in close contact with the fabric surface, providing pressure and forward motion. Therefore, during the desizing process, due to the pressure exerted on the fabric by the conveyor rollers, some of the sizing material and fiber debris on the fabric surface will inevitably adhere to the surface of the conveyor rollers. Over time, these impurities will combine with chemical agents to form a hard dirt layer on the roller surface, resulting in a reduction in the quality of subsequent production.

[0004] Currently, manufacturers typically inspect the dirt layer on the conveyor rollers with the naked eye and then use scrapers or abrasive paper to polish the surface of the conveyor rollers. This method is not only inefficient, but also causes the scrapers, abrasive paper and other tools to directly contact the surface of the conveyor rollers, which can easily scratch the originally smooth conveyor rollers and reduce their precision.

[0005] In response to the above problems, a new improvement plan is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-cleaning and descaling device for a desizing machine and its usage method in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0007] This invention achieves the above objective through the following technical solution: a self-cleaning and descaling device for a desizing machine, comprising: The machine platform is fixedly installed on the ground to support various components; Conveyor rollers, rotatably mounted on the machine base, are used to transport fabric; The testing mechanism, fixedly connected to the machine, is used to identify whether a solid scale layer has formed on the surface of the conveyor roller; A cleaning host is fixedly connected to the machine base. The cleaning host is equipped with a nozzle, which is connected to the cleaning host via a hose. The nozzle can emit degradable high-speed particles toward the surface of the conveyor roller. The power unit, located on the machine platform, provides high-pressure air to the cleaning unit. The feeding assembly, located on the machine base, is used to produce biodegradable particles for use by the cleaning host. A positioning mechanism, mounted on the machine platform, is used to position the nozzle relative to the machine platform. The positioning mechanism includes a lifting component, a forward / backward component, and a translation component. The controller is fixedly installed on the machine and is used to set, process, and display various parameters and data. The detection mechanism includes optical components and auxiliary units. The optical components integrate a transmitter and a receiver. Multiple sets of optical components are arrayed along the length of the conveyor roller. The forward and backward assembly includes a first track, a first mover, and a column. The first track is drivenly connected to the lifting assembly. The first mover is slidably connected to the first track. The column is fixedly connected to the first mover. The translation assembly is fixedly connected to the column. The translation assembly includes a second track and a second mover. The second track is fixedly connected to the column. The second mover is slidably connected to the second track. The nozzle is fixedly connected to the second mover.

[0008] Preferably, the power assembly includes an air compressor, an air tank, and a dryer connected in sequence by pipelines, and the air compressor, air tank, and dryer are all fixedly connected to the machine base.

[0009] Preferably, the feeding assembly includes a raw material tank, a granulator, and a storage box connected in sequence by pipelines. The raw material tank and the granulator are fixedly connected to the machine base, and the storage box is detachably connected to the granulator.

[0010] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a push plate and a cylinder, the cylinder is fixedly connected to the machine base, the push plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder, and the forward / backward assembly is fixedly mounted on the push plate.

[0011] A method of using a self-cleaning descaling device includes the following steps: S1. Initialization: The optical components emit light onto the clean conveyor roller surface and receive the light reflected from the clean surface to obtain the baseline data of 100% reflectivity. The reflectivity attenuation degree to be cleaned is set. Then, the controller operates the positioning mechanism to make the nozzle vertically face the conveyor roller and obtain the position coordinates. S2. Detection: After the conveyor roller has been working continuously for a period of time, light is emitted towards the surface of the conveyor roller using optical components and reflected light is received. Several optical components arranged in an array along the length of the conveyor roller acquire multiple sets of reflectivity data, and the attenuation of multiple sets of reflectivity is obtained after calculation by an auxiliary unit. S3. Make a judgment: compare the reflectivity attenuation obtained in S2 with the attenuation set in S1. If the attenuation is insufficient, the equipment can continue to run. If the attenuation is greater than or equal to the attenuation set in S1, the information that the conveyor roller needs to be cleaned will be fed back to the operation panel. S4. Cleaning preparation: In S3, if it is determined that cleaning is required, the pre-cleaning preparation work begins. The feeding component begins to prepare biodegradable particles and fills them into the cleaning host. The power component generates clean high-pressure air and delivers it to the cleaning host. S5, Descaling: The controller sends a command to keep the conveyor roller rotating at a low speed. At the same time, the positioning mechanism positions the nozzle according to the multiple sets of attenuation values ​​obtained in S2. Then the nozzle starts to spray high-speed particles to hit the solid waste layer on the conveyor roller and make it fall off. S6. Verification: The optical components detect the light reflectivity of the area cleaned by the nozzle and compare it with the 100% reflectivity in S1. S7. If the light reflectivity is qualified in S6, the conveyor roller can continue to be used for operation; otherwise, continue cleaning until it is qualified.

[0012] Preferably, S5 further includes S5.1, in which the lifting component in the positioning mechanism causes the nozzle to be perpendicular to the surface of the conveying roller according to the position coordinates in S1.

[0013] Preferably, S5 further includes S5.2, in which the translation component in the positioning mechanism drives the nozzle to move along the length direction of the conveying roller to ensure that the entire conveying roller is covered.

[0014] Preferably, S5 further includes S5.3, in which the forward and backward components in the positioning mechanism adjust the distance between the nozzle and the surface of the conveying roller according to the multiple sets of attenuation data obtained in S2.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The degree of scaling on the surface of the conveyor roller is determined by the reflectivity of light. When scaling occurs on the surface of the conveyor roller, the reflectivity of light shining on the surface of the conveyor roller will decrease. The degree of scaling is determined by the degree of reflectivity attenuation. The identification is accurate and fast, and no manual identification is required.

[0016] By firing biodegradable high-speed particles, specifically micro dry ice particles, onto the surface of the scaled conveyor rollers, the extremely low temperature of the dry ice particles causes the dirt to become brittle and crack, creating thermal stress with the metal conveyor roller surface, thus peeling it off. This process is less likely to damage the conveyor roller itself. At the same time, the dry ice particles can automatically degrade and dissipate, making it more environmentally friendly and eliminating the need for manual cleaning. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting assembly in the raised state of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the detection mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning host and power component structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting component structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the advancing / retreating component and the translating component of the present invention.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1. Machine base; 2. Conveyor roller; 3. Detection mechanism; 31. Optical component; 32. Auxiliary unit; 4. Cleaning main unit; 41. Nozzle; 42. Hose; 5. Power component; 51. Air compressor; 52. Air tank; 53. Dryer; 6. Feeding component; 61. Raw material tank; 62. Granulator; 63. Storage box; 7. Lifting component; 71. Push plate; 72. Cylinder; 8. Forward and backward component; 81. First track; 82. First mover; 83. Column; 9. Translation component; 91. Second track; 92. Second mover; 10. Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this description, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a self-cleaning and descaling device for a desizing machine includes: Machine base 1 is fixedly installed on the ground to support various components; Conveyor roller 2 is rotatably mounted on machine base 1 and is used to transport fabric; The detection mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the machine base 1 and is used to identify whether a solid scale layer has formed on the surface of the conveyor roller 2; The cleaning host 4 is fixedly connected to the machine base 1. The cleaning host 4 is equipped with a nozzle 41, which is connected to the cleaning host 4 via a hose 42. The nozzle 41 can emit biodegradable high-speed particles toward the surface of the conveyor roller 2. The cleaning host 4 is set as a dry ice cleaning machine, and the nozzle 41 specifically sprays dry ice particles. The hose 42 needs to be a specially made spray hose with an internal heat insulation layer to prevent the dry ice particles from sublimating prematurely. The power unit 5, mounted on the machine base 1, provides high-pressure air to the cleaning host 4; The feeding component 6 is set on the machine base 1 and is used to produce biodegradable particles for use by the cleaning host 4, specifically to generate dry ice particles. A positioning mechanism is installed on the machine base 1 and is used to position the nozzle 41 relative to the machine base 1. The positioning mechanism includes a lifting component 7, a forward and backward component 8 and a translation component 9. The controller 10 is fixedly installed on the machine base 1 and is used to set and process various parameters and display data. The detection mechanism 3 includes an optical component 31 and an auxiliary unit 32. The optical component 31, auxiliary unit 32, and controller 10 are electrically connected. The optical component 31 integrates a transmitter and a receiver, namely a light source and an optical sensor, and is configured as a direct reflection type. The light source and sensor are integrated into the same probe and are almost on the same axis. A beam splitter is usually used to separate the transmitting and receiving optical paths. The optical component 31 uses a laser diode, which can generate a highly concentrated, monochromatic beam with high detection accuracy, making it particularly suitable for small areas or scenarios requiring high-resolution measurements. It should be noted that in order for the sensor to distinguish the effective signal from the ambient light, advanced light sources are high-frequency modulated, that is, the light source flashes rapidly at a specific frequency, and the receiver only recognizes the signal at that frequency, thereby greatly suppressing the interference of ambient light. The auxiliary unit 32 integrates an amplifier, a filter, an analog-to-digital converter, and a microprocessor. The amplifier is used to amplify the raw signal output by the sensor, and the filter... The filter is used to remove interference from the environment. The analog-to-digital converter is used to convert electrical signals into digital signals for microprocessor processing. The optical components 31 are arrayed in multiple groups along the length of the conveyor roller 2. Therefore, the conveyor roller 2 is divided into multiple regions along its length, and each region corresponds one-to-one with the optical component 31 to obtain different reflectivities in each region. The controller 10 includes a control box, an operation panel, a main processor, and a signal terminal. The operation panel is fixedly mounted on the control box. A main board is provided between the operation panel, the main processor, and the signal terminal to form a signal connection between them. The operation panel is used to set parameters and control the detection mechanism 3, the cleaning host 4, the power component 5, the feeding component 6, and the positioning mechanism. The signal terminal is used to receive and send signals. The main processor is used to process the signals received by the signal terminal. When using the controller 10, commands are input through the operation panel, and the feedback data can also be observed through the operation panel. This is a common practice in the field and will not be described in detail here.

[0021] When using this product, when the optical component 31 hits the clean conveyor roller 2, the reflectivity value it obtains is the maximum value, which is taken as 100% reflectivity. When scale builds up on the conveyor roller 2, its reflectivity will decrease. When the reflectivity decreases by a certain value, such as 30%-60% (the specific value can be set according to actual needs), the control panel of the controller 10 will send an alarm indicating that cleaning is required. At this time, the operator can use the cleaning host 4 to clean the conveyor roller 2. The controller 10 controls the positioning mechanism to align the nozzle 41 with the conveyor roller 2. With the help of the power component 5 and the feeding component 6, the cleaning host 4 can fire dry ice particles at the conveyor roller 2 through the nozzle 41. The biodegradable dry ice particles hit the solid waste layer on the surface of the conveyor roller 2. The extremely low temperature of the dry ice particles causes the dirt to become brittle and crack, generating thermal stress on the surface of the metal conveyor roller 2, thus peeling it off. During the continuous impact, the dry ice particles instantly vaporize and expand in volume, lifting the dirt adhering to the surface of the conveyor roller 2 without damaging the conveyor roller 2 itself.

[0022] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the power assembly 5 includes an air compressor 51, an air tank 52, and a dryer 53 connected in sequence by pipelines. The air compressor 51, air tank 52, and dryer 53 are all fixedly connected to the machine base 1. The air compressor 51 is used to generate high-pressure air, which enters the air tank 52 for buffering and stabilization. Then the air passes through the dryer 53 to remove moisture, preventing the air with moisture from freezing after contact with dry ice. Finally, the dry and clean air enters the cleaning host 4 for standby.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the feeding assembly 6 includes a raw material tank 61, a granulator 62, and a storage tank 63 connected in sequence by pipelines. The raw material tank 61 and the granulator 62 are fixedly connected to the machine base 1, and the storage tank 63 is detachably connected to the granulator 62. The raw material tank 61 stores liquid carbon dioxide, and the granulator 62 is specifically configured as a dry ice granulator 62. After being granulated by the granulator 62, the granules fall into the storage tank 63 for heat preservation and storage. When descaling is required, the dry ice granules in the storage tank 63 are filled into the cleaning host 4.

[0024] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the lifting assembly 7 includes a push plate 71 and a cylinder 72. The cylinder 72 is fixedly connected to the machine base 1, and the push plate 71 is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder 72. The forward and backward assembly 8 is fixedly installed on the push plate 71. When using the lifting assembly 7, the cylinder 72 is extended and retracted by the controller 10 to achieve the lifting effect.

[0025] like Figure 7As shown, the forward / reverse assembly 8 includes a first track 81, a first mover 82, and a column 83. The first track 81 is fixedly connected to the push plate 71, the first mover 82 is slidably connected to the first track 81, the column 83 is fixedly connected to the first mover 82, and the translation assembly 9 is fixedly connected to the column 83. The forward / reverse assembly 8 of this product is set as a linear motor. A linear motor is often simply described as a mover moving on a magnetic track, which will not be elaborated here. When it is necessary to adjust the distance between the nozzle 41 and the surface of the conveyor roller 2, the controller 10 is used to control the first mover 82 to move forward. The forward and backward movement achieves the adjustment effect. Similarly, the translation component 9 includes a second track 91 and a second mover 92. The translation component 9 of this product is also set as a linear motor. The second track 91 is fixedly connected to the column 83, the second mover 92 is slidably connected to the second track 91, and the nozzle 41 is fixedly connected to the second mover 92. During the descaling process, the controller 10 sends a command to use the translation component 9 to drive the nozzle 41 to reciprocate along the length direction of the conveying roller 2, thereby performing descaling operations on each area along the length direction of the conveying roller 2.

[0026] A method of using a self-cleaning descaling device includes the following steps: S1. Initialization: The optical component 31 emits light onto the surface of the clean conveyor roller 2 and receives the light reflected from the clean surface to obtain the reference data of 100% reflectivity. The reflectivity attenuation required for cleaning is set, such as 30%-60%. This value can be adjusted according to specific needs. Then, the controller 10 controls the positioning mechanism to make the nozzle 41 vertically face the conveyor roller 2 and obtain the position coordinates. At this time, the nozzle 41 is vertically aligned with the middle of the conveyor roller 2 in the height direction of the machine platform 1, that is, the horizontal radial position. S2. Inspection: After the conveyor roller 2 has been working continuously for a period of time, this product can be inspected directly during operation, or it can be inspected after a batch of operations is completed and the machine is stopped. The latter is more accurate. Optical components 31 emit light towards the surface of the conveyor roller 2 and receive the reflected light. Several optical components 31 arranged in an array along the length of the conveyor roller 2 acquire multiple sets of reflectivity data. After calculation by the auxiliary unit 32, the attenuation degree of multiple sets of reflectivity is obtained. Since the thickness of the scale at each position of the conveyor roller 2 is not uniform, the conveyor roller 2 is divided into multiple areas along the length of the conveyor roller 2 for inspection through multiple sets of optical components 31. Single data for each area is obtained, which makes it convenient to adjust the position of the nozzle 41 in the area and the spraying time according to different data, thereby reducing damage to the conveyor roller 2 body. S3. Make a judgment and compare the reflectivity attenuation obtained in S2 with the attenuation set in S1. If the attenuation is insufficient, the equipment can continue to run. If the attenuation is greater than or equal to the attenuation set in S1, the information that the conveyor roller 2 needs to be cleaned is fed back to the operation panel. The staff can obtain the information through the operation panel. The controller 10 can also be equipped with LED lights that flash in conjunction with the information that needs to be cleaned to remind the staff. S4. Cleaning preparation: In S3, if it is determined that cleaning is required, the pre-cleaning preparation work begins. The feeding component 6 begins to prepare biodegradable particles and fills them into the cleaning host 4. The power component 5 generates clean high-pressure air and delivers it to the cleaning host 4. S5, Descaling: The controller 10 sends a command to cause the conveyor roller 2 to rotate at a low speed. As the conveyor roller 2 continues to rotate, the nozzle 41 only needs to be kept perpendicular to the conveyor roller 2 to complete the cleaning of the entire circle of this area. At the same time, the positioning mechanism positions the nozzle 41 according to the multiple sets of attenuation obtained in S2. Then the nozzle 41 begins to spray high-speed particles to impact the solid waste layer on the conveyor roller 2 and cause it to fall off. S6. Verification: The optical component 31 detects the light reflectivity of the area cleaned by the nozzle 41 and compares it with the 100% reflectivity in S1. In this step, the reflectivity of the cleaned conveyor roller 2 surface is close enough to the benchmark value of 100% reflectivity, such as 95%-99%. This value can also be set according to specific needs. S7. If the light reflectivity is qualified in S6, the conveyor roller 2 can continue to be used for operation; otherwise, continue cleaning until it is qualified.

[0027] S5 of this method also includes S5.1, in which the lifting component 7 in the positioning mechanism causes the nozzle 41 to be perpendicular to the surface of the conveying roller 2 according to the position coordinates in S1.

[0028] S5 also includes S5.2, in which the translation component 9 in the positioning mechanism drives the nozzle 41 to move along the length of the conveyor roller 2 to ensure that the entire conveyor roller 2 is covered.

[0029] S5 also includes S5.3. In S5.3, the forward and backward component 8 in the positioning mechanism adjusts the distance between the nozzle 41 and the surface of the conveyor roller 2 based on the multiple sets of attenuation data obtained in S2. When the attenuation data is small in the area corresponding to a certain set of optical components 31, it indicates that the degree of fouling on the conveyor roller 2 in this area is small. At this time, the forward and backward component 8 drives the nozzle 41 to move backward. Since the speed of the dry ice particles ejected by the nozzle 41 is constant, the nozzle 41 is farther away from the surface of the conveyor roller 2 after moving backward, and the impact it receives is smaller, which is enough to break up the dirt and reduce the impact on the conveyor roller 2 itself. At the same time, if the fouling in this area is thin, the translation component 9 will drive the nozzle 41 to stay in this area for a shorter time. Conversely, if the fouling in this area is thick, it is necessary to perform close-range and long-term impact.

[0030] After the cleaning operation is completed, the controller 10 sends a command to use the positioning mechanism to move the nozzle 41 away from the conveyor roller 2 to avoid affecting the conveyed fabric.

[0031] The desizing machine is a large piece of equipment equipped with multiple conveyor rollers 2. The attached drawings of this application only show one conveyor roller 2 for illustration. The other conveyor rollers 2 can be inspected and descaled in the same way.

[0032] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0033] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning and descaling device for a desizing machine, characterized in that, include: The machine platform is fixedly installed on the ground to support various components; Conveyor rollers, rotatably mounted on the machine base, are used to transport fabric; The testing mechanism, fixedly connected to the machine, is used to identify whether a solid scale layer has formed on the surface of the conveyor roller; A cleaning host is fixedly connected to the machine base. The cleaning host is equipped with a nozzle, which is connected to the cleaning host via a hose. The nozzle can emit degradable high-speed particles toward the surface of the conveyor roller. The power unit, located on the machine platform, provides high-pressure air to the cleaning unit. The feeding assembly, located on the machine base, is used to produce biodegradable particles for use by the cleaning host. A positioning mechanism, mounted on the machine platform, is used to position the nozzle relative to the machine platform. The positioning mechanism includes a lifting component, a forward / backward component, and a translation component. The controller is fixedly installed on the machine and is used to set, process, and display various parameters and data. The detection mechanism includes optical components and auxiliary units. The optical components integrate a transmitter and a receiver. Multiple sets of optical components are arrayed along the length of the conveyor roller. The forward and backward assembly includes a first track, a first mover, and a column. The first track is drivenly connected to the lifting assembly. The first mover is slidably connected to the first track. The column is fixedly connected to the first mover. The translation assembly is fixedly connected to the column. The translation assembly includes a second track and a second mover. The second track is fixedly connected to the column. The second mover is slidably connected to the second track. The nozzle is fixedly connected to the second mover.

2. The self-cleaning and descaling device for a desizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power assembly includes an air compressor, an air tank, and a dryer connected in sequence by pipelines, and the air compressor, air tank, and dryer are all fixedly connected to the machine base.

3. The self-cleaning and descaling device for a desizing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding assembly includes a raw material tank, a granulator, and a storage box connected in sequence by pipelines. The raw material tank and the granulator are fixedly connected to the machine base, and the storage box is detachably connected to the granulator.

4. The self-cleaning and descaling device for a desizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting assembly includes a push plate and a cylinder. The cylinder is fixedly connected to the machine base, the push plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder, and the first track is fixedly connected to the push plate.

5. A method of using a self-cleaning descaling device, for use with any one of the descaling devices described in 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Initialization: The optical components emit light onto the clean conveyor roller surface and receive the light reflected from the clean surface to obtain the baseline data of 100% reflectivity. The reflectivity attenuation degree to be cleaned is set. Then, the controller operates the positioning mechanism to make the nozzle vertically face the conveyor roller and obtain the position coordinates. S2. Detection: After the conveyor roller has been working continuously for a period of time, light is emitted towards the surface of the conveyor roller using optical components and reflected light is received. Several optical components arranged in an array along the length of the conveyor roller acquire multiple sets of reflectivity data, and the attenuation of multiple sets of reflectivity is obtained after calculation by an auxiliary unit. S3. Make a judgment: compare the reflectivity attenuation obtained in S2 with the attenuation set in S1. If the attenuation is insufficient, the equipment can continue to run. If the attenuation is greater than or equal to the attenuation set in S1, the information that the conveyor roller needs to be cleaned will be fed back to the operation panel. S4. Cleaning preparation: In S3, if it is determined that cleaning is required, the pre-cleaning preparation work begins. The feeding component begins to prepare biodegradable particles and fills them into the cleaning host. The power component generates clean high-pressure air and delivers it to the cleaning host. S5, Descaling: The controller sends a command to keep the conveyor roller rotating at a low speed. At the same time, the positioning mechanism positions the nozzle according to the multiple sets of attenuation values ​​obtained in S2. Then the nozzle starts to spray high-speed particles to hit the solid waste layer on the conveyor roller and make it fall off. S6. Verification: The optical components detect the light reflectivity of the area cleaned by the nozzle and compare it with the 100% reflectivity in S1. S7. If the light reflectivity is qualified in S6, the conveyor roller can continue to be used for operation; otherwise, continue cleaning until it is qualified.

6. The method of using the self-cleaning descaling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: S5 further includes S5.1, in which the lifting component in the positioning mechanism causes the nozzle to be perpendicular to the surface of the conveying roller according to the position coordinates in S1.

7. The method of using the self-cleaning descaling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: S5 further includes S5.2, in which the translation component in the positioning mechanism drives the nozzle to move along the length of the conveying roller to ensure that the entire conveying roller is covered.

8. The method of using the self-cleaning descaling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: S5 further includes S5.3, in which the forward and backward components in the positioning mechanism adjust the distance between the nozzle and the surface of the conveying roller based on multiple sets of attenuation data obtained in S2.

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