Modular efficient floor heating mat and mold and construction method for preparing modular efficient floor heating mat

Abstract

The invention discloses a modular efficient floor heating mat and a mold and a construction method for preparing the modular efficient floor heating mat, and relates to the field of building heating equipment. The floor heating mat comprises the cement columns which are arranged in a linear array mode, the requirement for square continuous splicing is met, splicing can be achieved without direction distinguishing, a low-heat-conduction hard plastic bottom plate can be selected, and the heights and the intervals of the cement columns are matched with floor heating pipes. The preparation mold comprises a top plate with a taper hole, a mold cavity can be formed independently or matched with a bottom plate with a round hole, the top plate is provided with a clamping positioning pin and a mark, and accurate forming and demolding are facilitated. No-bottom-plate on-site forming or bottom-plate prefabrication / on-site preparation can be selected for construction, the floor heating pipes are naturally limited, and the ceramic tiles are firmly laid. The problems that an existing plastic floor heating pad is weak in supporting, slow in full cement backfilling temperature rising and difficult to maintain are solved, and the plastic floor heating pad has the advantages of being stable in supporting, efficient in temperature rising, convenient and fast to maintain and efficient in construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building heating equipment and construction auxiliary tools, specifically to a modular high-efficiency underfloor heating mat, its mold for preparation, and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In the context of tile installation for underfloor heating, the underfloor heating pad needs to simultaneously meet three core requirements: "stable support for the tiles," "limiting the underfloor heating pipes," and "ensuring a good user experience." However, existing technical solutions have consistently struggled to achieve all three simultaneously. On the one hand, most of the existing mainstream floor heating mats are made of all-plastic or foam material in one piece. Typical examples include the square block type floor heating mat disclosed in publication number CN202835547U and the floor heating mat with limiting / supporting columns disclosed by the inventor in publication number CN114963277A. Both of them limit the floor heating pipes through plastic blocks or one-piece molded support structures. While these types of underfloor heating mats can achieve a certain level of insulation through their material and are easy to install, the inherent defects of plastic and foam materials are quite prominent: the compressive strength of the supporting structure is generally low, with low-standard products even having a compressive strength of less than 250 kPa. When subjected to the weight of the tiles themselves and daily foot traffic loads over a long period of time, they are prone to elastic deformation or loosening and displacement, which can lead to noticeable abnormal noises during foot traffic. More importantly, the material properties of plastic and tile adhesive are significantly different. Plastic has a smooth surface and is an organic material, while tile adhesive is based on inorganic cement and modified with polymers. The two are difficult to form a strong bond. In addition, the contact area between the plastic supporting structure and the tiles is already limited, further reducing the reliability of the bond and making it easy to cause the tiles to become hollow or fall off. Furthermore, plastic materials are prone to aging and embrittlement when exposed to the continuous heating environment of the underfloor heating pipes. This not only weakens the plastic material's own structural strength but also accelerates the bonding failure at the interface with the tile adhesive, leading to a continuous decline in support stability and seriously affecting the service life of the underfloor heating system.

[0003] On the other hand, to address the issue of insufficient support strength of plastic underfloor heating pads, some construction methods employ full cement backfilling, completely encasing and fixing the underfloor heating pipes to the ground with a thick layer of concrete. While this method can improve support stability and eliminate abnormal noises, it has two major drawbacks: First, the cement backfill layer is typically 40-50mm thick, exhibiting extremely high thermal inertia, significantly extending the underfloor heating heating cycle, often requiring 1-2 days to reach the expected room temperature, resulting in low heating efficiency. Second, the underfloor heating pipes are completely sealed by the solidified cement layer; if leaks or blockages occur later, a large area of ​​the cement layer and tiles must be removed to access the pipes, making repairs difficult and costly. Furthermore, the need for relaid tiling and backfilling after repairs not only prolongs the construction period but also wastes materials and damages the aesthetics of the floor. More importantly, the significant difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the cement layer and the underfloor heating pipes means that long-term hot and cold cycles can easily cause the cement layer to crack, negatively impacting the stability of the floor structure.

[0004] In summary, among existing technologies, "plastic floor heating mats" emphasize ease of construction and basic insulation, but sacrifice support strength and stability in use; "all-cement backfilling solutions" emphasize support stability, but sacrifice heating efficiency and ease of maintenance. Neither can simultaneously meet the comprehensive needs of tile installation scenarios for "high-strength support, no abnormal noise during use, rapid heating, and convenient maintenance". Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the deficiencies or one of the deficiencies in the existing technology, the present invention provides a modular high-efficiency floor heating pad, comprising multiple cement columns arranged in a linear array along the length and width directions to form a uniform support array, wherein the height of the cement columns and the spacing between adjacent cement columns are both greater than or equal to the diameter of the floor heating pipe. The array of cement columns meets the requirement of continuous splicing in four directions. That is, the distance from the center of the outermost cement column in the width direction to the splicing edge is half the distance between the centers of the two cement columns in the length direction, and the distance from the center of the outermost cement column in the length direction to the splicing edge is half the distance between the centers of the two cement columns in the width direction, so that there is no need to distinguish the direction when splicing multiple floor heating pads. The underfloor heating pad can be optionally equipped with a rigid plastic base plate: when the base plate is not installed, the cement columns are directly formed on the leveling layer of the construction ground and spliced ​​together by molds to form a continuous array; when the base plate is installed, the base plate is an integral component of the underfloor heating pad, with multiple circular holes arranged in a straight line along its length and width, and one cement column is inserted into each of the circular holes, and the array of circular holes corresponds one-to-one with the array of cement columns and meets the requirement of continuous splicing in four directions.

[0006] Furthermore, when the base plate is installed, the height of the cement column is greater than the thickness of the base plate, and the distance of the column is greater than the diameter of the underfloor heating pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, when the base plate is installed, the base plate is made of a rigid plastic with a low thermal conductivity of ≤0.04W / (m・K).

[0008] Furthermore, when the base plate is installed, the upper surface of the base plate is covered with a layer of aluminum foil, which is used to reflect the heat emitted by the underfloor heating pipes and conduct it upwards.

[0009] The present invention also provides a special mold for preparing such a modular high-efficiency floor heating mat, including a top plate, on which a plurality of conical holes are arranged in a straight array along the length and width directions. The lower edge circle diameter of the conical holes is larger than the upper edge circle diameter. The array of conical holes meets the requirement of continuous splicing in four directions, and the array of conical holes is used to form the molding cavity of the cement column.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a base plate used in conjunction with the top plate. The base plate has circular holes that correspond one-to-one with the conical holes. The diameter of the circular holes is equal to the diameter of the lower edge circle of the conical holes. When the top plate is stacked on the base plate, the conical holes and the circular holes enclose each other to form a complete mold cavity for the cement column.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper surface of the base plate extends downward to form one or more snap-fit ​​positioning grooves, and the lower surface of the top plate extends downward to form one or more snap-fit ​​positioning pins. The snap-fit ​​positioning pins are adapted to engage with the snap-fit ​​positioning grooves to achieve precise alignment between the top plate and the base plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the top plate is a flexible foamed plastic board, and its upper surface is provided with markings for indicating the molding orientation.

[0013] Furthermore, the taper of the conical hole is 1:8-1:10, the depth of the conical hole is consistent with the design height of the cement column, and the depth of the hole is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the underfloor heating pipe.

[0014] The present invention also provides a construction method based on this mold, comprising the following steps: S1: Ground pretreatment: Clean the construction ground and remove any protruding debris to ensure that the ground flatness meets the construction requirements; if the underfloor heating pad is to be installed without a base plate, lay a layer of 0.01-0.03mm thick aluminum foil on the leveled ground, then cover it with a cement mortar leveling layer and cure it until it sets; if the underfloor heating pad is to be installed with a base plate, simply level the ground with cement mortar and cure it until it sets. S2: Floor heating pad installation / forming: When constructing a baseless structure: multiple top plates are laid on the leveling layer according to the four-way continuous splicing requirements. The orientation of the top plates is ensured by marking. Cement mortar or cement-based tile adhesive is filled into each conical hole and leveled. After curing for 24-72 hours in an environment with a temperature of 20-25℃ and a humidity of 50%-70%, the top plates are peeled off along the inclined direction of the conical holes to form a uniform array of cement columns, thus completing the on-site forming of the baseless underfloor heating pad. When constructing a structure with a base slab, the following two methods can be selected: ① Prefabrication and installation: First, prefabricate the project: Connect the top plate and bottom plate with snap-fit ​​positioning pins and snap-fit ​​positioning grooves to ensure that the conical holes on the top plate are precisely aligned with the round holes on the bottom plate. Fill the cavity formed by the two plates with cement mortar or cement-based tile adhesive and smooth it. After curing for 24-72 hours in an environment with a temperature of 20-25℃ and a humidity of 50%-70%, peel off the top plate to obtain a single complete floor heating pad with a bottom plate. Then, install on site: Lay the prefabricated floor heating pads with bottom plates directly on the leveled ground according to the four-way continuous splicing requirements, without distinguishing the direction. After splicing, the cement columns form a continuous support array. ② On-site preparation: The single top plate and the single bottom plate are matched and engaged by the snap-fit ​​positioning pin and the snap-fit ​​positioning groove to achieve precise alignment of the conical hole and the round hole. Cement mortar or cement-based ceramic tile adhesive is filled into the complete mold cavity formed by the enclosure and leveled. After curing for 24-72 hours in an environment with a temperature of 20-25℃ and a humidity of 50%-70%, the top plate is peeled off to obtain a single floor heating pad with a bottom plate. Then, multiple floor heating pads with bottom plates are laid on the leveled ground according to the four-way continuous splicing requirements. S3: Underfloor heating pipe installation: The underfloor heating pipe is directly embedded into the gap between adjacent cement columns. The height and spacing of the cement columns are adapted to achieve natural positioning of the underfloor heating pipe without the need for additional clamps. S4: Tile installation: Apply cement-based tile adhesive evenly to the back of the tile, lay the tile on the cement column and adjust it to be flat and aligned, so that the weight of the tile is distributed and supported by the evenly distributed cement column. S5: Post-maintenance inspection: When the underfloor heating pipes malfunction, the tiles in the corresponding faulty area can be removed to directly access the underfloor heating pipes for repair. After the repair is completed, the tiles can be re-laid without removing the subfloor or replacing the underfloor heating pad.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Stable support without abnormal noise, reliable adhesion to prevent detachment: This invention forms a uniform support array through cement columns. Cement has excellent compressive strength and can stably support the weight of the tiles and the load of daily foot traffic, avoiding abnormal noise caused by elastic deformation and loosening of plastic materials. At the same time, the cement columns, the ground base or slab below, and the cement-based tile adhesive above are all inorganic base systems with compatible material properties, which can form a strong cured bond. With a uniform support contact area, it effectively solves the problem of tile hollowing and detachment caused by the failure of the adhesion between plastic and tile adhesive.

[0016] High heating efficiency and energy saving, high heat utilization efficiency: In the structure with a base plate, the base plate is made of rigid plastic with low thermal conductivity, which can effectively block heat from being conducted to the floor below; the aluminum foil on the upper surface of the base plate can reflect the heat emitted by the underfloor heating pipes and conduct it upwards, reducing heat loss; and there is no need for thick cement backfilling, only discrete cement columns to achieve support and restraint, with low thermal inertia, fast underfloor heating, and significantly improved heating efficiency.

[0017] Convenient and flexible maintenance, reducing maintenance costs: The underfloor heating pipes are laid in the gaps between adjacent cement columns without being wrapped with solidifying material. When problems such as leaks or blockages occur later, the faulty area can be accurately located, and the tiles in the corresponding area can be removed for inspection. There is no need to remove a large area of ​​the ground, which simplifies the maintenance process, shortens the maintenance period, and reduces material waste and aesthetic damage.

[0018] Highly adaptable and efficient in construction: The array of cement columns and round holes meets the requirements for continuous splicing in all four directions. The distance from the center to the edge of the outermost cement column or round hole is half the distance between the adjacent centers. When multiple floor heating pads are arranged for construction, there is no need to distinguish the direction. After splicing, the support array is continuous and uniform, improving the convenience of construction and the flatness of the ground. At the same time, the distance between the cement column and the base plate is greater than the diameter of the floor heating pipe, which can not only achieve the natural limit of the floor heating pipe, but also avoid the direct contact between the floor heating pipe and the base plate, ensuring smooth heat conduction path.

[0019] The preparation process is simple and the dimensions are precise and controllable: the special mold forms a mold cavity by enclosing the conical hole of the top plate and the round hole of the bottom plate. The design of the conical hole, which is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom, makes it easy to remove the top plate after curing and can ensure the molding accuracy of the cement column; the snap-fit ​​positioning groove of the bottom plate and the snap-fit ​​positioning pin of the top plate are matched and engaged to ensure the precise alignment of the mold cavity and avoid cement overflow during pouring; the top plate is made of flexible foamed plastic board, which is lightweight and easy to peel off, simplifying the preparation operation and reducing the production difficulty. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base plate of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top plate of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the top plate of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the bottom plate and top plate are closed in Example 2; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after casting and scraping off excess material following the mold closing process in Example 2; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the state when the top plate is removed in Example 2; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the floor heating pad with a base plate formed in Example 2; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the top slab of Example 1 has been poured and excess material has been scraped off; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the state when the top plate is removed in Example 1; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottomless floor heating pad formed in Example 1; In the diagram: 100-base plate, 101-round hole, 102-clamping positioning groove, 200-cement column, 300-top plate, 301-conical hole, 302-clamping positioning pin, 303-marker. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, describes the 1200×800 specification floor heating mat of the present invention and its preparation and construction process. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1: Floor heating mat without a base plate I. Specific parameters of the components The top plate 300 of the mold is made of flexible EPE foam plastic sheet, with a length of 1200 mm, a width of 800 mm, and a thickness of 20 mm. The surface of the top plate 300 has a linear array of tapered holes 301 along its length and width directions, with 12 tapered holes 301 along the length direction and 8 tapered holes 301 along the width direction. Each tapered hole 301 has a lower edge diameter of 35 mm, an upper edge diameter of 31 mm, and a hole depth of 20 mm. The upper surface of the top plate 300 is marked with an "Up" symbol 303 to indicate the direction of pouring and prevent inversion.

[0023] Cement column 200: The cement column 200 is made of quick-hardening cement mortar or cement-based tile adhesive. The water-to-cement ratio during mixing is 0.4. After curing for 24 hours, its compressive strength reaches over 5 MPa. The cement column 200 has a diameter of 35 mm and a height of 20 mm, perfectly matching the size of the conical hole 301. The center-to-center distance between adjacent cement columns 200 is 100 mm, which is just right for commonly used 16 mm outer diameter underfloor heating pipes.

[0024] II. On-site preparation of floor heating mats Ground pretreatment and top slab positioning: First, clean the construction ground thoroughly, ensuring it is free of debris, flat, and without protrusions. If necessary, lay a layer of 0.02 mm thick aluminum foil, followed by cement mortar leveling. Splice multiple top slabs 300 onto the ground according to the size of the construction area. Since the distance from the center to the edge of the outermost conical hole 301 of the top slab 300 is exactly half the center distance between two adjacent conical holes 301, there is no need to distinguish the direction during laying; simply align the edges. After splicing, the conical holes 301 form a continuous and uniform array, providing a precise mold cavity for the molding of the cement columns 200.

[0025] Pouring and Leveling: Fill the conical holes 301 of the top plate 300 with quick-setting cement mortar or cement-based tile adhesive until the material overflows from the upper surface of the conical holes 301. Use a scraper to slowly scrape along the upper surface of the top plate 300 to remove excess material, ensuring that the material surface is flush with the upper surface of the top plate 300. This ensures that the top of the cement column 200 is flat after molding, and that the force is evenly distributed when supporting the tiles.

[0026] Curing and Demolding: Allow the material to stand for 24-72 hours at a normal temperature of 20-25℃ and a humidity of 50%-70% until it is fully cured. Hold the edge of the top plate 300 by hand and, utilizing the flexibility of its foamed plastic, slowly peel it off along the inclined direction of the conical holes 301. Due to the structure of the conical holes 301 (smaller at the top and larger at the bottom), the cement columns 200 will not be damaged during peeling, ultimately forming a uniform array of cement columns 200 on the ground or level surface, i.e., a floor heating pad without a base plate. The peeled top plate 300 can be reused, reducing construction costs.

[0027] III. Underfloor heating pipe installation and tile laying Underfloor heating pipe installation: Place the 16mm outer diameter underfloor heating pipe directly into the gap between adjacent cement columns 200. The gap is wide enough to accommodate the underfloor heating pipe, and the height of the cement column 200 is greater than the diameter of the underfloor heating pipe. The underfloor heating pipe can be naturally locked in the gap without the need for additional clamps. The pipe installation is neat and convenient.

[0028] Tile installation: Apply cement-based tile adhesive to the back of the tile, then place the tile on the cement pillar 200 and adjust the tile position until it is flat and aligned. The cement pillar 200 and the cement-based tile adhesive both belong to an inorganic base system, ensuring good material adhesion with an interfacial bond strength ≥1.5MPa. Furthermore, the cement pillars 200 are evenly distributed, distributing the tile weight across each pillar and preventing excessive localized stress, thus completely eliminating the risk of tile hollowing and detachment.

[0029] Example 2: Floor heating mat with base plate I. Specific parameters of the components The base plate 100 of the underfloor heating mat is made of low thermal conductivity rigid polystyrene plastic, with a length of 1200 mm, a width of 800 mm, and a thickness of 15 mm. The surface of the base plate 100 has a linear array of circular holes 101 arranged along both its length and width directions. There are 12 circular holes 101 along the length direction and 8 circular holes 101 along the width direction. Each circular hole 101 has a diameter of 35 mm, and the center-to-center distance between two adjacent circular holes 101 is 100 mm. Four snap-fit ​​positioning grooves 102 extend downwards from the upper surface of the base plate 100, and these four snap-fit ​​positioning grooves 102 are located at the four corners of the base plate 100. In addition, the upper surface of the base plate 100 is pre-covered with a layer of aluminum foil with a thickness of 0.02 mm.

[0030] The top plate 300 of the mold is made of flexible EPE foam plastic sheet, with the same dimensions as the bottom plate 100: 1200 mm in length, 800 mm in width, and 20 mm in thickness. The surface of the top plate 300 has tapered holes 301 corresponding one-to-one with the circular holes 101. The lower edge diameter of these tapered holes 301 is the same as the diameter of the circular holes 101, both being 35 mm, while the upper edge diameter is 31 mm, and the hole depth is 20 mm. The lower surface of the top plate 300 extends downwards to form four snap-fit ​​positioning pins 302, whose positions correspond to the snap-fit ​​positioning grooves 102 on the bottom plate 100. Additionally, the upper surface of the top plate 300 is marked with an "Up" symbol 303 to indicate the direction during mold closing.

[0031] Cement column 200: The cement column 200 is made of cement mortar or cement-based tile adhesive. The water-to-cement ratio during mixing is 0.4. After curing for 24 hours, its compressive strength can reach over 5 MPa. Its lower section has the same diameter as the circular hole 101, which is 35 mm. The upper section is tapered, with a total height of 35 mm, exceeding the thickness of the base plate 100 by 20 mm, perfectly fitting the commonly used 16 mm outer diameter underfloor heating pipe.

[0032] II. On-site preparation of floor heating mats Mold assembly and positioning: Hold the top plate 300 and align its snap-fit ​​positioning pin 302 with the snap-fit ​​positioning groove 102 on the bottom plate 100. Then, smoothly place the top plate 300 on top of the bottom plate 100. At this time, the conical hole 301 on the top plate 300 will be completely aligned with the circular hole 101 on the bottom plate 100, forming a series of mold cavities that are smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. Lay these molds composed of the top plate 300 and the bottom plate 100 on the construction ground. Because the distance from the center to the edge of the outermost circular hole 101 of the bottom plate 100 is exactly half the center distance between two adjacent circular holes 101, there is no need to distinguish the direction of the underfloor heating pad when laying it. Simply align the edges of the adjacent underfloor heating pads, and the resulting cement columns 200 will form a continuous and uniform support array.

[0033] Pouring and leveling: Fill these enclosed cavities with quick-setting cement mortar or cement-based tile adhesive until the mortar overflows the surface of the top plate 300. Then, use a scraper to slowly scrape along the upper surface of the top plate 300 to remove excess mortar, ensuring that the surface of the mortar is flush with the surface of the top plate 300.

[0034] Curing and Demolding: After 24-72 hours, once the cement mortar or cement-based tile adhesive has initially cured, hold the edge of the top plate 300 by hand. Because the top plate 300 is a flexible foamed plastic board, gently bend it to slowly peel it off from the base plate 100 along the inclined direction of the conical hole 301. This operation will not damage the molded cement column 200, resulting in a floor heating pad with the cement column 200 attached. The top plate 300 can be reused.

[0035] III. Underfloor heating pipe installation Place the underfloor heating pipe in the gap between adjacent concrete pillars, which should be 200mm wide. This gap is wide enough to accommodate a commonly used underfloor heating pipe, which will naturally fit into the gap without the need for additional clips.

[0036] IV. Tile Installation Apply cement mortar or cement-based tile adhesive to the back of the tile, and then lay the tile on the cement column 200. Because the distance between the cement column 200 and the base plate (100mm) is greater than the diameter of the underfloor heating pipe, the underfloor heating pipe will not touch the tile. The cement column 200 and the tile adhesive adhere very well, and because the cement columns 200 are evenly distributed, the weight of the tile is distributed across each cement column 200, preventing excessive local stress.

[0037] The cement column 200 has high compressive strength and will not deform even after long-term bearing the weight of the tiles and daily foot traffic. Moreover, the cement column 200 and the round hole 101 on the base plate 100 fit together very tightly without any loose gaps, so there will be no abnormal noise caused by displacement like with plastic supports.

[0038] The base plate 100 uses a low thermal conductivity material, which can block heat from being conducted to the floor below, reducing heat loss. The aluminum foil on the upper surface of the base plate 100 reflects the heat emitted by the underfloor heating pipes towards the tiles, improving heat utilization. In addition, there is no need for a thick layer of cement backfill; only 200 cement columns are used, which have very low thermal inertia, allowing the room to warm up quickly after the underfloor heating is turned on.

[0039] The underfloor heating pipes are placed in the gaps between the cement pillars. If maintenance is needed later, you can simply lift the tiles in the corresponding area to access the underfloor heating pipes for repair. After the repair is completed, you can simply lay the tiles again without having to do any backfilling or replace the underfloor heating pad.

[0040] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A modular, high-efficiency floor heating mat, characterized in that, It includes multiple cement columns (200), which are arranged in a straight array along the length and width directions to form a uniform support array. The height of the cement columns (200) and the spacing between adjacent cement columns (200) are both greater than or equal to the diameter of the underfloor heating pipe. The array of cement columns (200) satisfies the requirement of continuous splicing in four directions. That is, the distance from the center of the outermost cement column (200) in the width direction to the splicing edge is half the distance between the centers of the two cement columns (200) in the length direction, and the distance from the center of the outermost cement column (200) in the length direction to the splicing edge is half the distance between the centers of the two cement columns (200) in the width direction, so that there is no need to distinguish the direction when splicing multiple floor heating pads. The underfloor heating pad is optionally equipped with a rigid plastic base plate (100): when the base plate (100) is not set, the cement columns (200) are directly formed on the leveling layer of the construction ground and spliced ​​by mold to form a continuous array; when the base plate (100) is set, the base plate (100) is a component of the underfloor heating pad, and multiple round holes (101) are arranged in a straight line along the length and width direction on it. One cement column (200) is inserted into each round hole (101), and the array of round holes (101) corresponds one-to-one with the array of cement columns (200) and meets the requirement of continuous splicing in four directions.

2. The modular high-efficiency floor heating mat according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the base plate (100) is installed, the height of the cement column (200) is greater than the thickness of the base plate (100), and the distance of the difference is greater than the diameter of the underfloor heating pipe.

3. The modular high-efficiency floor heating mat according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the base plate (100) is provided, the base plate (100) is made of a rigid plastic with a low thermal conductivity of ≤0.04W / (m・K).

4. The modular high-efficiency floor heating mat according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the base plate (100) is installed, the upper surface of the base plate (100) is covered with a layer of aluminum foil, which is used to reflect the heat emitted by the underfloor heating pipe and conduct it upward.

5. A special mold for preparing the modular high-efficiency floor heating mat of claim 1, characterized in that, Includes a top plate (300), on which a plurality of conical holes (301) are arranged in a straight array along the length and width directions. The lower edge circle diameter of the conical holes (301) is larger than the upper edge circle diameter. The array of the conical holes (301) satisfies the requirement of continuous splicing in four directions, and the array of the conical holes (301) is used to form the molding cavity of the cement column (200).

6. The special mold according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a base plate (100) used in conjunction with the top plate (300). The base plate (100) has circular holes (101) that correspond one-to-one with the conical holes (301). The diameter of the circular holes (101) is equal to the diameter of the lower edge circle of the conical holes (301). When the top plate (300) is stacked on the base plate (100), the conical holes (301) and the circular holes (101) enclose and form a complete mold cavity for the cement column (200).

7. The special mold according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper surface of the base plate (100) extends downward to form one or more snap-fit ​​positioning grooves (102), and the lower surface of the top plate (300) extends downward to form one or more snap-fit ​​positioning pins (302). The snap-fit ​​positioning pins (302) are adapted to engage with the snap-fit ​​positioning grooves (102) to achieve precise alignment between the top plate (300) and the base plate (100).

8. The special mold according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The top plate (300) is a flexible foamed plastic plate, and its upper surface is provided with a mark (303) for indicating the molding orientation.

9. The special mold according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The taper of the conical hole (301) is 1:8-1:10, the hole depth of the conical hole (301) is consistent with the design height of the cement column (200), and the hole depth is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the underfloor heating pipe.

10. A construction method based on the mold described in claim 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Ground pretreatment: Clean the construction ground and remove any protruding debris to ensure that the ground flatness meets the construction requirements; if the underfloor heating pad is to be installed without a base plate, lay a layer of 0.01-0.03mm thick aluminum foil on the leveled ground, then cover it with a cement mortar leveling layer and cure it until it sets; if the underfloor heating pad is to be installed with a base plate, simply level the ground with cement mortar and cure it until it sets. S2: Floor heating pad installation / forming: (1) When constructing a structure without a base plate: multiple top plates (300) are laid on the leveling layer according to the four-way continuous splicing requirements. The top plates (300) are aligned by marking (303). Cement mortar or cement-based ceramic tile adhesive is filled into each cone hole (301) and leveled. After curing for 24-72 hours in an environment with a temperature of 20-25℃ and a humidity of 50%-70%, the top plates (300) are peeled off along the inclined direction of the cone holes (301) to form a uniform array of cement columns (200), thus completing the on-site forming of the floor heating pad without a base plate. (2) When constructing a structure with a base slab, the following two methods can be selected: ① Prefabrication and installation: First, prefabricate the project: Connect the top plate (300) and the bottom plate (100) with the snap-fit ​​positioning pin (302) and the snap-fit ​​positioning groove (102) to make the conical hole (301) on the top plate (300) and the round hole (101) on the bottom plate (100) precisely aligned one by one. Fill the cavity formed by the two with cement mortar or cement-based ceramic tile adhesive and smooth it. After curing for 24-72 hours in an environment with a temperature of 20-25℃ and a humidity of 50%-70%, peel off the top plate (300) to obtain a single complete floor heating pad with a bottom plate. Then proceed with on-site installation: lay the prefabricated floor heating pads with base plates directly on the leveled ground according to the four-way continuous splicing requirements, without distinguishing the direction. After splicing, the cement columns (200) form a continuous support array. ② On-site preparation: A single top plate (300) and a single bottom plate (100) are fitted and engaged with a snap-fit ​​positioning pin (302) and a snap-fit ​​positioning groove (102) to achieve precise alignment of the conical hole (301) and the round hole (101). Cement mortar or cement-based ceramic tile adhesive is filled into the complete mold cavity formed by the enclosure and leveled. After curing for 24-72 hours in an environment with a temperature of 20-25℃ and a humidity of 50%-70%, the top plate (300) is peeled off to obtain a single floor heating pad with a bottom plate. Then, multiple floor heating pads with bottom plates are laid on the leveled ground according to the four-sided continuous splicing requirements. S3: Underfloor heating pipe installation: The underfloor heating pipe is directly embedded into the gap between adjacent cement columns (200). The height and spacing of the cement columns (200) are adapted to achieve natural positioning of the underfloor heating pipe without the need for additional clamps. S4: Tile installation: Apply cement-based tile adhesive evenly to the back of the tile, lay the tile on the cement column (200) and adjust it to be flat and aligned so that the weight of the tile is distributed and borne by the evenly distributed cement column (200); S5: Post-maintenance inspection: When the underfloor heating pipes malfunction, the tiles in the corresponding faulty area can be removed to directly access the underfloor heating pipes for repair. After the repair is completed, the tiles can be re-laid without removing the subfloor or replacing the underfloor heating pad.

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