Detection device for straightening automobile half axle
By introducing first and second reference modules into the testing device to measure the radial and total runout values of the half-shaft respectively, the problem of the half-shaft becoming more bent due to installation deviation during the straightening process is solved, and the precise straightening and quality control of the half-shaft is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511708607.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing testing devices cannot accurately distinguish whether the half-shaft runout is caused by deformation of the half-shaft itself or installation deviation, which may cause the half-shaft to become more bent during the straightening operation.
A detection device including a first reference module and a second reference module is used to measure the radial runout and total runout of the half shaft, respectively. The switching module switches between the two to determine whether there is a deviation in the installation of the half shaft, and the straightening module performs precise straightening.
Accurately measuring the true radial runout value of the half shaft avoids the phenomenon of bending more and more due to installation deviations, thus improving the production quality of the half shaft.
Smart Images
Figure CN121452933A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The application relates to the technical field of automobile half shaft machining equipment, in particular to a detection device for straightening machining of an automobile half shaft. BACKGROUND
[0002] The automobile half shaft is a key component in the automobile transmission system, and its main function is to transmit the power output by the differential or the variable speed drive axle to the wheels, thereby driving the vehicle to run, so the half shaft is also commonly referred to as the transmission shaft. The main function of the half shaft is to transmit power and adapt to movement, that is, the torque generated by the engine and the gearbox is transmitted to the wheels after being distributed by the differential, and at the same time, the half shaft can adapt to the changes in the angles and lengths while maintaining the stable transmission of power, because the wheels will jump up and down during running and swing left and right during steering.
[0003] The manufacturing process of the half shaft generally includes steps such as forging, turning, heat treatment, polishing, straightening and surface treatment, wherein the heat treatment includes quenching and tempering, and after the half shaft undergoes the heat treatment process, different degrees of deformation or bending of the shaft body may occur due to uneven cooling or release of internal stress of the half shaft, thereby adversely affecting the subsequent assembly and use, so the half shaft usually needs to be straightened after quenching and polishing. For such a component as the half shaft which requires high precision, high speed and high load capacity, the pressure straightening method is usually used to straighten the deformed or bent position.
[0004] Before straightening, the radial runout value of the whole half shaft is detected, and then the position with a large runout value of the half shaft is pressure straightened. The runout value of the half shaft is generally measured based on the clamp, and if there is an error in the installation of the half shaft, the final runout value cannot reflect whether the half shaft itself really exists or whether it is caused by the installation error. If the runout value is caused by the installation error of the half shaft, the straightening operation based on the runout value will cause the half shaft to bend more and more. SUMMARY
[0005] In order to improve the situation that the conventional detection device cannot distinguish whether the measured half shaft runout value is the real runout value of the half shaft, thereby causing the half shaft to bend more and more after straightening, the application provides a detection device for straightening machining of an automobile half shaft.
[0006] The application provides a detection device for straightening machining of an automobile half shaft, which adopts the following technical scheme: A detection device for straightening machining of an automobile half shaft, comprising a workbench; a clamping module for clamping both ends of the half shaft and driving the half shaft to rotate; a detection module for detecting the radial runout value of the half shaft when the half shaft rotates; The first reference module comprises a first reference guide rail for providing a first detection reference for the detection module, and the detection module moves along the first reference guide rail to measure the radial runout value of the half shaft relative to the center line of its rotation; The second reference module comprises a second reference guide rail for providing a second detection reference for the detection module, and the detection module moves along the second reference guide rail to detect the total runout value of the half shaft due to installation deviation; The switching module can actively switch the detection module between the first reference guide rail and the second reference guide rail.
[0007] Optionally, the first reference module further comprises a positioning strip and two support rods, the two support rods are respectively arranged at two ends of the positioning strip and are perpendicular to the positioning strip, the lengths of the two support rods are equal, each support rod is coaxially provided with a contact ball at an end away from the positioning strip, the outer diameters of the two contact balls are equal, the contact balls are respectively used for abutting against the outer walls of the two ends of the half shaft, the axis of the support rod passes through the center of the cross section corresponding to the contact position of the half shaft and the contact ball, and the first reference guide rail is located between the two support rods and is connected with the two support rods while maintaining parallelism with the positioning strip.
[0008] Optionally, each of the support rods is provided with two auxiliary positioning balls at the same end of the contact ball, the two auxiliary positioning balls are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the corresponding contact ball and are respectively used for abutting against the outer walls of the ends of the half shaft.
[0009] Optionally, the first reference module further comprises a hollow mounting rack, the length direction of the mounting rack is consistent with the positioning strip, the positioning strip is movably arranged in the mounting rack, all the outer walls of the positioning strip are elastically connected with the inner walls of the mounting rack through a restoring member, and the mounting rack is provided with a first driving member on the side away from the contact ball, which is used to drive the positioning strip as a whole to move towards the half shaft to make the contact ball contact the half shaft.
[0010] Optionally, one end of the support rod close to the positioning strip is slidably connected to the side wall of the positioning strip, the positioning strip is provided with a second driving member between the two support rods, the second driving member is used to synchronously drive the two support rods to move towards or away from each other to adapt the distance between the two support rods to the length of the half shaft, and the two support rods are connected with the first reference guide rail through connecting rods, one end of the connecting rod is inserted into and slidably connected to one end of the first reference guide rail, and the connecting rod slides along the length direction of the first reference guide rail.
[0011] Optionally, a first fixed seat is slidably connected to the side wall of the first reference guide rail near the contact ball. The first fixed seat slides along the length direction of the first reference guide rail. The detection module includes a laser sensor, which is detachably connected to the first fixed seat. The emitter inside the laser sensor is oriented in the same direction as the length direction of the support rod and towards the half-axis direction. The second reference guide rail is located below the first reference guide rail. The switching module is located between the first reference guide rail and the second reference guide rail.
[0012] Optionally, the second reference guide rail is mounted on the top surface of the worktable, and the second reference guide rail is arranged parallel to the length direction of the mounting frame. A second fixed seat is slidably connected to the top surface of the second reference guide rail. The switching module is used to drive the laser sensor to switch between the first fixed seat and the second fixed seat.
[0013] Optionally, the data measured by the laser sensor on the half-axis on the first fixed base is recorded as the radial runout value of the half-axis, the data measured by the laser sensor on the half-axis on the second fixed base is recorded as the total runout value of the half-axis, and the absolute value of the difference between the radial runout value and the total runout value is recorded as the offset runout value of the half-axis. When the radial runout value is equal to the total runout value, it is determined that the half shaft is installed in place without offset, and the radial runout value is the actual runout value of the half shaft itself; when the radial runout value is less than the total runout value, it is determined that there is a deviation in the installation of the half shaft, and the deviation value is the offset runout value. At this time, it is necessary to reinstall the half shaft or check the status of the clamping module and then repeat the measurement.
[0014] Optionally, the worktable is provided with a straightening module, which is disposed above the half shaft and is used to apply downward pressure to the bent part of the half shaft for straightening.
[0015] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. By setting a first reference module and a second reference module on the worktable, the laser sensor is provided with a first detection reference and a second detection reference, respectively. In the first detection reference state, the laser sensor can directly measure the radial runout value of the half shaft itself, while in the second detection reference state, it can measure the total runout value, including the half shaft's own installation error. When the radial runout value is equal to the total runout value, it indicates that the half shaft has no installation error. At this time, there is no need to adjust the installation state of the half shaft, and the straightening module can straighten and adjust the half shaft. When the radial runout value is less than the total runout value, it indicates that the half shaft has an installation error, and the installation error is the absolute value of the difference between the radial runout value and the total runout value. At this time, the installation state of the half shaft needs to be adjusted. Otherwise, the half shaft will become more and more bent with the installation deviation, which will seriously affect the production quality of the half shaft. 2. By setting a positioning strip and two support rods of equal length, with the positioning strip perpendicular to both support rods, the two support rods are parallel to each other. According to the parallelogram principle, the line connecting the two contact balls at the ends of the two support rods will always remain parallel to the length direction of the positioning strip. The two contact balls remain in contact with the outer walls of both ends of the half-shaft, and their outer diameters are equal. Therefore, the length direction of the positioning strip is always parallel to the line connecting the center points of both ends of the half-shaft. The first reference guide rail is also parallel to the positioning strip, thus it is always parallel to the line connecting the center points of both ends of the half-shaft. The runout value measured by the laser sensor along the first reference guide rail is the true radial runout value of the half-shaft itself. Simultaneously, two auxiliary positioning balls are symmetrically arranged on both sides of each contact ball. When both auxiliary positioning balls and the contact balls are in contact with the outer wall of the half-shaft, the length direction of the support rod always points towards the center of the half-shaft. The orientation of the laser sensor's internal emitter is consistent with the length direction of the support rod, ensuring that the laser sensor's internal emitter always faces the center of the half-shaft. At this time, the laser sensor can accurately measure the radial runout value of the half-shaft. 3. During the measurement process, if multiple different half-shafts are tested and it is found that the radial runout values of these half-shafts are different, but the offset runout value is always a stable and non-zero value, this reflects that the fixture or center of the device itself has been worn or damaged, causing a systematic eccentricity to occur after all workpieces are clamped. At this time, the detection device is upgraded from a half-shaft runout detection device to a fixture status diagnosis device. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall structure of the detection device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram illustrating the half-shaft clamping and detection structure in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the first reference module shown in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the first reference module in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 An enlarged view at point A; Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the second reference module shown in an embodiment of this application.
[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Workbench; 11. Pressure head; 12. Straightening and pressure application component; 13. Support plate; 2. Clamping module; 21. Clamping head; 22. Clamping base; 3. Detection module; 31. Laser sensor; 32. Electromagnet; 4. First reference module; 41. First reference guide rail; 411. First fixed seat; 42. Positioning bar; 43. Support rod; 431. Contact ball; 432. Auxiliary positioning ball; 44. Mounting bracket; 441. Returning component; 442. First driving component; 45. Second driving component; 5. Second reference module; 51. Second reference guide rail; 52. Second fixing base; 6. Switching module; 61. Third drive unit; 62. Transfer frame; 7. Half shaft. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.
[0019] After heat treatment, half-shafts may deform or bend to varying degrees due to uneven cooling or stress release within the shaft, negatively impacting subsequent assembly and use. Therefore, half-shafts typically require straightening after tempering and polishing. For components like half-shafts that require high precision, high speed, and high load-bearing capacity, pressure straightening is usually employed to correct any deformation or bending. In this application, the half-shafts being inspected and straightened are generally of equal diameter, meaning the outer diameters of the shaft sections are equal or very similar, typically with the outer diameters at both ends being equal.
[0020] Before straightening, the radial runout of the entire half shaft is tested first. Then, pressure straightening is performed on the areas where the runout is too large. The runout of the half shaft is generally measured with the fixture as a reference. If there is a deviation when installing the half shaft, the final runout value cannot reflect whether it is actually present in the half shaft itself or caused by the installation deviation. If the runout value is caused by the half shaft installation deviation, then the straightening operation based on the runout value will cause the half shaft to become more and more bent.
[0021] This application discloses a testing device for automobile half-shaft straightening machining, see embodiments. Figure 1 and Figure 2The testing device for straightening automotive half-shafts includes a horizontally placed worktable 1, a clamping module 2 mounted on the worktable 1, a testing module 3, a first reference module 4, a second reference module 5, and a switching module 6. The worktable 1 is positioned in the working position by support legs, providing stable support for all the modules performing the testing and straightening operations. The testing device also includes a control unit (not shown), which can receive and analyze data from the modules and send corresponding action commands to them.
[0022] The clamping module 2 clamps both ends of the half-shaft 7 and drives it to rotate, stabilizing the detection and alignment state of the half-shaft 7. The first reference module 4 provides a first detection reference for the detection module 3. In the first detection reference state, the detection module 3 can measure the runout value of the half-shaft 7 relative to its own rotation center line, which is the radial runout value of the half-shaft 7. The second reference module 5 provides a second detection reference for the detection module 3. In the second detection reference state, the detection module 3 can measure the runout value of the detection half-shaft 7 relative to the clamping module 2 on the worktable 1, which is the total runout value of the half-shaft 7. The switching module 6 can actively switch the detection module 3 between the first detection reference state and the second detection reference state.
[0023] Understandably, the detection module 3 can directly measure the radial runout value of the half-shaft 7 itself in the first detection reference state, while in the second detection reference state, it can measure the total runout value, including the installation error of the half-shaft 7 itself. When the radial runout value is equal to the total runout value, it indicates that there is no error in the installation of the half-shaft 7 or the error is small enough not to affect the final detection result. In this case, there is no need to adjust the installation state of the half-shaft 7. However, when the radial runout value is less than the total runout value, it indicates that there is an installation error in the half-shaft 7. The installation error is the absolute value of the difference between the radial runout value and the total runout value. In this case, it is necessary to adjust the installation state of the half-shaft 7. Otherwise, the half-shaft 7 will become more and more bent under the condition of installation deviation, which will seriously affect the production quality of the half-shaft 7.
[0024] For example, the clamping module 2 includes corresponding clamping heads 21 and clamping seats 22. Two clamping heads 21 are provided and spaced apart at both ends of the half-shaft 7. Each clamping head 21 has a pointed tip on its opposite side, used to abut against the end of the half-shaft 7, thus laterally restricting the half-shaft 7 between the two clamping heads 21. One clamping head 21 is connected to a drive motor (not shown) via a rotating rod. The drive motor can drive the pointed tip to rotate, allowing the half-shaft 7 to rotate relative to the line connecting the two pointed tips for measurement. The clamping seat 22 is fixed to the worktable 1 below the clamping head 21. The clamping seat 22 is connected to the corresponding clamping head 21 via a telescopic cylinder, allowing the clamping head 21 to move up and down with the half-shaft 7 during straightening, preventing the half-shaft 7 from falling off during straightening. The clamping module 2 for clamping the half-shaft 7 described above is conventional prior art; as long as it can achieve the clamping and follow-up functions of the half-shaft 7, it is sufficient. To avoid taking up too much space, it will not be described in detail here.
[0025] For example, refer to Figures 2 to 5 The first reference module 4 includes a first reference guide rail 41, a positioning bar 42, two support rods 43, and a mounting frame 44. The mounting frame 44 is hollow inside and fixed to the top surface of the workbench 1 by a support, so that the mounting frame 44 is kept horizontal. The length of the mounting frame 44 is slightly larger than the length of the half-shaft 7 to be measured, and the mounting frame 44 is located on one side of the half-shaft 7 to be measured. The positioning bar 42 is movably disposed inside the mounting frame 44, and the initial length direction of the positioning bar 42 is consistent with the length direction of the mounting frame 44. The mounting frame 44 provides support for the positioning bar 42.
[0026] In some embodiments, two support rods 43 are respectively disposed at both ends of the positioning strip 42, and both are perpendicular to the positioning strip 42. The two support rods 43 are of equal length and are both located on the side of the mounting bracket 44 near the half-shaft 7. Each support rod 43 has a contact ball 431 rolledly connected at the end away from the positioning strip 42. The two contact balls 431 have equal outer diameters and are coaxially arranged with the corresponding support rod 43. The two contact balls 431 are used to abut against the outer walls at both ends of the half-shaft 7. A first reference guide rail 41 is located between the two support rods 43 and between the positioning strip 42 and the contact ball 431. The first reference guide rail 41 is kept parallel to the positioning strip 42, and both ends of the first reference guide rail 41 are connected to the two support rods 43 respectively, so that the first reference guide rail 41 is always perpendicular to the two support rods 43. The contact ball 431 is rolledly connected to the support rod 43 through a high-precision, zero-backlash radial ball bearing or needle roller bearing to ensure that the contact ball 431 can rotate smoothly without play. In this embodiment, the support rod 43 is initially horizontal and at the same horizontal height as the tip on the clamping head 21.
[0027] Furthermore, a first fixed seat 411 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the first reference guide rail 41 near the contact ball 431, and the first fixed seat 411 slides along the length of the first reference guide rail 41. The first reference guide rail 41 can preferably be a commercially available pneumatic guide rail, which can flexibly and accurately drive the first fixed seat 411 to slide back and forth on the first reference guide rail 41 using air pressure. The detection module 3 includes a laser sensor 31, which can preferably be a laser triangulation sensor, enabling the laser sensor 31 to obtain higher measurement accuracy and resolution, and is also more suitable for high-speed detection conditions. The laser sensor 31 is detachably connected to the first fixed seat 411, which facilitates the disassembly, assembly, and transfer of the laser sensor 31. At the same time, the orientation of the internal emitter of the laser sensor 31 is consistent with the length direction of the support rod 43, so that the internal emitter of the laser sensor 31 can emit a detection laser beam towards the center line of the half-axis 7. In this state, the detected half-axis 7 runout value is the most accurate.
[0028] Understandably, since the two support rods 43 are of equal length, the outer diameters of the contact balls 431 at their ends are also equal, and the positioning strip 42 is perpendicular to both support rods 43, the two support rods 43 are parallel and of equal length. According to the parallelogram principle, the line connecting the two contact balls 431 at the ends of the two support rods 43 will always remain parallel to the length direction of the positioning strip 42. The two contact balls 431 will remain in contact with the outer walls of both ends of the half-shaft 7, and since the outer diameters of the two contact balls 431 are equal, the two ends of the half-shaft 7... Since the outer diameters of the two halves are equal or differ very little, the length direction of the positioning strip 42 is always parallel to the line connecting the center points of the two ends of the half shaft 7. The first reference guide rail 41 is also parallel to the positioning strip 42, so the first reference guide rail 41 is always parallel to the line connecting the center points of the two ends of the half shaft 7. The laser sensor 31 slides along the length direction of the first reference guide rail 41. Therefore, the runout value measured by the laser sensor 31 is the true radial runout value of the half shaft 7 itself, which can effectively remove the measurement error caused by the installation deviation of the half shaft 7.
[0029] For example, in order to ensure that the common axis of the contact ball 431 and the support rod 43 always passes through the center of the cross section corresponding to the contact position of the half-shaft 7 and the contact ball 431, that is, to ensure that the measuring laser beam emitted by the laser sensor 31 always passes through the center of the cross section corresponding to the contact position of the half-shaft 7, so that the measured true runout value of the half-shaft 7 is more accurate, each support rod 43 is provided with two auxiliary positioning balls 432 at the same end of the contact ball 431. The two auxiliary positioning balls 432 are fixed to the support rod 43 by extending fixing rods, and the two auxiliary positioning balls 432 are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the contact ball 431 along the axis of the support rod 43. When the contact ball 431 contacts the outer wall of the half-shaft 7, the two auxiliary positioning balls 432 also simultaneously abut against the outer wall of the half-shaft 7.
[0030] It is understandable that, since the contact ball 431 and the two auxiliary positioning balls 432 can simultaneously abut against the outer wall of the half-shaft 7, according to the knowledge of plane geometry, three points on a plane can determine a circle. The two auxiliary positioning balls 432 are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the whole formed by the contact ball 431 and the support rod 43. Therefore, the contact points of the contact ball 431 and the two auxiliary positioning balls 432 with the outer wall of the half-shaft 7 are located in the same plane. Thus, it can be known that the common axis of the contact ball 431 and the support rod 43 will always pass through the center of the cross section of the half-shaft 7 at the corresponding contact position. The orientation of the emitter inside the laser sensor 31 is consistent with the length direction of the support rod 43, so that the emitter inside the laser sensor 31 can always face the center direction of the half-shaft 7. At this time, the laser sensor 31 can accurately measure the radial runout value of the half-shaft 7.
[0031] For example, the outer wall surfaces of the positioning strip 42 at each position are elastically connected to the inner wall of the mounting bracket 44 via return members 441. The return members 441 are preferably small-sized, highly resilient compression springs with low rigidity. The number of return members 441 is set to several, and the specific number can be determined according to the actual area of the outer wall of the positioning strip 42. A first driving member 442 is fixed on the side wall of the mounting bracket 44 away from the contact ball 431. The first driving member 442 is preferably a telescopic electric cylinder. The body of the first driving member 442 is fixed on the mounting bracket 44. The output shaft of the first driving member 442 passes through the through groove on the side wall of the mounting bracket 44 and extends into the interior of the mounting bracket 44, and is also connected to the positioning strip 42 via the return members 441.
[0032] Because the half-shaft 7 may be improperly installed, or the tip of the clamping head 21 may be worn, or the half-shaft 7 itself may be bent, the axis of the support rod 43 will not directly pass through the center line of the half-shaft 7 after it is fixed by the clamping head 21. At this time, the first driving member 442 drives the positioning strip 42 to move towards the half-shaft 7 through the return member 441. The positioning strip 42 drives the contact ball 431 and the corresponding auxiliary positioning ball 432 to abut against the outer wall of the end of the half-shaft 7 through the support rod 43. In order for the contact ball 431 and the two corresponding auxiliary positioning balls 432 to contact the outer wall of the half-shaft 7 at the same time, the support rod 43 will deflect relative to the mounting bracket 44. At this time, the support rod 43 will cause the positioning strip 42 to shift inside the hollow interior of the mounting bracket 44. The return member 441 between the support rod 43 and the inner wall of the mounting bracket 44 allows the positioning strip 42 to shift position, while also providing elastic support for the positioning strip 42. This allows the positioning strip 42 to follow the offset of the support rod 43 and the contact ball 431. The first driving member 442 always applies pressure to the positioning strip 42 through the return member 441. The pressure is transmitted to the inner contact ball 431 and the auxiliary positioning ball 432 through the support rod 43, so that the contact ball 431 and the auxiliary positioning ball 432 can always maintain contact with the outer wall of the half shaft 7. During the rotation of the half shaft 7, even if the half shaft 7 itself is bent, the contact ball 431 and the auxiliary positioning ball 432 can still follow the movement of the half shaft 7. At this time, the laser sensor 31 on the first reference guide rail 41 will also follow the movement of the half shaft 7 and always face the center line of the half shaft 7.
[0033] For example, one end of the support rod 43 near the positioning strip 42 is slidably connected to the side wall of the positioning strip 42 via a sliding block. A second driving member 45 is fixed on the side wall of the positioning strip 42 between the two support rods 43. The second driving member 45 is preferably a double-headed telescopic electric cylinder. The second driving member 45 can drive the two support rods 43 to move synchronously in a direction that approaches or moves away from each other, so that the distance between the two support rods 43 can be adapted to the length of the half-shaft 7, thereby allowing the contact ball 431 corresponding to the end of the support rod 43 to abut against the two ends of the half-shaft 7 of different lengths. Correspondingly, the two support rods 43 are respectively connected to the first reference guide rail 41 via connecting rods. One end of the connecting rod is inserted into and slidably connected to one end of the first reference guide rail 41 and slides along the length direction of the first reference guide rail 41. The other end of the connecting rod is directly fixedly connected to the support rod 43.
[0034] For example, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6The second reference module 5 includes a second reference guide rail 51, which can preferably be a commercially available pneumatic guide rail. The second reference guide rail 51 is directly fixedly installed on the top surface of the workbench 1, and its length direction is consistent with the length direction of the mounting bracket 44. A second fixed seat 52 is slidably connected to the top surface of the second reference guide rail 51. The second fixed seat 52 slides along the length direction of the second reference guide rail 51. The second reference guide rail 51 is located below the first reference guide rail 41 and its top surface is inclined. The second fixed seat 52 is also detachably connected to the laser sensor 31 so that after the laser sensor 31 is installed on the second fixed seat 52, the laser beam emitted by the internal transmitter can pass through the line connecting the two tips of the clamping head 21.
[0035] For example, the switching module 6 is located between the first reference guide rail 41 and the second reference guide rail 51. The switching module 6 includes a third drive member 61 and a transfer frame 62. The third drive member 61 is preferably a telescopic electric cylinder or a telescopic pneumatic cylinder. The third drive member 61 is fixed to the top surface of the worktable 1 and is located at one end of the second reference guide rail 51. The output shaft of the third drive member 61 is vertically upward. The transfer frame 62 is fixed to the output shaft of the third drive member 61 by a mounting base, so that the third drive member 61 can drive the transfer frame 62 to perform lifting and lowering movements, so that the laser sensor 31 is transferred on the first reference guide rail 41 and the second reference guide rail 51.
[0036] In some embodiments, the transfer frame 62 may consist of two horizontal, parallel, and spaced-apart transfer rods. A protruding electromagnet 32 is fixed to both the upper and lower outer walls of the laser sensor 31. The electromagnet 32 generates magnetism when energized. A protruding L-shaped baffle is fixed to the first fixing seat 411, and an iron sheet is fixed to the inner top wall of the L-shaped baffle. Similarly, an L-shaped baffle is also provided on the top surface of the second fixing seat 52, and an iron sheet is fixed to the inner bottom wall of the L-shaped baffle. The two transfer rods of the transfer frame 62 can be respectively supported on both sides of the electromagnet 32 at the bottom of the laser sensor 31. A small electric cylinder is fixed to the mounting base corresponding to the transfer frame 62. The small electric cylinder can drive the two transfer rods to extend and retract synchronously relative to the mounting base, allowing the two transfer rods of the transfer frame 62 to move to a position below the laser sensor 31, thereby supporting the laser sensor 31. It is worth noting that the L-shaped baffle on the second fixed seat 52 is hinged to the second fixed seat 52. After the L-shaped baffle can swing, the laser sensor 31 fixed on it can be oriented toward the center line of the tip of the clamping head 21. The swing of the L-shaped baffle can be precisely controlled by a rotary cylinder, which is a conventional technical means and will not be described in detail here.
[0037] The third driving component 61 can drive the laser sensor 31 to rise and fall via the transfer frame 62. When the transfer frame 62 rises, it drives the laser sensor 31 to rise, and the electromagnet 32 at the top of the laser sensor 31 is energized to generate magnetism, so that the laser sensor 31 can be fixed by the attraction between the top electromagnet 32 and the iron sheet of the L-shaped baffle on the first fixed base 411. Similarly, when the laser sensor 31 needs to be transferred to the second fixed base 52, the electromagnet 32 at the top of the laser sensor 31 is de-energized, the laser sensor 31 falls on the transfer frame 62, and the electromagnet 32 at the bottom of the laser sensor 31 is energized to generate magnetism, so that the laser sensor 31 can be fixed by the attraction between the bottom electromagnet 32 and the iron sheet of the L-shaped baffle on the second fixed base 52. After each transfer begins or ends, the first fixed base 411 and the second fixed base 52 will move to the position of one end of the third driving component 61 to wait for the transfer. At the same time, the transfer frame 62 will descend to the lowest position to facilitate the subsequent transfer of the laser sensor 31. The relevant control logic can be achieved by inputting software algorithms into the chip inside the control unit. These are all conventional and easily implemented existing technologies, and will not be described in detail here.
[0038] In the actual measurement of the runout value, the data measured by the laser sensor 31 on the half shaft 7 on the first fixed seat 411 is recorded as the radial runout value of the half shaft 7 itself, and the data measured by the laser sensor 31 on the half shaft 7 on the second fixed seat 52 is recorded as the total runout value of the half shaft 7 relative to the pin on the clamping head 21. The absolute value of the difference between the radial runout value and the total runout value is recorded as the offset runout value of the half shaft 7. The offset runout value reflects the offset value that occurs when the half shaft 7 is installed and positioned.
[0039] When the measured radial runout value is equal to the total runout value, it is determined that the half shaft 7 has been installed in place without offset. The measured radial runout value at this time is the true runout value of the half shaft 7 itself. The half shaft 7 can be straightened according to this radial runout value data in the future. When the measured radial runout value is less than the total runout value, it is determined that there is a deviation in the installation of the half shaft 7. The deviation value is the offset runout value. At this time, it is necessary to reinstall the half shaft 7 or check the wear condition of the clamping module 2 and then repeat the measurement to eliminate the situation where the straightening is more bending due to the installation deviation.
[0040] In some implementations, preset thresholds can be directly set into the computing chip of the control unit via software algorithms. For example, a first threshold can be set for the radial runout value, and a second threshold can be set for the total runout value, with the first threshold being less than the second threshold. Each actual runout value is compared to its corresponding threshold; any value exceeding the threshold is considered unqualified. When the radial runout value is acceptable but the total runout value is unacceptable, it is determined that the radial runout value of the half-shaft 7 itself is acceptable, but the installation offset is unacceptable. In this case, the absolute value of the difference between the radial runout value and the total runout value is the installation offset of the half-shaft 7, and the clamping module 2 needs to be checked subsequently. When the radial runout value of the half-shaft 7 itself is unacceptable but the total runout value is acceptable, if the radial runout value and the total runout value are equal, it is determined that there is no deviation in the installation of the half-shaft 7, and the half-shaft 7 can be directly straightened subsequently. When both the radial runout value and the total runout value are unacceptable, and the radial runout value is less than the total runout value, it is determined that there is a deviation in the installation of the half-shaft 7, and reinstallation and calibration are required. When both the radial runout value and the total runout value are acceptable, the half-shaft 7 can be directly straightened subsequently.
[0041] During the measurement process, if multiple different half-shafts 7 are tested and it is found that the radial runout values of these half-shafts 7 are different, but the offset runout value is always a stable and non-zero value, this reflects that the fixture or center of the device itself has been worn or damaged, causing a systematic eccentricity to occur after all workpieces are clamped. At this time, the detection device is upgraded from a half-shaft 7 runout value detection device to a fixture status diagnosis device.
[0042] For example, the workbench 1 is also equipped with a straightening module, which includes a straightening pressure head 11, a straightening pressure application component 12, and a straightening drive assembly. The pressure head 11 is located above the half-shaft 7. The straightening pressure application component 12 is preferably an electric telescopic cylinder. The output shaft of the straightening pressure application component 12 is vertically downward, and the pressure head 11 is fixed to the bottom end of the output shaft of the straightening pressure application component 12. The straightening drive assembly includes a horizontally arranged lead screw and nut pair (not shown). The straightening pressure application component 12 is mounted on the lead screw and nut pair via a mounting plate, so that the straightening pressure application component 12 can drive the pressure head 11 to reciprocate along the length direction of the half-shaft 7. The lead screw and nut pair is fixed above the workbench 1 via a mounting seat, and the lead screw and nut pair is installed inside the mounting seat to form effective protection. The workbench 1 is also equipped with two liftable support plates 13 at the bottom of the half-shaft 7. The two support plates 13 are spaced apart along the length direction of the half-shaft 7 and can provide support for the half-shaft 7 when the pressure head 11 presses down on it. The pressure head 11 applying pressure to straighten the half shaft 7 and the support plate 13 providing support to the half shaft 7 are both conventional technical means in this field, and will not be described in detail here.
[0043] Since the laser sensor 31 knows not only where the maximum bending point of the half-shaft 7 is when it performs measurement in the first detection reference state, but also the shape and span of the overall bending of the half-shaft 7, the control unit can actively issue a straightening command to the pressure head 11. For example, if it is a long-wave bend, please use a wide pressure head 11 with a width of 200mm for straightening; or if it is a short-wave sharp bend, please switch to a narrow pressure head 11 with a width of 50mm.
[0044] The implementation principle of the detection device for automobile half-shaft straightening processing in this application embodiment is as follows: The first reference guide rail 41 provides a first detection reference for the laser sensor 31. The laser sensor 31 can measure the radial runout value of the half-shaft 7 itself on the first fixed seat 411 in the first detection reference state. Then, the laser sensor 31 is transferred to the second reference guide rail 51 through the switching module 6 to measure the total runout value of the half-shaft 7 in the second detection reference state. Then, the radial runout value and the total runout value are analyzed to see if they are qualified, and the offset runout value is calculated. If the total runout value is greater than the radial runout value and the total runout value is not qualified, it indicates that the installation state of the half-shaft 7 is deviated and needs to be repositioned and installed or the state of the clamping module 2 needs to be detected.
[0045] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0046] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.
[0047] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.
Claims
1. A testing device for straightening automotive half-shafts, characterized in that: include Workbench (1); Clamping module (2) is used to clamp both ends of half shaft (7) and drive half shaft (7) to rotate; The detection module (3) is used to detect the radial runout value of the half shaft (7) when the half shaft (7) rotates; The first reference module (4) includes a first reference guide rail (41) for providing a first detection reference for the detection module (3). The detection module (3) can measure the radial runout value of the half shaft (7) relative to its own rotation center line by moving along the first reference guide rail (41). The second reference module (5) includes a second reference guide rail (51) for providing a second detection reference for the detection module (3). The detection module (3) can detect the total runout value of the half shaft (7) caused by the installation offset when it moves along the second reference guide rail (51). The switching module (6) can actively switch the detection module (3) between the first reference rail (41) and the second reference rail (51).
2. The testing device for automobile half-shaft straightening machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first reference module (4) also includes a positioning bar (42) and two support rods (43). The two support rods (43) are respectively set at both ends of the positioning bar (42) and are perpendicular to the positioning bar (42). The two support rods (43) are of equal length. Each support rod (43) has a contact ball (431) coaxially set at the end away from the positioning bar (42). The two contact balls (431) have the same outer diameter. The contact balls (431) are respectively used to abut against the outer walls at both ends of the half shaft (7). The axis of the support rod (43) passes through the center of the cross section corresponding to the contact position of the half shaft (7) and the contact ball (431). The first reference guide rail (41) is located between the two support rods (43). The first reference guide rail (41) is connected to the two support rods (43) respectively and is parallel to the positioning bar (42).
3. The testing device for automobile half-shaft straightening machining according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the support rods (43) has two auxiliary positioning balls (432) at the same end of the contact ball (431). The two auxiliary positioning balls (432) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the corresponding contact ball (431) and are used to abut against the outer wall of the end of the half shaft (7).
4. The testing device for automobile half-shaft straightening machining according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first reference module (4) also includes a hollow mounting bracket (44). The length direction of the mounting bracket (44) is consistent with that of the positioning strip (42). The positioning strip (42) is movably disposed inside the mounting bracket (44). All outer walls of the positioning strip (42) are elastically connected to the inner wall of the mounting bracket (44) through a return member (441). A first driving member (442) is provided on the side of the mounting bracket (44) away from the contact ball (431) to drive the positioning strip (42) to move in the direction of the half shaft (7) so that the contact ball (431) contacts the half shaft (7).
5. The testing device for automobile half-shaft straightening machining according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support rod (43) is slidably connected to the side wall of the positioning strip (42) at one end near the positioning strip (42). The positioning strip (42) is provided with a second driving member (45) between the two support rods (43). The second driving member (45) is used to drive the two support rods (43) to move synchronously in the direction of approaching or moving away from each other, so that the distance between the two support rods (43) can be adapted to the length of the half shaft (7). The two support rods (43) are respectively connected to the first reference guide rail (41) through connecting rods. One end of the connecting rod is inserted and slidably connected to one end of the first reference guide rail (41) and slides along the length direction of the first reference guide rail (41).
6. The testing device for automobile half-shaft straightening machining according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first reference guide rail (41) is slidably connected to the side wall of the contact ball (431) with a first fixed seat (411). The first fixed seat (411) slides along the length direction of the first reference guide rail (41). The detection module (3) includes a laser sensor (31). The laser sensor (31) is detachably connected to the first fixed seat (411). The emitter inside the laser sensor (31) is aligned with the length direction of the support rod (43) and faces the direction of the half-axis (7). The second reference guide rail (51) is located below the first reference guide rail (41). The switching module (6) is located between the first reference guide rail (41) and the second reference guide rail (51).
7. The testing device for automobile half-shaft straightening machining according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second reference guide rail (51) is installed on the top surface of the workbench (1). The second reference guide rail (51) is arranged parallel to the length direction of the mounting frame (44). The top surface of the second reference guide rail (51) is slidably connected to the second fixed seat (52). The switching module (6) is used to drive the laser sensor (31) to switch between the first fixed seat (411) and the second fixed seat (52).
8. The testing device for automobile half-shaft straightening machining according to claim 7, characterized in that: The data measured by the laser sensor (31) on the half-shaft (7) on the first fixed base (411) is recorded as the radial runout value of the half-shaft (7), and the data measured by the laser sensor (31) on the half-shaft (7) on the second fixed base (52) is recorded as the total runout value of the half-shaft (7). The absolute value of the difference between the radial runout value and the total runout value is recorded as the offset runout value of the half-shaft (7). When the radial runout value is equal to the total runout value, it is determined that the half shaft (7) is installed in place without offset, and the radial runout value is the actual runout value of the half shaft (7); when the radial runout value is less than the total runout value, it is determined that the half shaft (7) is installed with deviation, and the deviation value is the offset runout value. At this time, it is necessary to reinstall the half shaft (7) or check the status of the clamping module (2) and then repeat the measurement.
9. The testing device for automobile half-shaft straightening machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench (1) is equipped with a straightening module, which is positioned above the half shaft (7) to apply downward pressure to the bent portion of the half shaft (7) for straightening.