Motor, compressor and refrigeration equipment
By rationally designing the parameters of the stator slots and rotor components, the iron and copper losses of the motor are balanced, solving the problems of low motor efficiency and poor heat dissipation, and improving the overall performance of the motor.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411061096.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-03
AI Technical Summary
The iron loss and copper loss of a motor are difficult to balance, resulting in low motor efficiency, unstable operation, poor heat dissipation, and reduced service life.
By rationally designing the area and number of stator slots and the number of poles of rotor components, the iron loss and copper loss of the motor can be balanced, the magnetic flux flow can be optimized, and the heat dissipation performance can be improved.
It achieves a balance in motor losses, improves motor efficiency and heat dissipation performance, and extends service life.
Smart Images
Figure CN121461638A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric machines, in particular to an electric machine, a compressor and a refrigeration device. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the rapid development of industrial automation and intelligent manufacturing, the performance of electric machines as core components of driving devices directly affects the efficiency and reliability of the entire system.
[0003] Currently, electric machine losses mainly include iron loss and copper loss. However, due to the limitations of electric machine design and manufacturing process, it is often difficult to achieve an ideal balance between iron loss and copper loss. This imbalance not only reduces the overall efficiency of the electric machine, but also causes the electric machine to run unstable, poor heat dissipation performance, and even affects the service life of the electric machine. SUMMARY
[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide an electric machine, a compressor and a refrigeration device, which aims to balance the iron loss and copper loss of the electric machine to improve the efficiency of the electric machine.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the electric machine provided by the present application comprises a stator component and a rotor component arranged inside the stator component.
[0006] The stator component comprises a stator core, the stator core comprises a plurality of stator laminations stacked along its axial direction, the stator laminations comprise a stator yoke and a plurality of stator teeth arranged inside the stator yoke, the maximum radius and the minimum radius of the stator laminations are R1 and R2 respectively, the stator yoke and the adjacent two stator teeth form a stator slot, the area of the stator slot is S, the number of stator slots is Q, and the number of poles of the rotor component is P,
[0007] In an embodiment
[0008] In an embodiment, 110mm 2 ≤S≤190mm 2 .
[0009] In an embodiment, 40mm≤R1≤70mm.
[0010] In an embodiment, 24mm≤R2≤35mm.
[0011] In an embodiment, the thickness of the stator laminations is t,
[0012] In an embodiment, the outer contour of the stator yoke is any one of a circle and a special shape.
[0013] In one embodiment, the rotor component includes a rotor core with a plurality of mounting slots distributed circumferentially thereon for fixing permanent magnets. The permanent magnets include at least one and have a total length L1 and a width L2.
[0014] In one embodiment
[0015] In one embodiment, 14mm ≤ L1 ≤ 23mm.
[0016] In one embodiment, 1.1mm ≤ L2 ≤ 1.8mm.
[0017] In one implementation, 15 ≤ Q ≤ 18.
[0018] In one implementation, 10 ≤ P ≤ 12.
[0019] In one embodiment, the number of stator slots Q, the number of poles p of the rotor component, and the number of motor phases m satisfy the following condition: 0 < Q / mP < 1.
[0020] The present invention also proposes a compressor comprising the motor described above.
[0021] The present invention also proposes a refrigeration device, which includes a compressor as described above.
[0022] In the technical solution of this invention, the motor includes a stator component and a rotor component. The stator component includes a stator core, and multiple stator slots are formed on the stator laminations of the stator core. The area S of the stator slots, the number Q of the stator slots, the maximum radius R1 of the stator laminations, the minimum radius R2 of the stator laminations, and the number of poles P of the rotor component are satisfied as follows: Thus, a reasonable design of the stator slot area can ensure that the stator slot can accommodate a sufficient amount of stator windings, reducing copper losses. It can also ensure the material usage of the stator laminations, guarantee the flow of magnetic flux in the stator core, reduce iron losses, and balance the iron and copper losses of the motor. According to empirical theory, the motor efficiency is highest when the copper and iron losses of the permanent magnet synchronous motor are balanced. Secondly, it can improve the heat dissipation performance of the motor, thereby reducing the efficiency reduction and shortened lifespan caused by motor overheating. Attached Figure Description
[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the motor provided by the present invention;
[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a stator lamination of the middle stator component according to an embodiment;
[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the stator lamination of the middle stator component;
[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a rotor lamination of the intermediate rotor component, wherein L1 = a;
[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the rotor lamination of the intermediate rotor component, wherein L1 = a + b;
[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the rotor laminations of the intermediate rotor component in another embodiment, wherein L1 = a + b + c;
[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the compressor provided by the present invention;
[0031] Figure 8 A graph showing the relationship between motor losses and efficiency;
[0032] Figure 9 This is a graph showing the relationship between the thickness of the stator laminations and the motor efficiency.
[0033] Figure 10 This is a graph showing the relationship between the area of the permanent magnets on the rotor core and the motor efficiency.
[0034] Explanation of icon numbers:
[0035] 1. Compressor; 100. Motor; 10. Stator assembly; 11. Stator laminations; 111. Stator yoke; 112. Stator teeth; 113. Stator slots; 12. Stator windings; 20. Rotor assembly; 21. Rotor core; 211. Mounting slot; 22. Permanent magnet; 30. Pump body assembly; 40. Housing.
[0036] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation
[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0038] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.
[0039] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.
[0040] With the rapid development of industrial automation and intelligent manufacturing, motors, as the core component of drive equipment, directly affect the efficiency and reliability of the entire system.
[0041] Currently, motor losses mainly consist of two parts: iron losses and copper losses. However, due to limitations in motor design and manufacturing processes, iron losses and copper losses are often difficult to achieve an ideal balance. This imbalance not only reduces the overall efficiency of the motor but also leads to unstable motor operation, poor heat dissipation, and even affects the service life of the motor.
[0042] To solve this technical problem, the present invention proposes a motor 100.
[0043] Please see Figures 1 to 7In one embodiment of the present invention, the motor 100 includes a stator component 10 and a rotor component 20 disposed inside the stator component 10; the stator component 10 includes a stator core, the stator core including a plurality of stator laminations 11 stacked along its axial direction, the stator laminations 11 including a stator yoke 111 and a plurality of stator teeth 112 disposed inside the stator yoke 111, the maximum radius and the minimum radius of the stator laminations 11 being R1 and R2 respectively, the stator yoke 111 and two adjacent stator teeth 112 forming a stator slot 113, the area of the stator slot 113 being S, the number of stator slots 113 being Q, and the number of poles of the rotor component 20 being P. This configuration can improve motor efficiency by balancing the iron and copper losses of motor 100.
[0044] In the technical solution of the present invention, the motor 100 includes a stator component 10 and a rotor component 20. The stator component 10 includes a stator core, and a plurality of stator slots 113 are formed on the stator laminations 11 of the stator core. The area S of the stator slots 113, the number Q of the stator slots 113, the maximum radius R1 of the stator laminations 11, the minimum radius R2 of the stator laminations 11, and the number of poles P of the rotor component 20 are satisfied as follows: Thus, by rationally designing the area of the stator slot 113, it is possible to ensure that the stator slot 113 can accommodate a sufficient number of stator windings 12, reducing copper losses. It is also possible to ensure the material usage of the stator laminations 11, ensuring the flow of magnetic flux in the stator core of the motor 100, reducing iron losses. By controlling the distribution ratio of copper losses and iron losses, the efficiency of the motor can be improved. Furthermore, by balancing the iron losses and copper losses of the motor 100, the heat dissipation performance of the motor 100 can be improved, thereby reducing the efficiency reduction and shortened lifespan caused by overheating of the motor 100.
[0045] Specifically, by limiting The product of P and P takes a value between 3.5 and 5.5. On the one hand, by utilizing the large area of a single stator slot 113, more stator windings 12 can be accommodated within the stator laminations 11, thereby effectively reducing the resistance loss generated when current passes through the windings of the motor 100 and improving the copper loss of the motor 100. On the other hand, since iron loss includes hysteresis loss and eddy current loss, and hysteresis loss is positively correlated with the magnetic flux density passing through the iron core and the alternation frequency of the magnetic field, by increasing the amount of material used in the stator laminations 11 while ensuring the area of the stator slot 113, the width of the stator teeth 112 can be increased, ensuring the flow of magnetic flux on the stator teeth 112 and improving hysteresis loss. At the same time, by coordinating with the specific number P of the magnetic poles of the rotor component 20, the alternation frequency of the magnetic field can be changed to improve the hysteresis loss on the stator iron core, thereby improving the iron loss of the motor 100, achieving a balance of losses in the motor 100, and thus significantly improving the efficiency and reliability of the motor 100.
[0046] in, The specific values include, but are not limited to, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 5, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, and 5.5.
[0047] Combination Figure 8 As shown, it can be obtained that when limited When the specific value is between 3.5 and 5.5, an effective balance between iron loss and copper loss can be achieved, reducing overall loss and thus improving the efficiency of motor 100 under various working conditions.
[0048] Furthermore, in embodiments of the present invention, That is, to further shrink The range of values ensures the maximization of motor efficiency and can further improve the heat dissipation performance of motor 100, reduce the need for additional cooling systems that complicate motor 100, and thus improve the performance of motor 100.
[0049] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, 110mm 2 ≤S≤190mm 2 It's understandable that when S is greater than 190mm 2 When the area of the stator slot 113 is too large, it is easy to reduce the width of the stator teeth 112 on stator laminations 11 of the same size, resulting in reduced structural strength of the stator laminations 11 and increased iron loss; when S is less than 110mm 2 At that time, if the area of stator slot 113 was too small, it could not accommodate a large number of copper wires, which would easily increase copper losses and would also be detrimental to the heat dissipation of motor 100. Therefore, the area of stator slot 113 was limited to 110 mm². 2 and 190mm 2 This effectively balances iron and copper losses, thereby improving motor efficiency and heat dissipation performance.
[0050] Specifically, the area of stator slot 113 may be, but is not limited to, 110 mm². 2 120mm 2 130mm 2 140mm 2 150mm 2 160mm 2 170mm 2 180mm 2 190mm 2 However, in other embodiments, the area of the stator slot 113 can be greater than 190 mm², provided the size of the stator lamination 11 allows. 2 or less than 110mm 2,at this time The specific value can also change.
[0051] Optionally, in embodiments of the present invention, 40mm≤R1≤70mm; and / or 24mm≤R2≤35mm, wherein the maximum radius R1 of the stator lamination 11 is obtained by the outer radius of the stator yoke 111, and the minimum radius R2 of the stator lamination 11 is the distance between the end of the stator tooth 112 away from the stator yoke 111 and the center of the stator lamination 11. It can be understood that by limiting 40mm≤R1≤70mm; and / or 24mm≤R2≤35mm, the total radial length of the stator tooth 112 and the stator yoke 111 can be limited to a certain extent, so that a larger stator slot 113 can be opened in a limited area, thereby facilitating the balance of iron loss and copper loss, improving motor efficiency, and also facilitating the matching of a larger rotor component 20, thereby improving the load capacity of the motor 100 to a certain extent.
[0052] Specifically, the maximum radius of the stator lamination 11 may include, but is not limited to, 40mm, 45mm, 50mm, 55mm, 60mm, 65mm, and 70mm; the minimum radius of the stator lamination 11 may include, but is not limited to, 24mm, 25mm, 26mm, 27mm, 28mm, 29mm, 30mm, 32mm, and 35mm. However, in other embodiments, within the limits of the stator lamination 11's dimensions, the maximum radius of the stator lamination 11 may be less than 40mm or greater than 70mm; the minimum radius of the stator lamination 11 may be less than 24mm or greater than 35mm. The specific value can also change.
[0053] The maximum radius of the outer periphery of the stator lamination 11 is R1, which is the maximum distance from the center of the stator lamination 11 to its outer edge contour. If the outer periphery of the stator lamination 11 is a complete circle, it can be directly measured to obtain the maximum radius of the stator lamination 11 as R1; if the outer periphery of the stator lamination 11 is a non-circular shape with a groove, the maximum radius of the stator lamination 11 is measured to be R1 after determining the circle at three points at the outermost end of the arc.
[0054] The minimum radius of the inner periphery of the stator lamination 11 is R2, which is the minimum distance from the center of the stator lamination 11 to its inner edge contour. If the inner periphery of the stator lamination 11 is a full circle, it can be directly measured to obtain the minimum radius of the stator lamination 11 as R2. If the inner periphery of the stator lamination 11 is a non-full circle with a groove, the minimum radius of the stator lamination 11 is measured to be R2 after determining the circle at the three points at the innermost end of the arc.
[0055] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the stator lamination 11 is t. Understandably, when the motor 100 is energized, the eddy currents induced by the magnetic field flow between two adjacent stator laminations 11, causing heat to be generated in the stator core and resulting in eddy current losses. Since eddy current losses are directly proportional to the thickness of the stator laminations 11 and also directly proportional to the alternating frequency, therefore, in combination with... Figure 9 As shown, limited The value of is between 0.05 and 0.06, which allows for a reduction in the thickness of the stator lamination 11 within a limited number of magnetic poles (with the same alternating frequency), thereby increasing the resistivity of the stator lamination 11, lengthening the eddy current path, and thus reducing eddy current losses and improving motor efficiency. This thickness is the thickness along the axial direction of the stator lamination 11.
[0056] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In embodiments of the present invention, the outer contour of the stator yoke 111 is either circular or irregular, wherein, for example... Figure 2 As shown, the outer contour of the stator yoke 111 is circular, which facilitates the manufacturing of the stator laminations 11 and also contributes to a more uniform magnetic flux distribution, reducing local concentrations of magnetic flux and thus lowering iron losses; Figure 3 As shown, the outer contour of the stator yoke 111 is irregular, that is, a groove is formed on the outside of the stator yoke 111, and the distance between the bottom wall of the groove and the center of the stator lamination 11 is between the maximum radius and the minimum radius of the stator yoke 111. By providing a larger surface area, heat exchange is increased and the heat dissipation performance of the motor 100 is improved. The contour line of the groove may include at least one of the following: arc segment, straight line segment, and polyline.
[0057] Please see Figures 4 to 6 In an embodiment of the present invention, the rotor component 20 includes a rotor core 21, the rotor core 21 having a plurality of mounting slots 211 distributed along its circumference, the mounting slots 211 being used to fix permanent magnets 22, the permanent magnets 22 including at least one, and having a total length L1 and a width L2. Understandably, the minimum radius R2 of the stator lamination 11 is the maximum radius of the rotor core 21, and the air gap between them is negligible. The number of permanent magnets 22 located in the mounting slot 211 is not limited to one. The magnitude of the magnetic field within the motor 100 is obtained through (L1*L2*P), and then, combined with... Figure 10 As shown, by limiting the ratio of the diameter of the rotor core 21 to the magnitude of the magnetic field to between 0.3 and 0.4, more permanent magnets 22 can be reasonably arranged in the rotor core 21. While ensuring the structural strength of the rotor core 21, the maximum output torque of the motor 100 can be effectively improved, thereby improving the overload capacity of the motor 100, thus improving the motor efficiency, and also improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor 100 to a certain extent.
[0058] The shape of the mounting slot 211 can be as follows: Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, in this case, one permanent magnet 22 is installed in the mounting slot 211, and its length a = L1; it can also be as follows: Figure 5 As shown in the V-shape, there are two permanent magnets 22, located in the first and second sections of the mounting groove 211 respectively. The length of the permanent magnet 22 in the first section is 'a', and the length of the permanent magnet 22 in the second section is 'b', where a + b = L1. Alternatively, it can be... Figure 6 As shown in the U-shape, there are three permanent magnets 22, which are respectively located in the first, second and third sections of the mounting groove 211. The length of the permanent magnet 22 in the first section is a, the length of the permanent magnet 22 in the second section is b, and the length of the permanent magnet 22 in the third section is c, and a+b+c=L1. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of permanent magnets 22 is greater than 3.
[0059] Specifically, The specific values include, but are not limited to, 0.3, 0.31, 0.32, 0.33, 0.34, 0.35, 0.36, 0.37, 0.38, 0.39, and 0.4.
[0060] Furthermore, in embodiments of the present invention, That is, to further shrink The range of values is determined to ensure maximum motor efficiency.
[0061] Optionally, in embodiments of the present invention, 14mm≤L1≤23mm; and / or 1.1mm≤L2≤1.8mm. By limiting L1 and / or L2, the cross-sectional area of a single permanent magnet 22 can be determined to a certain extent. Combined with the setting of 24mm≤R2≤35mm, the number of permanent magnets 22 on the rotor core 21 can be limited. In this way, while ensuring the structural stability of the rotor component 20, the maximum output torque is increased and the motor efficiency is improved.
[0062] Specifically, the length of the permanent magnet 22 may include, but is not limited to, 14mm, 15mm, 16mm, 17mm, 18mm, 19mm, 20mm, 21mm, 22mm, and 23mm; the width of the permanent magnet 22 may include, but is not limited to, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, and 1.8mm. However, in other embodiments, within the limits of the rotor core 21's dimensions, the length of the permanent magnet 22 may be less than 14mm or greater than 23mm; the width of the permanent magnet 22 may be less than 1.1mm or greater than 1.8mm. The specific value can also change.
[0063] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, 15 ≤ Q ≤ 18; wherein the number of stator slots 113 can be selected according to actual needs.
[0064] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, 10≤P≤12, wherein the number of poles of the rotor component 20 can be selected according to actual needs.
[0065] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the number Q of the stator slots 113, the number p of the rotor component 20, and the number m of the motor 100 satisfy the following condition: 0 < Q / mP < 1, that is, the motor 100 is a fractional slot motor 100. By using a fractional slot motor 100, the uneven distribution of magnetic flux can be reduced by optimizing the combination of the number of slots and the number of poles, and a smoother torque can be output, thereby improving the motor performance.
[0066] The present invention also proposes a compressor 1, which includes a motor 100. The specific structure of the motor 100 is as described in the above embodiments. Since the compressor 1 adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here. The compressor 1 includes a housing 40, and a stator component 10, a rotor component 20 disposed in the stator component 10, and a pump body component 30 connected to the rotor component 20 are disposed within the housing 40.
[0067] The present invention also proposes a refrigeration device, which includes a compressor 1. The specific structure of the compressor 1 is as described in the above embodiments. Since the refrigeration device adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.
[0068] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An electric motor, characterized in that, It includes a stator assembly and a rotor assembly disposed inside the stator assembly; The stator component includes a stator core, which comprises multiple stator laminations stacked along its axial direction. Each stator lamination includes a stator yoke and multiple stator teeth disposed inside the stator yoke. The maximum and minimum radii of the stator laminations are R1 and R2, respectively. The stator yoke and two adjacent stator teeth enclose a stator slot, the area of which is S, and the number of stator slots is Q. The rotor component has P poles.
2. The motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, 3. The motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, 110mm 2 ≤S≤190mm 2 。 4. The motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, 40mm≤R1≤70mm; and / or, 24mm≤R2≤35mm.
5. The motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the stator lamination is t. And / or, the outer contour of the stator yoke is either circular or irregular.
6. The motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor component includes a rotor core with multiple mounting slots distributed circumferentially thereon for fixing permanent magnets. The permanent magnet includes at least one magnet with a total length L1 and a width L2.
7. The motor as described in claim 6, characterized in that, 8. The motor as described in claim 6, characterized in that, 14mm≤L1≤23mm; and / or, 1.1mm≤L2≤1.8mm.
9. The motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, 15≤Q≤18; and / or, 10≤P≤12.
10. The motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of stator slots Q, the number of poles p of the rotor component, and the number of motor phases m satisfy the following condition: 0 < Q / mP < 1.
11. A compressor, characterized in that, Includes the motor as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.
12. A refrigeration device, characterized in that, Includes the compressor as described in claim 11.