High-precision anti-vibration deformation-reduction dynamic compensation center device and using method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of machining. In order to solve the problems that an existing center is poor in rigidity, limited in precision and incapable of achieving ultrasonic rolling work, the invention provides a high-precision anti-vibration deformation-reduction dynamic compensation center device and a using method. The device comprises a control mechanism, an axial supporting mechanism, a radial supporting mechanism, a first detection mechanism, a telescopic cylinder, a clamping mechanism, a second detection mechanism, a third driving part and a fourth driving part, the axial supporting mechanism comprises a center body, a telescopic assembly and a first driving part, and the radial supporting mechanism comprises a radial supporting arm, a plurality of multi-stage telescopic columns and a second driving part. The center body provides axial supporting force for a workpiece, the multi-stage telescopic column provides radial supporting force for the parallel section of the workpiece, the telescopic cylinder is used for positioning the workpiece clamping section, and the clamping mechanism is used for clamping the workpiece clamping section. According to the device, the positioning precision of the device is improved through dynamic compensation, the cantilever length of a workpiece is shortened through radial two-stage supporting of the workpiece, and the rigidity of the workpiece is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of machining technology, and in particular relates to a high-precision anti-vibration and deformation reduction dynamic compensation center device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In turning, centers are commonly used. Centers are divided into fixed centers (dead centers) and rotating centers (live centers). Fixed centers are mounted on the tailstock of the lathe and cooperate with the chuck or dial at the end of the lathe spindle. They fix and support the workpiece without rotating parts, have high rigidity, and good positioning accuracy. Rotary centers have an internal bearing structure and can rotate with the workpiece, reducing friction and heat generation. They are suitable for high-speed, high-cut roughing or long shaft parts, used to reduce friction between the workpiece and the center and avoid thermal deformation.

[0003] While centering can improve the positioning accuracy and stability of workpieces in turning, it also has some disadvantages and limitations, as follows: 1. Disadvantages of fixed centering: (1) High friction and easy to generate heat. 1) Since the centering point and the workpiece center hole are in rigid contact, high-speed rotation will generate large friction, resulting in heat generation; 2) It may burn the workpiece center hole or the centering point cone surface, affecting the positioning accuracy; 3) It needs to be lubricated regularly (such as grease, molybdenum disulfide), but frequent shutdowns affect efficiency. (2) Not suitable for high-speed machining. 1) At high speeds (such as >1000rpm), frictional heat accumulates quickly, which may cause the workpiece to expand and deform, affecting dimensional accuracy; 2) It is more suitable for low-speed finishing (such as grinding, precision turning). (3) The workpiece driving method is limited. The fixed centering point itself does not rotate, and it needs to be used with a dial + chuck or a chuck + drive centering point to transmit torque, which is more troublesome to clamp. 2. Disadvantages of rotating centering: (1) Poor rigidity and limited accuracy. 1) Due to the internal bearing structure, it may produce slight deformation or vibration under large cutting forces, affecting machining accuracy; 2) It is suitable for roughing or medium precision requirements, but not suitable for ultra-precision turning. (2) Bearing wear leads to runout error. 1) After long-term use, bearing wear will increase radial runout (e.g., from 0.01mm→0.05mm), requiring regular replacement or maintenance; 2) Select high-precision bearing centers, but the cost is high. (3) It is not suitable for extremely heavy cutting. During large feed and large depth of cut machining, the bearing of the live center may be damaged due to overload, or even jammed.

[0004] Ultrasonic rolling (USRP) is a surface strengthening technology that combines ultrasonic vibration with static rolling. Through the synergistic effect of high-frequency impact (15~40kHz) and static pressure (50~500N), it induces plastic deformation in the metal surface, forming a nanocrystalline structure and residual compressive stress (-500~-1000MPa). This improves surface hardness (20%~50%), reduces roughness (Ra down to below 0.2μm), and enhances fatigue life (30%~200%). Compared to traditional rolling, it produces a deeper reinforced layer (0.1~0.5mm) and is more efficient, making it suitable for high-precision components in aerospace, automotive, and other industries. However, it has higher equipment costs and requires strict parameter control.

[0005] When workpieces designed according to national standards are rolled on a lathe, the shortcomings of poor rigidity and limited accuracy of the rotating center are further amplified. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a high-precision anti-vibration and deformation reduction dynamic compensation center device to meet the high-precision and high-efficiency processing requirements in turning and ultrasonic rolling. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a high-precision vibration-damping and deformation-reducing dynamic compensation tip device with high accuracy and rigidity, as well as a method for using it.

[0007] The first aspect of this invention provides a high-precision vibration-resistant and deformation-reducing dynamic compensation center device, comprising: Control mechanism; The support system includes an axial support mechanism, a radial support mechanism, and a first detection mechanism. The axial support mechanism includes a center body, a telescopic assembly, and a first drive component. The radial support mechanism includes a radial support arm, several multi-stage telescopic columns, and a second drive component. One end of the telescopic assembly is connected to the lathe spindle, and the other end is connected to one end of the center body. The other end of the center body abuts against the axis of the workpiece. The first drive component is located inside the telescopic assembly. The center body passes through the bottom of the radial support arm and extends into the radial support arm. Several multi-stage telescopic columns are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the radial support arm, and the movement direction of the multi-stage telescopic columns is parallel to the radial direction of the workpiece. The second drive component is located inside the multi-stage telescopic columns. The first detection mechanism is used to detect the pressure of the workpiece on the center body and the first multi-stage telescopic columns. The control mechanism is used to receive the signal from the first detection mechanism and control the first drive component and the second drive component to move sequentially, so as to drive the center body and the multi-stage telescopic columns to move sequentially. The center body provides axial support force for the workpiece. The workpiece includes a workpiece parallel section and a workpiece clamping section. The multi-stage telescopic columns provide radial support force for the workpiece parallel section. The clamping system includes a telescopic cylinder, a clamping mechanism, a second detection mechanism, a third drive component, and a fourth drive component. The telescopic cylinder is positioned between the center body and the radial support arm. The third drive component is positioned at the end of the telescopic cylinder furthest from the workpiece. The clamping mechanism is evenly distributed on the inner wall of the telescopic cylinder and is a telescopic structure. The fourth drive component is located within the clamping mechanism. The second detection mechanism is used to detect the positions of the telescopic cylinder and the clamping mechanism. The control mechanism is also used to receive signals from the second detection mechanism and control the third and fourth drive components to move sequentially, thereby driving the telescopic cylinder and the clamping mechanism to move sequentially. The telescopic cylinder is used to position the workpiece clamping section, and the clamping mechanism is used to clamp the workpiece clamping section.

[0008] Optionally, the telescopic assembly includes a sleeve, a telescopic rod, and a connector connected in sequence. The end of the center body away from the workpiece axis is connected to the sleeve, and the sleeve has a space to accommodate the center body. The end of the connector away from the telescopic rod is connected to the lathe spindle, and the outer surface of the connector is a conical surface that mates with the inner conical surface of the lathe spindle. The first driving component is disposed in the telescopic rod. The first driving component drives the telescopic rod to move along the axial direction of the workpiece, thereby driving the tip body to move along the axial direction of the workpiece.

[0009] Optionally, a plurality of first sensors are evenly arranged at one end of the sleeve near the telescopic rod. The first sensors are used to detect the distance from the end of the sleeve near the telescopic rod to the lathe spindle.

[0010] Optionally, the radial support arm is a telescopic structure, and the radial support arm is semi-circular in shape; The radial support mechanism also includes a balancer, which is semi-circular in shape, and the center of the balancer coincides with the center of the radial support arm on the same horizontal cross section; the height of the balancer is less than the height of the radial support arm, and the weight of the balancer is the same as the weight of the radial support arm.

[0011] Optionally, the radial support mechanism further includes a fifth drive member and a fifth sensor. The fifth drive member is located at the end of the radial support arm away from the workpiece and is annular. The fifth sensor is located at the end of the radial support arm away from the telescopic assembly and is used to detect the axial length of the radial support arm. The axial length of the radial support arm is the axial distance from the end of the radial support arm away from the telescopic assembly to the upper surface of the fifth drive member.

[0012] Optionally, the first detection mechanism includes a second sensor and a sixth sensor; The second sensor is located at the tip of the top body and is used to detect the pressure of the workpiece on the top body. The sixth sensor is installed inside the multi-stage telescopic column and is used to detect the pressure of the workpiece on the multi-stage telescopic column.

[0013] Optionally, a first ball is provided inside the tip of the top body, a second sensor is provided at the bottom of the first ball, and a third ball is provided at the end of the multi-stage telescopic column near the workpiece.

[0014] Optionally, the second detection mechanism includes a third sensor and a fourth sensor; The third sensor is located at the end of the telescopic cylinder closest to the workpiece. The third sensor is used to detect the axial length of the telescopic cylinder, which is the axial distance from the end of the telescopic cylinder closest to the workpiece to the other end of the telescopic cylinder. The fourth sensor is located at the end of the clamping mechanism closest to the workpiece. The fourth sensor is used to detect the radial distance from the end of the clamping mechanism closest to the workpiece to the surface of the workpiece clamping section.

[0015] Optionally, the clamping mechanism includes a fixing member, a first-stage telescopic member and a second-stage telescopic member connected in sequence, a fourth driving member disposed in the fixing member, a fourth sensor disposed on the side of the second-stage telescopic member close to the workpiece, and a second ball bearing disposed on the side of the second-stage telescopic member close to the workpiece. The inner wall of the telescopic cylinder has a groove at the position corresponding to the clamping mechanism, and the shape of the groove is the same as the shape of the second-stage telescopic component, so that the clamping mechanism can be completely retracted into the groove.

[0016] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for using a high-precision vibration-damping and deformation-reducing dynamic compensation center device, which is based on any one of the above-described high-precision vibration-damping and deformation-reducing dynamic compensation center devices, and includes the following steps: The first drive unit is activated, which drives the top body to move toward the workpiece along the axial direction of the workpiece until the signal collected by the second sensor reaches the preset value. Then the control mechanism controls the first drive unit to stop. When the first driving component stops, the control mechanism controls the third driving component to start. The third driving component drives the telescopic cylinder to move along the axial direction of the workpiece. When the signal collected by the third sensor reaches the preset value, the control mechanism controls the third driving component to stop. When the third driving component stops, the control mechanism controls the fourth driving component to start. The fourth driving component drives the clamping mechanism to move along the radial direction of the workpiece. When the signal collected by the fourth sensor reaches the preset value, the control mechanism controls the fourth driving component to stop. When the fourth driving component stops, the control mechanism controls the fifth driving component to start. The fifth driving component drives the radial support arm to move along the axial direction of the workpiece. When the signal collected by the fifth sensor reaches the preset value, the control mechanism controls the fifth driving component to stop. After the fifth driving component stops, the second driving component is activated. The second driving component drives the multi-stage telescopic column to move toward the workpiece along the radial direction of the workpiece until the signal collected by the sixth sensor reaches the preset value. Then, the control mechanism controls the second driving component to stop.

[0017] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: This invention provides a high-precision anti-vibration and deformation-reducing dynamic compensation center device and its usage method. This device, by setting an axial support mechanism, allows the axial clamping force of the center body to be monitored in real time by a first detection mechanism. Based on the comparison between the actual pressure and a preset value, the axial clamping force can be adjusted in real time to maintain a constant axial clamping force. Dynamic compensation eliminates axial positioning errors caused by thermal deformation or loosening, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the device. The device also includes a radial support mechanism and a clamping system. The radial support mechanism provides radial support to the parallel section of the workpiece through multi-stage telescopic columns, while the clamping system provides radial clamping to the clamping section of the workpiece. This achieves two-stage radial support for the workpiece, shortening the cantilever length of the workpiece, increasing its rigidity, and reducing vibration. In other words, this device provides a stable and highly rigid rotary support environment, enabling workpieces processed using this device to undergo ultrasonic rolling. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-precision vibration-resistant and deformation-reducing dynamic compensation top device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of a high-precision vibration-resistant and deformation-reducing dynamic compensation tip device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-precision anti-vibration and deformation reduction dynamic compensation top device supporting and clamping a workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top body described in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Sectional view along line AA; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the top body and telescopic component according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the telescopic component described in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the clamping system and telescopic component according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping system described in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping system described in an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism described in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the radial support mechanism described in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the radial support mechanism described in an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-stage telescopic column according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a side view of the multi-stage telescopic column described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] The components include: 1. Control mechanism; 2. Top body; 3. First drive component; 4. Radial support arm; 5. Multi-stage telescopic column; 6. Second drive component; 7. Workpiece; 71. Workpiece parallel section; 72. Workpiece clamping section; 8. Telescopic cylinder; 9. Third drive component; 10. Fourth drive component; 11. Sleeve; 12. Telescopic rod; 13. Connector; 14. Balancing component; 15. Fifth drive component; 16. Fifth sensor; 17. Second sensor; 18. Sixth sensor; 19. First ball bearing; 20. Third sensor; 21. Fourth sensor; 22. Fixing component; 23. First-stage telescopic component; 24. Second-stage telescopic component; 25. Second ball bearing; 26. Groove; 27. First sensor; 28. Third ball bearing; 29. ​​Fixed base. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the solutions of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other.

[0023] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention, but the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments.

[0024] This embodiment provides a high-precision vibration-resistant and deformation-reducing dynamic compensation center device and its usage method, refer to... Figure 1 As shown, this device includes a control mechanism 1, a support system, and a clamping system.

[0025] The support system includes an axial support mechanism, a radial support mechanism, and a first detection mechanism. The axial support mechanism includes a top body 2, a telescopic assembly, and a first drive component 3. The radial support mechanism includes a radial support arm 4, several multi-stage telescopic columns 5, and a second drive component 6. The clamping system includes a telescopic cylinder 8, a clamping mechanism, a second detection mechanism, a third drive component 9, and a fourth drive component 10.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the telescopic assembly includes a sleeve 11, a telescopic rod 12, and a connector 13 connected in sequence. The sleeve 11 resembles a lathe sleeve, and the connector 13 resembles the end of the center body 2. The end of the center body 2 away from the axis of the workpiece 7 is connected to the sleeve 11, and the other end of the center body 2 abuts against the workpiece 7. The sleeve 11 has a space inside to accommodate the center body 2. The end of the connector 13 away from the telescopic rod 12 is connected to the lathe spindle. The outer surface of the connector 13 is a conical surface that mates with the inner conical surface of the lathe spindle. A first driving member 3 is disposed in the telescopic rod 12, and a control mechanism 1 is disposed below the first driving member 3. The first driving member 3 drives the telescopic rod 12 to move along the axial direction of the workpiece 7, thereby causing the center body 2 to move along the axial direction of the workpiece 7. Specifically... The first driving component 3 adopts a servo electric cylinder drive structure. When the control mechanism 1 issues a displacement command, the servo motor starts and outputs rotational power. After passing through the reduction mechanism, it drives the ball screw to rotate. Since the ball transmission structure is used between the screw and the nut, the rotational motion is smoothly converted into linear motion, thereby driving the telescopic rod 12 connected to the nut end to make a precise linear telescopic motion along the axial direction of the workpiece 7. The telescopic component realizes the connection of this device to the lathe spindle, so that the lathe spindle is not directly connected to the center body 2, increasing the distance between the lathe spindle and the center body 2, achieving the effect of extending the center body 2. Moreover, the telescopic component can control the center body 2 to move along the axial direction of the workpiece 7, so that this device can be used for various types of workpieces 7.

[0027] The workpiece 7 includes a workpiece parallel section 71 and a workpiece clamping section 72. The workpiece clamping section 72 refers to the part of the workpiece 7 that is fixed by the fixture, which is used to ensure that the workpiece 7 remains stable during processing or testing. The workpiece parallel section 71 refers to the part of the workpiece 7 that is parallel to the two workpiece clamping sections 72.

[0028] Continue to refer to Figure 6As shown, a plurality of first sensors 27 are evenly arranged at one end of the sleeve 11 near the telescopic rod 12. In this embodiment, two first sensors 27 are provided. The two first sensors 27 are symmetrically arranged along the longitudinal center line of the sleeve 11. Both first sensors 27 are used to detect the distance from the end of the sleeve 11 near the telescopic rod 12 to the lathe spindle. By comparing the signals collected by the two first sensors 27, the position of the device can be manually adjusted to ensure that the device is installed horizontally and maintains dynamic balance during movement. Specifically, the first sensor 27 adopts the Keyence-IL-600 laser displacement sensor. This laser displacement sensor is a compact laser displacement sensor with strong anti-environment interference capability and is suitable for distance measurement on metal surfaces.

[0029] Reference Figure 2 As shown, in the initial state, the radial support arm 4 and the telescopic cylinder 8 are flush with the junction of the tip of the top body 2 and the smooth section on the side closest to the workpiece 7, thereby ensuring that the tip of the top body 2 abuts against the workpiece 7.

[0030] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the tip of the center body 2 provided in this embodiment is provided with a first ball bearing 19. The first detection mechanism includes a second sensor 17, which is disposed at the bottom of the first ball bearing 19. The first ball bearing 19 provided in this embodiment makes the center hole of the workpiece 7 contact the outer surface of the first ball bearing 19. The first ball bearing 19 itself can roll within its seat ring, thereby converting the sliding friction between the workpiece 7 and the center body 2 into rolling friction, reducing wear, increasing the rotational speed, and extending the service life. At the same time, the first ball bearing 19 absorbs the rotation of the workpiece 7 and transmits the force to the second sensor 17, avoiding the rotating workpiece 7 directly transmitting torque and vibration to the second sensor 17, which would damage the second sensor 17 and generate a lot of noise, making it unable to accurately reflect the axial pressure. The second sensor 17 is used to detect the pressure of the workpiece 7 on the center body 2. Specifically, the second sensor 17 adopts a Kistler-9257B piezoelectric force sensor, which is a small piezoelectric / The strain composite force sensor can measure triaxial forces. After installing this center device on the machine tool, the first drive component 3 is activated. The first drive component 3 drives the center body 2 to move towards the workpiece 7 along the axial direction of the workpiece 7 until the signal collected by the second sensor 17 reaches a preset value. This preset value is the minimum pressure at which the workpiece 7 is reliably clamped by the center body 2. The control mechanism 1 then controls the first drive component 3 to stop. When the center body 2 is performing turning operations, if the pressure of the workpiece 7 on the center body 2 is less than the preset value, the first drive component 3 is activated. The first drive component 3 drives the telescopic rod 12 to extend. The telescopic rod 12 drives the center body 2 to move towards the workpiece 7 along the axial direction of the workpiece 7. Alternatively, if the pressure of the workpiece 7 on the center body 2 is greater than the preset value, the first drive component 3 is activated. The first drive component 3 drives the telescopic rod 12 to retract. The telescopic rod 12 drives the center body 2 to move away from the workpiece 7 along the axial direction of the workpiece 7 until the signal collected by the second sensor 17 reaches the preset value. The control mechanism 1 then receives the signal from the second sensor 17 and controls the first drive component 3 to stop.

[0031] Reference Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the telescopic cylinder 8 is positioned between the tip body 2 and the radial support arm 4. The third drive component 9 is positioned at the end of the telescopic cylinder 8 furthest from the workpiece 7. The second detection mechanism includes a third sensor 20, which is positioned at the end of the telescopic cylinder 8 closest to the workpiece 7. The third sensor 20 is used to detect the axial length of the telescopic cylinder 8, which is the axial distance from the end of the telescopic cylinder 8 closest to the workpiece 7 to the other end of the telescopic cylinder 8. Specifically, the third sensor 20 uses a Keyence-IL-100 laser displacement sensor. The sensor is a compact laser displacement sensor with strong anti-environment interference capability, suitable for distance measurement on metal surfaces. A reflector is installed at the other end of the telescopic cylinder 8 corresponding to the position of the third sensor 20. The laser emitted by the third sensor 20 can pass through the interior of the telescopic cylinder 8 to reach the reflector and be reflected back to the third sensor 20, thereby measuring the total length of the telescopic cylinder 8 after it extends or retracts. When the first driving component 3 stops, i.e., the tip body 2 presses against the center hole of the workpiece 7, the control mechanism 1 controls the third driving component 9 to start. The third driving component 9 drives the telescopic cylinder 8 to move along the axial direction of the workpiece 7. Specifically, refer to... Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the third driving component 9 uses a ring-shaped hydraulic cylinder. The ring-shaped hydraulic cylinder has an annular cavity inside to hold hydraulic oil and provide space for piston movement. Several pistons and piston rods are evenly distributed within the annular cavity. The pistons are rigidly connected to the inner wall of the telescopic cylinder 8 using an annular flange. The ring-shaped hydraulic cylinder drives the piston movement through the inflow and outflow of hydraulic oil, thereby causing the telescopic cylinder 8 to move linearly along the axial direction of the workpiece 7. When the signal collected by the third sensor 20 reaches a preset value, this preset value is that the axial length of the telescopic cylinder 8 is equal to the axial distance from the end of the workpiece clamping section 72 near the workpiece parallel section 71 to the bottom of the telescopic cylinder 8. This workpiece clamping section 72 is close to the top body 2, meaning the end of the telescopic cylinder 8 near the workpiece 7 has reached directly above the part to be supported. At this time, the control mechanism 1 controls the third driving component 9 to stop, meaning the telescopic cylinder 8 completely covers the workpiece clamping section 72. At this point, the support point is determined to be located at the cantilever position where the workpiece 7 needs support. (Refer to...) Figure 8 and Figure 11 As shown, the clamping mechanism is evenly arranged on the inner wall of the telescopic cylinder 8, and the clamping mechanism is a telescopic structure. The clamping mechanism includes a fixed member 22, a first-stage telescopic member 23, and a second-stage telescopic member 24 connected in sequence. The fourth driving member 10 is disposed in the fixed member 22, and a second ball bearing 25 is also provided on the side of the second-stage telescopic member 24 near the workpiece 7. The second ball bearing 25 converts the sliding friction between the workpiece 7 and the side of the second-stage telescopic member 24 near the workpiece 7 into rolling friction, ensuring that the workpiece 7 can rotate freely while being subjected to radial support force. (Refer to...) Figure 9As shown, a groove 26 is provided on the inner wall of the telescopic cylinder 8 at the position corresponding to the clamping mechanism, and the shape of the groove 26 is the same as the shape of the second-stage telescopic member 24. The clamping mechanism can be fully retracted into the groove 26, so that the rotation of the workpiece 7 and the feed movement of the tip body 2 are not affected when the clamping mechanism is in the fully retracted state. The second detection mechanism also includes a fourth sensor 21, which is located on the side of the second-stage telescopic member 24 near the workpiece 7. The fourth sensor 21 is used to detect the radial distance from the end of the clamping mechanism near the workpiece 7 to the surface of the workpiece clamping section 72. Specifically, the fourth sensor 21 adopts a Keyence-IL-100 laser displacement sensor. This laser displacement sensor is a compact laser displacement sensor with strong anti-environment interference capability and is suitable for distance measurement on metal surfaces. When the third driving member 9 stops, the control mechanism 1 controls the fourth driving member 10 to start. The fourth driving component 10 drives the clamping mechanism to move along the radial direction of the workpiece 7. Specifically, the fourth driving component 10 adopts a servo electric cylinder drive structure. When the control mechanism 1 issues an action command, the servo motor starts and drives the ball screw to rotate through the reduction mechanism. The rotational motion of the screw is converted into linear displacement through the nut transmission, thereby driving the clamping mechanism connected to the end of the nut to move along the radial direction of the workpiece 7. When the signal collected by the fourth sensor 21 reaches the preset value, the preset value is that the radial distance from the end of the clamping mechanism near the workpiece 7 to the surface of the workpiece clamping section 72 is 0, that is, the second ball 25 abuts against and presses against the surface of the workpiece clamping section 72. At this time, the clamping mechanism achieves the clamping of the workpiece 7 in the radial direction. The control mechanism 1 controls the fourth driving component 10 to stop, and the clamping mechanism clamps the workpiece clamping section 72, thereby reducing the length of the cantilever end of the workpiece 7 and improving the rigidity of the workpiece 7.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the top body 2 penetrates the bottom of the radial support arm 4 and extends into the radial support arm 4, as shown in the figure. Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, the radial support arm 4 is a telescopic structure and is semi-circular in shape, thus providing a rolling path for the tool. Simultaneously, the radial support mechanism also includes a balancer 14, which is also semi-circular in shape. On the same horizontal cross-section, the center of the balancer 14 coincides with the center of the radial support arm 4. The height of the balancer 14 is less than the height of the radial support arm 4, avoiding interference with the workpiece 7 clamping process and the tool feed motion. Furthermore, the weight of the balancer 14 is the same as the weight of the radial support arm 4. By offsetting the asymmetrical weight of the radial support arm 4, the balancer 14 reduces the risk of vibration in the workpiece 7 and helps maintain the smooth operation of the radial support mechanism during the operation of the multi-stage telescopic column 5. The radial support mechanism also includes a fifth drive member 15 and a fifth sensor 16. The fifth drive member 15 is located at the end of the radial support arm 4 away from the workpiece 7 and is annular. The fifth sensor 16 is located at the end of the radial support arm 4 away from the telescopic assembly, and the center of the fifth drive member 15 coincides with that of the third drive member 9. The third drive member 9 is located within the inner ring of the fifth drive member 15. A fixed base 29 is fitted around the outer ring of the fifth drive member 15. The top of the fixed base 29 is on the same horizontal plane as the upper surfaces of the third drive member 9 and the fifth drive member 15. The fifth sensor 16 is used to detect the axial length of the radial support arm 4, which is the distance from the workpiece 7 to the radial support arm 4. The axial distance from one end of the telescopic assembly to the upper surface of the fifth drive member 15 is specifically measured by the fifth sensor 16, which is a Keyence-IL-600 laser displacement sensor. This laser displacement sensor is a compact laser displacement sensor with strong anti-interference capabilities and is suitable for distance measurement on metal surfaces. A reflector is set on the horizontal plane corresponding to the position of the fifth sensor 16 on the upper surface of the fifth drive member 15. The laser emitted by the fifth sensor 16 can pass through the interior of the radial support arm 4 to reach the reflector and be reflected back to the fifth sensor 16, thereby measuring the total length of the radial support arm 4 after it is extended or retracted. When the fourth drive member 10 stops, the workpiece 7 is at this time... The workpiece 7 is clamped, and control mechanism 1 activates the fifth drive component 15. The fifth drive component 15 drives the radial support arm 4 to move along the axial direction of the workpiece 7. Specifically, the fifth drive component 15 is an annular hydraulic cylinder. The annular hydraulic cylinder has an annular cavity to hold hydraulic oil and provide space for piston movement. Several pistons and piston rods are evenly distributed within the annular cavity corresponding to the position of the radial support arm 4. The pistons are rigidly connected to the inner wall of the radial support arm 4 using an annular flange. The annular hydraulic cylinder drives the piston movement through the inflow and outflow of hydraulic oil, thereby causing the radial support arm 4 to move linearly along the axial direction of the workpiece 7. When the signal collected by the fifth sensor 16 reaches a preset value, [the following is a reference to a specific function / mechanism]... Figure 3As shown, this preset value is the distance from the bottom of the radial support arm 4 to the point where the workpiece parallel section 71 is close to two-thirds of the length of the workpiece parallel section 71 near the balance member 14. That is, the length of the radial support arm 4 just covers two-thirds of the length of the workpiece parallel section 71. The control mechanism 1 receives the signal from the fifth sensor 16 and controls the fifth drive member 15 to stop.

[0033] Reference Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, several multi-stage telescopic columns 5 are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the radial support arm 4, and the movement direction of the multi-stage telescopic columns 5 is parallel to the radial direction of the workpiece 7. The second driving member 6 is arranged inside the multi-stage telescopic columns 5. A third ball bearing 28 is arranged at the end of the multi-stage telescopic column 5 near the workpiece 7. The third ball bearing 28 converts the sliding friction between the multi-stage telescopic column 5 and the surface of the workpiece 7 into rolling friction, thereby reducing frictional resistance and allowing the workpiece 7 to rotate smoothly while bearing the radial support force. The sixth sensor 18 is arranged inside the multi-stage telescopic column 5. The sixth sensor 18 is used to detect the pressure of the workpiece 7 on the multi-stage telescopic column 5. Specifically, the sixth sensor 18 adopts a Kistler-9257B piezoelectric force sensor. This piezoelectric force sensor is a small piezoelectric / strain composite force sensor that can measure triaxial force. When the fifth driving member 15 stops, the second driving member 6 is started. The second driving member 6 drives the multi-stage telescopic column 5 to move towards the workpiece 7 along the radial direction of the workpiece 7 until the signal collected by the sixth sensor 18 reaches the preset value. The control mechanism 1 controls the second driving component 6 to stop. This preset value is the minimum radial support force required for the workpiece 7 to stabilize. When the center body 2 is performing turning, and the pressure of the workpiece 7 on the multi-stage telescopic column 5 is less than the preset value, the control mechanism 1 controls the second driving component 6 to start. The second driving component 6 drives the multi-stage telescopic column 5 to move towards the workpiece 7 in the radial direction. Or, when the pressure of the workpiece 7 on the multi-stage telescopic column 5 is greater than the preset value, the second driving component 6 drives the multi-stage telescopic column 5 to move away from the workpiece 7 in the radial direction. This continues until the signal collected by the sixth sensor 18 reaches the preset value. At this point, the control mechanism 1 receives the signal from the sixth sensor 18 and controls the second driving component 6 to stop. Specifically, the second driving component 6 adopts a motor-ball screw linear drive mechanism. When the control mechanism 1 issues an action command, the servo motor starts and drives the ball screw to rotate through the reduction mechanism. The ball transmission between the screw and the nut converts the rotational motion into a high-precision linear displacement, thereby driving the multi-stage telescopic column 5 to extend or retract smoothly in the radial direction of the workpiece 7.

[0034] After the rolling of workpiece 7 is completed, the device shall be removed, including the following steps: The control mechanism 1 controls the second drive component 6 to drive the multi-stage telescopic column 5 to retract until the radial distance from the end of the multi-stage telescopic column 5 close to the workpiece 7 to the end of the telescopic cylinder 8 away from the workpiece 7 is 5cm. The control mechanism 1 controls the fifth drive component 15 to drive the radial support arm 4 to retract along the axial direction of the workpiece 7 until the side of the radial support arm 4 close to the workpiece 7 is flush with the junction of the tip of the top body 2 and the smooth section. The control mechanism 1 controls the fourth driving component 10 to drive the clamping mechanism to retract along the radial direction of the workpiece 7 until the radial distance from the end of the clamping mechanism near the workpiece 7 to the inner wall of the telescopic cylinder 8 is 5cm. Of course, the clamping mechanism can also retract completely into the groove 26. The control mechanism 1 controls the third drive component 9 to drive the telescopic cylinder 8 to retract along the axial direction of the workpiece 7 until the side of the telescopic cylinder 8 close to the workpiece 7 is flush with the junction of the tip of the top body 2 and the smooth section. The control mechanism 1 controls the first driving component 3 to drive the telescopic rod 12 to retract until the workpiece 7 can be removed. Disconnect connector 13 from the lathe and disconnect sleeve 11 from center body 2 to complete the dismantling of the device.

[0035] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0036] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the invention herein.

Claims

1. A high-precision vibration-resistant and deformation-reducing dynamic compensation tip device, characterized in that, include: Control mechanism (1); The support system includes an axial support mechanism, a radial support mechanism, and a first detection mechanism. The axial support mechanism includes a center body (2), a telescopic assembly, and a first drive component (3). The radial support mechanism includes a radial support arm (4), several multi-stage telescopic columns (5), and a second drive component (6). One end of the telescopic assembly is connected to the lathe spindle, and the other end of the telescopic assembly is connected to one end of the center body (2). The other end of the center body (2) abuts against the axial center of the workpiece (7). The first drive component (3) is located inside the telescopic assembly. The center body (2) penetrates the bottom of the radial support arm (4) and extends into the radial support arm (4). Several multi-stage telescopic columns (5) are evenly arranged in the radial support arm (4). On the inner wall, and the movement direction of the multi-stage telescopic column (5) is parallel to the radial direction of the workpiece (7), the second drive member (6) is set inside the multi-stage telescopic column (5), the first detection mechanism is used to detect the pressure of the workpiece (7) on the top body (2) and the first multi-stage telescopic column (5), the control mechanism (1) is used to receive the signal of the first detection mechanism and control the first drive member (3) and the second drive member (6) to move in sequence, so as to drive the top body (2) and the multi-stage telescopic column (5) to move in sequence, the top body (2) provides axial support force for the workpiece (7), the workpiece (7) includes a workpiece parallel section (71) and a workpiece clamping section (72), and the multi-stage telescopic column (5) provides radial support force for the workpiece parallel section (71); The clamping system includes a telescopic cylinder (8), a clamping mechanism, a second detection mechanism, a third drive member (9), and a fourth drive member (10). The telescopic cylinder (8) is located between the top body (2) and the radial support arm (4). The third drive member (9) is located at the end of the telescopic cylinder (8) away from the workpiece (7). The clamping mechanism is evenly arranged on the inner wall of the telescopic cylinder (8) and is a telescopic structure. The fourth drive member (10) is located inside the clamping mechanism. The second detection mechanism is used to detect the position of the telescopic cylinder (8) and the clamping mechanism. The control mechanism (1) is also used to receive the signal from the second detection mechanism and control the third drive member (9) and the fourth drive member (10) to move sequentially, so as to drive the telescopic cylinder (8) and the clamping mechanism to move sequentially. The telescopic cylinder (8) is used to position the workpiece clamping section (72), and the clamping mechanism is used to clamp the workpiece clamping section (72).

2. The high-precision vibration-resistant and deformation-reducing dynamic compensation center device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic assembly includes a sleeve (11), a telescopic rod (12), and a connector (13) connected in sequence. The end of the tip body (2) away from the axis of the workpiece (7) is connected to the sleeve (11), and the sleeve (11) has a space to accommodate the tip body (2). The end of the connector (13) away from the telescopic rod (12) is connected to the lathe spindle. The outer surface of the connector (13) is a conical surface that mates with the inner conical surface of the lathe spindle. The first driving member (3) is disposed in the telescopic rod (12). The first driving member (3) drives the telescopic rod (12) to move along the axial direction of the workpiece (7) so as to drive the tip body (2) to move along the axial direction of the workpiece (7).

3. The high-precision vibration-resistant and deformation-reducing dynamic compensation center device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Several first sensors (27) are evenly arranged at one end of the sleeve (11) near the telescopic rod (12). The first sensors (27) are used to detect the distance from the end of the sleeve (11) near the telescopic rod (12) to the lathe spindle.

4. The high-precision vibration-resistant and deformation-reducing dynamic compensation center device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The radial support arm (4) is a telescopic structure, and the radial support arm (4) is semi-circular; The radial support mechanism also includes a balancer (14), which is semi-circular in shape, and the center of the balancer (14) coincides with the center of the radial support arm (4) on the same horizontal cross section; the height of the balancer (14) is less than the height of the radial support arm (4), and the weight of the balancer (14) is the same as the weight of the radial support arm (4).

5. The high-precision vibration-resistant and deformation-reducing dynamic compensation center device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The radial support mechanism also includes a fifth drive member (15) and a fifth sensor (16). The fifth drive member (15) is located at the end of the radial support arm (4) away from the workpiece (7). The fifth drive member (15) is in the shape of a ring. The fifth sensor (16) is located at the end of the radial support arm (4) away from the telescopic assembly. The fifth sensor (16) is used to detect the axial length of the radial support arm (4). The axial length of the radial support arm (4) is the axial distance from the end of the radial support arm (4) away from the telescopic assembly to the upper surface of the fifth drive member (15).

6. The high-precision vibration-resistant and deformation-reducing dynamic compensation center device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first detection mechanism includes a second sensor (17) and a sixth sensor (18). The second sensor (17) is located at the tip of the tip body (2) and is used to detect the pressure of the workpiece (7) on the tip body (2); The sixth sensor (18) is installed inside the multi-stage telescopic column (5). The sixth sensor (18) is used to detect the pressure of the workpiece (7) on the multi-stage telescopic column (5).

7. The high-precision vibration-resistant and deformation-reducing dynamic compensation center device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A first ball (19) is provided inside the tip of the top body (2), and a second sensor (17) is provided at the bottom of the first ball (19); The multi-stage telescopic column (5) is provided with a third ball bearing (28) at one end near the workpiece (7).

8. The high-precision vibration-resistant and deformation-reducing dynamic compensation center device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second detection mechanism includes a third sensor (20) and a fourth sensor (21). The third sensor (20) is located at one end of the telescopic cylinder (8) near the workpiece (7). The third sensor (20) is used to detect the axial length of the telescopic cylinder (8). The axial length of the telescopic cylinder (8) is the axial distance from one end of the telescopic cylinder (8) near the workpiece (7) to the other end of the telescopic cylinder (8). The fourth sensor (21) is located at one end of the clamping mechanism near the workpiece (7). The fourth sensor (21) is used to detect the radial distance from the end of the clamping mechanism near the workpiece (7) to the surface of the workpiece clamping section (72).

9. A high-precision vibration-resistant and deformation-reducing dynamic compensation center device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism includes a fixed member (22), a first-stage telescopic member (23), and a second-stage telescopic member (24) connected in sequence. A fourth driving member (10) is disposed inside the fixed member (22), and a fourth sensor (21) is disposed on the side of the second-stage telescopic member (24) near the workpiece (7). A second ball bearing (25) is also disposed on the side of the second-stage telescopic member (24) near the workpiece (7). A groove (26) is provided on the inner wall of the telescopic cylinder (8) at the position corresponding to the clamping mechanism, and the shape of the groove (26) is the same as the shape of the second telescopic component (24), so that the clamping mechanism can be completely retracted into the groove (26).

10. A method of using a high-precision vibration-damping and deformation-reducing dynamic compensation center device, based on the high-precision vibration-damping and deformation-reducing dynamic compensation center device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Start the first drive unit (3), which drives the top body (2) to move toward the workpiece (7) along the axial direction of the workpiece (7) until the signal collected by the second sensor (17) reaches the preset value, and the control mechanism (1) controls the first drive unit (3) to stop. When the first driving component (3) stops, the control mechanism (1) controls the third driving component (9) to start. The third driving component (9) drives the telescopic cylinder (8) to move along the axial direction of the workpiece (7). When the signal collected by the third sensor (20) reaches the preset value, the control mechanism (1) controls the third driving component (9) to stop. When the third driving component (9) stops, the control mechanism (1) controls the fourth driving component (10) to start. The fourth driving component (10) drives the clamping mechanism to move along the radial direction of the workpiece (7). When the signal collected by the fourth sensor (21) reaches the preset value, the control mechanism (1) controls the fourth driving component (10) to stop. When the fourth drive unit (10) stops, the control mechanism (1) controls the fifth drive unit (15) to start. The fifth drive unit (15) drives the radial support arm (4) to move along the axial direction of the workpiece (7). When the signal collected by the fifth sensor (16) reaches the preset value, the control mechanism (1) controls the fifth drive unit (15) to stop. When the fifth driving component (15) stops, the second driving component (6) is started. The second driving component (6) drives the multi-stage telescopic column (5) to move toward the workpiece (7) in the radial direction until the signal collected by the sixth sensor (18) reaches the preset value. Then the control mechanism (1) controls the second driving component (6) to stop.

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