Machining method for uniform distribution characteristics of ring thin-walled parts

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a machining method for uniform distribution characteristics of ring thin-walled workpieces, which comprises the following steps: S1, machining reference and scribing; s2, flatness judgment is conducted, specifically, the limit height size difference of the top face of the machining feature relative to the reference face A in the free state and the clamping state is determined; the clamping state means that the multiple pressing plates are pressed on the areas corresponding to the multiple protruding blocks; the pressing force of the pressing plate is adjusted so that the annular blank can be in a pressed state, and the deformation amount of the top face of each machining feature in the pressed state is determined; s3, selecting a cutter and determining a machining mode: selecting the cutter according to the depth h and the width of the groove, and determining to adopt a layered machining mode or adopt a one-time forming mode to mill the groove; and S4, determining a machining starting point: determining an initial machining position according to the tolerance zone width D of the depth h of the groove to be machined and the machining superposition precision of a machine tool and a cutter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a machining method for uniformly distributed features of ring-shaped thin-walled parts. Background Technology

[0002] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 The diagram shows a structural schematic of a ring-shaped thin-walled part. It is necessary to machine uniformly distributed features on the top surface of the ring-shaped blank, that is, to machine several grooves 101 on the top surface of the ring-shaped blank, with protrusions 102 formed between adjacent grooves 101.

[0003] Because of the thin wall thickness and low rigidity of this ring-shaped thin-walled part, deformation is easily generated during the clamping process, resulting in the product being unable to be machined to the required precision. The magnitude of the clamping preload is positively correlated with the amount of deformation of the thin-walled part. Excessive preload will directly cause the part to deform and be scrapped, while insufficient preload will cause displacement and vibration of the part during machining, resulting in dimensional deviations and tool failure.

[0004] In the prior art, for example, patent application CN113534741A discloses a control method and system for milling thin-walled parts. This method involves acquiring the current operating parameters of the thin-walled part milling process and the basic parameters of the milling equipment; establishing a digital twin model of the milling process based on the basic parameters and the current operating parameters; inputting the current operating parameters into a machining deformation prediction model to obtain the predicted value of the machining deformation of the thin-walled part; and updating the machining parameters of the thin-walled part milling process based on the predicted value of the machining deformation and the digital twin model. Another example is patent application CN104111625A, which discloses an active machining method for clamping deformation of thin-walled irregular parts. This method first optimizes the clamping force of the thin-walled workpiece, then identifies the range of stress points on the workpiece, provides auxiliary support for the workpiece, and finally imports the compensation data into the CNC program.

[0005] However, the aforementioned prior art does not disclose a machining method for the uniformly distributed characteristics of ring-shaped thin-walled parts. How to solve the deformation of ring-shaped thin-walled parts during clamping and machining is an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to propose a machining method for uniformly distributed features in ring-shaped thin-walled parts, aiming to solve the aforementioned technical problems.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a machining method for uniformly distributed features on ring-shaped thin-walled parts, comprising the following steps: S1. Machining reference and scribing: Fine grind the top and bottom surfaces of the annular blank. The bottom surface of the annular blank after fine grinding is recorded as reference surface A. Scribing is performed on the top surface of the annular blank to divide the area corresponding to the protrusion and the area corresponding to the machining feature. Grooves need to be milled at the machining feature. S2. Flatness Judgment: Determine the limit height difference of the top surface of the machining feature relative to the datum surface A in both free and clamped states. , The clamping state refers to the use of multiple pressure plates pressing on the areas corresponding to multiple protrusions; adjusting the clamping force of the pressure plates to bring the annular blank into a clamped state, and determining the deformation of the top surface of each machining feature under the clamped state. ; S3. Selecting tools and determining the machining method: Selecting tools based on the groove depth h and width, and determining whether to use a layered machining method or a one-time forming method to mill the groove; S4. Determine the machining starting point: Based on the tolerance zone width D of the groove depth h to be machined and the superimposed machining accuracy of the machine tool and cutting tool. Determine the initial processing position.

[0008] Preferably, in the free state, the maximum height of the top surface of the measured machining feature relative to the reference surface A is: Minimum height is ,but: ; In the clamped state, the maximum height of the top surface of the measured machining feature relative to the datum plane A is: Minimum height is ,but: ; when > At that time, adjust the clamping force of the pressure plate to make ≤ ,at this time Equal to the adjusted Otherwise, do not adjust. equal .

[0009] Preferably, in step S3: When the groove depth h ≤ 10mm, milling is performed in one step. When the groove depth h > 10 mm, milling is performed using a layered machining method.

[0010] Preferably, when At that time, with It is used as the initial processing location for processing.

[0011] Preferably, when At that time, with the greatest The corresponding processing features are used as the initial position for processing.

[0012] Preferably, when At this time, CNC machine tools are used for automatic measurement to process single feature dimensions, that is, each processing feature is measured and processed individually according to the feature dimensions.

[0013] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) Reduce clamping deformation: By measuring the dimensions of the machined surface in the free state and the clamping state, the deformation amount is calculated, and the clamping method is adjusted according to the deformation amount so that the deformation amount in the clamping state does not exceed the deformation amount in the free state, thereby reducing the impact of clamping on the deformation of the part.

[0014] (2) Improve machining accuracy: Selecting appropriate machining tools and methods based on machining feature dimensions and tolerances can more accurately control the machining process and improve the machining accuracy of parts. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 A flowchart of the processing method provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the ring-shaped thin-walled component in this invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of the ring-shaped thin-walled component in this invention; Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the clamping pressure adjustment at a single point in the clamping of the ring-shaped thin-walled component in this invention. Figure 5 This is a planar clamping diagram of the ring-shaped thin-walled component in this invention; Figure 6 The flatness of the reference plane of the part in its free state; Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the midpoint clamping adjustment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the change in the dimensions of the reference surface in this invention; Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the machining dimensions in this invention.

[0017] The symbols in the attached diagram are explained as follows: 101, groove; 102, bump. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0020] Referring to the accompanying drawings, a machining method for uniformly distributed features on a ring-shaped thin-walled part includes the following steps: S1. Machining reference and scribing: Fine grind the top and bottom surfaces of the annular blank. The bottom surface of the annular blank after fine grinding is recorded as reference surface A. Scribing is performed on the top surface of the annular blank to divide the area corresponding to the protrusion 102 and the area corresponding to the machining feature. The groove 101 needs to be milled at the machining feature.

[0021] S2. Flatness Judgment: Determine the limit height difference of the top surface of the machining feature relative to the datum surface A in both free and clamped states. , The clamping state refers to the use of multiple pressure plates pressing on the areas corresponding to multiple protrusions 102; adjusting the clamping force of the pressure plates to make the annular blank in a clamped state, and determining the deformation of the top surface of each machining feature in the clamped state. ;Specifically: In the free state, the maximum height of the top surface of the measured machining feature relative to the reference plane A is: Minimum height is ,but: ; In the clamped state, the maximum height of the top surface of the measured machining feature relative to the datum plane A is: Minimum height is ,but: ; when > At that time, adjust the clamping force of the pressure plate to make ≤ ,at this time Equal to the adjusted Otherwise, do not adjust. equal .

[0022] S3. Select the cutting tool and determine the machining method: Select the cutting tool according to the depth h and width d of the groove 101, and determine whether to use the layered machining method or the one-time forming method to mill the groove 101. Specifically, when the depth h of the groove 101 is ≤ 10mm, the one-time forming method is used for milling; when the depth h of the groove 101 is > 10mm, the layered machining method is used for milling.

[0023] S4. Determine the machining starting point: Based on the tolerance zone width D of the groove 101 depth h to be machined and the superimposed machining accuracy of the machine tool and cutting tool. Determine the initial processing position. Specifically: when At that time, with It is used as the initial processing location for processing.

[0024] when At that time, with the maximum This location serves as the initial processing position.

[0025] when At this time, CNC machine tools are used for automatic measurement to process single feature dimensions, that is, each processing feature is measured and processed individually according to the feature dimensions.

[0026] Step S2 further includes: S2.1 Analyze the minimum value under clamping conditions. and The distribution pattern is usually linear, but in special cases the size changes irregularly.

[0027] S2.2 Adjusting the deformation under clamping conditions To address the variation patterns under linear conditions, a point-clamping method is used for part clamping. Adjusting the single-point pressure ensures that the flatness of the part meets the requirements.

[0028] S2.3. To address irregular dimensional changes, the entire plane is adjusted to meet the requirements.

[0029] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the annular thin-walled part is a circular part formed by machining 12 evenly distributed grooves 101 on the top surface of an annular blank, and a protrusion 102 is formed between two adjacent grooves 101.

[0030] Combination Figure 6 As shown, before machining the annular blank, the top surface of the machining feature has a limited height dimension relative to the reference plane A due to machining errors during the forming process. =0.05mm, the clamping pressure was adjusted to meet the machining requirements. The flatness of the part machined in this study was good, and the various machining feature points were satisfactory. It exhibits a linear distribution.

[0031] Clamping and adjustment are performed using a point-to-point clamping method, combined with Figure 7 As shown, when processing features , When ΔL approaches its maximum value, reduce the preload at clamping point J and adjust the clamping position. =0.08, with The variation pattern at point / 2, taken as the reference plane (with the Z-coordinate of the reference plane as the reference coordinate), is as follows: Figure 8 As shown. Each processing feature... The distribution is shown in Table 1: Table 1. Various processing features Distribution

[0032] The width dimension of the machining feature is d=8±0.1, and the height dimension is h=4±0.05. The dimensions of the machining feature are the same as the dimensions of the groove 101 to be machined. The machining equipment and cutting tools are shown in Table 2.

[0033] Table 2 Selection of Machining Equipment and Cutting Tools

[0034] The machining dimensional tolerance D for dimension h is 0.1. From the machining dimensional tolerance and ΔL, we can obtain... Therefore, the deformation midpoint and the 4th machining feature point can be used as the initial machining point. The machining dimension is 4mm. The machining dimensions are shown in Table 3, illustrating the variation pattern of the machining dimensions. Figure 9 As shown.

[0035] Table 3. Machining Dimension Results

[0036] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machining method for uniformly distributed features on a ring-shaped thin-walled part, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Machining reference and scribing: Grind the top and bottom surfaces of the annular blank. The bottom surface of the annular blank after fine grinding is recorded as reference surface A. Scribing is performed on the top surface of the annular blank to divide the area corresponding to the protrusion (102) and the area corresponding to the machining feature. A groove (101) needs to be milled at the machining feature. S2. Flatness Judgment: Determine the limit height difference of the top surface of the machining feature relative to the datum surface A in both free and clamped states. , The clamping state refers to the use of multiple pressure plates pressing on the areas corresponding to multiple protrusions (102); adjusting the clamping force of the pressure plates to make the annular blank in a clamped state, and determining the deformation of the top surface of each machining feature in the clamped state. ; S3. Select the cutting tool and determine the machining method: Select the cutting tool according to the depth h and width of the groove (101), and determine whether to use the layered machining method or the one-time forming method to mill the groove (101). S4. Determine the machining starting point: Based on the tolerance zone width D of the groove (101) depth h to be machined and the superimposed machining accuracy of the machine tool and cutting tool. Determine the initial processing position.

2. The machining method for uniformly distributed features of a ring-shaped thin-walled part as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2: In the free state, the maximum height of the top surface of the measured machining feature relative to the reference plane A is: Minimum height is ,but: ; In the clamped state, the maximum height of the top surface of the measured machining feature relative to the datum plane A is: Minimum height is ,but: ; when > At that time, adjust the clamping force of the pressure plate to make ≤ ,at this time Equal to the adjusted ; Otherwise, no adjustment is made. equal .

3. The machining method for uniformly distributed features of a ring-shaped thin-walled part as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3: When the groove (101) depth h≤10mm, milling is performed in one step; When the groove (101) depth h > 10 mm, milling is performed by layer processing.

4. The machining method for uniformly distributed features of a ring-shaped thin-walled part as described in claim 1, characterized in that, when At that time, with It is used as the initial processing location for processing.

5. The machining method for uniformly distributed features of a ring-shaped thin-walled part as described in claim 1, characterized in that, when At that time, with the greatest The corresponding processing features are used as the initial position for processing.

6. The machining method for uniformly distributed features of a ring-shaped thin-walled part as described in claim 1, characterized in that: when At this time, CNC machine tools are used for automatic measurement to process single feature dimensions, that is, each processing feature is measured and processed individually according to the feature dimensions.

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