A double guide rail system of Z axis of machining center

Abstract

The application discloses a Z-axis double-guide rail system of a machining center and relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools.The Z-axis double-guide rail system comprises a bed body and a Z-axis mounting column fixedly installed on the bed body, two Z-axis guide rails symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the Z-axis mounting column, and connecting plates linearly arranged and penetrating through the two Z-axis guide rails; a pull plate extending to the inside of the Z-axis mounting column and fixed to the back plate of the Z-axis mounting column is arranged on the connecting plate; the pull plate is arc-shaped with the arc opening upward; and a sliding plate for pulling the multiple pull plates to bend downward is arranged in the inside of the Z-axis mounting column. The sliding plate in the inside of the Z-axis mounting column continuously applies downward pulling force to the multiple pull plates, so that the pull plates keep the arc shape with the arc opening upward, and the end of the pull plate connected with the connecting plate continuously pulls the connecting plate, so that the connecting plate pushes the Z-axis guide rail to be close to the Z-axis mounting column, thereby offsetting the outward pulling force applied by the spindle support to the Z-axis guide rail, and thereby avoiding the outward bulging deformation of the Z-axis guide rail.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of CNC machine tool technology, specifically to a dual guide rail system for the Z-axis of a machining center. Background Technology

[0002] As is well known, the Z-axis guideway is a crucial component of a machine tool, primarily used to support and guide the vertical movement of the spindle support. The precision and rigidity of the guideway directly affect the machining accuracy and stability of the machine tool.

[0003] For example, the invention patent with publication number CN114536030B, publication date October 27, 2023, entitled "Double V-type Needle Roller Guide Structure and Machine Tool," aims to provide a double V-type needle roller guide structure and machine tool with long service life, simple structure, and good performance. The double V-type needle roller guide structure of this invention includes a first guide rail, a double V-type roller chain plate, and a first motor. The double V-type roller chain plate is fixed in the V-groove of the first guide rail. The rollers inclined on the double V-type roller chain plate can roll. A first slide is placed on the double V-type roller chain plate, and the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the first slide. The machine tool of this invention includes a machine tool body, which includes a spindle unit, an X-axis unit, a Z-axis unit, and a Y-axis unit. The X-axis unit and the Z-axis unit are both double V-type needle roller guide structures. The X-axis unit is rotated 90° relative to the Z-axis unit on the horizontal plane. The spindle unit is mounted on the Z-axis unit, and the Y-axis unit is mounted on the X-axis unit.

[0004] The shortcomings of the existing technology are that the Z-axis guide rail is fixed to the side wall of the Z-axis mounting beam by multiple bolts, mainly used to guide the spindle support to move in the vertical direction. However, the spindle support extends a long distance outward from the Z-axis mounting beam, and the center of gravity of the spindle support is far from the Z-axis guide rail. During long-term operation, the spindle support will continuously exert an outward pulling force on the Z-axis guide rail, and this pulling force can only be borne by the fixing bolts. Under the influence of continuous pulling and vibration during operation, the fixing effect of the bolts is reduced, and only the Z-axis guide rail itself can bear the pulling force of the spindle support. This leads to the Z-axis guide rail at the usual machining height being prone to deformation, resulting in an outward bulge. The accuracy of the Z-axis guide rail is reduced, which in turn affects the machining accuracy of the machine tool. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dual guide rail system for the Z-axis of a machining center to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a Z-axis dual guide rail system for a machining center, comprising a bed and a Z-axis mounting column fixedly mounted thereon. The outer wall of the Z-axis mounting column is provided with two symmetrically distributed Z-axis guide rails and connecting plates arranged in a linear array and passing through the two Z-axis guide rails. The connecting plates are provided with pull plates extending into the interior of the Z-axis mounting column and having their other end fixed to the back plate of the Z-axis mounting column. The pull plates are arc-shaped with the arc facing upward. The interior of the Z-axis mounting column is slidably provided with sliding plates for pulling multiple pull plates downward.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: baffles are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the connecting plate, which abut against the opposite sidewalls of the Z-axis guide rail.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: the connecting plate is provided with an arc-shaped support plate at both ends abutting against the adjacent sidewalls of the Z-axis guide rail.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: the end of the pull plate passes through the connecting plate and is fixedly installed in the middle of the support plate.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: the skateboard is provided with multiple pairs of insert rods corresponding to the pull plate, and the insert rods are coupled to a specific pull plate so that the downward traction force provided by the skateboard is concentrated on the specific pull plate.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: a push rod is movably disposed on the Z-axis mounting column between two adjacent connecting plates, and the end of the push rod is provided with a triangular block for easy pushing.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: the push rod is pushed by the spindle bracket on the Z-axis guide rail so that the pull plates corresponding to the two adjacent connecting plates are coupled with the slide plate.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: the insertion rod is symmetrically provided with connecting rods, and the ends of the two connecting rods are respectively facing the two adjacent push rods.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: the Z-axis mounting column is internally equipped with a drive disk, and the drive disk is provided with a top block for pushing the slide plate to move downward.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution: the drive disk is centrally symmetrically provided with a traction part that maintains its deflection tendency, and the other end of the traction part is fixedly installed on the Z-axis mounting column.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the Z-axis dual guide rail system of the machining center provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the sliding plate inside the Z-axis mounting column continuously applies a downward pulling force to multiple pull plates, so that the pull plates maintain an upward arc shape, and the end of the pull plate connected to the connecting plate continuously pulls the connecting plate, so that the connecting plate pushes the Z-axis guide rail closer to the Z-axis mounting column, thereby offsetting the outward pulling force applied by the spindle bracket to the Z-axis guide rail, thereby preventing the Z-axis guide rail from producing outward bulging deformation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the back plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the Z-axis mounting column provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pull plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the transverse ribs provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view at point B in the middle;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the wedge block provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged view at point C;

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0030] 1. Bed; 11. Z-axis mounting column; 111. Longitudinal rib; 112. Transverse rib; 113. Slide plate; 114. Drive plate; 115. Top block; 116. Protrusion; 117. Traction unit; 118. Insert rod; 12. Z-axis guide rail; 121. Connecting plate; 122. Support plate; 123. Baffle; 124. Pull plate; 125. Push rod; 126. Triangular block; 127. Wedge block; 128. Push plate; 129. Connecting rod; 13. Spindle bracket; 14. Back plate. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Please see Figure 1-11 This invention provides a technical solution: a Z-axis dual guide rail system for a machining center, including a bed 1 and a Z-axis mounting column 11 fixedly mounted thereon. Two Z-axis guide rails 12 are symmetrically distributed on the outer wall of the Z-axis mounting column 11, and connecting plates 121 are linearly arrayed and pass through the two Z-axis guide rails 12. A pull plate 124 is provided on the connecting plate 121, extending into the interior of the Z-axis mounting column 11 and fixed at the other end to the back plate 14 of the Z-axis mounting column 11. The pull plate 124 is arc-shaped with the arc opening facing upward. A sliding plate 113 for pulling multiple pull plates 124 downward is slidably arranged inside the Z-axis mounting column 11.

[0033] Specifically, the Z-axis guide rail 12 has through holes adapted to the connecting plate 121. The end of the pull plate 124 is fixedly installed on the back plate 14 by screws. The Z-axis mounting column 11 has parallel longitudinal ribs 111 and transverse ribs 112 connecting the two longitudinal ribs 111 and the Z-axis mounting column 11. The Z-axis guide rail 12 is fixedly installed on the longitudinal ribs 111. The longitudinal ribs 111 and the transverse ribs 112 support the Z-axis mounting column 11 and improve the strength of the Z-axis mounting column 11.

[0034] Furthermore, the sliding plate 113 inside the Z-axis mounting post 11 continuously applies a downward pulling force to the multiple pull plates 124, so that the pull plates 124 maintain an upward arc shape, and the end of the pull plate 124 connected to the connecting plate 121 continuously pulls the connecting plate 121, so that the connecting plate 121 pushes the Z-axis guide rail 12 closer to the Z-axis mounting post 11, thereby offsetting the outward pulling force applied by the spindle bracket 13 to the Z-axis guide rail 12, thereby preventing the Z-axis guide rail 12 from bulging outward deformation.

[0035] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the connection point between the pull plate 124 and the back plate 14 is lower than the connection point between the pull plate 124 and the corresponding connecting plate 121. The lowest point of the pull plate 124 is located slightly behind the middle of the Z-axis mounting post 11 (the Z-axis mounting post 11 is located in front of the Z-axis guide rail 12, and the opposite side is behind). The slide plate 113 is connected to the lowest point of the pull plate 124, which pulls the pull plate 124 to keep it bent and helps the Z-axis guide rail 12 to counteract the outward pulling force applied by the spindle support 13. The connection point between the slide plate 113 and the pull plate 124 is located slightly behind the middle of the Z-axis mounting post 11, which can shift the point of action of part of the pulling force applied by the spindle support 13 in front of the slide plate 113 to the rear, thereby reducing the load behind the Z-axis mounting post 11.

[0036] In another embodiment of the present invention, baffles 123 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the connecting plate 121, abutting against the opposite sidewalls of the Z-axis guide rail 12, and arc-shaped support plates 122 are arranged on the connecting plate 121, with both ends abutting against the adjacent sidewalls of the Z-axis guide rail 12.

[0037] Specifically, the baffle 123 is fixedly installed on the connecting plate 121 by screws.

[0038] Furthermore, when installing the Z-axis guide rail 12, first insert multiple connecting plates 121 into two Z-axis guide rails 12, then use screws to install baffles 123 at both ends of the connecting plates 121. The baffles 123 fit against the side walls of opposite sides of the Z-axis guide rail 12, and the two ends of the arc-shaped support plate 122 abut against the side walls of adjacent sides of the two Z-axis guide rails 12. The baffles 123 and the support plate 122 cooperate to restrict the relative position of the two Z-axis guide rails 12. Then, the Z-axis can be... The guide rail 12, connecting plate 121, baffle 123, and support plate 122 are installed as a whole on the side wall of the Z-axis mounting column 11. The baffle 123 and the support plate 122 cooperate to restrict the Z-axis guide rail 12 from both sides, improve the bending strength of the Z-axis guide rail 12, and prevent the Z-axis guide rail 12 from lateral bending due to uneven weight distribution of the spindle bracket 13 (lateral bending is bending that occurs on the plane where the Z-axis guide rail 12 is installed on the Z-axis mounting column 11).

[0039] In another embodiment of the present invention, the end of the pull plate 124 passes through the connecting plate 121 and is fixedly installed in the middle of the support plate 122.

[0040] Specifically, the downward traction force of the slide plate 113 is transmitted to the middle of the support plate 122 through the pull plate 124, and the direction of the pulling force transmitted through the pull plate 124 is towards the rear of the Z-axis mounting column 11. The force transmitted to the support plate 122 is transmitted to both sides through the arc of the support plate 122, and then to the position of the connecting plate 121 close to the Z-axis guide rail 12. The direction of the force transmitted from the support plate 122 to the connecting plate 121 is tangential to the end of the support plate 122. This force can be decomposed into a force to the outside of the Z-axis guide rail 12 and a force to the rear. Moreover, the two Z-axis guide rails 12 are restricted by the baffles 123 at both ends of the connecting plate 121, which cancels out the force to the outside of the Z-axis guide rail 12. The force to the rear is transmitted to the Z-axis guide rail 12 through the connecting plate 121, which helps the Z-axis guide rail 12 to counteract the outward (forward) force applied by the main shaft bracket 13.

[0041] In another embodiment of the present invention, the slide plate 113 is provided with a plurality of pairs of insert rods 118 corresponding to the pull plate 124. The insert rods 118 are coupled to the specific pull plate 124 so that the downward traction force provided by the slide plate 113 is concentrated on the specific pull plate 124.

[0042] Specifically, the connection between the pull plate 124 and the slide plate 113 is provided with a groove that matches the insertion rod 118. The end of the insertion rod 118 is tapered, which matches the slightly deformed pull plate 124, making it easy for the insertion rod 118 to be inserted into the groove on the pull plate 124.

[0043] Furthermore, during operation, the spindle support 13 moves vertically along the Z-axis guide rail 12, and the force applied by the spindle support 13 to the Z-axis guide rail 12 is concentrated on the portion of the Z-axis guide rail 12 behind and above it (rather than the entire Z-axis guide rail 12, which is also the reason for the local outward bulge of the Z-axis guide rail 12). At this time, multiple insert rods 118 on the slide plate 113 move and insert into the grooves on the specific pull plate 124, so that the slide plate 113 is coupled with the specific pull plate 124 (the pull rod located behind the spindle support 13 and the first pull rod above the spindle support 13). The downward traction force of the slide plate 113 is concentrated on the specific pull plate 124, and these pull plates 124 pull the corresponding part of the Z-axis guide rail 12, preventing that part of the Z-axis guide rail 12 from being continuously subjected to force and causing outward bulge.

[0044] In another embodiment of the present invention, a push rod 125 is movably disposed on the Z-axis mounting column 11 between two adjacent connecting plates 121. The end of the push rod 125 is provided with a triangular block 126 for easy pushing. The push rod 125 is pushed by the spindle bracket 13 on the Z-axis guide rail 12 so that the pull plate 124 corresponding to the two adjacent connecting plates 121 is coupled with the slide plate.

[0045] Specifically, as the spindle support 13 moves upward, it moves along the ramp below the triangular block 126 of the push rod 125 above it, pushing the push rod 125 to move inward toward the Z-axis mounting post 11. This causes the push rod 125 to move the insertion rod 118 on the slide plate 113, so that the insertion rod 118 inserts into the pull plate 124 corresponding to the two adjacent connecting plates 121 of the push rod 125. This couples the slide plate 113 with the specific pull plate 124, thereby concentrating the traction force on the Z-axis guide rail 12 part corresponding to the specific pull plate 124, preventing the Z-axis guide rail 12 part from being continuously stressed and causing outward protrusion.

[0046] In another embodiment of the present invention, connecting rods 129 are symmetrically arranged on the insert rod 118, and the ends of the two connecting rods 129 are respectively facing the two adjacent push rods 125.

[0047] Specifically, a spring is provided between the push rod 125 and the transverse rib 112, and a push plate 128 for pushing the end of the connecting rod 129 is provided inside the transverse rib 112. A spring is provided between the insert rod 118 and the transverse rib 112. A wedge block 127 for pushing the push plate 128 to move is provided on the push rod 125. A notch adapted to the push rod 125 and the wedge block 127 is provided on the transverse rib 112. A cylindrical protrusion is provided at the end of the connecting rod 129. A groove adapted to the cylindrical protrusion is provided on the transverse rib 112.

[0048] Furthermore, as the spindle support 13 moves upward, it moves along the ramp below the triangular block 126 of the push rod 125 above it, pushing the push rod 125 towards the inside of the Z-axis mounting post 11. The inclined surface of the wedge block 127 on the push rod 125 pushes the push plate 128 towards the slide plate 113, and pushes the two connecting rods 129 opposite it. The two connecting rods 129 respectively push the insert rods 118 above and below the push rod 125 towards the pull plate 124. The upper insert rod 118 drives the two connecting rods 129 above it to move synchronously. The cylindrical protrusion moves along the groove on the transverse rib 112. The insert rod 118 is inserted into the pull plate 124 corresponding to the two connecting plates 121 adjacent to the push rod 125, so that the slide plate 113 is coupled with the specific pull plate 124, thereby concentrating the traction force on the Z-axis guide rail 12 part corresponding to the specific pull plate 124, avoiding the Z-axis guide rail 12 part from being continuously subjected to force and producing an outward protrusion. When the main shaft support 13 separates from the triangular block 126, the push rod 125 is reset under the action of the spring between it and the transverse rib 112, and the insert rod 118 is reset under the action of the spring between it and the transverse rib 112, and the insert rod 118 is separated from the pull plate 124.

[0049] In another embodiment of the present invention, a drive disk 114 is rotatably provided inside the Z-axis mounting column 11, and a top block 115 is provided on the drive disk 114 for pushing the slide plate 113 to move downward.

[0050] Specifically, the back plate 14 has a groove that matches the shaft of the drive plate 114, and the slide plate 113 has a protrusion 116 that extends to the bottom of the top block 115.

[0051] Furthermore, after continuous operation for a period of time, the pull plate 124 continues to be stretched and extended. The slide plate 113 cannot provide sufficient traction for the pull plate 124. At this time, the drive disk 114 can be driven to rotate. The top block 115 on the drive disk 114 pushes the protrusion 116 to move away from the center of gravity of the drive disk 114 (moving downward), thereby increasing the traction force applied by the slide plate 113 to the multiple pull plates 124, thus ensuring that the pull plate 124 can provide sufficient backward traction force to the Z-axis guide rail 12.

[0052] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the outer contour of the top block 115 can be a cam or an Archimedean spiral. The drive disk 114 rotates, and the top block 115 pushes the protrusion 116 to move downward, thereby increasing the traction force applied by the slide plate 113 to the pull plate 124.

[0053] In another embodiment of the present invention, a traction part 117 is provided on the drive disk 114 in a centrally symmetrical manner to maintain its deflection tendency, and the other end of the traction part 117 is fixedly installed on the Z-axis mounting column 11.

[0054] Specifically, the traction unit 117 includes a U-shaped clip rotatably mounted on the eccentric position of the drive disk 114 and a C-shaped clip fixed to the Z-axis mounting post 11 by bolts. A tension spring is provided between the U-shaped clip and the C-shaped clip. The tension spring continuously pulls the drive plate to rotate in the tangential direction of the drive disk 114. The top block 115 on the drive disk 114 continuously pushes the protrusion 116, so that the slide plate 113 continuously provides downward traction force. In turn, the pull plate 124 helps the Z-axis guide rail 12 to counteract the outward pulling force applied by the spindle support 13. The distance between the C-shaped clip and the Z-axis mounting post 11 can be adjusted by rotating the bolts, thereby changing the force applied by the tension spring to the drive disk 114 and changing the force applied by the slide plate 113 to the pull plate 124.

[0055] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual guide rail system for the Z-axis of a machining center, characterized in that, The device includes a bed (1) and a Z-axis mounting column (11) fixedly mounted thereon. The outer wall of the Z-axis mounting column (11) is provided with two symmetrically distributed Z-axis guide rails (12) and a connecting plate (121) arranged in a linear array and passing through the two Z-axis guide rails (12). The connecting plate (121) is provided with a pull plate (124) extending into the interior of the Z-axis mounting column (11) and fixed at the other end to the back plate (14) of the Z-axis mounting column (11). The pull plate (124) is arc-shaped with the arc opening facing upward. The interior of the Z-axis mounting column (11) is slidably provided with a sliding plate (113) for pulling multiple pull plates (124) downward. The slide plate (113) is provided with multiple pairs of insert rods (118) corresponding to the pull plate (124). The insert rods (118) are coupled to the specific pull plate (124) so ​​that the downward traction force provided by the slide plate (113) is concentrated on the specific pull plate (124). A push rod (125) is movably disposed on the Z-axis mounting column (11) between two adjacent connecting plates (121), and the end of the push rod (125) is provided with a triangular block (126) for easy pushing. The push rod (125) is pushed by the spindle bracket (13) on the Z-axis guide rail (12) so that the pull plate (124) corresponding to the two adjacent connecting plates (121) is coupled to the slide plate (113).

2. The Z-axis dual guide rail system of a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting plate (121) has baffles (123) symmetrically arranged at both ends, which abut against the opposite side wall of the Z-axis guide rail (12).

3. The Z-axis dual guide rail system of a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting plate (121) is provided with an arc-shaped support plate (122) with both ends abutting against the adjacent sidewalls of the Z-axis guide rail (12).

4. The Z-axis dual guide rail system of a machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that, The end of the pull plate (124) passes through the connecting plate (121) and is fixedly installed in the middle of the support plate (122).

5. The Z-axis dual guide rail system of a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insert (118) is symmetrically provided with connecting rods (129), and the ends of the two connecting rods (129) are respectively facing the two adjacent push rods (125).

6. The Z-axis dual guide rail system of a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Z-axis mounting column (11) is internally equipped with a drive disk (114), and the drive disk (114) is provided with a top block (115) for pushing the slide plate (113) to move downward.

7. The Z-axis dual guide rail system of a machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drive disk (114) is centrally symmetrically provided with a traction part (117) to maintain its deflection tendency, and the other end of the traction part (117) is fixedly installed on the Z-axis mounting column (11).

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