Intelligent tinning processing technology for copper bar

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of copper bar tin plating, and mainly discloses an intelligent copper bar tin plating processing technology which comprises the following steps: correspondingly transferring to-be-processed copper bars to hanging stations of two parallel processing production lines to finish feeding; wherein the process stations of the two processing production lines are reversely arranged along the same axis; the two processing production lines synchronously work in parallel, and the copper bar sequentially enters the electrolytic degreasing station and the ultrasonic degreasing station for degreasing and then is cleaned through the multi-stage cleaning station; the copper bars are synchronously fed into respective activation stations for activation, are cleaned again through corresponding multi-stage cleaning stations after activation, and are transferred to respective double-tinning stations in a segmented manner for tinning; the tinned copper bars are synchronously processed by respective multistage cleaning stations, tin protection stations, ultrasonic washing stations and hot pure water washing stations, then are correspondingly fed into drying stations to be dried, and are correspondingly transferred to respective hanging stations after being dried, so that blanking is completed; the problems that an existing copper tinning processing technology is low in efficiency and not ideal in tinning effect are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of tin plating on copper busbars, and in particular to an intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars. Background Technology

[0002] As a core conductive component of smart grid equipment, the uniformity, adhesion, and corrosion resistance of the tin plating layer of copper busbars directly affect the reliability of equipment operation, and are of paramount importance to the efficiency and adaptability of the tin plating process.

[0003] Existing copper busbar tin plating production lines mostly adopt a single-line linear layout or a parallel dual-line design, which has significant limitations: single-line production capacity is low, and parallel dual-line production requires redundant auxiliary facilities, resulting in redundant land occupation and low space utilization; transfer relies on a single overhead crane for full coverage, with circuitous paths and the possibility of a complete line shutdown due to malfunctions; tin plating parameters are mostly manually controlled, resulting in poor stability of bath concentration and temperature, leading to uneven plating thickness and insufficient brightness; the adaptability of bent copper busbars is poor, easily causing problems such as plating peeling and defects at bends; post-processing cleaning is incomplete, with significant issues of residual water stains on the surface, affecting product quality. Furthermore, the environmental treatment efficiency of existing processes is limited, and the waste gas collection rate and wastewater treatment compliance rate need to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing copper tin plating process is inefficient and the tin plating effect is not ideal.

[0005] The above-mentioned technical problems are solved by the following technical solution: This invention proposes an intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars, which includes transferring the copper busbars to be processed to the upper hanging stations of two parallel processing lines for loading; wherein, the process stations of the two processing lines are arranged in opposite directions along the same axis; the two processing lines operate synchronously and in parallel, the copper busbars sequentially enter the electrolytic degreasing station and the ultrasonic degreasing station for degreasing, and then pass through the multi-stage cleaning station for cleaning; the copper busbars are synchronously sent to their respective activation stations for activation, and after activation, they are cleaned again by the corresponding multi-stage cleaning stations, and then transferred in sections to their respective double tin plating stations for tin plating; after tin plating, the copper busbars are synchronously processed by their respective multi-stage cleaning stations, tin protection stations, ultrasonic water washing stations, and hot pure water washing stations, and then sent to the corresponding drying stations for drying, and after drying, they are transferred to their respective lower hanging stations to complete the unloading.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars described in this invention: two parallel processing lines include a first production line and a second production line. The copper busbars on the first and second production lines are transported by corresponding overhead crane groups, which include a first crane, a second crane, and a third crane.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars described in this invention: the first production line and the second production line are divided into a first zone, a second zone and a third zone, which are connected by an exchange slot; the first traveling crane, the second traveling crane and the third traveling crane move within the first zone, the second zone and the third zone respectively.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars described in this invention: the electrolytic degreasing station adopts a double-anode electrolytic degreasing tank, the processing temperature is controlled at 50-55℃, the single tank processing time is 8-10 minutes, including 2 minutes of time supplement, the tank is equipped with a backpack-type auxiliary tank, and the auxiliary tank is equipped with a submersible pump, which can pump the floating oil on the surface of the degreasing tank to the oil-water separation device to achieve rapid removal of floating oil, and the electrolytic degreasing tank is lined with a PPS board to prevent the tank from conducting electricity.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars described in this invention: the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic degreasing station is adjusted according to the degree of oil contamination on the copper busbar, with an adjustment range of 60.0kW~88.8kW, and the processing time is fixed at 3min; after ultrasonic degreasing, the cleaning station adopts a combination of "air stirring + top spraying", with the top spraying device starting when the copper busbar rises from the water washing tank and turning off before the copper busbar moves to the next station.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars described in this invention: the processing temperature of the tin plating station is controlled at 10-15℃, a constant current of 3000A is provided by a rectifier, the cathode movement frequency can be adjusted within the range of 1-3 times / min, and a Venturi stirring device is provided in the tin plating bath, with the stirring air pressure controlled at 0.3-0.5MPa; the tin plating time can be adjusted according to the required plating thickness, with an adjustment range of 3-10min. When the required plating thickness is ≤5μm, a single tin plating station is used; when the required plating thickness is >5μm, a dual tin plating station is activated. The two tin plating baths are processed in the same way, and the solutions in the two tin plating baths are complementary through connecting pipelines to ensure that the solution concentrations of the two stations are consistent. The tin plating station is equipped with an automatic dosing device, which uses an automatic potentiometric titrator to detect the concentration of free acid and tin ions in the plating solution in real time, with a detection frequency of every 15 minutes. Sulfuric acid and tin plating additives are accurately replenished through an Eway metering pump. The tin plating station is equipped with a circulating filter, which uses stainless steel bag filter bags with a precision of 100μm and a filtration frequency of every 2 hours. The filtered solution is returned to the tin plating bath through an insulated pipeline, which is wrapped with a 60mm thick rubber and plastic cotton insulation layer.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars described in this invention: the exchange tank is empty, or tap water is injected into the exchange tank.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars described in this invention: the activation station is treated at room temperature of 20~25℃, the activation time is controlled at 2~3min, the activation station adopts a three-stage countercurrent rinsing design after activation, the water supply for the final stage water rinsing tank is deionized water with resistivity ≥15MΩ·cm, and the final stage water rinsing tank is equipped with a solenoid valve and a rotor flow meter.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars described in this invention: the processing temperature of the tin protection station is controlled at 20-30°C, and condensate is used as a heat source, which is indirectly heated through a coil to avoid direct contact between the heat source and the bath liquid; the hot pure water washing station is covered with an 80mm thick rock wool insulation layer, and the water temperature inside the tank is stably controlled at 50-55°C, with water temperature fluctuations not exceeding ±1°C.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars described in this invention: the drying station adopts a circulating air design of "top exhaust + bottom exhaust", the circulating fan power is 7.5kW, the drying temperature is controlled at 50-55℃, the drying time is fixed at 5min, at least 9 temperature measuring points are provided in the drying chamber, the temperature difference between each point does not exceed 3℃, and the drying station is equipped with an electric heating auxiliary device that automatically starts when the steam heat source is insufficient.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This process utilizes a coaxial, reverse-planning dual-production-line layout, enabling parallel operation of two lines without increasing floor space, significantly improving space utilization and adapting to the processing needs of all types of straight and bent copper busbars. The zoned overhead crane and exchange tank connection design optimizes transport paths, reduces the cascading effects of failures, and enhances production continuity and fault tolerance. In the tin plating process, precise temperature control, cathode movement adjustment, and an automatic chemical dosing system ensure stable bath composition, significantly improving plating uniformity and surface brightness, and enhancing plating adhesion and corrosion resistance.

[0016] The post-processing workflow integrates multi-stage cleaning, ultrasonic enhancement, and precise drying, effectively reducing surface residue and water stains, and improving product appearance and performance. In terms of environmental protection, the sealed collection and separate treatment design enhances the treatment effect of waste gas and wastewater, meeting green production requirements. The overall process achieves synergy between intelligent control and efficient production, simplifying operation procedures, reducing maintenance costs, and comprehensively improving production efficiency and product reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Wherein: Figure 1 The process flow diagram of intelligent tin plating for copper busbars is shown.

[0018] Figure 2 The diagram shows the distribution of each station in the intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars.

[0019] Figure 3 The diagram shows the operating area of ​​the overhead crane in the intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars.

[0020] Figure 4 The graph shows the relationship between tin plating temperature and tin plating thickness in the intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars.

[0021] Figure 5 The graph shows the relationship between cathode movement frequency and gloss in the intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars.

[0022] Figure 6 The diagram shows the relationship between ultrasonic power, surface residual oil filtration, and power consumption in the intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars.

[0023] Figure 7 The image shows a comparison of the gloss levels of workpieces processed using traditional methods and those processed using our methods.

[0024] Figure 8 The image shows a comparison of the wear resistance of workpieces made using traditional processes and those made using our processes. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0026] The terminology used in this invention is that which is currently widely used in the art in consideration of the function of the invention; however, these terms may vary according to the intent of those skilled in the art, precedent, or new technology in the art. Furthermore, specific terms may be chosen by the applicant, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the invention. Therefore, the terms used in this specification should not be construed as simple names, but rather based on their meanings and the overall description of the invention.

[0027] Reference Figures 1-8 This embodiment provides a smart tin plating process for copper busbars, which includes the following steps: The copper busbars to be processed are fixed on the customized workpiece placement rack and transferred to the upper hanging station A1 of the two parallel processing production lines 100 respectively to complete the loading. The process stations of the two processing production lines 100 are arranged in opposite directions along the same axis. The total process path length is consistent with the length of the existing single tin plating production line. The parallel production capacity of the two production lines can be achieved without increasing the floor space, and there is no interference between the two production line stations.

[0028] The two processing lines 100 are linked and controlled by a PLC system to achieve synchronous parallel operation. The copper busbars enter the electrolytic degreasing station B and the ultrasonic degreasing station C in sequence according to the preset rhythm. The rolling oil, dust and other impurities on the surface are removed by the step degreasing to provide a clean surface for subsequent activation and tin plating. After degreasing, the residual degreasing agent is rinsed off by the multi-stage cleaning station D to avoid the agent being carried into the subsequent stations and causing pollution.

[0029] The copper busbars are simultaneously fed into their respective activation stations E, where a 3% dilute sulfuric acid activation solution is used to remove the surface oxide film. This enhances the surface activity of the copper busbars, ensures the adhesion of the plating layer, and avoids damage to the surface of the copper busbars. After activation, they are cleaned again in corresponding multi-stage cleaning stations D to thoroughly remove residual activation solution and prevent the activation solution from affecting the composition of the tin plating bath. Subsequently, relying on the 200-section transfer mode of the overhead crane, they are transferred in sections to their respective dual tin plating stations F for tin plating, avoiding efficiency losses caused by long-distance transfer by a single overhead crane.

[0030] After tin plating, the copper busbars simultaneously enter the post-processing process: first, they pass through their respective multi-stage cleaning stations D to remove residual plating solution from the surface, then they are sent to the tin protection station G to form a passivation film, improving the corrosion resistance of the plating layer. Subsequently, they pass through the ultrasonic water washing station H to strengthen the cleaning of gaps and remove residual impurities from the edges and holes of the copper busbars. After passing through the hot pure water washing station J to reduce water stains and provide a drying basis, they are finally sent to the corresponding drying station K to complete the removal of moisture.

[0031] After drying, the materials are transferred by overhead crane to their respective hanging stations A2. The hanging stations are equipped with electric lifting devices to adapt to different height transfer needs, complete the unloading and transfer to the finished product turnover area.

[0032] Specifically, the two parallel processing production lines 100 include a first production line 101 and a second production line 102. The first production line 101 is suitable for straight copper busbars with a thickness of 2-15mm, a width of ≤380mm, and a length of ≤6000mm. The second production line 102 is compatible with straight copper busbars and bent copper busbars of the same specifications, with a bending angle of ≤650mm. Therefore, in this embodiment, the width of the reaction tank in the second production line 102 is slightly larger than the width of the reaction tank in the first production line 101. The copper busbars of both production lines are transported by the corresponding overhead crane group 200.

[0033] Furthermore, the crane group 200 includes a first crane 201, a second crane 202, and a third crane 203, and all three cranes use SEW brake motors, with a lifting motor of 7.5kW and a translation motor of 2.2kW, to ensure stable operation when carrying a copper busbar of ≥1000kg.

[0034] Both production lines 101 and 102 are divided into three functional zones: Q1, Q2, and Q3. Q1 includes an electrolytic degreasing station B, an ultrasonic degreasing station C, and a pre-cleaning station D. Q2 includes an activation station E, a pre-tin plating cleaning station D, and a double tin plating station F. Q3 includes a post-tin plating cleaning station D, a tin protection station G, an ultrasonic water washing station H, a hot pure water washing station J, and a drying station K. Q1, Q2, and Q3 are connected by an exchange tank M to ensure that the copper busbars are transferred from one zone to another without obstruction.

[0035] The first traveling crane 201, the second traveling crane 202, and the third traveling crane 203 move within the first zone Q1, the second zone Q2, and the third zone Q3, respectively. All three traveling cranes are positioned using Pepperl+Fuchs linear encoders with a positioning accuracy of ≤±3mm. They are equipped with mechanical anti-collision and light curtain anti-collision devices, and can automatically avoid operational conflicts within the same area by using preset paths through the MES system. They also support manual emergency operation to meet equipment maintenance or special process requirements.

[0036] Electrolytic degreasing station B uses a double-anode electrolytic degreasing tank with a treatment temperature controlled at 50-55℃ and a single tank treatment time of 8-10 minutes, including a 2-minute time supplement, to ensure thorough removal of heavy oil contamination. The tank is equipped with a backpack-type auxiliary tank, which is connected to the main tank via an alkali-resistant pipe. The auxiliary tank is equipped with a submersible pump with a head of ≥5m, which can pump the floating oil on the surface of the degreasing tank to the oil-water separation device for rapid removal. The electrolytic degreasing tank is lined with δ15mm V2 grade flame-retardant PPS board to effectively prevent the tank from conducting electricity and being corroded by alkaline solutions.

[0037] The ultrasonic power of ultrasonic degreasing station C is adjusted according to the degree of oil contamination on the copper busbar. It is automatically matched based on the feedback data from the preceding oil contamination sensor. The adjustment range is 60.0kW~88.8kW, and the processing time is fixed at 3min. The ultrasonic transducer is made of SUS304 material and is evenly distributed on both sides and the bottom of the tank to ensure that the ultrasonic energy covers the entire surface of the copper busbar and thoroughly removes stubborn oil contamination.

[0038] After ultrasonic degreasing, cleaning station D adopts a combination of "air agitation + top spray": air agitation is supplied by a Roots blower with an air pressure of 0.4MPa to ensure uniform agitation of the solution in the water washing tank; the top spray device uses a fan-shaped atomizing nozzle with a spray pressure of 0.2~0.3MPa, which is started when the copper busbar rises from the water washing tank and shut off before the copper busbar moves to the next station, thus ensuring the cleaning effect while avoiding water waste.

[0039] The processing temperature of tin plating station F is controlled at 10-15℃. The temperature is maintained by a direct cooling system. A constant current of 3000A is provided by a synchronous high-frequency rectifier with a current fluctuation of ≤±1%. The cathode movement frequency can be adjusted within the range of 1-3 times / min to adapt to the plating thickness requirements. The tin plating tank is equipped with a Venturi agitator, which is evenly distributed at the bottom of the tank with a spacing of 500mm. The agitator air pressure is controlled at 0.3-0.5MPa to ensure uniform composition of the plating solution.

[0040] The tin plating time can be adjusted according to the required plating thickness, with an adjustment range of 3 to 10 minutes: when the required plating thickness is ≤5μm, a single tin plating station F is used for processing; when the required plating thickness is >5μm, a dual tin plating station F is used for collaborative processing; a connecting pipeline with a solenoid valve is provided between the two tin plating tanks, which is controlled by a concentration sensor. When the concentration difference between the two tanks is >5%, it will automatically open to achieve complementary plating solutions and ensure that the concentration of the plating solutions at the two stations is consistent.

[0041] Tin plating station F is equipped with an automatic dosing device. The automatic dosing device uses an automatic potentiometric titrator to detect the concentration of free acid and tin ions in the plating solution in real time. The titration error is ≤0.1%, and the detection frequency is every 15 minutes. After the detection data is fed back to the PLC system, sulfuric acid and tin plating additives are accurately replenished through the Ewayi metering pump. The sulfuric acid is stored in a 200L PVC anti-corrosion tank, and the tin plating additives are stored in 100L PE containers. The bottom of the containers is equipped with a low liquid level alarm sensor.

[0042] Tin plating station F is equipped with a 30T / H circulating filter. The filter uses stainless steel bag filter bags with a precision of 100μm, with a filtration efficiency of ≥98% and a filtration frequency of every 2 hours. The filtered solution is returned to the tin plating tank through a PPH insulated pipeline. The pipeline is wrapped with 60mm thick rubber and plastic cotton with a density of ≥40kg / m³ to ensure that the temperature loss of the solution is ≤2℃ / h, thus avoiding temperature fluctuations from affecting the plating quality.

[0043] The M-slot of the exchange tank is empty. This mode is suitable for short-term shutdown scenarios, such as temporary shutdown within 1 hour, which can avoid waste of protective fluid. During the shutdown, the copper busbar is moved slightly at regular intervals by the crane to prevent the copper busbar from being damaged by prolonged contact with the tank wall.

[0044] Alternatively, tap water can be injected into the exchange tank M for temporary rinsing of the copper busbars to meet emergency processing needs. If there is a lot of residual agent on the surface of the copper busbars, they can be initially rinsed in the exchange tank before being transferred to the subsequent cleaning station.

[0045] Furthermore, during the copper busbar loading process, the copper busbar workpieces transferred from the upper hanging station are temporarily placed into the exchange tank M. The empty exchange tank M serves as the handover point, while the exchange tank M, which is filled with tap water, can perform preliminary cleaning of the copper busbar.

[0046] Activation station E uses room temperature treatment at 20~25℃, which does not require additional heating and reduces energy consumption. The activator is a 3% dilute sulfuric acid solution, and the activation time is controlled at 2~3 minutes. After activation, activation station E adopts a three-stage countercurrent rinsing design. The water supply for the final water washing tank is deionized water with a resistivity ≥15MΩ·cm. The final water washing tank is equipped with a solenoid valve and a rotor flow meter, which automatically adjusts the water supply according to the copper busbar throughput, achieving a water saving rate of 30%.

[0047] The processing temperature of the tin protection station G is controlled at 20-30℃. Condensate is used as a heat source to utilize waste heat and reduce energy consumption. Indirect heating is achieved through SUS316L stainless steel coils to avoid direct contact between condensate and protective liquid, which could cause contamination. Temperature control is achieved using an Omron temperature controller, with the flow rate of condensate adjusted by an electric valve to ensure that temperature fluctuations are ≤±1℃.

[0048] The tank of the hot pure water washing station J is made of δ3mm thick SUS304 material and wrapped with an 80mm thick rock wool insulation layer, with an insulation effect of ≥0.04W / (m·K). There is a temperature sensor at the top and bottom of the tank to monitor the water temperature in real time. The water temperature in the tank is maintained at a stable control of 50~55℃ by steam heating, and the water temperature fluctuation does not exceed ±1℃, ensuring that the copper busbar surface dries quickly and without residue.

[0049] Drying station K adopts a circulating air design with "top exhaust + bottom exhaust". The circulating fan has a power of 7.5kW and an air circulation volume of ≥1000m³ / h. The circulating air is filtered by a primary and a medium-efficiency filter with a filtration efficiency of ≥95% to prevent dust from contaminating the copper busbar surface. The drying temperature is controlled at 50~55℃ and the drying time is fixed at 5min. There are at least 9 temperature measuring points in the drying chamber, evenly distributed on the top, bottom, left, right and center, with a temperature difference of no more than 3℃ between each point. Drying station K is equipped with a 15kW electric heating auxiliary device, which automatically starts when the steam temperature is <120℃ to ensure the temperature inside the drying chamber is stable.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the methods and devices described in detail above are merely embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify these embodiments in different ways as long as they do not depart from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart tin plating process for copper busbars, characterized in that: include, The copper busbars to be processed are respectively transferred to the upper hanging station (A1) of the two parallel processing production lines (100) to complete the loading; wherein, the process stations of the two processing production lines (100) are arranged in opposite directions along the same axis; Two processing lines (100) operate synchronously and in parallel. The copper busbars enter the electrolytic degreasing station (B) and the ultrasonic degreasing station (C) in sequence for degreasing, and then pass through the multi-stage cleaning station (D) for cleaning. The copper busbars are simultaneously sent to their respective activation stations (E) for activation. After activation, they are cleaned again by the corresponding multi-stage cleaning stations (D) and then transferred in sections to their respective double tin plating stations (F) for tin plating. After tin plating, the copper busbars are simultaneously processed through their respective multi-stage cleaning stations (D), tin protection station (G), ultrasonic water washing station (H), and hot pure water washing station (J), and then sent to the drying station (K) for drying. After drying, they are transferred to their respective hanging stations (A2) to complete the unloading.

2. The intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two parallel processing production lines (100) include a first production line (101) and a second production line (102). The copper busbars on the first production line (101) and the second production line (102) are transported by corresponding traveling crane groups (200). The traveling crane groups (200) include a first traveling crane (201), a second traveling crane (202) and a third traveling crane (203).

3. The intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first production line (101) and the second production line (102) are divided into a first zone (Q1), a second zone (Q2) and a third zone (Q3), and the first zone (Q1), the second zone (Q2) and the third zone (Q3) are connected by an exchange slot (M); The first carriage (201), the second carriage (202), and the third carriage (203) move within the first zone (Q1), the second zone (Q2), and the third zone (Q3), respectively.

4. The intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The electrolytic degreasing station (B) adopts a double-anode electrolytic degreasing tank, with the processing temperature controlled at 50-55℃ and the single tank processing time at 8-10 minutes, including a 2-minute time supplement. The tank is equipped with a backpack-type auxiliary tank, which is equipped with a submersible pump to pump the floating oil on the surface of the degreasing tank to the oil-water separation device, so as to achieve rapid removal of floating oil. The electrolytic degreasing tank is lined with PPS board to prevent the tank from conducting electricity.

5. The intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic degreasing station (C) is adjusted according to the degree of oil contamination on the copper drain, with an adjustment range of 60.0kW to 88.8kW, and the processing time is fixed at 3 minutes. After ultrasonic degreasing, the cleaning station (D) adopts a combination of "air agitation + top spray". The top spray device is started when the copper busbar rises from the water washing tank and is turned off before the copper busbar moves to the next station.

6. The intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The processing temperature of the tin plating station (F) is controlled at 10-15℃. A constant current of 3000A is provided by a rectifier. The cathode movement frequency can be adjusted within the range of 1-3 times / min. The tin plating bath is equipped with a Venturi stirring device, and the stirring air pressure is controlled at 0.3-0.5MPa. The tin plating time can be adjusted according to the required plating thickness, with an adjustment range of 3 to 10 minutes. When the required plating thickness is ≤5μm, a single tin plating station (F) is used for processing; when the required plating thickness is >5μm, a dual tin plating station (F) is used for collaborative processing, and the solutions in the two tin plating tanks are complementary through connecting pipelines to ensure that the solution concentrations in the two stations are consistent. The tin plating station (F) is equipped with an automatic dosing device. The automatic dosing device uses an automatic potentiometric titrator to detect the concentration of free acid and tin ions in the plating solution in real time. The detection frequency is every 15 minutes. Sulfuric acid and tin plating additives are accurately replenished through the Ivy metering pump. The tin plating station (F) is equipped with a circulating filter. The filter uses a stainless steel bag filter with a precision of 100μm. The filtration frequency is every 2 hours. The filtered solution is returned to the tin plating tank through an insulated pipeline. The pipeline is wrapped with a 60mm thick rubber and plastic cotton insulation layer.

7. The intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars according to claim 3, characterized in that: The exchange tank (M) is either empty or filled with tap water.

8. The intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 7, characterized in that: The activation station (E) is treated at room temperature of 20~25℃, and the activation time is controlled at 2~3min. After activation, the activation station (E) adopts a three-stage countercurrent rinsing design. The water supplied to the final water washing tank is deionized water with a resistivity ≥15MΩ·cm, and the final water washing tank is equipped with a solenoid valve and a rotor flow meter.

9. The intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 7, characterized in that: The processing temperature of the tin protection station (G) is controlled at 20-30°C. Condensate is used as a heat source and indirect heating is achieved through coils to avoid direct contact between the heat source and the bath liquid. The hot pure water washing station (J) is covered with an 80mm thick rock wool insulation layer. The water temperature inside the tank is stably controlled at 50-55℃, and the water temperature fluctuation does not exceed ±1℃.

10. The intelligent tin plating process for copper busbars according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 7, characterized in that: The drying station (K) adopts a circulating air design of "top air outlet + bottom air exhaust". The circulating fan power is 7.5kW, the drying temperature is controlled at 50-55℃, the drying time is fixed at 5min, and there are at least 9 temperature measuring points in the drying chamber. The temperature difference between each point does not exceed 3℃. The drying station (K) is equipped with an electric heating auxiliary device that automatically starts when the steam heat source is insufficient.

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