Organic-inorganic composite terrazzo floor and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building decoration materials, and discloses an organic-inorganic composite terrazzo floor and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that a concrete base layer is treated; sequentially applying an epoxy permeation enhancement layer and laying an anti-crack buffer layer containing glass fiber cloth; paving an organic-inorganic composite millstone layer prepared by mixing an inorganic cementing material, an organic polymer, aggregate and a functional additive; and grinding the cured millstone layer, then applying a permeation type liquid sealing curing agent for chemical enhancement, and finally performing accurate grinding and polishing. Through the multi-layer synergistic structural design of'epoxy permeation-glass fiber reinforcement-composite surface layer ', the toughness of an organic polymer and the rigidity of an inorganic material are combined; and a compact cured layer is formed on the surface layer of the terrace through a subsequent chemical and physical dual enhancement process. The terrace prepared by the technical scheme effectively solves the problems that the traditional terrazzo is easy to crack and poor in stain resistance and wear resistance, and has excellent adhesive force, fireproof performance and decorative effect at the same time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building decoration materials, in particular to an organic-inorganic composite terrazzo floor and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a kind of seamless decorative floor material, the terrazzo floor has been widely used in public and commercial buildings due to its good integrity, strong designability of patterns and long service life.

[0003] The existing terrazzo floor technology mainly includes two categories: traditional cement-based terrazzo and epoxy terrazzo. The traditional cement-based terrazzo uses cement as a cementing material, which has the advantages of high hardness, low cost and good fire resistance. However, the essence of using cement as a cementing material leads to inherent technical defects. Due to the brittleness and low tensile strength of cement-based materials, the floor is prone to cracking under the effects of solidification shrinkage, substrate settlement or thermal expansion and contraction, which seriously affects the aesthetics and structural integrity of the floor. At the same time, the porous structure formed after solidification makes the surface lack of density, which is easy to be penetrated by pollutants, resulting in poor stain resistance and chemical resistance, and the surface gloss is difficult to maintain.

[0004] To solve the above problems, epoxy terrazzo floor with epoxy resin as a cementing material has emerged. Although the epoxy terrazzo has improved in toughness and impermeability, it has introduced new technical problems. For example, the fire resistance of organic resin materials is far inferior to that of inorganic materials, and some epoxy systems have the problem of aging yellowing under ultraviolet radiation. In addition, it has strict requirements on the dryness of the base layer, and the material cost is relatively high, which limits its application range.

[0005] Therefore, in the selection of floor materials, the existing technology often needs to make a choice between the hardness and fire resistance of inorganic materials and the toughness and impermeability of organic materials, and there is a lack of a technical solution that can combine the advantages of both and systematically solve the comprehensive problems of cracking, pollution and wear resistance. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides an organic-inorganic composite terrazzo floor and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problems of cracking, poor stain resistance of traditional cement-based terrazzo, and insufficient fire resistance and high cost of epoxy terrazzo.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present application realizes the following technical scheme: an organic-inorganic composite terrazzo floor, comprising: an epoxy permeation enhancement layer; a crack-resistant buffer layer; An organic-inorganic composite grinding stone layer made of a composition comprising cementitious material and aggregate, the composition comprising, by weight percentage: inorganic cementitious material 20-35%; organic polymer 3-8%; aggregate 55-70%; functional admixture 1.5-6%; A dense curing layer.

[0008] Preferably, the anti-cracking buffer layer is a composite layer made of epoxy mortar and glass fiber cloth, the glass fiber cloth having a unit area mass of 200-400 g / m2.

[0009] Preferably, the dense curing layer is a high-hardness dense structure formed by the reaction of a penetrating liquid sealing curing agent with the inorganic components in the organic-inorganic composite grinding stone layer.

[0010] Preferably, the inorganic cementitious material in the composition of the organic-inorganic composite grinding stone layer is one or more of sulphoaluminate cement, high-alumina cement or ordinary Portland cement; and the organic polymer is redispersible latex powder or epoxy resin emulsion.

[0011] Preferably, a method for preparing an organic-inorganic composite grinding stone floor comprises the following steps: S1. applying epoxy resin on a treated base layer to form an epoxy penetration reinforcement layer; S2. laying an anti-cracking buffer layer on the epoxy penetration reinforcement layer; S3. laying an organic-inorganic composite grinding stone layer on the anti-cracking buffer layer; S4. after the organic-inorganic composite grinding stone layer is cured and reaches a preset strength, performing rough grinding and medium grinding on the organic-inorganic composite grinding stone layer; S5. applying a penetrating liquid sealing curing agent on the floor surface after medium grinding and allowing it to fully react to form a dense curing layer; S6. performing fine grinding and polishing on the floor after reaction.

[0012] Preferably, the specific operation of laying the anti-cracking buffer layer in step S2 is as follows: first, a layer of epoxy mortar is spread, then a glass fiber cloth having a unit area mass of 200-400 g / m2 is laid and compacted, and then a layer of epoxy mortar is spread on the surface of the glass fiber cloth to completely soak the glass fiber cloth.

[0013] Preferably, the slurry used for laying the organic-inorganic composite grinding stone layer in step S3 comprises, by weight percentage: inorganic cementitious material 20-35%; organic polymer 3-8%; aggregate 55-70%; functional admixture 1.5-6%.

[0014] Preferably, the rough grinding in step S4 is performed using 50-150 mesh grinding sheet; in step S5, the active component of the penetrating liquid sealing curing agent is lithium silicate, and the floor surface is kept wet for 2-4 hours after application; the fine grinding in step S6 is performed using 300 mesh to 3000 mesh grinding sheet in sequence.

[0015] Preferably, the rough grinding in step S4 is performed using 16-30 mesh metal grinding sheet, and the grinding depth is 1-3 mm to expose the aggregate uniformly.

[0016] Preferably, the method further comprises applying a layer of polyurethane transparent wear-resistant coating as a protective finish on the floor surface after the fine grinding and polishing in step S5.

[0017] The present application provides an organic-inorganic composite grinding stone floor and a preparation method thereof. 1. The present application sets up a crack-resistant buffer layer composed of epoxy mortar and glass fiber cloth in the structure, effectively absorbs and disperses the shrinkage and vibration stress from the base layer by using the excellent tensile strength of the glass fiber cloth; at the same time, the introduction of organic polymers in the organic-inorganic composite grinding stone layer also gives the surface layer a certain toughness, and the two work together to solve the technical problem of easy cracking of traditional inorganic grinding stone due to brittleness from two aspects of structure and material, ensuring the long-term integrity of the floor.

[0018] 2. The organic-inorganic composite grinding stone layer of the present application uses a high proportion of inorganic cementing material as the main component, ensuring that the floor has high basic hardness and compressive strength, and the preparation method includes the step of applying a penetrating liquid sealing curing agent after grinding, which reacts with the inorganic components in the grinding stone layer to form high-hardness dense crystals, forming a dense curing layer, and the hardness and wear resistance of the floor surface are enhanced twice, which is much better than that of a pure epoxy resin floor.

[0019] 3. The present application forms a highly dense and dense curing layer by a multi-stage grinding and polishing process from rough grinding to fine grinding, combined with the effective filling and plugging of internal pores by the penetrating liquid sealing curing agent, and the finished floor product prepared by the present application has a very low surface porosity; this dense surface structure can effectively resist the penetration of oil, chemicals and other pollutants, making it easy to clean the floor, and significantly reducing the cost of cleaning and maintenance in the later stage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application. EMBODIMENT Embodiment 1:

[0021] The embodiment provides a preparation method of an organic-inorganic composite grinding stone floor, and specific steps and parameters are as follows. Base treatment: select concrete as the base. Use a floor grinder equipped with a 30# metal grinding plate to cross-grind the base, and remove a surface floating layer of about 2mm. After cleaning, V-shaped cutting is performed on cracks with a width greater than 0.2mm, and epoxy mortar is used for repair.

[0022] Applying an epoxy penetration reinforcing layer: the two-component epoxy penetration primer is mixed according to a weight ratio of A component:B component=3:1, and after stirring for 2 minutes by using an electric mixer, it is uniformly rolled on the base by using a roller, and the amount is 0.2kg / m². Curing for 10 hours in an environment of 25°C.

[0023] Laying a crack-resistant buffer layer: on the cured primer layer, a layer of epoxy mortar is scraped, and alkali-free twisted glass fiber mesh cloth with a unit area mass of 300g / m² is randomly laid, the lap width is 8cm, and the scraping plate is used for compaction and bubble removal. Then a layer of epoxy mortar is scraped on the surface to make it fully infiltrated. Curing for 18 hours in an environment of 25°C.

[0024] Epoxy resin stirring and sand, stone and shell proportioning: the proportion is glue 1, stone 15, uniform stirring, and paving and compaction, and after drying, the whole is grouted with ordinary Portland cement, redispersible latex powder and color powder, and can be grouted and compacted according to the design block: Sulfoaluminate cement: 26 parts; Redispersible latex powder: 5 parts; White marble aggregate with a particle size of 5-10mm: 63 parts (the aggregate is added on the stone); Functional additive: 6 parts; Water for mixing: 11 parts; The above slurry is paved on the crack-resistant buffer layer, and the thickness is controlled to be 15mm, and then compaction and leveling are performed.

[0025] Curing: 30 minutes after the construction is completed, the surface is covered with plastic film for moisture curing, and the curing time is 7 days.

[0026] Grinding and curing: Coarse grinding: dry grinding is performed by using a heavy grinder equipped with a 30# metal grinding plate, the grinding depth is about 2mm, and the aggregate is uniformly exposed.

[0027] Repairing and medium grinding: after dust collection, the special slurry is used for repairing surface holes, and after curing, 50# and 100# resin grinding plates are used for grinding in sequence.

[0028] Curing: after cleaning, the floor surface is uniformly sprayed with a penetration type liquid sealing curing agent with lithium silicate as the main active ingredient, the surface is kept wet, and reaction is performed for 3 hours.

[0029] Fine grinding and polishing: After the surface is dry, use resin abrasive discs of 300#, 500#, 1000# and 2000# in sequence for step-by-step fine grinding and polishing, and finally use a high-speed polishing machine with polishing liquid for final polishing treatment. Example 2:

[0030] This example provides a preparation method of an organic-inorganic composite terrazzo floor, with parameters taking the lower limit values in the scope of the claims, and the specific steps are as follows: Base treatment: same as Example 1.

[0031] Applying an epoxy penetration enhancement layer: mix the two-component epoxy penetration primer in a weight ratio of A component:B component=4:1, stir and then roll coat, with a dosage of 0.15 kg / m². Curing for 12 hours in an environment of 15°C.

[0032] Laying a crack-resistant cushion layer: on the cured primer layer, lay a glass fiber cloth with a unit area mass of 200 g / m² after batch scraping of epoxy mortar, with a lap width of 5 cm, and then batch scrape another layer of epoxy mortar after compaction. Curing for 24 hours in an environment of 15°C.

[0033] Laying an organic-inorganic composite terrazzo layer: mix the following components in the weight parts to prepare a slurry: Ordinary Portland cement: 20 parts; Epoxy resin emulsion: 6 parts; Quartz stone aggregate with a particle size of 1-8 mm: 55 parts (the aggregate is added on top of the stones); Functional admixture: 1.5 parts; Water for mixing: 7 parts; Spread the above slurry on the crack-resistant cushion layer, with a thickness controlled at 10 mm, and compact and level it.

[0034] Curing: after 60 minutes of construction completion, cover the surface with a curing blanket for moisture curing, with a curing time of 5 days.

[0035] Grinding and curing: Coarse grinding: use a heavy-duty grinder equipped with a 16# metal abrasive disc for dry grinding, with a grinding depth of about 1 mm.

[0036] Repairing and intermediate grinding: after repairing holes, use a 50# resin abrasive disc for grinding.

[0037] Curing: after cleaning, spray a penetration-type liquid sealing curing agent, keep the surface wet and react for 2 hours.

[0038] Fine grinding and polishing: after the surface is dry, use resin abrasive discs of 300#, 800# and 1500# in sequence for fine grinding and polishing.

[0039] Example 3: The embodiment provides a preparation method of an organic-inorganic composite grinding stone floor, parameters of which are taken as upper limit values in the range of the claims, and specific steps are as follows. Base treatment: same as example 1.

[0040] Application of an epoxy penetration reinforcing layer: two-component epoxy penetration primer is mixed in a weight ratio of A component:B component=2:1, and after stirring, is scraped and applied in an amount of 0.3 kg / m2. Curing is performed at 30 DEG C for 8 hours.

[0041] Laying of a crack-resistant cushion layer: after the cured primer layer, glass fiber cloth with a unit area mass of 400 g / m2 is laid on the epoxy mortar, the lap width is 10 cm, and after compaction, another layer of epoxy mortar is scraped. Curing is performed at 30 DEG C for 12 hours.

[0042] Laying of an organic-inorganic composite grinding stone layer: the following components in parts by weight are mixed to prepare a slurry: high-alumina cement: 35 parts; redispersible latex powder: 8 parts; colorful glass and shell mixed aggregate with a particle size of 3-15 mm: 70 parts (the aggregate is added on the stone); functional admixture: 6 parts; mixing water: 15 parts; The above slurry is spread on the crack-resistant cushion layer, and the thickness is controlled to be 20 mm, and is compacted and leveled.

[0043] Maintenance: 30 minutes after the completion of construction, plastic film is covered on the surface for moisture maintenance, and the maintenance time is 10 days.

[0044] Grinding and curing: Coarse grinding: dry grinding is performed using a heavy grinding machine equipped with a 30# metal grinding disc, and the grinding depth is about 3 mm.

[0045] Repairing and intermediate grinding: after repairing holes, 50# and 150# resin grinding discs are used in sequence for grinding.

[0046] Curing: after cleaning, a penetration type liquid sealing curing agent is sprayed, the surface is kept wet, and reaction is performed for 4 hours.

[0047] Fine grinding and polishing: after the surface is dried, resin grinding discs with numbers of 300#, 500#, 1000#, 2000# and 3000# are used in sequence for step-by-step fine grinding and polishing, and finally, final polishing treatment is performed.

[0048] Finishing treatment: after polishing is completed and thorough cleaning and drying are performed, a two-component aliphatic polyurethane transparent wear-resistant paint is roll-coated on the surface of the floor, the dry film thickness is controlled to be 50 μm, and natural curing is performed in a ventilated environment for 7 days.

[0049] Comparative Example: Comparative Example 1: Pure Inorganic Terrazzo Floor The difference compared with Example 1 is that: The epoxy penetration enhancement layer and the crack resistance buffer layer are cancelled: after the base treatment, the subsequent construction is directly carried out.

[0050] The organic polymer in the organic-inorganic composite terrazzo layer is removed: the components of the organic-inorganic composite terrazzo layer slurry are adjusted to: sulphoaluminate cement 33 parts, white marble aggregate with a particle size of 5-10 mm 63 parts, functional admixture 4 parts, and mixing water 11 parts.

[0051] The rest are the same as Example 1.

[0052] Comparative Example 2: Pure Epoxy Terrazzo Floor The difference compared with Example 1 is that: The inorganic cementitious material in the organic-inorganic composite terrazzo layer is cancelled: the organic-inorganic composite terrazzo layer slurry is changed to a pure epoxy terrazzo system based on epoxy resin. Specifically: after mixing two-component epoxy resin at a weight ratio of 4:1, 5-10 mm particle size white marble aggregate is added, and the weight ratio of epoxy resin to aggregate is 1:3.

[0053] The dense curing layer is cancelled: that is, during the grinding and curing steps, no penetration type liquid sealing curing agent is applied.

[0054] The rest are the same as Example 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 3: Organic-inorganic composite terrazzo floor without glass fiber cloth The difference compared with Example 1 is that: The glass fiber cloth in the crack resistance buffer layer is cancelled: the crack resistance buffer layer is only composed of epoxy mortar, that is, only epoxy mortar is batched and scraped on the epoxy penetration enhancement layer, and no glass fiber cloth is laid.

[0056] The rest are the same as Example 1.

[0057] Comparative Example 4: Organic-inorganic composite terrazzo floor without penetration curing agent The difference compared with Example 1 is that: The dense curing layer is cancelled: that is, during the grinding and curing steps, no penetration type liquid sealing curing agent is applied. After the intermediate grinding is completed, the fine grinding and polishing steps are directly entered.

[0058] The rest are the same as Example 1.

[0059] Test Example 1: Abrasion Resistance Test Experimental Method: This test case aims to determine and compare the abrasion resistance of floor samples prepared by the methods of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Examples 1, 2, 3 and 4.

[0060] The main equipment used is a multi-functional wear testing machine.

[0061] The experimental steps are as follows: Step 1: Sample preparation and conditioning The samples obtained by each preparation method were cut into test blocks with dimensions of 100mm×100mm×25mm. All test blocks were placed in an environment with a temperature of (23±2)℃ and a relative humidity of (50±5)% for 48 hours for conditioning.

[0062] Step 2: Initial mass measurement Using an electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.001g, each test block was weighed, and its initial mass was recorded. ).

[0063] Step 3: Perform wear test Mount the test block onto the worktable of the wear testing machine. Set the machine parameters: load 20N, grinding wheel speed 70r / min, and number of wear revolutions 1000. Start the equipment to wear the surface of the test block.

[0064] Step 4: Final Quality Measurement After the wear process is complete, remove the test block and use a soft brush to remove the wear debris and dust from its surface. Weigh it again using the same electronic balance and record its final mass. ).

[0065] Step 5: Data Calculation Mass loss per sample ( ) through formula The results were calculated. Three parallel test blocks were taken for each preparation method, and the arithmetic mean of the results was taken.

[0066] Experimental results: The specific data for each sample in the abrasion resistance test are recorded in Table 1.

[0067] Table 1. Abrasion resistance test results of flooring samples from various regions.

[0068] Results analysis: As shown in Table 1, the mass loss of samples 1, 2, and 3 was significantly lower than that of samples 1, 2, and 4. This result stems from the specific material structure and mechanism of action formed by the technical solution of this invention. In this solution, the organic-inorganic composite grinding stone layer has a matrix formed by the hydration of inorganic cementitious materials, providing a basic hardness skeleton. The introduced organic polymer fills the spaces between the inorganic hydration products, forming a cross-linked network structure. Based on this, by applying a penetrating liquid sealing and curing agent, its active silicate components penetrate into the matrix pores and undergo a secondary chemical reaction with the inorganic hydration products, generating a high-hardness calcium silicate hydrate filler. This filler significantly reduces the porosity of the material, forming a dual densification structure of physical filling and chemical bonding, thereby greatly improving the density and hardness of the floor surface, reducing material peeling when subjected to external wear.

[0069] Comparative Example 2 uses a pure organic polymer as the cementing material. Its Mohs hardness is lower than that of the inorganic hydration products, and its molecular chains are easily broken and removed under external force, thus exhibiting the greatest mass loss. Comparative Example 1 is a pure inorganic system. Although it possesses a certain basic hardness, due to the lack of toughening by the organic polymer and the secondary filling reaction of the penetrating curing agent, it has more capillary pores and insufficient structural density, resulting in lower wear resistance than the example samples. This set of comparative data demonstrates the structural advantage of the organic-inorganic composite system over the single system in terms of wear resistance.

[0070] The only difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 is that it was not treated with a penetrating liquid sealing and curing agent. Its mass loss was significantly higher than that of Example 1, but similar to that of Comparative Example 1. This directly indicates that the dense cured layer generated by the secondary chemical reaction is a key technical step in achieving high wear resistance. The wear resistance data of Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 are basically the same, indicating that the fiberglass cloth in the crack-resistant buffer layer mainly contributes to the crack resistance of the system, with little impact on surface wear resistance. The comparison confirms that this solution effectively improves the wear resistance of the flooring through a combination of organic and inorganic materials and a dual chemical and physical reinforcement process.

[0071] Test Example 2: Surface Hardness Test Experimental methods: This test case aims to determine and compare the surface hardness of floor samples prepared by the methods of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Examples 1, 2, 3 and 4.

[0072] The main equipment used was a Shore hardness tester.

[0073] The experimental steps are as follows: Step 1: Sample preparation and conditioning The samples obtained by each preparation method were cut into test blocks with dimensions of 100mm×100mm×25mm. All test blocks were placed in an environment with a temperature of (23±2)℃ and a relative humidity of (50±5)% for 48 hours for conditioning.

[0074] Step 2: Hardness Measurement Press the indenter foot of the Shore hardness tester firmly onto the surface of the test block, ensuring the indenter is fully depressed into the block within one second, and immediately read the reading on the hardness tester. Perform five measurements on each test block at different locations, with a minimum distance of 6 mm between each measurement point and a minimum distance of 12 mm from the edge of the test block.

[0075] Step 3: Data Recording Record the hardness value for each measurement. Three parallel test blocks were taken for each preparation method, and the final result was the arithmetic mean of all measurements.

[0076] Experimental results: The specific data for surface hardness testing of each sample are recorded in Table 2.

[0077] Table 2. Surface Shore D hardness test results of various flooring samples.

[0078] Results analysis: As shown in Table 2, the average Shore D hardness values ​​of samples from Examples 1, 2, and 3 are all higher than those of Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 4. This result is directly related to the material structure and processing technology of this invention. This solution utilizes an organic-inorganic composite grinding stone layer, with high-hardness inorganic aggregates and inorganic cementitious materials as the main structure, providing the material with the fundamental ability to resist indentation and scratching. Furthermore, the penetrating liquid sealing and curing agent applied in the examples allows its active ingredients to penetrate into the microporous structure of the composite grinding stone layer and chemically react with the calcium components therein, generating highly dense silicate gel products. These products fill the original pores and further enhance the hardness of the matrix. This synergistic effect of physical filling and chemical strengthening results in a higher Shore D hardness for the flooring surface prepared by this invention.

[0079] Comparative Example 2 uses epoxy resin as the main cementing material. Its molecular chain structure is relatively flexible, and its resistance to indentation deformation is lower than that of inorganic crystal structures, resulting in a significantly lower Shore D hardness compared to all samples containing inorganic cementing materials. Comparative Example 1 is a pure inorganic system. Although its hardness is higher than that of a pure epoxy system, its internal pore structure was not sufficiently densified, and its hardness is still lower than that of the example samples strengthened by the penetrating curing agent. This set of comparative data demonstrates the importance of the inorganic components and their hardening mechanism in improving surface hardness in organic-inorganic composite systems.

[0080] Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 differ only in composition in that the latter lacks the penetrating liquid sealing and curing agent treatment step. The hardness value of Comparative Example 4 is lower than that of Example 1, directly demonstrating the crucial role of the secondary reaction induced by the penetrating curing agent in improving the surface hardness of the floor. The hardness data of Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 are similar, indicating that the presence or absence of fiberglass cloth in the crack-resistant buffer layer has little impact on the surface hardness of the floor. This series of comparisons confirms that this solution, through the combination of organic and inorganic composite materials and post-treatment processes, effectively improves the surface hardness of the floor. Test Example 3: Crack Resistance Test Experimental methods: This test case aims to determine and compare the crack resistance of floor samples prepared by the methods of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 3.

[0081] The main equipment used is a high and low temperature alternating damp heat test chamber.

[0082] The experimental steps are as follows: Step 1: Sample preparation and conditioning The samples obtained by each preparation method were cut into test blocks with dimensions of 300mm×300mm×25mm. All test blocks were placed in an environment with a temperature of (23±2)℃ and a relative humidity of (50±5)% for 72 hours for conditioning.

[0083] Step 2: Initial State Check Before the test began, the surface of each test block was thoroughly inspected using a 10x magnifying glass to confirm and record that its initial state was free of any visible cracks.

[0084] Step 3: Perform temperature cycling test Place the test block in a high and low temperature alternating damp heat test chamber and perform cyclic testing according to the following procedure: First, the temperature inside the chamber is lowered from 20°C to -20°C within 1 hour, and maintained at this temperature for 4 hours.

[0085] Then, the temperature inside the chamber was raised from -20°C to 60°C within 1 hour and maintained at this temperature for 4 hours.

[0086] The above process is counted as one loop. A total of 20 loops are executed.

[0087] Step 4: Process Observation and Result Recording After completing the 5th, 10th, 15th, and 20th cycles, remove the test block and allow it to return to room temperature. Then, examine its surface condition using a 10x magnifying glass. Record the number of cycles at which a visible crack first appears. If no crack appears after 20 cycles, record it as "no cracking".

[0088] Experimental results: The specific results of each sample in the crack resistance test are recorded in Table 3.

[0089] Table 3. Cracking resistance results of flooring samples from various regions in temperature cycling tests.

[0090] Results analysis: Table 3 shows that the samples in Examples 1, 2, and 3 did not show any cracks after 20 high and low temperature cycles, while the samples in Comparative Examples 1 and 3 cracked during the test. This phenomenon directly reflects the mechanism of action of the present invention in terms of structural design and material composites. This solution incorporates a crack-resistant buffer layer composed of epoxy mortar and fiberglass cloth in the floor structure. When the sample is subjected to temperature changes, deformation stress is generated due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the base layer and the surface layer. This stress is first transferred to the crack-resistant buffer layer. The fiberglass cloth in this layer has high tensile strength, which can effectively disperse concentrated stress to a wider area, avoiding cracking caused by stress concentration. Simultaneously, the organic polymer added to the organic-inorganic composite terrazzo layer forms a flexible connection within the rigid network of the inorganic cementitious material, improving the material's toughness and deformation capacity, and absorbing some of the micro-stress generated by temperature changes.

[0091] Comparative Example 1 is a purely inorganic system, exhibiting rigid and brittle characteristics, and lacks a crack-resistant buffer layer. Under temperature-induced stress, the material cannot effectively dissipate and transfer stress. When the accumulated stress exceeds its tensile strength, microcracks rapidly form and propagate, leading to failure by the fifth cycle. The comparative results confirm the necessity of the composite structure and composite material in this scheme for resisting temperature-induced cracking.

[0092] Compared to Example 1, Comparative Example 3 does not contain fiberglass cloth in its structure. Although its terrazzo layer contains organic polymers, which possess a certain degree of toughness, making its crack resistance higher than that of the purely inorganic Comparative Example 1, without the macroscopic reinforcement of fiberglass cloth, the toughness of the material itself is insufficient to resist the cumulative stress generated by 20 cycles. The fiberglass cloth in the crack-resistant buffer layer is a key structure for bearing and dispersing the main stress, and its presence is a decisive factor in achieving long-term crack resistance of the flooring. This series of comparisons confirms that this solution, through the combination of structural layering design and material toughness improvement, effectively solves the technical problem of flooring cracking due to temperature changes.

[0093] Test Example 4: Fire Resistance Test Experimental methods: This test case aims to determine and compare the combustion performance of floor samples prepared by the methods of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

[0094] The main equipment used is a single-unit combustion test device.

[0095] The experimental steps are as follows: Step 1: Sample preparation and conditioning The samples obtained by each preparation method were cut into main wing specimens with dimensions of (1500±5) mm × (1000±5) mm × (25±2) mm and secondary wing specimens with dimensions of (1500±5) mm × (495±5) mm × (25±2) mm. All specimens were placed in an environment with a temperature of (23±2) ℃ and a relative humidity of (50±5)% until a constant weight was achieved.

[0096] Step 2: Sample Installation The conditioned main wing and secondary wing samples are mounted on the sample trolley of the test apparatus to form a vertical right angle.

[0097] Step 3: Perform the combustion test Push the sample cart into the test frame. Start the exhaust system and measurement system. Ignite the corner of the sample using a propane triangular sandbox burner with a power of (30.7±2.0) kW. The test duration is 20 minutes.

[0098] Step 4: Data Collection and Observation Throughout the experiment, key parameters such as heat release rate, total heat release, smoke production rate, and total smoke production were continuously recorded. Simultaneously, the lateral spread of the flame and the presence of burning droplets were visually observed and recorded.

[0099] Step 5: Performance Grading Based on the collected data, the fire growth rate index and smoke generation rate index are calculated. Combined with the flame spread and combustion dripping conditions, the final standard classifies the combustion performance of the samples.

[0100] Experimental results: The key parameters and final grading results of each sample in the combustion performance test are recorded in Table 4.

[0101] Table 4. Combustion performance test results of various flooring samples.

[0102] Note: Grade B corresponds to Grade B1, and Grade C corresponds to Grade B2. s1 / s2 represent the smoke production grade, and d0 / d1 represent the combustion dripping grade.

[0103] Results analysis: As shown in Table 4, the combustion performance ratings of samples from Examples 1, 2, and 3 are all B-s1,d0, while the rating of Comparative Example 2 is C-s2,d1, and the rating of Comparative Example 1 is A. This difference directly reflects the decisive role of material components in their combustion behavior. The organic-inorganic composite grinding stone layer of this invention is mainly composed of 55%–70% inorganic aggregate and 20%–35% inorganic cementitious material by weight. These inorganic components are chemically non-flammable and do not participate in the combustion reaction during the combustion test, forming a stable structural framework. This framework occupies the majority of the volume and mass of the material, thereby effectively diluting the combustible organic polymer components.

[0104] Comparative Example 2 is a pure organic system with epoxy resin as the sole cementing material, and its flammable component content is much higher than that of the Example sample. Under the influence of an ignition source, the epoxy resin undergoes pyrolysis and continues to burn, resulting in a significantly higher heat release rate and total heat release, and the flame spreads laterally, ultimately being rated as Class C. Comparative Example 1 is a pure inorganic system containing no organic flammable materials, and therefore did not burn during the test, obtaining the highest non-combustible rating of Class A. This comparison clearly shows that the content of inorganic components in a material is the key factor determining its flammability rating.

[0105] The example sample, by combining a small amount of organic polymer with a large amount of inorganic material, exhibits overall combustion performance far superior to a purely organic system. In the experiment, the inorganic matrix acted as a thermal barrier and inhibitor, suppressing flame propagation within the organic phase and limiting the pyrolysis process, thus maintaining a low fire growth rate index and ultimately achieving the standard for Class B flame-retardant materials. This solution, through the design of an organic-inorganic composite material, achieves the physical properties, such as toughness, imparted by organic materials while maintaining high fire safety performance approaching that of inorganic materials.

[0106] Test Example 5: Stain Resistance Test Experimental methods: This test case aims to determine and compare the stain resistance of floor samples prepared by the methods of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 4.

[0107] The experimental steps are as follows: Step 1: Sample preparation and conditioning The samples obtained by each preparation method were cut into test blocks with dimensions of 100mm×100mm×25mm. All test blocks were placed in an environment with a temperature of (23±2)℃ and a relative humidity of (50±5)% for 48 hours for conditioning.

[0108] Step 2: Applying pollutants Three common contaminants were selected: coffee solution, soy sauce, and engine oil. Using a pipette, 0.5 mL of each contaminant was added to the surface of each sample. The droplets were covered with a 25 mm diameter petri dish to prevent rapid evaporation.

[0109] Step 3: Let stand The test block with the contaminant applied was left to stand for 24 hours under standard laboratory conditions.

[0110] Step 4: Cleaning After settling, remove the petri dish. First, wipe away any contaminants with a dry cotton cloth, then wipe with a cotton cloth dampened with a neutral detergent solution, and finally wipe clean with a cotton cloth dampened with water, and dry with a dry cloth.

[0111] Step 5: Result Evaluation After cleaning, immediately visually inspect the surface of the test block under natural light. Assess the severity of any remaining contaminants according to the following 5-level standard: Level 5: No visible changes.

[0112] Level 4: Very slight traces are present, which can only be discerned by observing from a specific angle.

[0113] Level 3: Slight traces are present.

[0114] Level 2: Obvious traces are visible.

[0115] Level 1: Severe traces, surface structure may be slightly altered.

[0116] Experimental results: The specific evaluation results of each sample in the stain resistance test are recorded in Table 5.

[0117] Table 5. Results of stain resistance tests on flooring samples from various regions.

[0118] Results analysis: As shown in Table 5, the stain resistance ratings of samples 1, 2, and 3 are generally higher than those of samples 1, 2, and 4 (Comparative Examples). This directly reflects the dense surface structure formed by the present invention. This method, through multiple passes of mechanical grinding and polishing, first physically smooths the floor surface and closes most of the large pores. The subsequently applied penetrating liquid sealant and hardener, with its active ingredients penetrating into the capillary network of the material surface, chemically reacts with the hydration products of the inorganic cementitious material to generate a water-insoluble silicate gel. This gel product fills and seals the micropores and channels. This synergistic effect of physical grinding and chemical filling results in a dense, hardened layer with extremely low porosity, effectively preventing the penetration of external liquid contaminants.

[0119] Comparative Example 1 is a pure inorganic system. Due to cement hydration, numerous capillary pores naturally formed within it. These pores provided direct penetration channels for liquid contaminants, allowing colored liquids such as coffee and soy sauce to seep into the material and become difficult to remove completely. Therefore, it received the lowest rating. Comparative Example 2 is a pure epoxy system. The continuous organic coating formed on its surface can resist the penetration of water-based contaminants to some extent, but its resistance to organic solvents such as engine oil is weak. Contaminants may cause surface swelling or softening, leaving traces.

[0120] A direct comparison between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 best illustrates the decisive role of the chemical densification step. The only difference in the process is whether or not a penetrating liquid sealant and curing agent is applied. Comparative Example 4, having only undergone mechanical grinding, still retains a large number of micropores on its surface that cannot be eliminated by mechanical means, thus its stain resistance level is significantly lower than that of Example 1. This data difference confirms that it is the dense cured layer formed by the secondary reaction triggered by the penetrating curing agent that elevates the stain resistance of the floor surface to a new level. This series of comparisons confirms that this solution, through a process combining mechanical grinding and chemical sealing, effectively reduces the porosity of the floor surface, thereby achieving excellent stain resistance.

[0121] Test Example 6: Adhesion Test Experimental methods: This test case aims to determine and compare the adhesion between the floor samples prepared by the methods of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3 and the substrate.

[0122] The main equipment used was a pull-out adhesion tester.

[0123] The experimental steps are as follows: Step 1: Sample preparation and conditioning The samples obtained by each preparation method were cut into test blocks with dimensions of 300mm×300mm×50mm. All test blocks were placed in an environment with a temperature of (23±2)℃ and a relative humidity of (50±5)% for 48 hours for conditioning.

[0124] Step 2: Surface treatment and attachment of the drawing head On the surface of each test block, use a diamond cutter to cut a circular area with a diameter of 20mm, cutting to the surface of the substrate. Ensure that no other damage is caused to the sample during cutting. Clean the cut area and use epoxy adhesive to attach the pull-out head to the center of the circular area.

[0125] Step 3: Adhesive curing Place the test block with the attached pull head in an environment with a temperature of (23±2)℃ and a relative humidity of (50±5)% for 24 hours to ensure that the adhesive is completely cured.

[0126] Step 4: Pull-out test performed Fix the test block on the worktable of the pull-out adhesion tester. Connect the tensile clamp of the tester to the pull-out head, ensuring that the tensile force direction is perpendicular to the surface of the test block. Apply tensile force at a rate of (1.0±0.2) MPa / s until the subfloor separates from the substrate or the subfloor itself fails.

[0127] Step 5: Data Recording Record the maximum tensile force value when the floor layer separates or fails. Calculate the adhesion value based on the pull-out head area. Simultaneously, observe and record the interface type of failure. For each preparation method, three parallel test blocks are taken, and the results are the arithmetic mean.

[0128] Experimental results: The specific data for each sample in the adhesion test are recorded in Table 6.

[0129] Table 6 Adhesion test results between various flooring samples and the substrate

[0130] Results analysis: As shown in Table 6, the average adhesion values ​​of samples 1, 2, and 3 were significantly higher than those of samples 1 and 2 in Comparative Examples, and their failure mode was substrate failure. This indicates that the bond strength between the floor layer and the substrate exceeded the strength of the substrate concrete itself. The technical solution of this invention first applies an epoxy penetrating reinforcement layer after substrate treatment. This epoxy primer has low viscosity characteristics, enabling it to penetrate into the capillary pores of the substrate concrete. After curing, it forms a mechanical anchoring effect. Simultaneously, the molecular structure of the epoxy resin forms chemical bonds with the polar groups of silicates on the concrete surface, thereby forming strong physical adsorption and chemical adhesion. This dual effect ensures a high-strength bond between the floor layer and the substrate.

[0131] Comparative Example 1 sample was a pure inorganic system without an epoxy penetration reinforcement layer. Its adhesion mainly relied on the physical adsorption between the inorganic terrazzo layer and the base concrete, and the mutual penetration of hydration products. Due to the lack of epoxy resin penetration anchoring and chemical bonding, its adhesion was significantly lower than that of the example sample, and the failure type was adhesive failure, i.e., separation occurred at the interface, confirming its insufficient interfacial bond strength.

[0132] Comparative Example 2 is a pure epoxy graphite system. Although it also contains an epoxy primer, its terrazzo layer lacks the synergistic effect between the inorganic cementitious material and the substrate. Furthermore, organic systems may experience interfacial stress concentration under long-term stress or temperature changes, leading to cohesive failure—that is, damage occurs within the epoxy terrazzo layer—indicating that its overall strength and adhesion strength are lower than those of the example. This set of comparative data demonstrates the crucial role of the epoxy penetration reinforcement layer in establishing a high-strength bond between the flooring and the substrate.

[0133] The adhesion data of Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 are similar, and the failure type in both cases is substrate failure. This indicates that whether or not the crack-resistant buffer layer contains fiberglass cloth has no significant impact on the adhesion between the flooring system and the substrate. This series of comparisons confirms that this solution, through the application of an epoxy penetration reinforcement layer, effectively solves the technical problem of insufficient adhesion between the flooring and the substrate, ensuring the integrity and long-term stability of the flooring system.

Claims

1. An organic-inorganic composite terrazzo floor, characterized in that, Its structure, from the base layer to the surface layer, includes the following: Epoxy permeation reinforcement layer; Crack-resistant buffer layer; An organic-inorganic composite grinding stone layer, wherein the organic-inorganic composite grinding stone layer is made of a composition comprising cementitious materials and aggregates, and by weight percentage, the composition comprises: 20%–35% inorganic cementitious materials; 3%–8% organic polymers; 55%–70% aggregates; and 1.5%–6% functional additives. Dense cured layer.

2. The organic-inorganic composite terrazzo flooring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crack-resistant buffer layer is a composite layer composed of epoxy putty and fiberglass cloth, and the unit area mass of the fiberglass cloth is 200-400 g / m².

3. The organic-inorganic composite terrazzo flooring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dense cured layer is a high-hardness, dense structure formed by the reaction of a penetrating liquid sealing curing agent with the inorganic components in the organic-inorganic composite grinding stone layer.

4. The organic-inorganic composite terrazzo flooring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inorganic cementing material in the organic-inorganic composite grinding stone layer composition is one or more of sulfoaluminate cement, high-alumina cement, or ordinary silicate cement; the organic polymer is redispersible latex powder or epoxy resin emulsion.

5. A method for preparing an organic-inorganic composite terrazzo floor, as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Apply epoxy resin to the treated substrate to form an epoxy penetration reinforcement layer; S2. Lay a crack-resistant buffer layer on the epoxy permeation reinforcement layer; S3. An organic-inorganic composite grinding stone layer is laid on the crack-resistant buffer layer; S4. After the organic-inorganic composite grinding stone layer has been cured and reached the preset strength, it is subjected to coarse grinding and medium grinding. S5. Apply a penetrating liquid sealant and hardener to the surface of the floor after intermediate grinding, and allow it to react fully to form a dense cured layer; S6. Grind and polish the reacted floor.

6. The method for preparing an organic-inorganic composite terrazzo floor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific operation of laying the crack-resistant buffer layer in step S2 is as follows: first, apply a layer of epoxy mortar, then lay a glass fiber cloth with a unit area mass of 200-400g / m² and compact it, and then apply another layer of epoxy mortar on its surface to completely impregnate the glass fiber cloth.

7. The method for preparing an organic-inorganic composite terrazzo floor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The slurry used in step S3 to lay the organic-inorganic composite terrazzo layer comprises, by weight percentage: 20%–35% inorganic cementitious material; 3%–8% organic polymer; 55%–70% aggregate; and 1.5%–6% functional additives.

8. The method for preparing an organic-inorganic composite terrazzo floor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The intermediate grinding in step S4 is performed using 50-150 mesh grinding discs; in step S5, the active ingredient of the penetrating liquid sealant is lithium silicate, and the floor surface is kept moist for 2-4 hours after application; the fine grinding in step S6 is performed sequentially using 300- to 3000 mesh grinding discs.

9. The method for preparing an organic-inorganic composite terrazzo floor according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S4, coarse grinding uses 16-30 mesh metal grinding discs, with a grinding depth of 1-3 mm to ensure uniform exposure of the aggregate.

10. The method for preparing an organic-inorganic composite terrazzo floor according to claim 5, characterized in that, After fine grinding and polishing in step S5, the method further includes applying a layer of transparent polyurethane wear-resistant coating as a protective cover layer to the floor surface.

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