Biomass positive pressure feeding system

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass positive pressure feeding system, and relates to the technical field of biomass power generation. The device comprises a feeding bin, a conveying mechanism and a conveying pipe which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a feeding port of the conveying mechanism is communicated with a discharging port of the feeding bin, a discharging port of the conveying mechanism is communicated with a feeding port of the conveying pipe, a discharging port of the conveying pipe is communicated with a hearth, and a discharging port of the feeding bin and the feeding port of the conveying pipe are distributed on the same horizontal plane at intervals. The slidable extrusion part arranged in the conveying pipe can compact the biomass materials to form a compact sealing layer while pushing the biomass materials, the sealing layer can effectively block an airflow channel between a hearth and a feeding system, high pressure in the furnace can be resisted under the positive pressure working condition, high-temperature combustible smoke is prevented from flowing back to the feeding system to cause ignition and explosion, and the service life of the furnace is prolonged. And for negative pressure and normal pressure working conditions, dynamic sealing can be achieved through biomass material compaction, the safety of system operation is greatly improved, and the use requirements of the multi-pressure working conditions are met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of biomass power generation, in particular to a biomass positive pressure feeding system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Biomass power generation technology is an energy-saving and environment-friendly advanced power generation technology, which is currently divided into three kinds of power generation technologies, namely biomass direct combustion, mixed combustion and biomass gasification. The above technologies have high requirements for the continuity, stability and safety of biomass feeding. If the feeding system has problems, it will not only affect the operation of the biomass incinerator or the biomass gasification furnace, but also cause accidents such as fire and even explosion in the feeding system.

[0003] Generally, the biomass is transported by screw feeding, but the sealing performance of the screw feeding is poor, and the high-temperature flue gas in the furnace is easy to backflow into the feeding system and cause fire, especially for the positive pressure gasification furnace, which contains a large amount of combustible gas (such as carbon monoxide, methane, hydrogen, etc.) in the flue gas. If it backflows into the feeding system, it may cause explosion. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problem of poor sealing performance of screw feeding and easy explosion. Further, a biomass positive pressure feeding system is provided.

[0005] The technical scheme of the present application is: a biomass positive pressure feeding system, comprising: a feeding bin, a conveying mechanism and a transmission pipe which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the feeding port of the conveying mechanism is in communication with the discharging port of the feeding bin, the discharging port of the conveying mechanism is in communication with the feeding port of the transmission pipe, and the discharging port of the transmission pipe is in communication with the hearth.

[0006] The discharging port of the feeding bin and the feeding port of the transmission pipe are spaced apart at the same horizontal plane, and the conveying mechanism is horizontally arranged between the discharging port of the feeding bin and the feeding port of the transmission pipe.

[0007] The transmission pipe is provided with a slidable extrusion piece, which is used to compact and push the biomass material into the hearth.

[0008] Further, the conveying mechanism comprises a rotatable conveying piece, and the conveying of the biomass material is realized by the rotation of the conveying piece.

[0009] Further, the conveying piece is a spiral blade.

[0010] Further, the middle region of the transmission pipe has a sub-pipe extending upward, and the top of the sub-pipe forms the feeding port of the transmission pipe.

[0011] Further, the sub-pipe is a reverse conical pipe.

[0012] Further, the branch pipe is internally provided with a first plug plate, the first plug plate is horizontally arranged, the first plug plate is linked with the extrusion piece, when the extrusion piece advances, the first plug plate moves towards the inside of the branch pipe, when the extrusion piece retreats, the first plug plate moves towards the outside of the branch pipe.

[0013] Further, the transmission pipe is internally provided with a second plug plate, the second plug plate is vertically arranged, the second plug plate is linked with the extrusion piece, when the extrusion piece advances, the second plug plate moves towards the outside of the transmission pipe, when the extrusion piece retreats, the second plug plate moves towards the inside of the transmission pipe.

[0014] Further, the extrusion piece is a piston installed in a hydraulic machine.

[0015] Further, a cooling pipe is sleeved on the transmission pipe near the area of the hearth, and the cooling pipe contains flowable cooling medium.

[0016] Further, a rotatable stirring rod is arranged in the feeding bin.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the biomass positive pressure feeding system has the following effects:

[0018] 1. The biomass positive pressure feeding system provided by the application adopts the layout that the discharge port of the feeding bin and the feeding port of the transmission pipe are distributed at the same horizontal plane, and the conveying mechanism is horizontally arranged, so that the biomass material is prevented from being compacted in advance due to gravity concentration falling, the slidable extrusion piece arranged in the transmission pipe can compact the biomass material to form a dense sealing layer while pushing the biomass material, the sealing layer can effectively block the airflow channel between the hearth and the feeding system, for the positive pressure working condition, the sealing layer can resist the high pressure in the furnace and prevent the high-temperature flammable smoke gas from backflowing to the feeding system to cause fire or explosion, for the negative pressure or normal pressure working condition, the sealing layer can also realize dynamic sealing through biomass material compaction, thereby greatly improving the safety of system operation and adapting to the use requirements of multiple pressure working conditions.

[0019] 2. The biomass positive pressure feeding system provided by the application can avoid mechanical jamming, biomass material winding and clogging, and can also realize stable and continuous feeding of biomass material and accurate measurement of the feeding amount of biomass material, thereby ensuring the safety of the system.

[0020] 3. The biomass positive pressure feeding system provided by the application is not only suitable for negative pressure, micro-negative pressure and normal pressure biomass boilers, but also suitable for positive pressure biomass boilers or gasification furnaces, can effectively avoid backflow of high-temperature smoke gas, and has a wide range of applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application.

[0022] In the figure: 1, feed bin; 2, conveying mechanism; 3, conveying pipe; 4, furnace; 5, extrusion piece; 6, branch pipe; 7, first plugboard; 8, second plugboard; 9, cooling pipe; 10, stirring rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] DETAILED DESCRIPTION Figure 1 In this embodiment, the feed bin 1, the conveying mechanism 2 and the conveying pipe 3 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the feed inlet of the conveying mechanism 2 is in communication with the discharge outlet of the feed bin 1, the discharge outlet of the conveying mechanism 2 is in communication with the feed inlet of the conveying pipe 3, the discharge outlet of the conveying pipe 3 is in communication with the furnace 4, the discharge outlet of the feed bin 1 and the feed inlet of the conveying pipe 3 are distributed at the same horizontal plane, the conveying mechanism 2 is horizontally arranged between the discharge outlet of the feed bin 1 and the feed inlet of the conveying pipe 3, and the conveying pipe 3 is provided with a slidable extrusion piece 5, which is used to compact and push the biomass material into the furnace 4.

[0024] The biomass positive pressure feeding system provided by this embodiment adopts the layout that the discharge outlet of the feed bin 1 and the feed inlet of the conveying pipe 3 are distributed at the same horizontal plane and the conveying mechanism 2 is horizontally arranged, which avoids the biomass material from being compacted in advance due to gravity concentration falling, the slidable extrusion piece 5 arranged in the conveying pipe 3 can compact the biomass material to form a dense sealing layer while pushing the biomass material, the sealing layer can effectively block the airflow channel between the furnace 4 and the feeding system, for the positive pressure working condition, it can resist the high pressure in the furnace and prevent the high-temperature combustible flue gas from backflowing to the feeding system to cause fire or explosion, for the negative pressure or normal pressure working condition, it can also realize dynamic sealing through the compaction of the biomass material, which greatly improves the safety of the system operation and meets the use requirements of multiple pressure working conditions.

[0025] DETAILED DESCRIPTION Figure 1 In this embodiment, the conveying mechanism 2 includes a rotatable conveying piece, the conveying piece is connected with a motor, and the motor drives the rotation of the conveying piece, so that the rotatable conveying piece drives the movement of the biomass material through the rotation power. Compared with the conveying mode that simply relies on gravity or pushing force, the biomass material can be actively driven to move forward, the residence of the biomass material in the conveying path is reduced, and the conveying rate is improved. The other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0026] DETAILED DESCRIPTION Figure 1This embodiment differs from Specific Embodiment Two in that the conveying component is a helical blade. The continuous helical structure of the helical blade can both cut and push the biomass, especially for biomass with long, thin fibers that are prone to sticking together (such as straw and vines). It can effectively prevent the biomass from tangling on the conveying component, solving the tangling and clogging problem of traditional conveying mechanism 2. The conveying capacity of the helical blade is positively correlated with the rotation speed. By adjusting the speed, the feed rate can be initially controlled, providing a structural basis for accurate metering and facilitating matching with the load requirements of the furnace 4 or gasifier. Other components and connections are the same as in Specific Embodiment Two.

[0027] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figure 1 This embodiment differs from Specific Embodiment 1 in that the middle region of the transmission pipe 3 has an upwardly extending branch pipe 6. The top of the branch pipe 6 forms the feed inlet of the transmission pipe 3. The branch pipe 6 and the transmission pipe 3 are integrally formed. The upwardly extending branch pipe 6 forms an independent biomass transition cavity. The biomass output from the conveying mechanism 2 can be temporarily buffered within the branch pipe 6 to prevent direct impact on the interior of the transmission pipe 3, reducing biomass splashing and residue. Other components and connections are the same as in Specific Embodiment 1.

[0028] Specific Implementation Method Five: Combining Figure 1 This embodiment differs from Specific Embodiment Four in that the branch pipe 6 is an inverted conical pipe, with its diameter gradually increasing from top to bottom. In traditional straight or converging branch pipes 6, biomass (especially high-fiber, high-moisture, or unevenly sized biomass) is prone to bridging and blockage due to friction exceeding gravity and particle jamming. The inverted conical structure, with its gradually increasing diameter, provides more space for the biomass during its descent, preventing particle compression and jamming. Simultaneously, under gravity, the biomass slides down the conical wall in a diffused manner, reducing contact pressure and friction between the biomass and the pipe wall. This structurally eliminates the risk of bridging, ensuring smooth descent and continuous feeding. Other components and connections are the same as in Specific Embodiment Four.

[0029] Specific Implementation Method Six: Combination Figure 1This embodiment differs from specific embodiment four in that a first insert plate 7 is inserted into the branch pipe 6. The first insert plate 7 is horizontally positioned and is linked to the extruder 5. When the extruder 5 advances, the first insert plate 7 moves towards the inside of the branch pipe 6; when the extruder 5 retracts, the first insert plate 7 moves towards the outside of the branch pipe 6. The first insert plate 7 and the extruder 5 are directly connected, forming a linkage control. When the extruder 5 advances (pushes biomass), the first insert plate 7 moves towards the inside of the branch pipe 6 to close the feed inlet, preventing the high-pressure airflow or biomass in the transmission pipe 3 from flowing back through the branch pipe 6. When the extruder 5 retracts (replenishes biomass), the first insert plate 7 moves outward to open the feed inlet, ensuring the smooth entry of biomass. The mechanical insert plate seal, combined with the biomass compaction seal, provides double protection, completely blocking the airflow path. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiment four.

[0030] Specific implementation method seven: Combining Figure 1 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that a second insert plate 8 is inserted into the transmission pipe 3. The second insert plate 8 is vertically positioned and is linked to the extruder 5. When the extruder 5 advances, the second insert plate 8 moves towards the outside of the transmission pipe 3; when the extruder 5 retracts, the second insert plate 8 moves towards the inside of the transmission pipe 3. The second insert plate 8 is connected to the extruder 5 through a transmission mechanism, which can be a slanted slider assembly, a gear rack, etc. The second insert plate 8, vertically positioned within the transmission pipe 3, forms a spatially misaligned seal with the horizontal first insert plate 7. When the extruder 5 retracts to replenish material, the second insert plate 8 closes, blocking the passage between the transmission pipe 3 and the furnace 4, while the first insert plate 7 opens to replenish material. When the extruder 5 advances to feed material, the second insert plate 8 opens and the first insert plate 7 closes. The interlocking action of the two insert plates forms a graded protection system. Even if one insert plate fails, the other can still ensure a basic seal, significantly improving system safety redundancy. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiment one.

[0031] Specific implementation method eight: Combination Figure 1 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that the extruder 5 is a piston installed inside a hydraulic press. The hydraulic press provides a large and stable driving force, which can compact the biomass into a high-density sealing layer. Even under the high-pressure environment of a positive pressure furnace, the sealing layer can be guaranteed not to be punctured, thus completely solving the problem of flue gas backflow. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiment one.

[0032] Specific Implementation Method Nine: Combining Figure 1This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that it further includes a cooling pipe 9, which is fitted onto the transmission pipe 3 in the area near the furnace 4. The cooling pipe 9 contains a flowable cooling medium. The cooling effect prevents the biomass material in the transmission pipe 3 from prematurely pyrolyzing or spontaneously combusting due to high temperature, ensuring that the material enters the furnace 4 in its original state, ensuring the stability of the combustion or gasification reaction, and preventing the biomass material from coking and clogging in the transmission pipe 3. Other components and connections are the same as in any one of specific embodiments one to eight.

[0033] Specific Implementation Method Ten: Combining Figure 1 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that it is equipped with a rotatable stirring rod 10 inside the feeding hopper 1. The rotation of the stirring rod 10 keeps the biomass in the feeding hopper 1 in constant motion, preventing compaction due to long-term storage or gravity, and ensuring a continuous and stable descent of the biomass to the conveying mechanism 2, thus eliminating feeding interruptions at the source. Other components and connections are the same as any one of specific embodiments one through eight.

[0034] The scope of this invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments; a combination of one or more specific embodiments can also achieve the purpose of the invention.

Claims

1. A biomass positive pressure feeding system, characterized in that, include: The feeding bin (1), conveying mechanism (2) and transmission pipe (3) are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The inlet of the conveying mechanism (2) is connected to the outlet of the feeding bin (1), the outlet of the conveying mechanism (2) is connected to the inlet of the transmission pipe (3), and the outlet of the transmission pipe (3) is connected to the furnace (4). The discharge port of the feeding bin (1) and the inlet of the transmission pipe (3) are distributed at intervals on the same horizontal plane, and the conveying mechanism (2) is horizontally arranged between the discharge port of the feeding bin (1) and the inlet of the transmission pipe (3). The transmission pipe (3) is provided with a sliding extruder (5), which is used to compact the biomass material and push it into the furnace (4).

2. The biomass positive pressure feeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying mechanism (2) includes a rotatable conveying component, through which biomass is conveyed.

3. The biomass positive pressure feeding system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The conveying component is a spiral blade.

4. The biomass positive pressure feeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle region of the transmission pipe (3) has an upwardly extending branch pipe (6), and the top of the branch pipe (6) forms the feed inlet of the transmission pipe (3).

5. A biomass positive pressure feeding system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The branch pipe (6) is an inverted conical pipe.

6. A biomass positive pressure feeding system according to claim 4, characterized in that, A first insert plate (7) is inserted into the branch pipe (6). The first insert plate (7) is horizontally arranged and is linked with the extruder (5). When the extruder (5) moves forward, the first insert plate (7) moves toward the inside of the branch pipe (6). When the extruder (5) moves backward, the first insert plate (7) moves toward the outside of the branch pipe (6).

7. A biomass positive pressure feeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second insert plate (8) is inserted into the transmission tube (3). The second insert plate (8) is vertically arranged and is linked with the extruder (5). When the extruder (5) moves forward, the second insert plate (8) moves toward the outside of the transmission tube (3). When the extruder (5) moves backward, the second insert plate (8) moves toward the inside of the transmission tube (3).

8. A biomass positive pressure feeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extrusion component (5) is a piston installed inside a hydraulic press.

9. A biomass positive pressure feeding system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Also includes: A cooling pipe (9) is fitted on the transmission pipe (3) in the area near the furnace (4), and the cooling pipe (9) contains a flowable cooling medium.

10. A biomass positive pressure feeding system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The feed bin (1) is equipped with a rotatable stirring rod (10).

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