Titanium alloy part surface defect detection device

Abstract

The invention discloses a titanium alloy part surface defect detection device, and belongs to the technical field of titanium alloy detection.The titanium alloy part surface defect detection device comprises a supporting bottom plate, a vertical supporting plate is installed on the supporting bottom plate through a rotating structure, and the outer portion of the vertical supporting plate is connected with a transverse supporting plate through a lifting structure; the interior of the transverse supporting plate is rotatably connected with a rotating hollow pipe, the bottom of the rotating hollow pipe is fixedly connected with a rotating plate, and the bottom of the rotating plate is fixedly connected with a first lower hollow connecting pipe. In the continuous adsorption process of the elastic rotating wheel, the scanning detection head can be attached to and close to the outer wall face of the detection piece as much as possible, and laser detection or ultrasonic detection of attachment is achieved; the fitting effect of the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the titanium alloy parts in different shapes can be adapted through deformation of the soft connecting section, and the detection of special-shaped or curved-surface titanium alloy parts is adapted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of titanium alloy testing technology, and more specifically, to a device for detecting surface defects in titanium alloy parts. Background Technology

[0002] Titanium alloys, with their superior properties such as high strength, low density, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility, have become core materials in key fields such as aerospace, medical devices, and high-end equipment manufacturing, and are widely used in important components such as aircraft fuselages, engine blades, and artificial implants. However, titanium alloys are difficult to process, highly thermally sensitive, and chemically reactive. During smelting, casting, machining, heat treatment, and transportation, they are prone to various surface defects such as cracks, scratches, indentations, porosity, surface contamination, and oxide scale. These surface defects can severely weaken the mechanical properties, fatigue life, and corrosion resistance of titanium alloy parts. Especially in fields with extremely high safety requirements, such as aerospace, tiny surface cracks may gradually propagate during service, leading to structural failure or even major safety accidents.

[0003] To ensure the quality and safety of titanium alloy parts, surface defect detection has become a crucial step in their production, manufacturing, and service maintenance. Non-destructive testing (NDT) technology is widely used in this field due to its advantage of not damaging the workpiece. Currently, commonly used methods for detecting surface defects in titanium alloys mainly include penetrant testing (PT), eddy current testing (ET), and magnetic particle testing (MT). Penetrant testing relies on capillary action to identify surface opening defects. It is convenient to operate and has high sensitivity, but it requires strict surface pretreatment, has low detection efficiency, and is not suitable for extreme temperature environments. Eddy current testing is a non-contact detection method that can achieve rapid scanning. It has excellent sensitivity to surface and near-surface micro-cracks and is less affected by the non-magnetic properties of titanium alloys. However, it has limited detection depth, poor adaptability to complex curved surfaces or irregularly shaped structures, and difficult parameter calibration. Especially when dealing with structures with multiple curved surfaces, such as cylinders or bottles, most existing detection devices cannot fit the curved surfaces well for detection. Furthermore, when detecting irregularly shaped structures, they cannot adapt to the characteristics of the structure for detection. Therefore, a surface defect detection device for titanium alloy parts is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for detecting surface defects in titanium alloy parts, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a surface defect detection device for titanium alloy parts, comprising a supporting base plate, a vertical supporting plate mounted on the supporting base plate via a rotating structure, a horizontal supporting plate connected to the outside of the vertical supporting plate via a lifting structure, a rotating hollow tube rotatably connected inside the horizontal supporting plate, a rotating plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating hollow tube, a first lower hollow connecting tube fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating plate, a second lower hollow connecting tube connected to the inside of the rotating plate via a sliding structure, a soft connecting section connected to the bottom of both the first and second lower hollow connecting tubes, and a scanning detection head mounted at the bottom of the soft connecting section; The flexible connecting section is externally connected to an elastic rotating wheel. The outer side of the elastic rotating wheel has multiple negative pressure adsorption holes formed by an adsorption structure. The negative pressure adsorption holes are used to generate negative pressure to drive the elastic rotating wheel and the scanning detection head to come close to the surface of the titanium alloy part for contact detection.

[0006] Preferably, the adsorption structure includes a micro air pump fixedly connected to the transverse support plate. The air inlet of the micro air pump is connected to a first electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve. One air inlet of the first electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve is connected to a first delivery pipe. The air inlet end of the first delivery pipe passes through the interior of the rotating hollow tube, the first lower hollow connecting tube, and the soft connecting section, and is connected to a second electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve. The two air inlets of the second electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve are respectively connected to a second delivery pipe. The end of the second delivery pipe away from the second electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve is connected to the elastic rotating wheel. The negative pressure adsorption hole is connected to the elastic rotating wheel.

[0007] Preferably, the adsorption structure further includes multiple elastic expansion bladders, which are respectively installed inside the elastic rotating wheel. The negative pressure adsorption hole is opened on the outer wall of the elastic rotating wheel. The outlet of the micro air pump is connected to a gas diversion electrically controlled valve. One outlet of the gas diversion electrically controlled valve is connected to a third delivery pipe. The outlet of the third delivery pipe passes through the outer wall of the rotating hollow tube, the first lower hollow connecting tube, and the elastic expansion bladder and is connected to a third electrically controlled multi-way diversion valve. The outlet of the third electrically controlled multi-way diversion valve is connected to a fourth delivery pipe. The outlet of the fourth delivery pipe passes through the inner wall of the elastic rotating wheel and is connected to a circular multi-way diversion valve. Multiple outlets on the outside of the circular multi-way diversion valve are respectively connected to multiple gas delivery hoses. The ends of the multiple gas delivery hoses away from the circular multi-way diversion valve are respectively connected to the outer chamber of the elastic expansion bladder.

[0008] Preferably, an electromagnet is fixedly connected to the side of the elastic telescopic bladder away from the circular multi-way diverter valve, and the electromagnet has a hole on its exterior that is the same as the negative pressure adsorption hole.

[0009] Preferably, an elastic rubber seat is fixedly connected to the side of the electromagnet away from the elastic expansion bladder, and multiple silicon steel sheets are embedded inside the elastic rubber seat.

[0010] Preferably, the lifting structure includes a lifting motor, which is fixedly connected to the outside of the vertical support plate. The outside of the vertical support plate is provided with a moving groove, and a threaded lifting seat is slidably connected inside the moving groove. The output shaft of the lifting motor is fixedly connected to a lifting screw, one end of which passes through the inner wall of the threaded lifting seat and is threadedly connected to the threaded lifting seat. The side of the transverse support plate near the threaded lifting seat is fixedly connected to the threaded lifting seat.

[0011] Preferably, the rotating structure includes a rotating seat, which is fixedly connected to the supporting base plate. The bottom of the vertical support plate is inserted into the interior of the rotating seat. The rotating seat and the vertical support plate are both threadedly connected to a fixed rotating screw. The fixed rotating screw is threadedly connected to a nut. The elastic rotating wheel is fixedly connected to a universal ball.

[0012] Preferably, a central shaft drive motor is fixedly connected to the transverse support plate, a drive gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the central shaft drive motor, a driven gear is fixedly connected to the rotating hollow tube, and the drive gear and the driven gear are meshed together.

[0013] Preferably, a constant pressure valve plate is connected inside the negative pressure adsorption hole, and the outer wall of the constant pressure valve plate protrudes from the air inlet of the negative pressure adsorption hole.

[0014] Preferably, the sliding structure includes a T-shaped groove inside the rotating plate, a T-shaped slider is slidably connected inside the T-shaped groove, the bottom of the T-shaped slider is fixedly connected to the top of the second lower hollow connecting tube, and a camera is installed at the bottom of the scanning detection head.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: In this invention, during the detection process, the inner and outer walls of the titanium alloy part can be adsorbed through multiple negative pressure adsorption holes on the outside of the elastic rotating wheel. As the elastic rotating wheel continuously adsorbs, the scanning detection head can be made to fit as close as possible to the outer wall of the part being tested, achieving conformal laser detection or ultrasonic detection. Furthermore, when the elastic rotating wheel, in conjunction with the negative pressure adsorption holes, adsorbs onto the inner and outer walls of the titanium alloy part, the deformation of the soft connecting section can also adapt to the conformal effect of the inner and outer walls of titanium alloy parts of different shapes, thus adapting to the detection of irregularly shaped or curved titanium alloy parts. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2This is a side view of the structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion and contraction state of the elastic pleural bladder in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the soft connecting segment in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the elastic rotating wheel in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnet structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic rubber seat and silicon steel sheet in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram of area A in the diagram; Figure 9 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram of region B in the diagram.

[0017] In the diagram: 100, Support base plate; 101, Vertical support plate; 102, Horizontal support plate; 103, Rotating hollow tube; 104, Rotating plate; 105, First lower hollow connecting tube; 1051, Second lower hollow connecting tube; 106, Flexible connecting section; 107, Scanning detection head; 108, Elastic rotating wheel; 109, Miniature air pump; 110, First electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve; 111, First delivery tube; 112, Second electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve; 113, Second delivery tube; 114, Negative pressure adsorption hole; 115, Camera; 200, Elastic extension... 201. Gas delivery diversion solenoid valve; 202. Third delivery pipe; 203. Third solenoid multi-way diversion valve; 204. Fourth delivery pipe; 205. Pressure regulating valve plate; 206. Circular multi-way diversion valve; 207. Gas delivery hose; 300. Electromagnet; 400. Elastic rubber seat; 401. Silicon steel sheet; 500. Central shaft drive motor; 501. Drive gear; 502. Driven gear; 600. Lifting motor; 601. Lifting screw; 700. Threaded lifting seat; 800. Rotating seat; 801. Fixed rotating screw; 900. Universal ball. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1, such as Figure 1As shown, this application discloses a surface defect detection device for titanium alloy parts, including a support base plate 100. A vertical support plate 101 is mounted on the support base plate 100 via a rotating structure. A horizontal support plate 102 is connected to the outside of the vertical support plate 101 via a lifting structure. A rotating hollow tube 103 is rotatably connected inside the horizontal support plate 102. A rotating plate 104 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating hollow tube 103. A first lower hollow connecting tube 105 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating plate 104. A second lower hollow connecting tube 1051 is connected to the inside of the rotating plate 104 via a sliding structure. A soft connecting section 106 is connected to the bottom of both the first lower hollow connecting tube 105 and the second lower hollow connecting tube 1051. A scanning detection head 107 is installed at the bottom of the soft connecting section 106. The flexible connecting section 106 is rotatably connected to an elastic rotating wheel 108. The outer side of the elastic rotating wheel 108 has multiple negative pressure adsorption holes 114 formed by an adsorption structure. The negative pressure adsorption holes 114 are used to generate negative pressure to drive the elastic rotating wheel 108 and the scanning detection head 107 to come close to the surface of the titanium alloy part for contact detection.

[0020] Specifically, during use, when placing the titanium alloy parts to be tested onto the support base plate 100, for example, when placing barrel-shaped or bottle-shaped titanium alloy parts, the operator can align the axis of the titanium alloy part with the central axis of the first lower hollow connecting pipe 105. Figure 2 As shown, after aligning with the central axis of the first lower hollow connecting tube 105, the operator can use the lifting structure to move the first lower hollow connecting tube 105 and the second lower hollow connecting tube 1051 to the inner and outer walls of the barrel-shaped titanium alloy part. When dealing with titanium alloy parts of different wall thicknesses, the position of the second lower hollow connecting tube 1051 is adjusted by the sliding structure so that the first lower hollow connecting tube 105 fits against the outer wall of the titanium alloy part. After adjusting the first lower hollow connecting tube 105 and the second lower hollow connecting tube 1051 to the inner and outer walls of the barrel-shaped titanium alloy part, the scanning detection head 107 is activated to perform laser scanning on the inner and outer walls of the barrel-shaped titanium alloy part to detect defects on the inner and outer walls of the titanium alloy part.

[0021] Furthermore, during use, in order to ensure that the scanning head 107 can adhere to the surface of the titanium alloy part for inspection, the operator can activate the adsorption structure. The adsorption structure, together with the negative pressure adsorption hole 114, forms a negative pressure adsorption effect, which allows the elastic rotating wheel 108 to be adsorbed onto the surface of the titanium alloy part through the negative pressure adsorption hole 114. This allows the scanning head 107 to adhere to the surface of the titanium alloy part as closely as possible for scanning and inspection.

[0022] Furthermore, when the lifting structure moves the scanning head 107 up and down, the elastic rotating wheel 108 rolls on the surface of the titanium alloy part. The multiple negative pressure adsorption holes 114 on the outside of the elastic rotating wheel 108 continuously adhere to the surface of the titanium alloy part. The overall up-and-down movement of the scanning head 107 is assisted by the elastic rotating wheel 108. When the elastic rotating wheel 108 moves and travels in contact with the outer surface of the titanium alloy part, it can pull the soft connecting section 106, causing it to stretch and tilt. The soft connecting section 106 is made of a soft material, such as... Figure 2 As shown, even when the barrel-shaped titanium alloy part and the camera 115 are not on the same central axis, the deformation of the soft connecting section 106 can pull the scanning detection head 107 to fit against the outer wall of the titanium alloy part.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the lifting structure includes a lifting motor 600, which is fixedly connected to the outside of a vertical support plate 101. A movable groove is provided on the outside of the vertical support plate 101, and a threaded lifting seat 700 is slidably connected inside the movable groove. A lifting screw 601 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the lifting motor 600. One end of the lifting screw 601 passes through the inner wall of the threaded lifting seat 700 and is threadedly connected to the threaded lifting seat 700. The side of the transverse support plate 102 near the threaded lifting seat 700 is fixedly connected to the threaded lifting seat 700.

[0024] Specifically, when adjusting the height of the two scanning heads 107, the operator can start the lifting motor 600. When the lifting motor 600 is started, it will drive the lifting screw 601 to rotate. When the lifting screw 601 rotates, it will drive the threaded lifting seat 700 to move up and down. When the threaded lifting seat 700 moves up and down, it will drive the horizontal support plate 102 and the rotating plate 104 to move up and down. The up and down movement of the rotating plate 104 will drive the first lower hollow connecting pipe 105 and the second lower hollow connecting pipe 1051 to move up and down, thereby driving the scanning head 107 to move up and down on the outer wall surface of the titanium alloy part, realizing rapid scanning and detection.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, a central shaft drive motor 500 is fixedly connected to the transverse support plate 102, and a drive gear 501 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the central shaft drive motor 500. A driven gear 502 is fixedly connected to the rotating hollow tube 103, and the drive gear 501 and the driven gear 502 are meshed together.

[0026] Specifically, during the lifting and lowering scanning process of the scanning head 107, because it is scanning a barrel-shaped titanium alloy, it is necessary to inspect not only the inner and outer walls at different heights of the barrel-shaped titanium alloy part, but also the inner and outer walls at different locations. When the lifting motor 600 is turned on, the central shaft drive motor 500 is simultaneously turned on. When the central shaft drive motor 500 is turned on, it will drive the drive gear 501 to rotate. The drive gear 501 meshes with the driven gear 502, thereby driving the rotating hollow tube 103 to rotate. The rotating hollow tube 103 is driven by the drive gear 501. When the rotating plate 104 rotates, it will cause the rotating plate 104 to rotate, which in turn will cause the first lower hollow connecting tube 105 to rotate. The first lower hollow connecting tube 105 is located at the central axis of the barrel-shaped titanium alloy part, so it rotates around itself. The second lower hollow connecting tube 1051 is located on the outer wall of the barrel-shaped titanium alloy part. When the rotating plate 104 rotates, it can cause the second lower hollow connecting tube 1051 to rotate around the outer wall of the barrel-shaped titanium alloy part, thereby causing the scanning detection head 107 at the bottom of the second lower hollow connecting tube 1051 to scan and detect the outer wall of the barrel-shaped titanium alloy part.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the rotating structure includes a rotating seat 800, which is fixedly connected to the support base plate 100. The bottom of the vertical support plate 101 is inserted into the interior of the rotating seat 800. The rotating seat 800 and the vertical support plate 101 are both threadedly connected to a fixed rotating screw 801. The fixed rotating screw 801 is threadedly connected to a nut. The elastic rotating wheel 108 is fixedly connected to a universal ball 900.

[0028] Specifically, during use, the operator can separate the nut on the outside of the fixed rotating screw 801 from the rotating seat 800. After separation, the operator can lay the vertical support plate 101 down as a whole, so that the vertical support plate 101 is attached to the outer wall of the support base plate 100. With the vertical support plate 101 attached to the outside of the support base plate 100, it is convenient to inspect some multi-channel pipes or vertical plates of titanium alloy parts.

[0029] Furthermore, when the vertical support plate 101 lies flat outside the support base plate 100, the omnidirectional ball 900 located outside the elastic rotating wheel 108 can contact the surface of the support base plate 100 to assist the movement of the scanning detection head 107 on the surface of the support base plate 100.

[0030] like Figures 1-8As shown, the adsorption structure includes a micro air pump 109 fixedly connected to a transverse support plate 102. The air inlet of the micro air pump 109 is connected to a first electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve 110. One of the air inlets of the first electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve 110 is connected to a first delivery pipe 111. The air inlet of the first delivery pipe 111 passes through the interior of the rotating hollow pipe 103, the first lower hollow connecting pipe 105, and the soft connecting section 106, and is connected to a second electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve 112. The two air inlets of the second electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve 112 are connected to a second delivery pipe 113. One end of the second delivery pipe 113 away from the second electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve 112 is connected to an elastic rotating wheel 108. The negative pressure adsorption hole 114 is connected to the elastic rotating wheel 108.

[0031] Specifically, during use, when the negative pressure adsorption hole 114 on the outside of the elastic rotating wheel 108 is needed for adsorption, the operator can start the micro air pump 109. When the micro air pump 109 is started, it can work with the first electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve 110 and the first delivery pipe 111 to produce a suction effect. The first delivery pipe 111 is connected to the second electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve 112, which is connected to the elastic rotating wheel 108 through the second delivery pipe 113. The suction effect is achieved through the first delivery pipe 111, the second electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve 112, and the second delivery pipe 113 to achieve a suction effect on the inside of the elastic rotating wheel 108. When suction is performed on the inside of the elastic rotating wheel 108, the negative pressure adsorption hole 114 on the outside of the elastic rotating wheel 108 will form a negative pressure suction hole, so that the elastic rotating wheel 108 can form a negative pressure adsorption effect when it is in contact with the inner wall of the titanium alloy part.

[0032] The technical solutions in the above-described embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: Compared with the prior art, in this embodiment, during the detection process, the multiple negative pressure adsorption holes 114 on the outside of the elastic rotating wheel 108 can adsorb the inner and outer walls of the titanium alloy part. During the continuous adsorption process of the elastic rotating wheel 108, the scanning detection head 107 can be made to fit as close as possible to the outer wall of the part being detected, thereby achieving conformal laser detection or ultrasonic detection. Furthermore, when the elastic rotating wheel 108, in conjunction with the negative pressure adsorption holes 114, adsorbs onto the inner and outer walls of the titanium alloy part, the deformation of the soft connecting section 106 can also adapt to the conformal effect of the inner and outer walls of titanium alloy parts of different shapes, thus adapting to the detection of irregularly shaped or curved titanium alloy parts.

[0033] Example 2: Considering that when dealing with titanium alloy parts like bottles, the scanning head 107 enters from the bottle opening. However, entering from the bottle opening can easily prevent the scanning head 107 and the elastic rotating wheel 108 from contacting the inner wall, thus preventing the generation of negative pressure adsorption. Furthermore, if the elastic rotating wheel 108 cannot adhere to the inner and outer walls of the titanium alloy part, the scanning head 107 will be unable to perform adhesion testing. To address the above technical problems, this application proposes the following technical solution: like Figures 3-8 As shown, the adsorption structure also includes multiple elastic expansion bladders 200, which are respectively installed inside the elastic rotating wheel 108. Negative pressure adsorption holes 114 are opened on the outer wall of the elastic rotating wheel 108. The outlet of the micro air pump 109 is connected to a gas diversion control valve 201. One outlet of the gas diversion control valve 201 is connected to a third delivery pipe 202. The outlet of the third delivery pipe 202 passes through the rotating hollow tube 103, the first lower hollow connecting tube 105, and the elastic expansion bladders 200 and 114. The outer wall of the elastic rotating wheel 108 is connected to a third electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve 203. The outlet of the third electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve 203 is connected to a fourth delivery pipe 204. The outlet of the fourth delivery pipe 204 passes through the inner wall of the elastic rotating wheel 108 and is connected to a circular multi-way diverter valve 206. Multiple outlets of the circular multi-way diverter valve 206 are connected to multiple air delivery hoses 207. The ends of the multiple air delivery hoses 207 away from the circular multi-way diverter valve 206 are connected to the outer chamber of the elastic expansion bladder 200.

[0034] Specifically, during use, when the elastic rotating wheel 108 is a certain distance from the inner wall of the titanium alloy part, the operator can activate the micro air pump 109 to concentrate and deliver gas to the inside of the gas diversion solenoid valve 201. The gas diversion solenoid valve 201 will deliver the gas to the third delivery pipe 202, which in turn will deliver the gas to the third solenoid multi-way diversion valve 203. The third solenoid multi-way diversion valve 203 will then deliver the gas to the fourth delivery pipe 204. The fourth delivery pipe 204 is connected to the circular multi-way diversion valve 206, and the circular... The circular multi-way diverter valve 206 distributes gas to the gas delivery hose 207. Alternatively, when the scanning head 107 is inserted into the titanium alloy part of the bottle, the position of the elastic expansion bladder 200 to be extended is predetermined. Gas is then delivered to the designated gas delivery hose 207 via the circular multi-way diverter valve 206. When gas enters the gas delivery hose 207, it is concentrated and delivered to the elastic expansion bladder 200. The expansion of the elastic expansion bladder 200 as gas enters causes it to gradually contact the gas delivery hose 207. The inner wall of the titanium alloy part, when the elastic expansion bladder 200 contacts the inner wall of the titanium alloy part, the pressure regulating valve plate 205 at the front end of the elastic expansion bladder 200 contacts the inner wall surface of the titanium alloy part and is thus pushed open by pressure, leaving the air inlet of the negative pressure adsorption hole 114 exposed. With the air inlet of the negative pressure adsorption hole 114 exposed, gas is continuously drawn in through the second delivery pipe 113, so that the front end of the elastic expansion bladder 200, which expands and contacts the inner wall surface of the titanium alloy part, is adsorbed onto the inner wall of the titanium alloy part. At this time, the other outlet of the gas diversion solenoid valve 201 is opened, so that the gas is concentrated through The gas is discharged through the other outlet of the gas diversion control valve 201. When the gas is concentrated and discharged through the other outlet of the gas diversion control valve 201, the gas in the outer chamber of the expanded elastic expansion bladder 200 will gradually be discharged through the other outlet of the gas diversion control valve 201. During the discharge process, the expanded elastic expansion bladder 200 gradually shrinks. In the shrinking state, the elastic expansion bladder 200 is attracted by the negative pressure at the front end, which will pull the scanning detection head 107 and the elastic rotating wheel 108 to adhere to the inner wall surface of the titanium alloy part, forming a bonding scanning detection.

[0035] The technical solutions in the above embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: Compared with Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, when the scanning detection head 107 located inside the titanium alloy part cannot contact the inner wall of the titanium alloy part, gas can be continuously injected into the elastic expansion bladder 200, thereby causing the elastic expansion bladder 200 to expand and adsorb the inner wall of the titanium alloy part through the negative pressure adsorption hole 114 at the front end. After the adsorption is completed, the gas in the elastic expansion bladder 200 is gradually discharged. When the gas in the elastic expansion bladder 200 is discharged, the scanning detection head 107 can be pulled to the inner wall of the titanium alloy part for continuous adsorption, thus ensuring that the titanium alloy part can continuously adhere to the inner wall surface of different regular titanium alloy parts for detection.

[0036] Example 3: Considering that when using only negative pressure adsorption, multiple negative pressure adsorption holes 114 need to be in an adsorption state at all times, and the elastic rotating wheel 108 needs to move on the inner wall surface, the simple negative pressure adsorption may experience insufficient adsorption force during adsorption rotation, resulting in a disconnection phenomenon. This would cause the scanning detection head 107 to be unable to continuously adhere to the inner wall of the titanium alloy part. To address the above technical problems, this application proposes the following technical solution to solve the above technical problems, specifically: like Figure 1 and 6 As shown, an electromagnet 300 is fixedly connected to the side of the elastic expansion bladder 200 away from the circular multi-way diverter valve 206. The electromagnet 300 has a hole on its exterior that is the same as the negative pressure adsorption hole 114.

[0037] Specifically, electromagnets 300 are connected to both the external elastic expansion bladder 200 and the internal elastic expansion bladder 200 of the detection piece. The internal and external electromagnets 300 together generate magnetic attraction force. Under the condition of generating magnetic attraction force, the internal and external magnetic attraction forces can be generated simultaneously, thereby attracting the internal elastic rotating wheel 108 to the outside, and the external elastic rotating wheel 108 to the outside, generating mutual attraction force. Under the condition of generating mutual attraction force, it can be ensured that the elastic rotating wheel 108 continuously adheres to the outer wall surface of the titanium alloy detection piece, reducing the contact interruption phenomenon caused by insufficient negative pressure attraction force.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the sliding structure includes a T-shaped groove inside the rotating plate 104, a T-shaped slider is slidably connected inside the T-shaped groove, the bottom of the T-shaped slider is fixedly connected to the top of the second lower hollow connecting tube 1051, and a camera 115 is installed at the bottom of the scanning detection head 107.

[0039] Specifically, during use, the operator can manually adjust the position of the T-shaped slider inside the T-shaped groove of the external second lower hollow connecting tube 1051 and the elastic rotating wheel 108. By adjusting the position of the T-shaped slider, the position of the second lower hollow connecting tube 1051 and the elastic rotating wheel 108 located below the second lower hollow connecting tube 1051 can be adjusted so that the operator can adjust the second lower hollow connecting tube 1051 and the scanning detection head 107 located below the second lower hollow connecting tube 1051 to fit the outer wall surface of the titanium alloy part.

[0040] like Figure 7 As shown, considering that the titanium alloy part to be tested has a thick wall during use, the attraction force of the electromagnet 300 will gradually weaken when the wall thickness is thick. Even when the attraction force of the electromagnet 300 gradually decreases, it may still cause a break in contact between the internal elastic rotating wheel 108 and the inner wall of the test piece. Therefore, an elastic rubber seat 400 is fixedly connected to the side of the electromagnet 300 away from the elastic expansion bladder 200. Multiple silicon steel sheets 401 are embedded inside the elastic rubber seat 400.

[0041] Specifically, the air gap between the electromagnet 300 and the titanium alloy cylindrical wall has a high magnetic reluctance and a relative permeability of ≈1.00006, which significantly reduces the magnetic field penetration efficiency. Meanwhile, the silicon steel sheet 401 located within the elastic rubber base 400 extends along the magnetic field direction from the magnetic poles of the electromagnet 300 to the surface of the cylindrical wall, forming a low magnetic reluctance channel. The magnetic field preferentially propagates along the silicon steel sheet 401, bypassing part of the air gap and reducing the loss of magnetic energy in the gap.

[0042] Furthermore, without the elastic rubber seat 400, the magnetic field must completely pass through "electromagnet 300 → air → titanium alloy part → air → electromagnet 300 on the other side", and the air gap causes the magnetic field to attenuate by 40%-60%; after adding the rubber seat containing silicon steel sheet 401, the silicon steel sheet 401 can cover 70%-80% of the air path, and the magnetic field attenuation can be reduced to 20%-30%, indirectly improving the adsorption force.

[0043] Furthermore, the magnetic field of electromagnet 300 will spread outwards in a cone-shaped distribution. Especially when the arc surfaces are not in contact, a large amount of magnetic field will leak in non-direct directions, such as the two sides of the cylinder axial direction. The silicon steel sheets 401 inside the elastic rubber seat 400 are arranged according to the "main path of the magnetic field", that is, along the radial direction of the cylinder, facing the electromagnet 300 on the other side. Like a "magnetic funnel", it can gather the diffused magnetic field to the facing area, increasing the effective magnetic field density between the electromagnets 300 inside and outside the cylinder. The adsorption force is proportional to the square of the magnetic field density. After the magnetic field density is increased, the adsorption effect is significantly enhanced.

[0044] The technical solutions in the above-described embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: Compared with Embodiment 2, in this embodiment, by setting the electromagnet 300, magnetic adsorption force can be generated simultaneously inside and outside the titanium alloy detection piece. When magnetic adsorption force is generated, the electromagnets 300 on both sides will drive the elastic rotating wheel 108 and the scanning detection head 107 to continuously adhere to the side wall surface of the titanium alloy piece, thereby enabling the scanning detection head 107 to adhere to the inner wall surface of the detection piece in real time for scanning detection, reducing the phenomenon of separation between the scanning detection head 107 and the inner wall surface of the detection piece. At the same time, even when facing titanium alloy pieces with thick walls, the magnetic adsorption force of the electromagnet 300 can be further enhanced by the elastic rubber seat 400 and the silicon steel sheet 401, reducing the phenomenon of weakening adsorption force caused by magnetic field diffusion.

[0045] Example: There is a titanium alloy gas cylinder with a wall thickness of 8mm (cylinder diameter 500mm, length 1200mm), and a comprehensive defect inspection of its inner wall is required. Due to the large wall thickness, simple negative pressure adsorption is prone to disconnection. The inner scanning head 107 of the device is inserted into the center of the cylinder from the cylinder opening, and the outer scanning head 107 is adjusted to fit the corresponding position on the outer wall of the cylinder through a sliding structure. At this time, the distance between the inner elastic rotating wheel 108 and the inner wall of the bottle is about 15mm. The outer elastic rotating wheel 108 is manually adjusted to fit the outer wall of the bottle. The power supply of the device is turned on, connecting the power supply circuit of the electromagnet 300 at the end of the inner elastic expansion bladder 200 and the electromagnet 300 on the outer elastic rotating wheel 108. The working power of the electromagnet 300 is set to 60% of the rated power. The micro air pump 109 is started, and gas is delivered to the elastic expansion bladder 200 inside the inner elastic rotating wheel 108 through the gas diversion control valve 201, the third delivery pipe 202 and other pipelines. The elastic expansion bladder 200 gradually expands and extends towards the inner wall of the bottle. When the elastic rubber at the front end of the expansion bladder... When the seat 400 contacts the inner wall of the bottle, the rubber seat conforms to the arc-shaped inner wall due to its flexibility. The silicon steel sheet 401 embedded inside is arranged radially along the main path of the magnetic field, forming a low magnetic resistance channel. At the same time, the constant pressure valve 205 at the front end of the elastic expansion bladder 200 is pushed open by the pressure of the bottle wall, exposing the air inlet of the negative pressure adsorption hole 114. The micro air pump 109 switches to the air intake mode and generates an initial adsorption force through the negative pressure adsorption hole 114, firmly adsorbing the elastic rubber seat 400 onto the inner wall of the bottle, completing the precise alignment of the electromagnet 300 with the bottle wall. After the alignment is completed, the full power supply of the inner and outer electromagnets 300 is turned on simultaneously, and the two electromagnets 300 generate magnetic fields in the same direction. The magnetic field of the inner electromagnet 300 propagates along the low magnetic resistance channel formed by the silicon steel sheet 401. When passing through the titanium alloy bottle wall, the silicon steel sheet 401 effectively reduces the magnetic field attenuation caused by air gaps and thick walls (the magnetic field attenuation is reduced from 55% without silicon steel sheet 401 to 25%). The magnetic field of the outer electromagnet 300 also converges through the silicon steel sheet 401 in the corresponding elastic rubber seat 400 and attracts each other with the inner magnetic field, forming a bidirectional magnetic attraction force. At this time, the negative pressure adsorption provides the basic fixing force, and the magnetic attraction of the electromagnet 300 provides the main attraction force. The two work together to firmly attract the inner elastic rotating wheel 108 to the inner wall of the bottle. The outer elastic rotating wheel 108 simultaneously adheres to the outer wall. The contact gap between the scanning detection head 107 and the inner wall of the bottle is controlled within 0.5mm. The lifting motor 600 and the central shaft drive motor 500 are started to drive the scanning detection head 107 to rise and fall at a uniform speed (speed 5mm / s) along the bottle axis and rotate circumferentially (speed 30r / min) to perform a comprehensive scanning detection of the inner wall of the bottle.During the movement, the elastic rotating wheel 108 rolls along the bottle wall via the universal ball 900, and the negative pressure adsorption hole 114 continuously generates adsorption force to prevent local desorption. The electromagnet 300 is continuously powered, and the silicon steel sheet 401 always focuses the magnetic field. Even if there are slight unevennesses on the bottle wall (deviation ≤2mm), the flexibility of the elastic rubber seat 400 can adaptively adjust to ensure a continuous magnetic field propagation path and stable magnetic attraction force (adsorption force fluctuation ≤10%). Throughout the entire detection process (approximately 33 minutes), the scanning detection head 107 does not experience any disconnection and remains in contact with the inner wall of the bottle to complete the defect scanning. After the detection is completed, the power supply to the electromagnet 300 is first turned off, the magnetic attraction force disappears, and then the micro air pump 109 is controlled to stop sucking air. At the same time, a small amount of gas is delivered to the outer chamber of the elastic expansion bladder 200, causing the constant pressure valve plate 205 of the negative pressure adsorption hole 114 to reset and close, and the elastic expansion bladder 200 gradually contracts. Finally, the scanning detection head 107 is lifted by the lifting structure, and the inner detection component is smoothly removed from the bottle mouth, completing the detection process.

[0046] Furthermore, during the use of electromagnet 300, the inner scanning detection head 107 is inserted into the thick-walled titanium alloy gas cylinder (8mm thick), and the outer detection head is adjusted to the corresponding position on the outer wall of the cylinder via the T-shaped slide groove, ensuring that the axes of the inner and outer electromagnets 300 coincide with the radial direction of the gas cylinder (to avoid magnetic field offset). The power supply circuit of electromagnet 300 is checked (such as wire connections and fuse status) to confirm that there are no short circuits or loose connections. At the same time, the power supply is switched to "standby" mode, with the voltage preset to 50% of the rated voltage. The rated voltage of electromagnet 300 is 24V, preset to 12V. The micro air pump 109 is started, and the inner elastic expansion bladder 200 is extended. Inflate the gas cylinder until the front elastic rubber seat 400 adheres to the inner wall of the cylinder. At this point, the silicon steel sheets 401 inside the rubber seat are arranged radially along the main path of the magnetic field, completing the physical alignment of the electromagnet 300 with the cylinder wall. Simultaneously, the negative pressure adsorption hole 114 is opened by the constant pressure valve plate 205 to achieve initial negative pressure fixation. Press the control switch of the electromagnet 300 to connect the power supply circuit. The current is slowly increased to 40% of the rated current through the PLC controller. The rated current of the electromagnet 300 is 10A, and the primary current is 4A. At this point, the electromagnet 300 generates an initial magnetic field. Because the silicon steel sheets 401 reduce the magnetic resistance of the air gap (from the air magnetic resistance μ0≈4π×10⁻), the electromagnet 300 generates an initial magnetic field. 7 The magnetic reluctance (H / m) of the silicon steel sheet 401 is reduced to approximately 1.25 × 10⁻⁻. 3(H / m), the magnetic field can penetrate the 8mm thick titanium alloy bottle wall. The inner and outer electromagnets 300 form an initial magnetic attraction with an attraction force of about 150N. The adhesion is confirmed by a pressure sensor, and the adhesion gap is ≤0.8mm. After confirming that the initial attraction is stable, the current is gradually increased to the rated current of 10A by the controller at a rate of 0.5A / s to avoid magnetic field shock caused by sudden current changes. At this time, the electromagnet 300 enters the full working state, and the silicon steel sheet 401 further concentrates the magnetic field, reducing the magnetic field attenuation caused by the thick wall. The attenuation rate is lower than that without the silicon steel sheet. The 401 is reduced from 55% to 25%, and the magnetic attraction force on the inner and outer sides is increased to 400N. Together with the negative pressure adsorption force (50N), a stable fit is achieved. After the test is completed, the current of the electromagnet 300 is gradually reduced from 10A to 0A by the controller, with a voltage reduction rate of 1A / s, to avoid desorption impact caused by a sudden drop in magnetic field. After the magnetic attraction force completely disappears, the power supply circuit of the electromagnet 300 is turned off. Then, the micro air pump 109 is controlled to stop air intake and inflate the elastic expansion bladder 200 to make it contract. Finally, the test component is recovered to complete the whole process.

[0047] The formula for calculating electromagnet 300 is as follows: , The magnetic field strength generated by electromagnet 300 The number of coil turns. For current, Let be the length of the magnetic circuit, where Total length of the magnetic circuit, including the 300mm electromagnet core, air gap, and titanium alloy bottle wall thickness.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surface defect detection device for titanium alloy parts, comprising a support base plate (100), on which a vertical support plate (101) is mounted via a rotating structure, and a horizontal support plate (102) is connected to the outside of the vertical support plate (101) via a lifting structure, characterized in that: The interior of the transverse support plate (102) is rotatably connected to a rotating hollow tube (103). The bottom of the rotating hollow tube (103) is fixedly connected to a rotating plate (104). The bottom of the rotating plate (104) is fixedly connected to a first lower hollow connecting tube (105). The interior of the rotating plate (104) is connected to a second lower hollow connecting tube (1051) through a sliding structure. The bottoms of the first lower hollow connecting tube (105) and the second lower hollow connecting tube (1051) are both connected to a soft connecting section (106). A scanning detection head (107) is installed at the bottom of the soft connecting section (106). The soft connecting section (106) is rotatably connected to an elastic rotating wheel (108). The outer side of the elastic rotating wheel (108) has multiple negative pressure adsorption holes (114) formed by an adsorption structure. The negative pressure adsorption holes (114) are used to generate negative pressure to drive the elastic rotating wheel (108) and the scanning detection head (107) to come close to the surface of the titanium alloy part for bonding detection.

2. The surface defect detection device for titanium alloy parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption structure includes a micro air pump (109) fixedly connected to the transverse support plate (102). The air inlet of the micro air pump (109) is connected to a first electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve (110). One of the air inlets of the first electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve (110) is connected to a first delivery pipe (111). The air inlet of the first delivery pipe (111) passes through the interior of the rotating hollow pipe (103), the first lower hollow connecting pipe (105), and the soft connecting section (106) and is connected to a second electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve (112). The two air inlets of the second electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve (112) are connected to a second delivery pipe (113). The end of the second delivery pipe (113) away from the second electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve (112) is connected to the elastic rotating wheel (108). The negative pressure adsorption hole (114) is connected to the elastic rotating wheel (108).

3. The surface defect detection device for titanium alloy parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adsorption structure also includes multiple elastic expansion bladders (200), which are respectively installed inside the elastic rotating wheel (108). The negative pressure adsorption hole (114) is opened on the outer wall of the elastic rotating wheel (108). The outlet of the micro air pump (109) is connected to a gas diversion control valve (201). One of the outlets of the gas diversion control valve (201) is connected to a third delivery pipe (202). The outlet of the third delivery pipe (202) passes through the rotating hollow tube (103), the first lower hollow connecting tube (105), and the elastic expansion bladder. The outer wall of (200) is connected to a third electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve (203). The outlet of the third electrically controlled multi-way diverter valve (203) is connected to a fourth delivery pipe (204). The outlet of the fourth delivery pipe (204) penetrates the inner wall of the elastic rotating wheel (108) and is connected to a circular multi-way diverter valve (206). Multiple outlets of the circular multi-way diverter valve (206) are respectively connected to multiple air delivery hoses (207). One end of the multiple air delivery hoses (207) away from the circular multi-way diverter valve (206) is respectively connected to the outer chamber of the elastic expansion bladder (200).

4. The surface defect detection device for titanium alloy parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: An electromagnet (300) is fixedly connected to the side of the elastic expansion bladder (200) away from the circular multi-way diverter valve (206). The electromagnet (300) has an opening on its exterior that is identical to the negative pressure adsorption hole (114). The calculation formula for the electromagnet (300) is as follows: , The magnetic field strength generated by the electromagnet (300) is... The number of coil turns. For current, Let be the length of the magnetic circuit, where The total length of the magnetic circuit, including the electromagnet (300) core, air gap, and titanium alloy bottle wall thickness.

5. The surface defect detection device for titanium alloy parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: An elastic rubber seat (400) is fixedly connected to the side of the electromagnet (300) away from the elastic expansion bladder (200), and multiple silicon steel sheets (401) are embedded inside the elastic rubber seat (400).

6. The surface defect detection device for titanium alloy parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting structure includes a lifting motor (600), which is fixedly connected to the outside of the vertical support plate (101). The outside of the vertical support plate (101) is provided with a moving groove, and a threaded lifting seat (700) is slidably connected inside the moving groove. The output shaft of the lifting motor (600) is fixedly connected to a lifting screw (601). One end of the lifting screw (601) passes through the inner wall of the threaded lifting seat (700) and is threadedly connected to the threaded lifting seat (700). The side of the horizontal support plate (102) near the threaded lifting seat (700) is fixedly connected to the threaded lifting seat (700).

7. The surface defect detection device for titanium alloy parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating structure includes a rotating seat (800), which is fixedly connected to the supporting base plate (100). The bottom of the vertical support plate (101) is inserted into the interior of the rotating seat (800). The rotating seat (800) and the vertical support plate (101) are both threadedly connected to a fixed rotating screw (801). The fixed rotating screw (801) is threadedly connected to a nut. The elastic rotating wheel (108) is fixedly connected to a universal ball (900).

8. The surface defect detection device for titanium alloy parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A central shaft drive motor (500) is fixedly connected to the transverse support plate (102), and a drive gear (501) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the central shaft drive motor (500). A driven gear (502) is fixedly connected to the rotating hollow tube (103), and the drive gear (501) and the driven gear (502) are meshed together.

9. The surface defect detection device for titanium alloy parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure adsorption hole (114) is internally connected to a constant pressure valve plate (205), and the outer wall of the constant pressure valve plate (205) protrudes from the air inlet of the negative pressure adsorption hole (114).

10. The surface defect detection device for titanium alloy parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding structure includes a T-shaped groove inside the rotating plate (104), a T-shaped slider is slidably connected inside the T-shaped groove, the bottom of the T-shaped slider is fixedly connected to the top of the second lower hollow connecting tube (1051), and a camera (115) is installed at the bottom of the scanning detection head (107).

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