Telescopic protection type four-needle miniature probe for measuring resistivity of sample soil material and use method of four-needle miniature probe

Abstract

The invention relates to the related technical field of electrical sensors, in particular to a telescopic protection type four-needle miniature probe for measuring the resistivity of a sample soil material and a using method thereof.The telescopic protection type four-needle miniature probe comprises a shell and a bottom plate fixed to one side of the shell, the shell and the bottom plate form a protection cavity, and the telescopic protection type four-needle miniature probe further comprises a connector movably arranged in the protection cavity; the connector is connected with four probes, and four first through holes for the four probes to pass through are formed in the bottom plate; the control mechanism is arranged in the protection cavity and used for switching the blocking state and the conducting state of the first through hole, and the connector can be driven by a driving mechanism arranged in the protection cavity to promote the probe to move towards the outside or the inside of the shell; through the telescopic design of the probe, the probe can be effectively protected, and the protection mechanism of the electrical sensor can effectively reduce the influence of external factors on the electrical sensor, so that the accuracy and reliability of measurement are improved, and the development of a soil resistivity measurement technology is further promoted.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electrical sensors, and particularly relates to a telescopic protection type four-needle micro probe for measuring the resistivity of sample soil material and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Soil resistivity measurement is of great significance for soil quality assessment, soil salt monitoring and soil fertility research, and is an indispensable part of precision agriculture and environmental monitoring. By measuring soil resistivity, the content of salt, water and other components in the soil can be effectively reflected, providing a scientific basis for soil improvement, irrigation management and crop planting. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out soil resistivity measurement.

[0003] In order to realize the measurement of soil resistivity, a four-needle micro probe emerges as the times require. The four-needle micro probe is inserted into the soil, and the soil conductivity is determined by measuring the conductivity between the probes, and then the soil resistivity is calculated. Its principle is based on electrical sensor technology, which uses electrical sensors to convert electrical signals in the soil into measurable electrical signals, thereby realizing accurate measurement of soil resistivity. This measurement method can monitor soil conductivity in real time, and is suitable for high-precision soil salt monitoring, providing strong support for soil research and application. Electrical sensors play a key role in this process, and their performance directly affects the accuracy and reliability of the measurement.

[0004] However, the existing measurement equipment has some problems in the use process. The probes on it are usually exposed to the outside, and are easily damaged during the transfer process of daily use. Moreover, if the surface of the probe is adhered to some foreign matter or residual soil particles from the last measurement, it will cause deviation to the measurement result of the next use. Therefore, the protection of the electrical sensor is crucial to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the measurement, and the existing four-needle micro probe still has a lot of room for improvement in the protection of the electrical sensor and the stability of the measurement accuracy. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a telescopic protection type four-needle micro probe for measuring the resistivity of sample soil material and a use method thereof, to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions: A telescopic protection type four-needle micro probe for measuring the resistivity of sample soil material, comprising a shell and a bottom plate fixed to one side of the shell, the shell and the bottom plate forming a protection chamber, further comprising: A connector movably arranged in the protection chamber, the connector being connected with four probes, and the bottom plate being provided with four first through holes for the four probes to pass through; The control mechanism is arranged in the protection chamber and used for switching the first through hole between the closed state and the open state. The connector can be driven by the driving mechanism arranged in the protection chamber, so as to drive the probe to move towards the outside or the inside of the shell. The control mechanism is connected with the driving mechanism and can respectively open and close the first through hole before and after the probe is led out of the shell and led into the shell. The cleaning mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate away from the shell. When the probe moves towards the protection chamber, the cleaning mechanism can rotate relative to the probe to clean the surface of the probe.

[0007] As a further scheme of the present application, the driving mechanism comprises a first screw rod rotatably arranged in the shell and a first threaded sleeve sleeved on the first screw rod and threadedly connected with the first screw rod. The first threaded sleeve is fixedly connected with the side of the connector. A first motor is further arranged on the shell. The output end of the first motor is connected with the first screw rod. The first threaded sleeve is provided with a follower arm which is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the shell. The follower arm is arranged in a U-shaped form. The two ends of the follower arm are matched with the control mechanism.

[0008] As a further scheme of the present application, the bottom plate is provided with two oppositely arranged guide members. The control mechanism comprises a baffle which is slidingly embedded between the two guide members and in sealing sliding fit with the bottom plate. The baffle is provided with four second through holes through which the four probes pass. The baffle is connected with two groups of elastic supporting assemblies arranged in the shell. The two ends of the follower arm are respectively provided with a follower wheel. The two follower wheels are respectively matched with the two groups of elastic supporting assemblies.

[0009] As a further scheme of the present application, the elastic supporting assembly comprises a fixed plate arranged on the bottom plate and a plurality of driven rods slidingly arranged on the fixed plate. A strip-shaped plate is fixedly connected between the driven rods. The baffle is connected with the strip-shaped plate through a connecting column. The side of the guide member is provided with a strip-shaped through slot for the movement of the connecting column. The outer periphery of the driven rod is sleeved with a first spring. One end of the first spring is connected with the fixed plate. The other end is connected with a circular truncated cone fixedly arranged on the end of the driven rod away from the strip-shaped plate.

[0010] As a further scheme of the present application, the strip-shaped plate is in abutment with the follower wheel. The end of the strip-shaped plate away from the bottom plate is formed with a protruding portion. The side of the strip-shaped plate is formed with a flat surface. The protruding portion is formed with an inclined surface connected with the flat surface.

[0011] As a further scheme of the present application, the cleaning mechanism comprises four tubes rotatably mounted on the side of the bottom plate away from the shell, the tubes are concentric with the probe, and the four tubes can be driven to rotate by a power assembly arranged on the bottom plate; The cleaning mechanism further comprises: Two arc-shaped members connected with the tubes through a clamping assembly and capable of moving radially along the tubes, the inner wall of the arc-shaped members is provided with a spiral groove, the clamping assembly can be driven by a threaded assembly arranged on the bottom plate to make the two arc-shaped members perform clamping and releasing actions, and when the two arc-shaped members are closed, a cylindrical structure enveloping the probe and rotating synchronously with the tubes can be formed.

[0012] As a further scheme of the present application, the power assembly comprises a second motor mounted on the bottom plate and a gear fixed to the output shaft of the second motor, the tubes are provided with toothed rings, and a plurality of the toothed rings are connected with the gear through a toothed belt.

[0013] As a further scheme of the present application, the end of the tube away from the bottom plate is provided with two supporting arms, the clamping assembly comprises two sliding blocks respectively slidingly arranged on the two supporting arms, and a ring body is slidingly arranged on the tube, two push-pull rods are hinged to the ring body, and the end of the push-pull rod away from the ring body is hinged to the sliding block. The sliding block is fixedly connected with an assembling arm, a plurality of sliding rods fixedly connected with the arc-shaped members are slidingly arranged on the assembling arm, and the outer periphery of the sliding rod is sleeved with a second spring having two ends respectively connected with the assembling arm and the arc-shaped member.

[0014] As a further scheme of the present application, the threaded assembly comprises a third motor mounted on the bottom plate, a second screw rod connected with the output end of the third motor, and a second threaded sleeve sleeved on the second screw rod and threadedly connected with the second screw rod. Two guide columns are further arranged on the bottom plate, a connecting plate is slidingly arranged on the two guide columns, the connecting plate is rotatably connected with the ring body, and a connecting rod is further arranged between the connecting plate and the second threaded sleeve, and the two ends of the connecting rod are hinged to the connecting plate and the second threaded sleeve respectively.

[0015] A method for using the four-needle micro probe for measuring the resistivity of soil material in a retractable protection mode; Before starting the measurement, the driving mechanism drives the connector to move towards the bottom plate, the control mechanism makes the first through hole conductive, the probe passes through the first through hole and extends outside the shell; The measurement is performed, the probe is inserted into the soil in the measured area, and the obtained measurement data is analyzed; After the measurement is completed, the drive mechanism moves the connector away from the base plate, the probe retracts into the housing, the cleaning mechanism removes the soil impurities adhering to the probe surface, and after the probe has completely reached the inside of the housing, the control mechanism seals the first through hole.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: After the measurement is completed, once the probe retracts into the housing, the control mechanism is triggered, switching the conduction state of the first through hole to the blocking state. This allows the housing and the base plate to form a closed chamber. Therefore, the telescopic design of the probe effectively protects it, preventing damage caused by exposure to the outside world and the adhesion of foreign objects that could lead to deviations in the measurement results. By improving the protection mechanism of the electrical sensor, the influence of external factors on the electrical sensor can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the measurement and further promoting the development of soil resistivity measurement technology. Secondly, as the probe retracts into the housing, the cleaning mechanism operates. The probe passes through the cleaning mechanism, which removes the soil adhering to and remaining on the probe surface, effectively ensuring the cleanliness of the probe and preventing soil residue from the previous use from interfering with the measurement results of the next time. The device incorporates two arc-shaped components that, when joined together, form a cylindrical structure that encloses the probe. The inner wall of this cylindrical structure has a spiral channel. Therefore, as the probe retracts towards the interior of the housing, the cylindrical structure removes soil adhering to the probe's surface. Furthermore, the rotation of the cylindrical structure and the spiral channel on its inner wall exert a downward force on impurities with strong adhesion to the probe surface, thereby promoting separation of the impurities from the probe and achieving efficient cleaning of the probe. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of one embodiment of a telescopic protective four-pin micro probe for measuring the resistivity of soil sample materials.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another aspect of an embodiment of a four-pin micro probe for measuring the resistivity of soil materials using a telescopic protective design.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a four-pin micro probe for measuring the resistivity of soil sample material using a telescopic protective design, taken from another angle.

[0020] Figure 4 A front view of one embodiment of a telescopic protective four-pin miniature probe for measuring the resistivity of soil sample materials.

[0021] Figure 5The structure diagram of the cleaning mechanism in one embodiment of the four-needle micro probe for measuring the resistivity of sample soil material in telescopic protection mode.

[0022] Figure 6 The structure diagram of the cleaning mechanism in one embodiment of the four-needle micro probe for measuring the resistivity of sample soil material in telescopic protection mode.

[0023] Figure 7 For Figure 6 The structure diagram of the cleaning mechanism in one embodiment of the four-needle micro probe for measuring the resistivity of sample soil material in telescopic protection mode.

[0024] Figure 8 The structure diagram of the cleaning mechanism in one embodiment of the four-needle micro probe for measuring the resistivity of sample soil material in telescopic protection mode.

[0025] Figure 9 The structure diagram of the cleaning mechanism in one embodiment of the four-needle micro probe for measuring the resistivity of sample soil material in telescopic protection mode.

[0026] Figure 10 The structure diagram of the cleaning mechanism in one embodiment of the four-needle micro probe for measuring the resistivity of sample soil material in telescopic protection mode.

[0027] In the figure: 1, the shell; 2, the connector; 3, the probe; 4, the connecting line; 5, the connecting head; 6, the bottom plate; 601, the first through hole; 602, the guide; 603, the strip-shaped through slot; 7, the first motor; 8, the first screw rod; 9, the first threaded sleeve; 901, the follower arm; 902, the follower wheel; 10, the strip-shaped plate; 1001, the protruding part; 1002, the flat surface; 1003, the inclined surface; 11, the fixed plate part; 12, the driven rod; 1201, the circular table; 13, the first spring; 14, the pipe; 1401, the support arm; 1402, the tooth ring; 15, the toothed belt; 16, the second motor; 1601, the gear; 17, the third motor; 18, the second screw rod; 19, the second threaded sleeve; 20, the connecting rod; 21, the guide column; 22, the connecting plate; 23, the ring body; 24, the push-pull rod; 25, the sliding block; 2501, the assembly arm; 26, the sliding rod; 27, the second spring; 28, the arc-shaped part; 2801, the spiral groove; 29, the baffle; 2901, the second through hole; 2902, the connecting column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] In addition, elements in the application can be referred to as "fixed" or "set" on another element, which can be directly on another element or can exist with a middle element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to another element or can exist with a middle element. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not the only implementation.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1-10 In an embodiment of the application, a telescopic protective four-needle micro probe for measuring the resistivity of soil material includes a shell 1, a bottom plate 6 fixed to one side of the shell 1, and a protective chamber formed by the shell 1 and the bottom plate 6. The protective chamber further includes: A connector 2 movably arranged in the protective chamber, the connector 2 being connected with four probes 3, and the bottom plate 6 being provided with four first through holes 601 for the four probes 3 to pass through; A control mechanism arranged in the protective chamber for switching the first through holes 601 between a blocked state and a conductive state, the connector 2 being driven by a driving mechanism arranged in the protective chamber to move the probes 3 towards the outside or inside of the shell 1, the control mechanism being connected with the driving mechanism and being capable of respectively opening and blocking the first through holes 601 before and after the probes 3 are led out of the shell 1 or led into the shell 1; A cleaning mechanism arranged on the side of the bottom plate 6 away from the shell 1, the cleaning mechanism being capable of rotating relative to the probes 3 to perform a cleaning action on the surface of the probes 3 when the probes 3 move towards the protective chamber.

[0031] It should be noted that a connecting head 5 is arranged on the side of the shell 1 away from the bottom plate 6, and the connecting head 5 is connected with an external receiving processor through a wire. Since the connector 2 moves towards or away from the bottom plate 6 under the driving of the driving mechanism during use, an electrical connection is established between the connector 2 and the connecting head 5 through a connecting line 4. It should be noted that the connecting line 4 has a certain length to ensure that the probes 3, the connector 2 and the external receiving processor remain electrically connected without affecting the normal movement of the connector 2 and the probes 3.

[0032] Further, as shown in the attached Figure 9 In this state, the probes 3 are in an elongated state and located outside the shell 1. During use, the probes 3 are inserted into the soil to be measured. After the measurement is completed, the driving mechanism works to drive the connector 2 to move away from the bottom plate 6 in the shell 1, and correspondingly, the connector 2 drives the probe 3 to retract into the shell 1. After the probe 3 is retracted into the shell 1, the control mechanism triggers to switch the first through hole 601 from the conducting state to the blocking state, so that the shell 1 and the bottom plate 6 can form a closed chamber. Therefore, through the telescopic design of the probe 3, the probe 3 can be effectively protected, avoiding damage and adhesion of foreign matters to cause deviation of the measurement result. Secondly, during the retraction of the probe 3 into the shell 1, the cleaning mechanism works, and the probe 3 passes through the cleaning mechanism. The cleaning mechanism can remove the soil adhered to the surface of the probe 3, effectively ensuring the cleanliness of the probe 3, and avoiding the interference of the soil remaining on the surface of the probe 3 after the last use on the next measurement result. Specifically, the residual soil on the probe 3 can change the actual contact area and contact state between the probe 3 and the surrounding soil. Normally, the probe 3 should be in full contact with the soil to be measured, and the relationship between the current and the voltage between the probes 3 is measured to accurately calculate the electrical conductivity of the soil. However, when there is residual soil, the current passing through the residual soil will generate an additional potential difference, affecting the measurement of the voltage, and thus leading to inaccurate calculation of the electrical conductivity. If the electrical conductivity of the residual soil is higher than that of the soil to be measured, the measurement result will be higher; otherwise, the measurement result will be lower. The impurities in the residual soil, such as different salts and organic matter, can form a complex electrolyte environment between the probe 3 and the soil to be measured. These impurities will produce interference current or charge accumulation under the action of the electric field, affecting the stability and accuracy of the signal, and leading to fluctuations or deviations in the measured conductivity signal.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the driving mechanism includes a first lead screw 8 rotatably installed in the shell 1 and a first threaded sleeve 9 sleeved on the first lead screw 8 and threadedly connected with the first lead screw 8. The first threaded sleeve 9 is fixedly connected with the side of the connector 2. A first motor 7 is also installed on the shell 1, and the output end of the first motor 7 is connected with the first lead screw 8. A follow-up arm 901 is arranged on the first threaded sleeve 9, and the follow-up arm 901 is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the shell 1. The follow-up arm 901 is arranged in a "U" shape, and the two ends of the follow-up arm 901 are matched with the control mechanism.

[0034] Further, after the measurement work is finished, the four probes 3 need to be retracted into the shell 1 for protection. At this time, the first motor 7 drives the first screw rod 8 to rotate forward. Since the follower arm 901 is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the shell 1, the first screw sleeve 9 is in threaded fit with the first screw rod 8, the connector 2 is moved away from the bottom plate 6, and correspondingly, the four probes 3 are retracted into the shell 1. On the contrary, when the soil measurement work is needed to be performed, the first motor 7 drives the first screw rod 8 to rotate reversely, the first screw sleeve 9 drives the connector 2 to move close to the bottom plate 6, and then the probes 3 can pass through the first through hole 601 in the open state and be guided out of the shell 1.

[0035] Please refer again to Figure 8 and Figure 10 The bottom plate 6 is provided with two oppositely arranged guide members 602. The control mechanism comprises a baffle 29 which is slidingly fitted between the two guide members 602 and is in sealing sliding fit with the bottom plate 6. The baffle 29 is provided with four second through holes 2901 through which the four probes 3 can pass. The baffle 29 is connected with two groups of elastic support assemblies arranged in the shell 1. The two ends of the follower arm 901 are respectively provided with a follower wheel 902. The two follower wheels 902 are respectively matched with the two groups of elastic support assemblies.

[0036] The elastic support assembly comprises a fixed plate member 11 fixed to the bottom plate 6 and a plurality of driven rods 12 slidingly arranged on the fixed plate member 11. A strip-shaped plate 10 is fixedly connected between the plurality of driven rods 12. The baffle 29 is connected with the strip-shaped plate 10 through a connecting column 2902. The side of the guide member 602 is provided with a strip-shaped through slot 603 for the movement of the connecting column 2902. The outer periphery of the driven rod 12 is provided with a first spring 13. One end of the first spring 13 is connected with the fixed plate member 11, and the other end is connected with a circular truncated cone 1201 fixed to the end of the driven rod 12 away from the strip-shaped plate 10.

[0037] The strip-shaped plate 10 abuts against the follower wheel 902. The end of the strip-shaped plate 10 away from the bottom plate 6 is formed with a protruding portion 1001. The side of the strip-shaped plate 10 is formed with a flat surface 1002. The protruding portion 1001 is formed with an inclined surface 1003 connected with the flat surface 1002.

[0038] In detail, as shown in the accompanying drawings Figure 8In the shown state, the first spring 13 is in a compressed state, the first through hole 601 coincides with the second through hole 2901, and the four probes 3 are in a leading-out state. When the probes 3 are retracted, the first threaded sleeve 9 drives the connector 2 to move away from the bottom plate 6 in the shell 1, correspondingly, the follower wheel 902 rolls along the flat surface 1002 towards the inclined surface 1003. When the follower wheel 902 is about to be separated from the flat surface 1002, the probes 3 have been retracted from the first through hole 601 and the second through hole 2901. When the probes 3 are fully retracted, the connector 2 continues to move away from the bottom plate 6 by a distance. During this process, after the follower wheel 902 is separated from the flat surface 1002, the first spring 13 rebounds, so that the inclined surface 1003 keeps abutting against the follower wheel 902. During the rebounding process of the first spring 13, the driven rod 12 slides relative to the fixed plate 11, and the driven rod 12 drives the strip-shaped plate 10 to slide between the two guide members 602 through the connecting column 2902, thereby driving the baffle 29 to slide between the two guide members 602. Specifically, after the baffle 29 slides between the two guide members 602, the first through hole 601 and the second through hole 2901 are switched from the coincident state to the misaligned state. Thus, the baffle 29 can effectively block the first through hole 601, so that the shell 1 and the bottom plate 6 form an effective closed chamber, which can effectively isolate the probes 3 from the outside and protect the probes 3. Conversely, when the soil needs to be measured, the connector 2 moves towards the bottom plate 6 during the process of leading out the probes 3 to the outside of the shell 1. During the previous stroke, the follower wheel 902 rolls along the inclined surface 1003, so that the strip-shaped plate 10 is displaced, the first spring 13 is compressed, and the baffle 29 reversely slides between the two guide members 602, so that the first through hole 601 and the second through hole 2901 are switched from the misaligned state to the coincident state. Thus, the follower wheel 902 subsequently rolls along the flat surface 1002, the probes 3 pass through the second through hole 2901 and the first through hole 601, and are led out to the outside of the shell 1.

[0039] Please refer again to Figure 3 and Figure 5 The cleaning mechanism comprises four pipe members 14 rotatably installed on the side of the bottom plate 6 away from the shell 1, the pipe members 14 are concentric with the probes 3, and the four pipe members 14 can be driven to rotate by a power assembly arranged on the bottom plate 6. The cleaning mechanism further comprises: Two arc-shaped members 28 are connected with the pipe 14 through a clamping assembly and can move radially along the pipe 14, the inner wall of the arc-shaped member 28 is provided with a spiral groove 2801, the clamping assembly can be driven by a threaded assembly arranged on the bottom plate 6 to make the two arc-shaped members 28 perform clamping and opening actions, when the two arc-shaped members 28 are closed, a cylindrical structure that envelopes the probe 3 and rotates synchronously with the pipe 14 can be formed.

[0040] In detail, by arranging two arc-shaped members 28, when the two arc-shaped members 28 are closed, a cylindrical structure that envelopes the probe 3 is formed, and the inner wall of the cylindrical structure is provided with a spiral channel, therefore, in the process of the probe 3 shrinking towards the inside of the shell 1, the cylindrical structure can play a role of removing the soil attached to the surface of the probe 3, on the other hand, cooperating with the rotation of the cylindrical structure and the spiral channel on the inner wall thereof, a downward pushing force can be applied to the impurities with strong adhesion on the surface of the probe 3, thereby promoting the separation of the impurities and the probe 3, realizing the efficient cleaning function of the probe 3, and using this mechanical means to automatically clean the probe 3 can improve the work efficiency, at the same time, it can also avoid the problem of inaccurate measurement results caused by missing due to manual cleaning.

[0041] The power assembly includes a second motor 16 mounted on the bottom plate 6 and a gear 1601 fixed with the output shaft of the second motor 16, the pipe 14 is provided with a toothed ring 1402, and a plurality of toothed rings 1402 are connected with the gear 1601 through a toothed belt 15.

[0042] When the probe 3 shrinks towards the inside of the shell 1, the second motor 16 drives the gear 1601 to rotate, and then the gear 1601 drives the pipe 14 to rotate through the toothed belt 15 and the toothed ring 1402, and then the cylindrical structure that envelopes the probe 3 rotates synchronously with the pipe 14 at this time, so as to apply a downward pushing force to the impurities with strong adhesion on the surface of the probe 3 through the spiral channel on the inner wall, and promote the separation of the impurities and the probe 3.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 7 , the pipe 14 is provided with two supporting arms 1401 away from the bottom plate 6, the clamping assembly includes two sliding blocks 25 respectively slidingly arranged on the two supporting arms 1401, the pipe 14 is further provided with a ring body 23 slidingly arranged thereon, the ring body 23 is hingedly provided with two push-pull rods 24, one end of the push-pull rod 24 away from the ring body 23 is hingedly connected with the sliding block 25; the sliding block 25 is fixedly connected with an assembly arm 2501, a plurality of sliding rods 26 fixedly connected with the arc-shaped member 28 are slidingly arranged on the assembly arm 2501, the sliding rod 26 is sleeved with a second spring 27 having two ends respectively connected with the assembly arm 2501 and the arc-shaped member 28.

[0044] The threaded assembly comprises a third motor 17 mounted on the bottom plate 6, a second screw rod 18 connected to the output end of the third motor 17, and a second threaded sleeve 19 sleeved on the second screw rod 18 and threadedly connected with the second screw rod 18; two guide columns 21 are further arranged on the bottom plate 6, a connecting plate 22 is slidably arranged on the two guide columns 21, the connecting plate 22 is rotationally connected with the ring body 23, and a connecting rod 20 is further arranged between the connecting plate 22 and the second threaded sleeve 19, and the two ends of the connecting rod 20 are respectively hingedly connected with the connecting plate 22 and the second threaded sleeve 19.

[0045] Before the probe 3 is retracted towards the inside of the shell 1, the third motor 17 drives the second screw rod 18 to rotate in the positive direction, so that the second threaded sleeve 19 threadedly cooperates with the second screw rod 18, the second threaded sleeve 19 moves away from the third motor 17, and pushes the connecting plate 22 to slide on the two guide columns 21 towards the bottom plate 6 through the connecting rod 20, correspondingly, the connecting plate 22 drives the ring body 23 to slide on the pipe 14 towards the bottom plate 6, and the ring body 23 pulls the sliding block 25 to slide on the supporting arm 1401 towards the pipe 14 through the push-pull rod 24, so that the arc-shaped piece 28 can be close to the probe 3, and the two arc-shaped pieces 28 perform a folding action to form the cylindrical structure. After the arc-shaped piece 28 contacts the probe 3, with the continuous sliding of the sliding block 25, the assembly arm 2501 will relatively slide with the sliding rod 26, so that the second spring 27 is compressed, and then, under the elastic support of the second spring 27, the arc-shaped piece 28 can be kept in close contact with the surface of the probe 3, so as to ensure the effectiveness of cleaning.

[0046] As another embodiment of the present application, a use method of the telescopic protection type four-needle micro probe for measuring the resistivity of soil sample material is further provided. Before starting the measurement, the driving mechanism drives the connector 2 to move towards the bottom plate 6, and the control mechanism opens the first through hole 601, and the probe 3 passes through the first through hole 601 and extends outside the shell 1. During the measurement, the probe 3 is inserted into the soil of the measured area, and the obtained measurement data is analyzed. After the measurement is completed, the driving mechanism drives the connector 2 to move away from the bottom plate 6, the probe 3 is retracted into the shell 1, the cleaning mechanism removes the soil impurities adhered to the surface of the probe 3, and after the probe 3 completely reaches the inside of the shell 1, the control mechanism blocks the first through hole 601.

[0047] It will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that the application is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments and can be implemented in other concrete forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the application. The embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. No reference signs in the claims should be considered as limiting the scope of the claims to the identity of the reference signs therein.

[0048] Furthermore, it should be understood that although the description is made on the basis of the embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution, and the description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that those skilled in the art can understand.

Claims

1. A telescopic protective four-pin miniature probe for measuring the resistivity of soil sample materials, comprising a housing and a base plate fixed to one side of the housing, wherein the housing and the base plate form a protective chamber; Its features are, Also includes: The connector is located in the protective chamber and is connected to four probes. The base plate has four first through holes for the four probes to pass through. Located within the protective chamber, a control mechanism is used to switch between the blocking and conducting states of the first through hole. The connector can be driven by a drive mechanism located within the protective chamber, causing the probe to move towards the outside or inside of the housing. The control mechanism is connected to the drive mechanism and can conduct and block the first through hole before the probe leaves the housing and after it enters the housing, respectively. The cleaning mechanism, located on the side of the base plate away from the housing, can rotate relative to the probe when the probe moves toward the protective chamber, and perform soil removal on the probe surface.

2. The four-pin miniature probe for measuring the resistivity of soil sample materials with telescopic protection as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a first lead screw rotatably mounted inside the housing and a first threaded sleeve sleeved on and threadedly connected to the first lead screw. The first threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to the side of the connector. A first motor is also mounted on the housing, and the output end of the first motor is connected to the first lead screw. The first threaded sleeve is provided with a follower arm, which slides against the inner wall of the housing and is U-shaped, with both ends cooperating with the control mechanism.

3. The four-pin miniature probe for measuring the resistivity of soil sample materials with telescopic protection as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The base plate is provided with two opposing guide members, and the control mechanism includes a baffle that is slidably fitted between the two guide members and slidably sealed to the base plate. The baffle is provided with four second through holes through which the four probes can pass. The baffle is connected to two sets of elastic support components located inside the housing. Each end of the follower arm is provided with a follower wheel, and the two follower wheels cooperate with the two sets of elastic support components respectively.

4. A telescopic protective four-pin micro probe for measuring the resistivity of soil sample materials according to claim 3, characterized in that, The elastic support assembly includes a fixed plate fixed to the base plate and multiple driven rods slidably disposed on the fixed plate. A strip plate is fixedly connected between the multiple driven rods. The baffle is connected to the strip plate through a connecting column. The side of the guide member is provided with a strip groove for the connecting column to move. The driven rod is fitted with a first spring on its outer periphery. One end of the first spring is connected to the fixed plate, and the other end is connected to a frustum fixed to the end of the driven rod away from the strip plate.

5. A telescopic protective four-pin micro probe for measuring the resistivity of soil sample materials according to claim 4, characterized in that, The strip plate abuts against the follower wheel. A protrusion is formed at one end of the strip plate away from the base plate. A flat surface is formed on the side of the strip plate. An inclined surface connected to the flat surface is formed on the protrusion.

6. A telescopic protective four-pin miniature probe for measuring the resistivity of soil sample materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning mechanism includes four pipes rotatably mounted on the side of the base plate away from the housing. The pipes are concentric with the probe, and the four pipes can be driven to rotate by a power assembly located on the base plate. The cleaning mechanism also includes: The two arc-shaped components are connected to the tube by a tensioning assembly and can move radially along the tube. The inner wall of the arc-shaped components is provided with a spiral groove. The tensioning assembly can be driven by a threaded assembly on the base plate to cause the two arc-shaped components to perform tensioning and closing actions. When the two arc-shaped components close together, they can form a cylindrical structure that envelops the probe and rotates synchronously with the tube.

7. A telescopic protective four-pin miniature probe for measuring the resistivity of soil sample materials according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power assembly includes a second motor mounted on the base plate and a gear fixed to the output shaft of the second motor. The tube is provided with a toothed ring, and multiple toothed rings are connected to the gear by a toothed belt.

8. A telescopic protective four-pin miniature probe for measuring the resistivity of soil sample materials according to claim 6, characterized in that, Two support arms are provided at the end of the pipe fitting away from the base plate. The opening and closing assembly includes two sliders that are slidably disposed on the two support arms respectively. A ring body is also slidably disposed on the pipe fitting. Two push-pull rods are hinged to the ring body. The end of the push-pull rod away from the ring body is hinged to the slider. The slider is fixedly connected to an assembly arm, and multiple sliding rods fixedly connected to the arc-shaped component are slidably mounted on the assembly arm. A second spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of each sliding rod, with its two ends respectively connecting the assembly arm and the arc-shaped component.

9. A telescopic protective four-pin micro probe for measuring the resistivity of soil sample materials according to claim 8, characterized in that, The threaded assembly includes a third motor mounted on the base plate, a second lead screw connected to the output end of the third motor, and a second threaded sleeve sleeved on the second lead screw and threadedly connected to the second lead screw; The base plate is also provided with two guide posts, and a connecting plate is slidably provided on the two guide posts. The connecting plate is rotatably connected to the ring body. A connecting rod is also provided between the connecting plate and the second threaded sleeve. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the connecting plate and the second threaded sleeve.

10. A method of using the telescopic protective four-pin micro probe for measuring the resistivity of soil sample materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Before the measurement begins, the drive mechanism moves the connector toward the base plate, and the control mechanism opens the first through hole, through which the probe passes and extends out of the housing. Measurements are performed by inserting a probe into the soil of the area to be measured and analyzing the obtained measurement data. After the measurement is completed, the drive mechanism moves the connector away from the base plate, the probe retracts into the housing, the cleaning mechanism removes the soil impurities adhering to the probe surface, and after the probe has completely reached the inside of the housing, the control mechanism seals the first through hole.

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