An automatic testing system and method for phased array antennas

Abstract

This invention discloses an automated testing system and method for phased array antennas, belonging to the field of phased array antenna technology. The system includes: a multi-functional control chassis for receiving coordination commands from a host computer and decomposing these commands into control commands for each component in the testing system, which are then sent to the target components to control the coordinated operation of each component and complete the automated testing of the phased array antenna; a switch matrix chassis for realizing cross-input and output of signals between the horn antenna and the phased array antenna under test, and performing vector data testing or spectrum data testing according to control commands; a frequency conversion switch matrix chassis for completing signal conversion for the horn antenna; and an amplification switch matrix chassis for realizing signal conversion for the phased array antenna under test. The components within the chassis adopt a universal modular design, featuring high reliability, good maintainability, and low system construction cost. This enables automated testing, improving the testing efficiency of phased array antennas and reducing manual intervention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of phased array antenna technology, and in particular to an automated testing system and method for phased array antennas. Background Technology

[0002] Phased array antennas, with their core advantages such as rapid beam scanning, multi-target tracking, high gain, and strong anti-interference capabilities, have evolved from "special equipment" in fields like communications and radar to "basic equipment" supporting the development of next-generation information technologies such as 5G and satellite internet. As technology iterates and application scenarios continue to expand, the market is placing higher demands on the production volume, performance consistency, and reliability of phased array antennas, making the testing of phased array antennas face increasingly stringent challenges.

[0003] However, the phased array antenna testing methods widely used in the industry are still based on the traditional testing system model of "discrete equipment + manual operation". This system typically consists of independent general-purpose instruments such as vector network analyzers, signal generators, spectrum analyzers, and manual turntables. During testing, it heavily relies on manual operation and has several inherent drawbacks:

[0004] Low automation and low testing efficiency: The testing process requires manual intervention in various steps, including clamping the antenna under test, setting up and switching the test environment (such as switching from S-parameter testing to radiation pattern testing), configuring instrument parameters, and executing test sequences. This highly manual operation mode makes the testing process cumbersome and time-consuming, failing to meet the urgent need for testing efficiency in the mass production of phased array antennas.

[0005] Poor system coordination makes it difficult to guarantee measurement accuracy and consistency: There is a lack of unified collaborative control mechanism among the discrete instruments, and the synchronization between instrument triggering and data acquisition is poor. Test results are highly susceptible to uncertainties such as operator proficiency, operating sequence, and cable status, introducing significant human error. This results in poor repeatability and consistency of test data, making it difficult to accurately evaluate and compare antenna performance.

[0006] Low system integration, insufficient flexibility and scalability: Traditional systems are fixed combinations of antennas for specific indicators and specific frequency bands, resulting in a rigid architecture. When it is necessary to test phased array antennas with different functions (such as transceiver integration, frequency conversion), different frequency bands, or different sizes, it is often necessary to reconfigure, connect, and calibrate the entire system. The system setup is complex, has poor adaptability, and cannot quickly respond to diverse testing needs.

[0007] Data management is fragmented and lacks intelligence: the recording, processing, and analysis of test data typically rely on manual reading from various instruments and inputting them into spreadsheet software such as Excel for post-processing. This method is not only inefficient and prone to transcription errors, but also fails to achieve real-time analysis of test data, automatic anomaly detection, and automatic generation of test reports, making it difficult to support closed-loop quality data management in intelligent manufacturing.

[0008] Therefore, the existing testing methods that rely on "discrete equipment + manual intervention" create a sharp contradiction between the development trend of phased array antennas towards "high integration, multiple scenarios, and mass production," resulting in "low efficiency, low precision, and high cost." The industry urgently needs a phased array antenna testing system and method that can achieve full-process automation, high precision, high reliability, and good scalability to overcome these shortcomings. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide an automated testing system and method for phased array antennas. The system employs a chassis design, with each component using a universal modular design. This results in a system characterized by high reliability, good maintainability, and low system setup cost. Furthermore, the system can automate the clamping, calibration, and testing of phased array antennas with different functional requirements, perform automated data analysis, automated screening of abnormal products, and automated report output. This significantly improves the testing efficiency of phased array antennas, reduces manual intervention, decreases reliance on human experience, improves the accuracy of test data, lowers testing costs, and accelerates the mass application of phased array antennas in various fields.

[0010] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: The first aspect of this invention provides: an automated testing system for phased array antennas, comprising a host computer connected to a multi-functional control chassis, the multi-functional control chassis being connected to a switch matrix chassis, a frequency conversion switch matrix chassis, an amplification switch matrix chassis, a vector network analyzer, a spectrum analyzer, a signal generator, and the phased array antenna under test; the switch matrix chassis being connected to the frequency conversion switch matrix chassis, the amplification switch matrix chassis, the vector network analyzer, the spectrum analyzer, and the signal generator; the frequency conversion switch matrix chassis being connected to a horn antenna; and the amplification switch matrix chassis being connected to the phased array antenna under test.

[0011] The multi-functional control chassis receives coordination commands from the host computer and decomposes these commands into control commands for each component in the test system, which are then sent to the target components to control the coordinated operation of each component and complete the automated testing of the phased array antenna. The switch matrix chassis enables cross-input and output of signals between the horn antenna and the phased array antenna under test, and performs vector data testing or spectrum data testing according to control commands. The frequency conversion switch matrix chassis performs signal conversion for the horn antenna, including signal transmission amplification, signal reception amplification, signal transmission frequency conversion amplification, and signal reception frequency conversion amplification. The amplification switch matrix chassis performs signal conversion for the phased array antenna under test, including phased array signal transmission amplification, phased array signal reception amplification, phased array signal pass-through, and phased array signal attenuation.

[0012] When the test system tests the phased array antenna under test, the host computer controls the test system to operate in the target type phased array test mode; the switch matrix chassis selects a vector network analyzer to perform vector data testing or selects a signal generator and spectrum analyzer to perform spectrum data testing according to the control command; during spectrum data testing, the signal under test is coupled part of the signal to the detector through a coupler, and the multi-function control chassis compares the signal sampling data with the system trigger signal to complete the time data test of the phased array antenna under test.

[0013] Preferably, the switch matrix chassis includes a first single-pole double-throw (SPD) switch, a second SPD switch, a third SPD switch, a fourth SPD switch, a fifth SPD switch, a sixth SPD switch, a first control power supply module, a first detector, a second detector, a first coupler, and a second coupler; the first switching terminal of the first SPD switch is connected to a signal generator, the second switching terminal of the first SPD switch is connected to a vector network analyzer, and the common terminal of the first SPD switch is connected to the common terminal of the second SPD switch; the first switching terminal of the second SPD switch is connected to the first switching terminal of the third SPD switch, and the second switching terminal of the second SPD switch is connected to the first switching terminal of the fourth SPD switch; the second switching terminal of the third SPD switch is connected to the fifth SPD switch. The first switching terminal of the single-pole double-throw switch and the common terminal of the third single-pole double-throw switch are connected to the first coupler; the second switching terminal of the fourth single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the second switching terminal of the fifth single-pole double-throw switch, and the common terminal of the fourth single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the second coupler; the common terminal of the fifth single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the common terminal of the sixth single-pole double-throw switch; the first switching terminal of the sixth single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the spectrum analyzer, and the second switching terminal of the sixth single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the vector network analyzer; the first coupler is connected to the first detector and the frequency converter switch matrix chassis; the first detector is connected to the first control power module; the first control power module is connected to the multi-functional control chassis and the second detector; the second detector is connected to the second coupler; and the second coupler is connected to the amplifier switch matrix chassis.

[0014] Preferably, the frequency converter switch matrix chassis includes a third coupler, a fourth coupler, a third detector, a fourth detector, a frequency source, a first single-pole four-throw switch, a second single-pole four-throw switch, a seventh single-pole double-throw switch, a first mixer, a second mixer, a first power amplifier, a second power amplifier, a first low-noise amplifier, a second low-noise amplifier, and a second control power supply module.

[0015] The third coupler connects the switch matrix chassis, the common terminal of the second single-pole four-throw switch, and the third detector; the third detector connects to the second control power module; the first switching terminal of the second single-pole four-throw switch connects to the input terminal of the first power amplifier, the second switching terminal connects to the output terminal of the first low-noise amplifier, the third switching terminal connects to the intermediate frequency port of the first mixer, and the fourth switching terminal connects to the intermediate frequency port of the second mixer; the output terminal of the first power amplifier connects to the first switching terminal of the first single-pole four-throw switch; the input terminal of the first low-noise amplifier connects to the second switching terminal of the first single-pole four-throw switch; the RF port of the first mixer connects to the second power amplifier. The input terminal of the amplifier is connected to the local oscillator port of the first mixer, which is connected to a frequency source. The output terminal of the second power amplifier is connected to the third switching terminal of the first single-pole four-throw switch. The frequency source is also connected to the local oscillator port of the second mixer. The RF port of the second mixer is connected to the output terminal of the second low-noise amplifier. The input terminal of the second low-noise amplifier is connected to the fourth switching terminal of the first single-pole four-throw switch. The common terminal of the first single-pole four-throw switch is connected to a fourth coupler. The fourth coupler is connected to the common terminal of the fourth detector and the seventh single-pole double-throw switch. The fourth detector is connected to the second control power module. The second control power module is connected to the multi-functional control chassis. The first and second switching terminals of the seventh single-pole double-throw switch are connected to a horn antenna.

[0016] Preferably, the amplification switch matrix chassis includes a fifth coupler, a sixth coupler, a fifth detector, a sixth detector, a third single-pole four-throw switch, a fourth single-pole four-throw switch, a fifth single-pole four-throw switch, a third power amplifier, a third low-noise amplifier, a digitally controlled attenuator, and a third control power supply module;

[0017] The fifth coupler connects to the common terminal of the switch matrix chassis, the fifth detector, and the third single-pole four-throw switch; the fifth detector connects to the third control power supply module; the first switching terminal of the third single-pole four-throw switch connects to the output terminal of the third low-noise amplifier, the second switching terminal of the third single-pole four-throw switch connects to the input terminal of the power amplifier, the third switching terminal of the third single-pole four-throw switch connects to the third switching terminal of the fourth single-pole four-throw switch, and the fourth switching terminal of the third single-pole four-throw switch connects to the digitally controlled attenuator; the input terminal of the third low-noise amplifier connects to the first... A switching terminal is provided; the output terminal of the third power amplifier is connected to the second switching terminal of the fourth single-pole four-throw switch; the digitally controlled attenuator is connected to the fourth switching terminal of the fourth single-pole four-throw switch; the common terminal of the fourth single-pole four-throw switch is connected to the sixth coupler; the sixth coupler is connected to the common terminal of the sixth detector and the fifth single-pole four-throw switch; the sixth detector is connected to the third control power module; the third control power module is connected to the multi-functional control chassis; the first, second, third, and fourth switching terminals of the fifth single-pole four-throw switch are connected to the phased array antenna under test.

[0018] Preferably, the horn antenna is also connected to a turntable bracket.

[0019] Preferably, the phased array antenna under test is also connected to a robotic arm turntable, which is connected to a multi-functional control box. The multi-functional control box controls the robotic arm turntable to automatically grasp, position, and adjust the attitude of the phased array antenna under test.

[0020] Preferably, the time data includes the beam pointing switching time, frequency switching time, and transmit / receive switching time of the phased array antenna under test.

[0021] Preferably, the host computer is also used to automatically analyze test data and automatically screen abnormal products, and automatically generate test reports according to a standardized template.

[0022] A second aspect of the present invention provides: an automated testing method for phased array antennas, used to implement any of the above-mentioned automated testing systems for phased array antennas, comprising the following steps:

[0023] System self-test phase: The host computer runs the system self-test. The signal generator will send signals to the horn antenna and the phased array antenna under test respectively. Then, the signal is acquired by the detector at the port and compared with the preset signal strength of the system debugging to obtain the system self-test result.

[0024] Automatic phased array calibration stage: The robotic arm automatically clamps the phased array antenna under test, configures the phased array antenna parameters on the host computer, selects the corresponding calibration algorithm according to the characteristics of the phased array antenna, performs amplitude and phase calibration on the entire array surface, and automatically writes the calibration data back into the phased array antenna under test after calibration is completed.

[0025] Automatic phased array testing phase: After automatic calibration is completed, the host computer performs automatic phased array antenna testing according to the configured phased array antenna parameters. The host computer uses a multi-functional control chassis to adjust the various components of the testing system to automatically respond according to the parameter requirements and complete the testing of the phased array antenna parameters under test.

[0026] Data and anomaly handling phase: After the automated data test is completed, the host computer processes the collected data and compares it with the pre-configured required index parameters. It identifies abnormal data, reports it, generates an anomaly analysis report, and places the phased array antenna with abnormal data in the area to be reviewed, and the qualified phased array antenna in the qualified area.

[0027] Automated report output stage: After completing data analysis and processing, for qualified phased array antennas, a test report is generated according to the standardized test report template, and all raw test data is output. Finally, the test report and raw data are automatically archived.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0029] 1) The system adopts a chassis design scheme, and the components in the chassis adopt a universal modular design. The system has the characteristics of high reliability, good maintainability, and low system construction cost. The automated testing system can realize the functions of automated clamping, calibration and testing of phased array antennas with different functional requirements, automated data analysis, automated screening of abnormal products, and automated report output. It greatly improves the testing efficiency of phased array antennas, reduces manual intervention, and reduces reliance on human experience.

[0030] 2) Automated testing methods improve the accuracy of test data, reduce testing costs, and accelerate the mass application of phased array antennas in various fields.

[0031] 3) Using a multi-functional control chassis as the central control core, in collaboration with the host computer software, centralized control and automated scheduling of all instruments (such as vector network analyzers and signal generators) and functional chassis (such as switch matrices and amplifier / frequency converter chassis) within the system are achieved. Combined with a robotic arm turntable, automated clamping, positioning, and replacement of the antenna under test are realized. This changes the traditional manual operation mode, freeing testers from tedious tasks such as instrument parameter configuration, cable switching, antenna setup, and data recording. The system can complete the entire process from self-testing, calibration, multi-index testing to report generation with a single click, eliminating human operation delays and greatly improving testing efficiency, especially suitable for batch production testing scenarios. Simultaneously, the automated process ensures a high degree of consistency in test conditions for each test, significantly improving the repeatability and reliability of test results.

[0032] 4) The core functions of the system are implemented through dedicated frequency converter switch matrix chassis, amplifier switch matrix chassis, and switch matrix chassis. These chassis employ a universal modular design, highly integrating amplifiers, switches, attenuators, couplers, and other components, with optimized internal wiring connections. Modular integration reduces the number and length of external cable connections, effectively reducing signal loss and interference caused by connectors and cables, ensuring signal path consistency, and thus improving the accuracy of test parameters such as amplitude and phase. It also reduces vulnerabilities in external physical connections, resulting in stronger overall system stability. Unified power management and control logic reduces the risk of misoperation. The modular design makes it easy to diagnose and replace faulty individual functional modules, reducing system maintenance difficulty and downtime. Furthermore, this architecture facilitates adaptation to new test requirements (such as antennas with different frequency bands or channel numbers) by adding or replacing functional modules, making the system's flexibility and scalability significantly superior to fixed, discrete equipment combinations.

[0033] 5) Flexible signal path routing is achieved through a switching matrix chassis. Combining the frequency conversion function of a frequency conversion switching matrix chassis with the amplification / straight-through / attenuation functions of an amplification switching matrix chassis, a highly flexible test signal path is constructed. A single system can adapt to phased array antennas of different frequencies, sizes, and functions (e.g., receiver, transmitter, transceiver, frequency conversion, multi-beam). The system can automatically configure the signal link and easily perform tests on various parameters such as vector parameters (e.g., radiation pattern, axial ratio), spectral parameters (e.g., EIRP, ACPR), and time parameters (e.g., beam switching time), solving the problems of insufficient test scenario coverage and cumbersome switching in traditional systems.

[0034] 6) The host computer software not only handles control but also integrates data acquisition, analysis, judgment, and report generation functions. The system can automatically compare test data with preset indicators, enabling automatic screening and classification of abnormal products. It achieves real-time data analysis and automated processing, avoiding errors that may be introduced by manual transcription and Excel post-processing. The system can objectively determine pass / fail, reducing reliance on the personal experience of testers and ensuring the consistency of quality assessment standards. The automated report output function further improves the efficiency and standardization of data management. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a block diagram illustrating the principle of the testing system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the testing method of the present invention;

[0037] In the diagram, 1 is the seventh single-pole double-throw switch, 2 is the first single-pole four-throw switch, 3 is the second single-pole four-throw switch, 4 is the third single-pole four-throw switch, 5 is the fourth single-pole four-throw switch, and 6 is the fifth single-pole four-throw switch. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] See Figures 1-2 The first aspect of this invention provides: an automated testing system for phased array antennas, comprising a host computer connected to a multi-functional control chassis, the multi-functional control chassis being connected to a switch matrix chassis, a frequency conversion switch matrix chassis, an amplification switch matrix chassis, a vector network analyzer, a spectrum analyzer, a signal generator, and the phased array antenna under test; the switch matrix chassis being connected to the frequency conversion switch matrix chassis, the amplification switch matrix chassis, the vector network analyzer, the spectrum analyzer, and the signal generator; the frequency conversion switch matrix chassis being connected to a horn antenna; and the amplification switch matrix chassis being connected to the phased array antenna under test.

[0040] The multi-functional control chassis receives coordination commands from the host computer and decomposes these commands into control commands for each component in the test system, which are then sent to the target components to control the coordinated operation of each component and complete the automated testing of the phased array antenna. The switch matrix chassis enables cross-input and output of signals between the horn antenna and the phased array antenna under test, and performs vector data testing or spectrum data testing according to control commands. The frequency conversion switch matrix chassis performs signal conversion for the horn antenna, including signal transmission amplification, signal reception amplification, signal transmission frequency conversion amplification, and signal reception frequency conversion amplification. The amplification switch matrix chassis performs signal conversion for the phased array antenna under test, including phased array signal transmission amplification, phased array signal reception amplification, phased array signal pass-through, and phased array signal attenuation.

[0041] When the test system tests the phased array antenna under test, the host computer controls the test system to operate in the target type phased array test mode; the switch matrix chassis selects a vector network analyzer to perform vector data testing or selects a signal generator and spectrum analyzer to perform spectrum data testing according to the control command; during spectrum data testing, the signal under test is coupled part of the signal to the detector through a coupler, and the multi-function control chassis compares the signal sampling data with the system trigger signal to complete the time data test of the phased array antenna under test.

[0042] In this embodiment, the multi-functional control chassis primarily realizes the overall control of the entire automation system. The computer is interconnected with the multi-functional control chassis via a network port. The automation control host computer on the computer sends automation coordination commands to the multi-functional control chassis, which then decomposes the commands and sends them to each chassis in the system, thereby completing the overall system control. The system can adapt to phased array antennas of different frequencies, sizes, and functions for automated testing, such as: receiving phased array antennas, transmitting phased array antennas, transceiver integrated phased array antennas, frequency conversion phased array antennas, multi-beam phased array antennas, etc. It can also perform automated testing on different indicators of phased array antennas, such as: multi-frequency point, multi-angle, and multi-profile radiation patterns, axial ratio, polarization, scanning gain reduction, beamwidth, etc., vector network analyzer data testing, as well as spectral data testing such as G / T value, EIRP value, EVM value, ACPR value, active gain, phase noise, in-band and out-of-band spurious suppression, etc. It can also perform time data testing such as beam pointing switching time, frequency switching time, and transmit / receive switching time.

[0043] When the system performs phased array antenna testing, the computer controls the system to operate in the corresponding phased array test mode via the host computer. During vector data testing, the switch matrix chassis selects the vector network analyzer according to instructions. The vector network analyzer transmits a signal, which is then sent through the switch matrix chassis to a frequency converter switch matrix chassis or an amplifier switch matrix chassis for signal power amplification. The signal is then transmitted through a horn antenna or a phased array antenna. After receiving the signal, the phased array antenna or horn antenna amplifies it again through the amplifier switch matrix chassis or the frequency converter switch matrix chassis, and then sends the signal back to the vector network analyzer through the switch matrix chassis, completing the vector data acquisition for the phased array antenna.

[0044] During spectrum data testing, the switch matrix chassis selects a signal generator and a spectrum analyzer according to instructions. The signal generator transmits a signal, which is then sent to a frequency converter switch matrix chassis or an amplifier switch matrix chassis for signal power amplification. The signal is then transmitted through a horn antenna or a phased array antenna. After receiving the signal, the phased array antenna or horn antenna amplifies the signal through the amplifier switch matrix chassis or the frequency converter switch matrix chassis, and then sends the signal back to the spectrum analyzer through the switch matrix chassis to complete the spectrum data acquisition of the phased array antenna.

[0045] While testing the spectrum data, the system couples a portion of the signal to the detector via a coupler. The multi-functional control chassis can compare the sampled signal data with the system trigger signal to perform tests, thereby completing time data tests such as beam pointing switching time, frequency switching time, and transmit / receive switching time of the phased array antenna. This system adopts a chassis design scheme, with each component using a universal modular design. The system features high reliability, good maintainability, and low system construction cost. In addition, the system can automatically clamp, calibrate, and test phased array antennas with different functional requirements, greatly improving the clamping efficiency of phased array antennas, reducing manual intervention, and minimizing reliance on human experience.

[0046] In some embodiments, the switch matrix chassis includes a first single-pole double-throw (SPD) switch, a second SPD switch, a third SPD switch, a fourth SPD switch, a fifth SPD switch, a sixth SPD switch, a first control power supply module, a first detector, a second detector, a first coupler, and a second coupler; the first switching terminal of the first SPD switch is connected to a signal generator, the second switching terminal of the first SPD switch is connected to a vector network analyzer, and the common terminal of the first SPD switch is connected to the common terminal of the second SPD switch; the first switching terminal of the second SPD switch is connected to the first switching terminal of the third SPD switch, and the second switching terminal of the second SPD switch is connected to the first switching terminal of the fourth SPD switch; the second switching terminal of the third SPD switch is connected to the first... The first switching terminal of the five single-pole double-throw (SPDT) switches and the common terminal of the third SPDT switch are connected to the first coupler; the second switching terminal of the fourth SPDT switch is connected to the second switching terminal of the fifth SPDT switch, and the common terminal of the fourth SPDT switch is connected to the second coupler; the common terminal of the fifth SPDT switch is connected to the common terminal of the sixth SPDT switch; the first switching terminal of the sixth SPDT switch is connected to a spectrum analyzer, and the second switching terminal of the sixth SPDT switch is connected to a vector network analyzer; the first coupler is connected to a first detector and a frequency converter switch matrix chassis; the first detector is connected to a first control power supply module; the first control power supply module is connected to a multi-functional control chassis and a second detector; the second detector is connected to a second coupler; and the second coupler is connected to an amplifier switch matrix chassis.

[0047] In this embodiment, the switch matrix chassis is used to perform signal conversion functions at the instrument end. The switch matrix chassis has cross-input / output functionality for both the horn antenna and the phased array antenna under test. Firstly, it enables the vector network analyzer to perform data analysis on the phased array antenna under test. The switch matrix chassis interconnects the signals from both the horn antenna and the vector network analyzer, and then the system automatically coordinates to complete data acquisition and analysis. Secondly, it enables the signal generator and spectrum analyzer to perform data analysis on the phased array antenna under test. The switch matrix chassis interconnects the signals from both the signal generator and the spectrum analyzer, and then the system automatically coordinates to complete data acquisition and analysis.

[0048] In some embodiments, the frequency converter switch matrix chassis includes a third coupler, a fourth coupler, a third detector, a fourth detector, a frequency source, a first single-pole four-throw switch 2, a second single-pole four-throw switch 3, a seventh single-pole double-throw switch 1, a first mixer, a second mixer, a first power amplifier, a second power amplifier, a first low-noise amplifier, a second low-noise amplifier, and a second control power supply module.

[0049] The third coupler connects to the switch matrix chassis, the common terminal of the second single-pole four-throw switch 3, and the third detector; the third detector connects to the second control power supply module; the first switching terminal of the second single-pole four-throw switch 3 connects to the input terminal of the first power amplifier, the second switching terminal of the second single-pole four-throw switch 3 connects to the output terminal of the first low-noise amplifier, the third switching terminal of the second single-pole four-throw switch 3 connects to the intermediate frequency port of the first mixer, and the fourth switching terminal of the second single-pole four-throw switch 3 connects to the intermediate frequency port of the second mixer; the output terminal of the first power amplifier connects to the first switching terminal of the first single-pole four-throw switch 2; the input terminal of the first low-noise amplifier connects to the second switching terminal of the first single-pole four-throw switch 2; the RF port of the first mixer connects to the second power amplifier... The input terminal of the amplifier is connected to the local oscillator port of the first mixer, which is connected to a frequency source. The output terminal of the second power amplifier is connected to the third switching terminal of the first single-pole four-throw switch 2. The frequency source is also connected to the local oscillator port of the second mixer. The RF port of the second mixer is connected to the output terminal of the second low-noise amplifier. The input terminal of the second low-noise amplifier is connected to the fourth switching terminal of the first single-pole four-throw switch 2. The common terminal of the first single-pole four-throw switch 2 is connected to a fourth coupler. The fourth coupler is connected to the common terminal of the fourth detector and the seventh single-pole double-throw switch 1. The fourth detector is connected to the second control power module. The second control power module is connected to the multi-functional control chassis. The first and second switching terminals of the seventh single-pole double-throw switch 1 are connected to a horn antenna.

[0050] In this embodiment, the frequency converter matrix chassis is used to perform signal conversion at the horn antenna end. The frequency converter matrix chassis has four different test conversion functions.

[0051] One function is signal transmission and amplification. The signal enters the frequency converter switch matrix chassis and first passes through the third coupler for signal coupling and detection. Then, the second single-pole four-throw switch 3 selects the transmission branch for signal power amplification. After passing through the first single-pole four-throw switch 2 for signal selection, the seventh single-pole double-throw switch 1 selects the corresponding branch according to the polarization mode of the phased array antenna under test and outputs the signal to the horn antenna.

[0052] Secondly, there is the signal receiving and amplification function. The seventh single-pole double-throw switch 1 selects the signal of the corresponding branch horn antenna according to the polarization mode of the phased array antenna under test for receiving. Then, the first single-pole quad-throw switch 2 selects the receiving branch for signal amplification. Then, the second single-pole quad-throw switch 3 performs signal selection. Finally, the signal is output after coupling and detection by the third coupler.

[0053] Thirdly, there is the signal transmission frequency conversion and amplification function. The signal enters the frequency conversion switch matrix chassis and first passes through the third coupler for signal coupling and detection. Then, the second single-pole four-throw switch 3 selects the transmission frequency conversion branch for signal up-conversion and power amplification. Then, the signal passes through the first single-pole four-throw switch 2 for signal selection. Finally, the seventh single-pole double-throw switch 1 selects the corresponding branch according to the polarization mode of the phased array antenna under test to output the signal to the horn antenna.

[0054] Fourthly, there is the signal receiving frequency conversion and amplification function. The seventh single-pole double-throw switch 1 selects the signal of the corresponding branch horn antenna according to the polarization mode of the phased array antenna under test for receiving. Then, the first single-pole quad-throw switch 2 selects the receiving frequency conversion branch for signal down-conversion and amplification. Then, the second single-pole quad-throw switch 3 performs signal selection. Finally, the signal is output after coupling and detection by the third coupler.

[0055] In some embodiments, the amplification switch matrix chassis includes a fifth coupler, a sixth coupler, a fifth detector, a sixth detector, a third single-pole four-throw switch 4, a fourth single-pole four-throw switch 5, a fifth single-pole four-throw switch 6, a third power amplifier, a third low-noise amplifier, a digitally controlled attenuator, and a third control power supply module.

[0056] The fifth coupler connects to the common terminal of the switch matrix chassis, the fifth detector, and the third single-pole four-throw switch 4; the fifth detector connects to the third control power supply module; the first switching terminal of the third single-pole four-throw switch 4 connects to the output terminal of the third low-noise amplifier, the second switching terminal of the third single-pole four-throw switch 4 connects to the input terminal of the power amplifier, the third switching terminal of the third single-pole four-throw switch 4 connects to the third switching terminal of the fourth single-pole four-throw switch 5, and the fourth switching terminal of the third single-pole four-throw switch 4 connects to the digitally controlled attenuator; the input terminal of the third low-noise amplifier connects to the fourth single-pole four-throw switch 5. The first switching terminal; the output terminal of the third power amplifier is connected to the second switching terminal of the fourth single-pole four-throw switch 5; the digitally controlled attenuator is connected to the fourth switching terminal of the fourth single-pole four-throw switch 5; the common terminal of the fourth single-pole four-throw switch 5 is connected to the sixth coupler; the sixth coupler is connected to the common terminal of the sixth detector and the fifth single-pole four-throw switch 6; the sixth detector is connected to the third control power module; the third control power module is connected to the multi-functional control chassis; the first, second, third, and fourth switching terminals of the fifth single-pole four-throw switch 6 are connected to the phased array antenna under test.

[0057] In this embodiment, the amplifying switch matrix chassis is used to perform signal conversion functions at the phased array antenna under test. The amplifying switch matrix chassis has four different test conversion functions.

[0058] The first function is signal transmission amplification. The signal enters the amplification switch matrix chassis and first passes through the fifth coupler for signal coupling and detection. Then, the signal power is amplified by selecting the transmission branch through the third single-pole four-throw switch 4. The signal is then selected by the fourth single-pole four-throw switch 5. Finally, the signal is output to the phased array antenna under test by selecting the corresponding branch according to the beam port of the phased array antenna under test.

[0059] Secondly, there is the signal receiving and amplification function. The fifth single-pole four-throw switch 6 selects the signal of the corresponding branch according to the beam port of the phased array antenna under test for receiving. Then, the fourth single-pole four-throw switch 5 selects the receiving branch for signal amplification. Then, the third single-pole four-throw switch 4 performs signal selection. Finally, the signal is output after coupling and detection by the fifth coupler.

[0060] Thirdly, there is the signal pass-through function. The fifth single-pole four-throw switch 6 selects the signal of the corresponding branch according to the beam port of the phased array antenna under test, then the signal pass-through branch is selected by the fourth single-pole four-throw switch 5, then the signal is selected by the third single-pole four-throw switch 4, and finally the signal is coupled and detected by the fifth coupler.

[0061] Fourthly, there is the signal attenuation function. The fifth single-pole four-throw switch 6 selects the signal of the corresponding branch according to the beam port of the phased array antenna under test, then selects the signal attenuation branch through the fourth single-pole four-throw switch 5, then selects the signal through the third single-pole four-throw switch 4, and finally performs coupling detection through the fifth coupler.

[0062] In some embodiments, the horn antenna is also connected to a turntable bracket.

[0063] In some embodiments, the phased array antenna under test is further connected to a robotic arm turntable, which is connected to a multi-functional control chassis. The multi-functional control chassis controls the robotic arm turntable to automatically grasp, position, and adjust the attitude of the phased array antenna under test.

[0064] In some embodiments, the time data includes the beam pointing switching time, frequency switching time, and transmit / receive switching time of the phased array antenna under test.

[0065] In some embodiments, the host computer is also used to automatically analyze test data and automatically screen abnormal products, and automatically generate test reports according to a standardized template.

[0066] A second aspect of the present invention provides: an automated testing method for phased array antennas, used to implement any of the above-mentioned automated testing systems for phased array antennas, comprising the following steps:

[0067] System self-test phase: The host computer runs the system self-test. The signal generator will send signals to the horn antenna and the phased array antenna under test respectively. Then, the signal is acquired by the detector at the port and compared with the preset signal strength of the system debugging to obtain the system self-test result.

[0068] Automatic phased array calibration stage: The robotic arm automatically clamps the phased array antenna under test, configures the phased array antenna parameters on the host computer, selects the corresponding calibration algorithm according to the characteristics of the phased array antenna, performs amplitude and phase calibration on the entire array surface, and automatically writes the calibration data back into the phased array antenna under test after calibration is completed.

[0069] Automatic phased array testing phase: After automatic calibration is completed, the host computer performs automatic phased array antenna testing according to the configured phased array antenna parameters. The host computer uses a multi-functional control chassis to adjust the various components of the testing system to automatically respond according to the parameter requirements and complete the testing of the phased array antenna parameters under test.

[0070] Data and anomaly handling phase: After the automated data test is completed, the host computer processes the collected data and compares it with the pre-configured required index parameters. It identifies abnormal data, reports it, generates an anomaly analysis report, and places the phased array antenna with abnormal data in the area to be reviewed, and the qualified phased array antenna in the qualified area.

[0071] Automated report output stage: After completing data analysis and processing, for qualified phased array antennas, a test report is generated according to the standardized test report template, and all raw test data is output. Finally, the test report and raw data are automatically archived.

[0072] In this embodiment, the automated testing method for phased array antennas can realize functions such as self-testing of the automated system, automated calibration and testing of phased array antennas, data analysis and anomaly handling, and automated report output. This improves the testing efficiency of phased array antennas, reduces human intervention, reduces reliance on human experience, improves the accuracy of test data, reduces testing costs, and accelerates the mass application of phased array antennas in various fields.

[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technologies or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An automated testing system for phased array antennas, comprising a host computer, characterized in that: The host computer is connected to a multi-functional control chassis, which in turn connects to a switch matrix chassis, a frequency converter switch matrix chassis, an amplifier switch matrix chassis, a vector network analyzer, a spectrum analyzer, a signal generator, and the phased array antenna under test. The switch matrix chassis connects to a frequency converter switch matrix chassis, an amplifier switch matrix chassis, a vector network analyzer, a spectrum analyzer, and a signal generator; the frequency converter switch matrix chassis connects to a horn antenna; and the amplifier switch matrix chassis connects to the phased array antenna under test. The multi-functional control chassis receives coordination commands from the host computer and decomposes these commands into control commands for each component in the test system, which are then sent to the target components to control the coordinated operation of each component and complete the automated testing of the phased array antenna. The switch matrix chassis enables cross-input and output of signals between the horn antenna and the phased array antenna under test, and performs vector data testing or spectrum data testing according to control commands. The frequency conversion switch matrix chassis performs signal conversion for the horn antenna, including signal transmission amplification, signal reception amplification, signal transmission frequency conversion amplification, and signal reception frequency conversion amplification. The amplification switch matrix chassis performs signal conversion for the phased array antenna under test, including phased array signal transmission amplification, phased array signal reception amplification, phased array signal pass-through, and phased array signal attenuation. When the test system tests the phased array antenna under test, the host computer controls the test system to operate in the target type phased array test mode; the switch matrix chassis selects a vector network analyzer to perform vector data testing or selects a signal generator and spectrum analyzer to perform spectrum data testing according to the control command; during spectrum data testing, the signal under test is coupled part of the signal to the detector through a coupler, and the multi-function control chassis compares the signal sampling data with the system trigger signal to complete the time data test of the phased array antenna under test; The switch matrix chassis includes a first single-pole double-throw (SPD) switch, a second SPD switch, a third SPD switch, a fourth SPD switch, a fifth SPD switch, a sixth SPD switch, a first control power supply module, a first detector, a second detector, a first coupler, and a second coupler. The first switching terminal of the first SPD switch is connected to a signal generator, the second switching terminal of the first SPD switch is connected to a vector network analyzer, and the common terminal of the first SPD switch is connected to the common terminal of the second SPD switch. The first switching terminal of the second SPD switch is connected to the first switching terminal of the third SPD switch, and the second switching terminal of the second SPD switch is connected to the fourth SPD switch. The first switching terminal; the second switching terminal of the third single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the first switching terminal of the fifth single-pole double-throw switch, and the common terminal of the third single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the first coupler; the second switching terminal of the fourth single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the second switching terminal of the fifth single-pole double-throw switch, and the common terminal of the fourth single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the second coupler; the common terminal of the fifth single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the common terminal of the sixth single-pole double-throw switch; the first switching terminal of the sixth single-pole double-throw switch is connected to a spectrum analyzer, and the second switching terminal of the sixth single-pole double-throw switch is connected to a vector network analyzer; the first coupler is connected to the first detector and the frequency converter switch matrix chassis; the first detector is connected to the first control power supply module; The first control power module is connected to the multi-functional control chassis and the second detector; The second detector is connected to the second coupler; the second coupler is connected to the amplifier switch matrix chassis.

2. The automated testing system for phased array antennas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aforementioned frequency converter switch matrix chassis includes a third coupler, a fourth coupler, a third detector, a fourth detector, a frequency source, a first single-pole four-throw switch, a second single-pole four-throw switch, a seventh single-pole double-throw switch, a first mixer, a second mixer, a first power amplifier, a second power amplifier, a first low-noise amplifier, a second low-noise amplifier, and a second control power supply module. The third coupler connects the switch matrix chassis, the common terminal of the second single-pole four-throw switch, and the third detector; the third detector connects to the second control power module; the first switching terminal of the second single-pole four-throw switch connects to the input terminal of the first power amplifier, the second switching terminal connects to the output terminal of the first low-noise amplifier, the third switching terminal connects to the intermediate frequency port of the first mixer, and the fourth switching terminal connects to the intermediate frequency port of the second mixer; the output terminal of the first power amplifier connects to the first switching terminal of the first single-pole four-throw switch; the input terminal of the first low-noise amplifier connects to the second switching terminal of the first single-pole four-throw switch; the RF port of the first mixer connects to the second power amplifier. The input terminal of the amplifier is connected to the local oscillator port of the first mixer, which is connected to a frequency source. The output terminal of the second power amplifier is connected to the third switching terminal of the first single-pole four-throw switch. The frequency source is also connected to the local oscillator port of the second mixer. The RF port of the second mixer is connected to the output terminal of the second low-noise amplifier. The input terminal of the second low-noise amplifier is connected to the fourth switching terminal of the first single-pole four-throw switch. The common terminal of the first single-pole four-throw switch is connected to a fourth coupler. The fourth coupler is connected to the common terminal of the fourth detector and the seventh single-pole double-throw switch. The fourth detector is connected to the second control power module. The second control power module is connected to the multi-functional control chassis. The first and second switching terminals of the seventh single-pole double-throw switch are connected to a horn antenna.

3. The automated testing system for phased array antennas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aforementioned amplification switch matrix chassis includes a fifth coupler, a sixth coupler, a fifth detector, a sixth detector, a third single-pole four-throw switch, a fourth single-pole four-throw switch, a fifth single-pole four-throw switch, a third power amplifier, a third low-noise amplifier, a digitally controlled attenuator, and a third control power supply module; The fifth coupler is connected to the common terminal of the switch matrix chassis, the fifth detector, and the third single-pole four-throw switch; the fifth detector is connected to the third control power module; The first switching terminal of the third single-pole four-throw switch is connected to the output terminal of the third low-noise amplifier; the second switching terminal of the third single-pole four-throw switch is connected to the input terminal of the power amplifier; the third switching terminal of the third single-pole four-throw switch is connected to the third switching terminal of the fourth single-pole four-throw switch; and the fourth switching terminal of the third single-pole four-throw switch is connected to the digitally controlled attenuator. The input terminal of the third low-noise amplifier is connected to the first switching terminal of the fourth single-pole four-throw switch. The output terminal of the third power amplifier is connected to the second switching terminal of the fourth single-pole four-throw switch. The digitally controlled attenuator is connected to the fourth switching terminal of the fourth single-pole four-throw switch. The common terminal of the fourth single-pole four-throw switch is connected to the sixth coupler. The sixth coupler is connected to the common terminal of the sixth detector and the fifth single-pole four-throw switch. The sixth detector is connected to the third control power module. The third control power module is connected to the multi-functional control chassis. The first, second, third, and fourth switching terminals of the fifth single-pole four-throw switch are connected to the phased array antenna under test.

4. The automated testing system for phased array antennas according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The horn antenna is also connected to a turntable bracket.

5. The automated testing system for phased array antennas according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The phased array antenna under test is also connected to a robotic arm turntable, which is connected to a multi-functional control box. The multi-functional control box controls the robotic arm turntable to automatically grasp, position, and adjust the attitude of the phased array antenna under test.

6. The automated testing system for phased array antennas according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The time data includes the beam pointing switching time, frequency switching time, and transmit / receive switching time of the phased array antenna under test.

7. The automated testing system for phased array antennas according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The host computer is also used to automatically analyze test data and automatically screen abnormal products, and automatically generate test reports according to standardized templates.

8. An automated testing method for phased array antennas, characterized in that: The automated testing system for phased array antennas based on any one of claims 1-7 includes the following steps: System self-test phase: The host computer runs the system self-test. The signal generator will send signals to the horn antenna and the phased array antenna under test respectively. Then, the signal is acquired by the detector at the port and compared with the preset signal strength of the system debugging to obtain the system self-test result. Automatic phased array calibration stage: The robotic arm automatically clamps the phased array antenna under test, configures the phased array antenna parameters on the host computer, selects the corresponding calibration algorithm according to the characteristics of the phased array antenna, performs amplitude and phase calibration on the entire array surface, and automatically writes the calibration data back into the phased array antenna under test after calibration is completed. Automatic phased array testing phase: After automatic calibration is completed, the host computer performs automatic phased array antenna testing according to the configured phased array antenna parameters. The host computer uses a multi-functional control chassis to adjust the various components of the testing system to automatically respond according to the parameter requirements and complete the testing of the phased array antenna parameters under test. Data and anomaly handling phase: After the automated data test is completed, the host computer processes the collected data and compares it with the pre-configured required index parameters. It identifies abnormal data, reports it, generates an anomaly analysis report, and places the phased array antenna with abnormal data in the area to be reviewed, and the qualified phased array antenna in the qualified area. Automated report output stage: After completing data analysis and processing, for qualified phased array antennas, a test report is generated according to the standardized test report template, and all raw test data is output. Finally, the test report and raw data are automatically archived.

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