Intelligent self-adaptive power supply and encrypted data transmission USB device and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent self-adaptive power supply and encrypted data transmission USB device and a use method thereof, and relates to the technical field of USBs, and the use method comprises the following steps: when the USB device is connected with an external device, identity verification information exchanged by the two devices is processed, and multi-factor identity verification is carried out; detecting power supply parameters of the power supply equipment and the power receiving equipment in real time, performing communication negotiation with the power supply equipment, and adjusting output voltage and current according to a negotiation result; the data transmission module is used for encrypting the transmitted data, calculating the checksum of the data in real time, transmitting the checksum and encrypted data to opposite equipment through a data pin of the USB interface, and monitoring the connection state in real time in the transmission process; and the received data is firstly checked and verified at a receiving end, and then the received encrypted data is decrypted. According to the invention, real-time detection and intelligent self-adaptive power supply of the power supply demand of the power receiving equipment in the USB technology are realized, and the security of data transmission is improved at the same time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of USB, in particular to a USB device capable of intelligent adaptive power supply and encrypted data transmission and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, USB interfaces are widely used in electronic devices for data transmission and power supply, such as industrial control systems, computers, mobile storage devices, smart terminals and other electronic devices that need USB interfaces for data interaction and power supply. However, the traditional USB has obvious defects in power supply technology and data transmission security, as follows: (1) The existing USB power supply technology is insufficient. Due to the great difference in the demand for power supply of different devices, from low-power sensors to high-power external hard drives, etc., but the existing USB power supply standard is relatively single, and cannot dynamically adjust the power supply parameters according to the actual demand of the powered device. When the power supply device and the powered device do not match in power supply, the powered device may not fully perform, or even be damaged. For example, high-power devices connected to low-power USB ports may frequently shut down or fail to start normally due to insufficient power supply; low-power devices connected to high-power USB ports may face overvoltage risks, affecting the service life of the device.

[0003] (2) The problem of the security of existing USB data transmission. In terms of data transmission, the traditional USB interface lacks effective security mechanisms. Data is transmitted in plaintext form during transmission, which is easy to be stolen or tampered with by malicious programs. Especially in transmission scenarios involving sensitive information such as personal privacy, enterprise secrets, financial transaction data, etc., the data security risk is extremely high. Once the data is stolen or tampered with, it will cause serious losses to the user. In addition, the existing USB interface does not have a perfect identity verification mechanism, and cannot ensure the legality of the connected device, and illegal devices may easily access the system and obtain or damage data. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present application proposes a USB device with intelligent adaptive power supply and encrypted data transmission and a use method thereof, to solve the problem of power supply mismatch and low data transmission security in existing USB technology, and to realize intelligent adaptive power supply and safe and reliable data transmission.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows: The use method of the USB device with intelligent adaptive power supply and encrypted data transmission comprises: Connection establishment stage: when the USB device is connected with the external device, the identity verification information exchanged by both parties is processed, and multi-factor identity verification is performed. Power supply negotiation phase: real-time detection of power supply parameters of power supply device and powered device, communication negotiation with power supply device; according to the negotiation result, adjust the output voltage and current; Data encryption and transmission phase: encrypt the transmitted data, calculate the checksum of the data in real time, and transmit the checksum and the encrypted data to the opposite device through the data pin of the USB interface; during transmission, real-time monitoring of connection state; Data decryption and receiving phase: first verify the received data at the receiving end, and then decrypt the received encrypted data.

[0006] Further, in the real-time detection of power supply parameters of power supply device and powered device, according to the detected information, combined with the preset algorithm and model, the power supply scheme is determined by communication negotiation with the power supply device.

[0007] Further, in the encryption processing of the transmitted data, a dynamic hybrid encryption algorithm is used for encryption processing, combined with symmetric encryption algorithm and asymmetric encryption algorithm, and time factor and random factor are introduced.

[0008] Further, in the encryption processing of the transmitted data, according to the sensitivity of the data, the transmission environment and the time factor, the encryption strategy is dynamically adjusted, and the encryption key and encryption method are different each time.

[0009] Further, in the process of first verifying the received data at the receiving end and then decrypting the received encrypted data, a hybrid encryption algorithm decryption process is used, which first uses an asymmetric encryption algorithm to decrypt the key of a symmetric encryption algorithm, and then uses the symmetric encryption algorithm to decrypt the original data.

[0010] The intelligent adaptive power supply and encrypted data transmission USB device comprises: Device identification and connection management module: containing device identity verification unit and connection state monitoring unit, when the USB device is connected with external device, processing the identity verification information exchanged by both devices, and performing multi-factor identity verification; Intelligent power supply module: containing voltage and current detection unit, power supply strategy decision unit and adjustable power supply output unit, real-time detection of power supply parameters of power supply device and powered device, communication negotiation with power supply device; according to the negotiation result, adjust the output voltage and current; Encrypted data transmission module: containing data encryption unit, data decryption unit and security key management unit, encrypting the transmitted data, calculating the checksum of the data in real time, and transmitting the checksum and the encrypted data to the opposite device through the data pin of the USB interface; during transmission, real-time monitoring of connection state; first verify the received data at the receiving end, and then decrypt the received encrypted data. Central control module: coordinates and manages the work of intelligent power supply module, encrypted data transmission module and device identification and connection management module; receives information from various modules, makes decisions and processes according to preset logic and algorithm.

[0011] Further, the voltage and current detection unit adopts high-precision voltage and current sensors to monitor the input voltage and current of the USB interface and the actual working voltage and current demand of the powered device in real time.

[0012] Further, the security key management unit generates, stores and manages the keys required for encryption and decryption, uses a secure key storage technology to store the keys in a protected area; the unit has a key update and rotation function, and updates the keys regularly.

[0013] Further, the device identity verification unit verifies the identity of the connected device by exchanging specific identity verification information on the data pin when the device is connected, and only the devices that pass the identity verification can establish a connection and transmit data.

[0014] Further, the connection state monitoring unit reports to the central control module when it detects a connection anomaly.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present application are: (1) The present application proposes intelligent adaptive power supply technology, which adds an intelligent power supply module in the USB device to realize real-time detection and intelligent adaptive power supply of the power demand of the powered device. Compared with the prior art, it is no longer limited to fixed power supply standards, and can dynamically adjust the power supply parameters according to the actual demand of different devices, while considering the power supply capacity of the power supply device, formulating the optimal power supply strategy, improving the compatibility, efficiency and safety of the power supply.

[0016] (2) The present application proposes a hybrid encryption and multi-factor identity verification data security transmission mechanism, which uses a hybrid encryption algorithm in the encrypted data transmission module, combining the advantages of symmetric encryption and asymmetric encryption to improve the security and efficiency of data encryption. At the same time, a verification mechanism is introduced to ensure the integrity of the data. At the same time, the device identification and connection management module uses multi-factor identity verification technology to strictly verify the identity of the connected device, ensuring that only legal devices can transmit data, greatly enhancing the security of data transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is the overall architecture schematic diagram of the USB device provided by the present application; Figure 2 is the data transmission method flowchart based on the USB device provided by the present application.

[0018] Reference numerals: S1 - Connection establishment phase, S2 - Power supply negotiation phase, S3 - Data encryption and transmission phase, S4 - Data decryption and reception phase, 1 - USB device, 2 - Intelligent power supply module, 3 - Encrypted data transmission module, 4 - Device identification and connection management module, 5 - Central control module, 6 - Voltage and current detection unit, 7 - Power supply strategy decision unit, 8 - Adjustable power output unit, 9 - Data encryption unit, 10 - Data decryption unit, 11 - Security key management unit, 12 - Device authentication unit, 13 - Connection status monitoring unit, 14 - USB device interface plug, 15 - USB interface. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments are now described. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention; that is, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for using a USB device with intelligent adaptive power supply and encrypted data transmission, which includes four stages. The specific implementation method is as follows: S1, Connection Establishment Phase: Preferably, the device authentication unit loads verification data, such as a list of legitimate device identifiers, digital certificates, and biometric templates, into the security chip. When the USB device is connected to an external device, the microcontroller (MCU) controls the device authentication unit to send an authentication request to the powered device. The powered device responds to the request, sequentially sending its hardware identifier, digital certificate, and biometric information, exchanging authentication information with the connected device via data pins. Both devices perform fingerprint or facial recognition comparison and verify the validity of the digital certificate. If all verification factors pass, the powered device is considered legitimate, allowing entry into the next power supply negotiation phase; if any verification factors fail, the connection is re-established.

[0021] Once the connection is established, the connection status monitoring unit monitors the USB connection status in real time using interrupt mechanisms and timers. When a connection anomaly is detected, the connection status monitoring unit immediately records the anomaly information and sends an alarm signal to the microcontroller. The microcontroller takes appropriate measures based on the type and severity of the anomaly, such as restarting the authentication process or cutting off power.

[0022] S2, Power Supply Negotiation Phase: The voltage and current detection unit starts working, and the microcontroller continuously receives data from the sensor chip, obtains the power supply parameters of the power supply device and the powered device, and analyzes the power supply demand of the powered device in real time. The power supply strategy decision unit communicates with the power supply device according to the obtained information and according to the preset algorithm. When the power supply demand changes are detected, the microcontroller immediately starts the power supply strategy decision algorithm to formulate a new power supply scheme. The microcontroller sends the new power supply scheme to the adjustable power supply output unit and monitors whether the output voltage and current meet the expected value in real time. If not, the microcontroller will further adjust the control signal until the output meets the requirements. At the same time, the microcontroller will feedback the current power supply state to the central control module for unified management and monitoring. The specific steps of implementing the power supply strategy decision algorithm are as follows: Data collection and analysis: Preferably, the microcontroller receives real-time data from the voltage and current detection unit, and obtains the maximum power supply capacity information of the power supply device through the I2C or SPI communication interface. The microcontroller stores and analyzes these data to establish a power supply demand model of the powered device; Strategy formulation: Based on the preset algorithm and model, the microcontroller comprehensively considers the actual demand of the powered device and the power supply capacity of the power supply device to formulate the optimal power supply strategy. Preferably, a fuzzy control algorithm is used to dynamically adjust the power supply parameters according to the voltage, current and power deviations and the deviation change rates. The fuzzy control algorithm fuzzifies the input variables (voltage deviation and current deviation) into fuzzy sets, obtains the fuzzy sets of output variables (adjusted voltage and current values) through fuzzy inference rules, and then performs de-fuzzification processing to obtain accurate output values.

[0023] Communication negotiation: The microcontroller communicates with the power supply device through the USB communication protocol to negotiate the formulated power supply scheme, including output voltage, current and power parameters, and sends them to the power supply device, and waits for the confirmation feedback of the power supply device.

[0024] S3, data encryption and transmission stage: The data encryption unit encrypts the data to be transmitted. The microcontroller calls the interface of the encryption chip to send the original data to the encryption chip, and the encryption chip returns the ciphertext data to the microcontroller after completing the hybrid encryption. The microcontroller controls the data pin to transmit the encrypted data to the opposite device according to the USB communication protocol. During the transmission process, the connection state monitoring unit monitors the connection state in real time, and if an abnormality is found, the microcontroller takes appropriate measures such as retransmitting the data.

[0025] Preferably, when applied in an industrial control system, the sensitive data (production parameters, control instructions) needs to be transmitted through the USB interface, the security key management unit generates a dynamic encryption key according to the current time of the system and a randomly generated factor, and saves the encryption key using a secure key storage technology such as a hardware security module (HSM). It stores the key in a protected area to prevent the key from being stolen or tampered with. At the same time, the security key management unit updates the key regularly through its key update and rotation function, improving the security of data transmission.

[0026] Preferably, the data encryption unit first encrypts the key of the symmetric encryption algorithm using the RSA asymmetric encryption algorithm with high encryption strength to obtain the encrypted key. Then, the sensitive data is encrypted using the AES symmetric encryption algorithm with high encryption efficiency to obtain the encrypted data. A check mechanism is introduced in the encryption process, and the system calculates the checksum of the data in real time and transmits the checksum and the encrypted data to the target device through the USB interface.

[0027] S4, data decryption and receiving stage: The data decryption unit is in the receiving end, first checks and verifies the received data to ensure the integrity of the data. Then, the received encrypted data is decrypted. The microcontroller sends the encrypted data to the decryption chip, and after the decryption chip completes the decryption, the original data is returned to the microcontroller. After the receiving end microcontroller obtains the original data, it can perform corresponding processing and application, such as storing to a storage device or displaying on a screen.

[0028] Preferably, when applied in an industrial control system, the data decryption unit decrypts the received encrypted data (i.e. ciphertext data) in the target device receiving end. First, the private key of the RSA asymmetric encryption algorithm is used to decrypt the encrypted key to obtain the key of the AES symmetric encryption algorithm, and then the key is used to decrypt the encrypted data to finally restore the original data.

[0029] Through the cooperative work of the above units, from data encryption, key management, encryption implementation, data transmission to data decryption, a complete and secure data encryption and transmission system is formed, which guarantees the security and reliability of data in the transmission process. And the encryption process completes the encryption operation with the help of the encryption chip, which is realized in the hardware level. This way not only improves the security of encryption, but also improves the efficiency of encryption.

[0030] Embodiment 2 This embodiment provides a smart adaptive power supply and encrypted data transmission USB device, which is implemented as follows: As Figure 2As shown, the USB device of the embodiment comprises a USB device interface plug, a plurality of USB device interfaces and a plurality of functional modules. The USB device interface plug is inserted into the USB port of a computer, the USB interfaces are used for data and power transmission with external devices, and the functional modules include an intelligent power supply module, an encrypted data transmission module, a device identification and connection management module and a central control module.

[0031] (1) Intelligent power supply module The intelligent power supply module comprises a voltage and current detection unit, a power supply strategy decision unit and an adjustable power supply output unit. The voltage and current detection unit is connected with the power supply strategy decision unit, and the power supply strategy decision unit is connected with the adjustable power supply output unit.

[0032] The voltage and current detection unit uses high-precision voltage and current sensor chips for accurately measuring the voltage and current values of the power supply device and the powered device. Preferably, AD7998 of Analog Devices Inc. is used, and the specific implementation is as follows: the voltage sensor reduces the high voltage to the measurable range of AD7998 by a resistance voltage dividing network, and AD7998 converts the analog voltage signal into a digital signal; the current sensor directly measures the current passing through the wire and outputs a voltage signal proportional to the current, which is also converted into a digital signal by AD7998, and these digital signals are transmitted to the microcontroller in real time.

[0033] Preferably, the power supply strategy decision unit hardware takes a high-performance STM32 series microcontroller as the core, and realizes the decision algorithm of the power supply strategy by writing a specific program. The microcontroller exchanges information with the power supply device through a specific communication protocol to determine the final power supply scheme.

[0034] Preferably, the adjustable power supply output unit hardware uses a programmable DC-DC conversion chip to control the output voltage and current by adjusting the voltage of its feedback pin. According to the control signal of the microcontroller, the output voltage and current are accurately adjusted.

[0035] (2) Encrypted data transmission module The encrypted data transmission module comprises a data encryption unit, a data decryption unit and a secure key management unit. The data encryption unit and the data decryption unit are respectively connected with the secure key management unit.

[0036] The data encryption unit and the data decryption unit use encryption chips to realize hardware acceleration of dynamic hybrid encryption algorithms. Preferably, the secure key management unit uses a hardware security module to ensure the secure storage and management of the key.

[0037] (3) Device identification and connection management module The device identification and connection management module comprises a device identity authentication unit and a connection state monitoring unit. The identity authentication unit is connected with the connection state monitoring unit.

[0038] The device identity authentication unit adopts an integrated security chip supporting multiple encryption algorithms and security protocols. Preferably, a biometric identification device such as a fingerprint identification sensor or a facial recognition camera is used in combination with digital certificate technology to achieve multi-factor identity authentication. The connection state monitoring unit monitors the connection state in real time by detecting parameters such as the pin state of the USB interface and the data transmission error rate.

[0039] (4) Central control module Preferably, a high-performance ARM Cortex-M7 series microcontroller is selected as the core control unit, responsible for coordinating and managing the work of each module. The microcontroller realizes the functions of connection establishment, power supply negotiation, data encryption and transmission, and data decryption and reception by writing corresponding programs.

[0040] The above-described embodiments only express the specific implementation of the present application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, without departing from the technical concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for using a USB device with intelligent adaptive power supply and encrypted data transmission, characterized in that, include: Connection establishment phase: When a USB device connects to an external device, it processes the authentication information exchanged between the two devices and performs multi-factor authentication; Power supply negotiation phase: Real-time monitoring of power supply parameters of power supply equipment and power receiving equipment, and communication and negotiation with power supply equipment; Adjust the output voltage and current according to the negotiation results; Data encryption and transmission stage: The transmitted data is encrypted, the checksum of the data is calculated in real time, and the checksum and encrypted data are transmitted to the other device through the data pin of the USB interface. During transmission, the connection status is monitored in real time; Data decryption and reception stage: The receiving end first verifies and validates the received data, and then decrypts the received encrypted data.

2. The method of using the USB device with intelligent adaptive power supply and encrypted data transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the real-time detection of power supply parameters of power supply equipment and power receiving equipment, based on the detected information and combined with preset algorithms and models, communication and negotiation are conducted with the power supply equipment to determine the power supply scheme.

3. The method of using the USB device with intelligent adaptive power supply and encrypted data transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the process of encrypting the transmitted data, a dynamic hybrid encryption algorithm is used, which combines symmetric encryption algorithm and asymmetric encryption algorithm, and introduces time factor and random factor.

4. The method of using the USB device with intelligent adaptive power supply and encrypted data transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the process of encrypting the transmitted data, the encryption strategy is dynamically adjusted according to the sensitivity of the data, the transmission environment and time factors, and the encryption key and encryption method are different each time.

5. The method of using the USB device with intelligent adaptive power supply and encrypted data transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the process of verifying and validating the received data at the receiving end and then decrypting the received encrypted data, a hybrid encryption algorithm is used for decryption. First, an asymmetric encryption algorithm is used to decrypt the key of the symmetric encryption algorithm, and then the symmetric encryption algorithm is used to decrypt the original data.

6. A USB device with intelligent adaptive power supply and encrypted data transmission, characterized in that, include: Device identification and connection management module: When a USB device connects to an external device, it processes the authentication information exchanged between the two devices and performs multi-factor authentication; Intelligent power supply module: Real-time detection of power supply parameters of power supply equipment and power receiving equipment, and communication and negotiation with power supply equipment; Adjust the output voltage and current according to the negotiation results; Encrypted data transmission module: Encrypts the transmitted data, calculates the checksum of the data in real time, and transmits the checksum and encrypted data to the other device through the data pin of the USB interface; During transmission, the connection status is monitored in real time; at the receiving end, the received data is first verified and validated, and then the received encrypted data is decrypted. Central control module: coordinates and manages the work of the intelligent power supply module, encrypted data transmission module, and device identification and connection management module; It receives information from various modules and makes decisions and processes them according to preset logic and algorithms.

7. The USB device with intelligent adaptive power supply and encrypted data transmission according to claim 6, characterized in that, The intelligent power supply module includes a voltage and current detection unit, which uses high-precision voltage and current sensors to monitor the input voltage and current of the USB interface and the actual operating voltage and current requirements of the powered device in real time.

8. The USB device with intelligent adaptive power supply and encrypted data transmission according to claim 6, characterized in that, The encrypted data transmission module includes a security key management unit, which generates, stores, and manages the keys required for encryption and decryption. It employs secure key storage technology to store the keys in a protected area. This unit has key update and rotation functions, and updates the keys periodically.

9. The USB device with intelligent adaptive power supply and encrypted data transmission according to claim 6, characterized in that, The device identification and connection management module includes a device authentication unit. When a device is connected, the device authentication unit authenticates the connected device by exchanging specific authentication information on the data pins. Only devices that have been authenticated can establish a connection and transmit data.

10. The USB device with intelligent adaptive power supply and encrypted data transmission according to claim 6, characterized in that, The device identification and connection management module includes a connection status monitoring unit. When the connection status monitoring unit detects a connection abnormality, it reports to the central control module.

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