Electric heating glass and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides electric heating glass and a vehicle. The electric heating glass comprises a plurality of heating areas, and the heating areas are sequentially arranged and arranged in parallel. The electric heating glass further comprises an auxiliary view field area and a common area, the auxiliary view field area is used for a driver to observe an outside rear-view mirror, the common area is connected to the periphery of the auxiliary view field area, and the heating areas are arranged in the heating areas. The power density of at least part of the heating area located in the auxiliary view area is the first power density, the power density of the heating area located in the common area is the second power density, and the first power density is larger than the second power density. According to the technical scheme, lower energy consumption and higher response speed can be achieved, work in a low-temperature environment can be achieved, and the overall heat management efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of automotive technology, and more particularly to an electrically heated glass and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In cold weather, car windows are prone to fogging and even frost formation, especially the side windows. Fogging and frost can severely impair the driver's visibility, posing a significant safety hazard. Current heating technologies for car side windows primarily use hot air heating. This technology uses the vehicle's air conditioning system to heat air before introducing it into the door cavity. The hot air is then directed to the side windows via air duct structures or distributed vents, effectively heating the side windows.

[0003] The hot air heating method relies entirely on the vehicle's air conditioning system for heating, requiring the vehicle's air conditioning heating function to be activated to operate. This method is particularly energy-intensive in low-temperature winter conditions, placing higher demands on the vehicle's overall energy system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of this application provide an electrically heated glass and vehicle that have lower energy consumption and faster response speed, can operate in low-temperature environments, and improve overall thermal management efficiency.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides an electrically heated glass, the electrically heated glass comprising a plurality of heating zones, the plurality of heating zones being arranged sequentially and connected in parallel; The electrically heated glass further includes an auxiliary field of vision area and a normal area. The auxiliary field of vision area is used for the driver to observe the exterior rearview mirror. The normal area is connected to the periphery of the auxiliary field of vision area. Among the multiple heating areas, the power density of the heating area located in the auxiliary field of vision area is a first power density, and the power density of at least a portion of the heating areas located in the normal area is a second power density. The first power density is greater than the second power density.

[0006] Understandably, by setting up multiple heating zones and enabling these zones to heat independently in parallel, the electrically heated glass can achieve self-heating. This self-heating method allows the electrically heated glass to have an independent heat source, and each of the multiple heating zones can heat itself independently, effectively reducing reliance on the air conditioning system and resulting in lower energy consumption and faster response times. Furthermore, the self-heating method of the electrically heated glass can be coordinated with the vehicle's air conditioning system, allowing it to work together in extremely low-temperature environments and improving the overall thermal management efficiency of the vehicle.

[0007] Furthermore, in electrically heated glass, the auxiliary vision area, located near the exterior rearview mirror, provides the driver with excellent side and rear visibility. However, this area is prone to frost and ice buildup in winter, severely impacting driving safety. Therefore, this area is designated as a high-priority heating zone, with the primary heating power of the heating zone within it exceeding the secondary heating power of the heating zone in the normal area. This ensures that this critical area achieves effective defrosting as quickly as possible, prioritizing a clear field of vision.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the first power density is 552 W / m². 2 -649 W / m 2 The second power density is 460W / m 2 -540W / m 2 .

[0009] In one possible implementation, the plurality of heating zones are divided into a first region and a second region, the first region including a portion of the auxiliary field of view region and the normal region, the second region including the remaining portion of the normal region, the power density of the first region being the first power density, and the power density of the second region being the second power density.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the heating zone located in the auxiliary field of view area can be heated preferentially over the heating zone located in the normal area.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the defrosting rate of the auxiliary field of view area can be greater than or equal to 50% within a first preset time, wherein the first preset time is less than or equal to 7 minutes.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the defrosting rate of the auxiliary field of view area can reach 100% within a second preset time, wherein the second preset time is less than or equal to 10 minutes.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the electrically heated glass includes a glass body, a first busbar, a second busbar, and a plurality of heating wires. The first busbar, the second busbar, and the plurality of heating wires are all located within the glass body and connected to the glass body. The first busbar and the second busbar are spaced apart, and the plurality of heating wires are electrically connected to the first busbar and the second busbar respectively. Each of the heating zones includes a portion of the glass body, a portion of the first busbar, a portion of the second busbar, and a plurality of the heating wires.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the glass body includes an outer glass pane, an inner glass pane, and an intermediate layer, wherein the outer glass pane and the inner glass pane are connected through the intermediate layer; The first busbar is located between the outer glass and the inner glass; The second busbar is located between the outer glass and the inner glass. The second busbar includes a plurality of first sub-wires and a plurality of second sub-wires. The plurality of first sub-wires and the plurality of second sub-wires are located on different sides of the intermediate layer, and the plurality of first sub-wires and the plurality of second sub-wires are electrically connected. The plurality of heating wires are located between the outer glass and the inner glass, and the plurality of heating wires, the first busbar and the plurality of first sub-wires are located on the same side of the intermediate layer. The plurality of heating wires are electrically connected to the first busbar and the plurality of first sub-wires respectively.

[0015] In one possible implementation, each of the heating zones includes a portion of the glass body, a portion of the first busbar, at least a portion of a first sub-wire, and a plurality of the heating wires; Within the same heating zone, any one of the heating wires, the first busbar, and the first sub-wire forms a heating circuit, and multiple heating circuits are connected in parallel.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the total power of all the heating circuits is less than or equal to 160W.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the operating voltage range of all the heating circuits is between 12V and 16V.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the total current of all the heating circuits is less than 15A.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the second busbar further includes a plurality of connecting portions, wherein adjacent first and second sub-buses are electrically connected through one of the connecting portions, and the plurality of connecting portions pass through the intermediate layer.

[0020] In one possible implementation, a plurality of first sub-lines, a plurality of second sub-lines, and a plurality of connecting portions are integrally arranged.

[0021] In one possible implementation, at least a portion of any of the first sub-lines is located within the intermediate layer, and / or at least a portion of any of the second sub-lines is located within the intermediate layer.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the first busbar and the second busbar are located on the same side edge of the electrically heated glass, with the first busbar being closer to the edge of the electrically heated glass than the second busbar.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the electrically heated glass includes a lower edge, with both the first busbar and the second busbar located at the lower edge and intended to be covered by water-cutting.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the electrically heated glass is a side window glass.

[0025] Secondly, this application provides a vehicle, the vehicle including a body sheet and electrically heated glass as described above, the electrically heated glass being mounted on the body sheet. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a perspective structural diagram of an electrically heated glass provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a simplified schematic diagram illustrating the division of an electrically heated glass area according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 It is along Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of the electrically heated glass obtained by cutting along section line AA. Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A partial structural diagram of the electrically heated glass is shown. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the electrically heated glass provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a simulation diagram of the test glass 1 provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a simulation diagram of the test glass 2 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure label: Vehicle 200, body sheet metal 210, electrically heated glass 100, heating zone 10, upper edge 120, lower edge 130, heating circuit W, auxiliary vision area Q1, normal area Q2, first area C1, second area C2, glass body 40, first busbar 20, second busbar 30, heating wire 50, outer glass 41, inner glass 42, first surface 411, second surface 412, third surface 421, fourth surface 422, intermediate layer 43, first sub-wire 31, second sub-wire 32, connecting part 33, heating zone 101, heating zone 102, heating zone 103, heating zone 104, heating zone 105, heating zone 106, heating zone 107, heating zone 108, heating zone 109, heating zone 110, heating zone 111, heating zone 112, heating zone 113, heating zone 114, heating zone 115 and heating zone 116. Detailed Implementation

[0028] For ease of understanding, the terminology used in the embodiments of this application will be explained first.

[0029] And / or: This is simply a way of describing the relationship between related objects. It indicates that there can be three kinds of relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.

[0030] Multiple: refers to two or more.

[0031] Connection: should be interpreted broadly. For example, the connection between A and B can be a direct connection between A and B, or an indirect connection between A and B through an intermediary.

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Embodiments of this application provide an electrically heated glass and a vehicle.

[0034] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle 200 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Vehicle 200 may include body sheet metal 210 and electrically heated glass 100. The electrically heated glass 100 is mounted on body sheet metal 210. The electrically heated glass 100 may be one or more of the following: windshield, rear windshield, sunroof, side window, and corner window of vehicle 200.

[0036] It should be noted that, Figure 1The purpose is merely to illustratively describe the connection relationship between the vehicle body sheet metal 210 and the electrically heated glass 100, and is not to specifically limit the connection positions, specific structures, and quantities of each component. In other embodiments of this application, the vehicle 200 may include... Figure 1 This may involve more or fewer components, or combining certain components, or splitting certain components, or different component arrangements. Figure 1 The components shown can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both.

[0037] The following explanation will take the electrically heated glass 100 as an example of the side window glass of vehicle 200, but it should be understood that it is not limited to this.

[0038] Understandably, as described in the background section, effective heating of side window glass in related technologies relies on the vehicle's air conditioning system. This hot air heating method is particularly energy-intensive in low-temperature winter conditions, placing higher demands on the vehicle's energy system and potentially significantly impacting the driving range of electric vehicles or reducing the fuel economy of gasoline-powered vehicles.

[0039] Furthermore, because the heat from this type of hot air heating is mainly transferred through air ducts or air conditioning vents, the distribution of hot air inside the car door is uneven. The heating effect is better near the air vents, while the edges of the door or handles are farther away, making it difficult for heat to be effectively transferred. This may result in incomplete defrosting of some side windows, affecting the door opening and closing function and the user experience.

[0040] In addition, during the heating process, the air conditioning fan needs to run at high speed for a long time to deliver enough hot air, which can easily generate significant wind noise. This noise is particularly noticeable in a relatively quiet car environment, affecting not only the driver's auditory comfort but also potentially interfering with the use of in-car voice interaction or the audio system, thus reducing the overall quietness and riding experience of the vehicle.

[0041] In summary, among the relevant technologies, the side window heating methods have drawbacks such as over-reliance on the air conditioning system, high overall energy consumption, uneven heating area distribution, ineffective defrosting, significant wind noise, and impact on driving comfort.

[0042] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide an electrically heated glass 100, which reduces reliance on the air conditioning system, has lower energy consumption, faster response speed, better heating uniformity, and lower noise. Furthermore, it can be controlled in conjunction with the air conditioning heating system to work together in extreme low-temperature environments, improving the overall vehicle's thermal management efficiency.

[0043] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a perspective structural schematic diagram of an electrically heated glass 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2In this illustration, the shape of the electrically heated glass 100 is for convenience only and does not constitute a specific limitation on the structure of the electrically heated glass 100. The electrically heated glass 100 can be any regular or irregular shape. Furthermore, the bold dashed lines in the electrically heated glass 100 are schematic division lines for partitioning the electrically heated glass 100 and do not represent the actual partitioning shape or actual partitioning boundary lines of the electrically heated glass 100. In addition, the area enclosed by the irregular frame in the electrically heated glass 100 is an exemplary division of the auxiliary viewing area Q1 in the electrically heated glass 100.

[0044] For ease of description, the length direction of the electrically heated glass 100 is defined as the X direction, the width direction as the Y direction, and the thickness direction as the Z direction. The X, Y, and Z directions are all perpendicular to each other.

[0045] The electrically heated glass 100 may include an upper edge 120 and a lower edge 130. Both the upper edge 120 and the lower edge 130 may extend along the length direction (X direction in the diagram) of the electrically heated glass 100 and be positioned opposite each other and spaced apart along the width direction (Y direction in the diagram). The lower edge 130 may be located closer to the bottom of the vehicle 200 relative to the upper edge 120. Here, "extending along the length direction of the electrically heated glass 100" means that the upper edge 120 may extend in a straight line or a curve along the length direction of the electrically heated glass 100. "Extending along the length direction of the electrically heated glass 100" means that the lower edge 130 may extend in a straight line or a curve along the length direction of the electrically heated glass 100. The meaning of "extending along each direction" as described below is the same and will not be repeated.

[0046] The electrically heated glass 100 may include multiple heating zones 10. These heating zones 10 may be arranged sequentially in a direction parallel to the electrically heated glass 100 (the XY plane defined by the X and Y axes in the diagram). The multiple heating zones 10 may occupy the surface area of ​​the electrically heated glass 100. The multiple heating zones 10 may be connected in parallel. Any one or more of the multiple heating zones 10 may simultaneously heat the electrically heated glass 100. Each heating zone 10 includes at least one heating circuit W. Within the same heating zone 10, at least one heating circuit W is connected in parallel. The multiple heating circuits W formed by the multiple heating zones 10 are also connected in parallel. That is, each heating zone 10 can be supplied with at least one independent current flow to independently achieve the individual heating function of each heating zone 10, thereby enabling the multiple heating zones 10 to cooperate in achieving the whole-surface heating function of the electrically heated glass 100, ensuring the heating area and heating uniformity of the electrically heated glass 100.

[0047] The structures of the multiple heating zones 10 can be similar, identical, or different. The multiple heating zones 10 can be arranged sequentially along the length direction (X direction in the diagram) of the electrically heated glass 100. Among the multiple heating zones 10, the area of ​​the heating zone 10 along the length direction of the electrically heated glass 100 can be increased, decreased, or remained unchanged. Furthermore, the number of heating zones 10 can be selected according to actual needs and is not limited thereto. That is, the electrically heated glass 100 can be divided into multiple heating zones 10 according to functional requirements and shape complexity, and each heating zone 10 is finely designed according to its position, area, and current path. For example, as shown... Figure 2 As shown, the number of heating zones 10 can be sixteen.

[0048] It is understandable that by forming multiple independent and parallel heating zones 10 in the electrically heated glass 100, the multi-zone heating characteristics of the electrically heated glass 100 can be utilized to achieve whole-area heating and power enhancement of the electrically heated glass 100. This is beneficial to improving the local resistivity within the electrically heated glass 100 and to achieving local rapid heating on the basis of overall uniform heating.

[0049] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a simplified schematic diagram illustrating the area division of an electrically heated glass 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 In the diagram, the area enclosed by the irregular frame is an exemplary division of the auxiliary field of view area Q1 of the electrically heated glass 100, and the area outside the irregular frame is an exemplary division of the normal area Q2 of the electrically heated glass 100.

[0050] The electrically heated glass 100 may further include an auxiliary viewing area Q1 and a normal area Q2. The normal area Q2 is connected to the periphery of the auxiliary viewing area Q1. The auxiliary viewing area Q1 and the normal area Q2 can together form the visible area of ​​the electrically heated glass 100. The auxiliary viewing area Q1 can be used for the driver to observe the exterior rearview mirror, and the normal area Q2 can be any other visible area in the electrically heated glass 100 besides the auxiliary viewing area Q1. Among the plurality of heating areas 10, the power density of the heating area 10 located in the auxiliary viewing area Q1 can be a first power density, and the power density of at least a portion of the heating areas 10 located in the normal area Q2 can be a second power density. The first power density can be greater than the second power density.

[0051] It is understandable that by setting multiple heating zones 10 and enabling these zones to heat in parallel and in sections, the electrically heated glass 100 can achieve self-heating. This self-heating method allows the electrically heated glass 100 to have an independent heat source, and each of the multiple heating zones 10 can heat independently, effectively reducing reliance on the air conditioning system and resulting in lower energy consumption and faster response times. Furthermore, the self-heating method of the electrically heated glass 100 can be coordinated with the vehicle's air conditioning system for operation in extreme low-temperature environments, improving the overall thermal management efficiency of the vehicle 200.

[0052] Furthermore, in the electrically heated glass 100, the auxiliary vision area Q1, located near the exterior rearview mirror, provides the driver with excellent side and rear visibility. However, this area is prone to frost and ice formation in winter, severely impacting driving safety. Therefore, this area is designated as a high-priority heating zone, ensuring that the first heating power of the heating zone 10 within this zone is greater than the second heating power of the heating zone 10 within the normal area Q2. This guarantees that the critical auxiliary vision area Q1 can achieve a good defrosting effect as quickly as possible, prioritizing clear visibility.

[0053] In the embodiments of this application, the first power density is 552 W / m². 2 -649 W / m 2 (Including endpoint value 552W / m) 2 and 649W / m 2 The second power density is 460W / m 2 -540W / m 2 (Including endpoint value 460W / m) 2 and 540W / m 2 It is understandable that by setting the first power density of the heating zone 10 located in the auxiliary viewing area Q1 and the second power density of the heating zone 10 located in the ordinary area Q2 within the aforementioned range, multiple heating zones 10 can cover the key functional areas (i.e., the auxiliary viewing area Q1) and edge areas (i.e., the ordinary area Q2) of the entire electrically heated glass 100. Furthermore, by combining this with a temperature sensor closed-loop control system, the power distribution between the auxiliary viewing area Q1 and the edge areas can be dynamically adjusted, ensuring that the auxiliary viewing area Q1 has a higher heating priority and that the ordinary area Q2 is fully covered by heating. This allows the electrically heated glass 100 to achieve uniform heat distribution through zoned heating, effectively solving problems such as heat concentration and insufficient edge defrosting present in related hot air solutions.

[0054] Please continue reading. Figure 2 and Figure 3The multiple heating zones 10 can be divided into a first region C1 and a second region C2. The first region C1 may include a portion of the auxiliary field of view region Q1 and the ordinary region Q2 described above. The second region C2 may include the remaining portion of the ordinary region Q2 described above. The power density of the first region C1 may be greater than the power density of the second region C2. Specifically, the power density of the first region C1 may be the first power density described above, and the power density of the second region C2 may be the second power density described above.

[0055] The first region C1 and the second region C2 can be arranged sequentially along the length of the electrically heated glass 100 (X direction in the figure). The number of heating zones 10 in the first region C1 can be the same as or different from the number of heating zones 10 in the second region C2. The area of ​​the first region C1 can be the same as or different from the area of ​​the second region C2.

[0056] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the multiple heating zones 10 may include sixteen regions: heating zone 101, heating zone 102, heating zone 103, heating zone 104, heating zone 105, heating zone 106, heating zone 107, heating zone 108, heating zone 109, heating zone 110, heating zone 111, heating zone 112, heating zone 113, heating zone 114, heating zone 115, and heating zone 116. Heating zones 101 through 116 can be arranged sequentially along the length of the electrically heated glass 100. The eight regions 101 through 108 can collectively form a first region C1, and the eight regions 109 through 116 can collectively form a second region C2.

[0057] It is understandable that, since the electrically heated glass 100 has two regions with different defrosting and defogging performance priorities, namely the auxiliary viewing area Q1 and the normal area Q2, the multiple heating zones 10 are correspondingly divided into two regions with different power densities, namely the first region C1 and the second region C2. This allows the power distribution of the first region C1 and the second region C2 to be adapted to the defrosting and defogging priorities of the auxiliary viewing area Q1 and the normal area Q2, respectively. Thus, the heating power can be accurately allocated according to the criticality of the regions in the electrically heated glass 100, thereby precisely controlling the heating uniformity of the electrically heated glass 100.

[0058] In the embodiments of this application, the heating zone 10 located in the auxiliary vision area Q1 is heated preferentially over the heating zone 10 located in the normal area Q2. It is understood that when the electrically heated glass 100 activates its heating function, the heating zone 10 located in the auxiliary vision area Q1 is heated preferentially over the heating zone 10 located in the normal area Q2, which can quickly clear frost, fog, or ice and snow from these auxiliary vision areas Q1, ensuring clear driving visibility and improving driving safety.

[0059] Optionally, within a first preset time period, the defrosting rate of the auxiliary viewing area Q1 can be greater than or equal to 50%, wherein the first preset time is less than or equal to 7 minutes. Under this setting, the auxiliary viewing area Q1 can quickly remove frost, fog, etc., avoiding energy waste and improving heating efficiency.

[0060] Optionally, within a second preset time period, the defrosting rate of the auxiliary vision area Q1 can reach 100%, wherein the second preset time is less than or equal to 10 minutes. Under this setting, the output power can be adjusted according to the ambient temperature and the target temperature, enabling the auxiliary vision area Q1 to achieve a 100% defrosting rate in a shorter time. This energy allocation method is suitable for vehicles with strict energy efficiency requirements (such as electric vehicles).

[0061] Optionally, the total power of all heating circuits W can be less than or equal to 160W, where the value of 160W can fluctuate within a range of ±8%. The operating voltage range of all heating circuits W can be within the range of 12V to 16V (inclusive of the endpoint values ​​of 12V and 16V). The total current of all heating circuits W can be less than 15A.

[0062] Understandably, by controlling the total power of all heating circuits W to within 160W, the operating voltage range to 12V~16V, and the total current to <15A, compared to related technologies that rely on engine waste heat or air conditioning compressors, the solution provided by the embodiments of this application has higher energy conversion efficiency, lower energy consumption, faster response, and less impact on range, which is particularly suitable for the energy consumption optimization needs of electric vehicles, making it energy-efficient and highly effective.

[0063] In embodiments of this application, the electrically heated glass 100 may include a glass body 40, a first busbar 20, a second busbar 30, and a plurality of heating wires 50. The first busbar 20, the second busbar 30, and the plurality of heating wires 50 are all located within and connected to the glass body 40. The first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 may be spaced apart. Both the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 may be electrically connected to the plurality of heating wires 50, allowing current to flow through the first busbar 20, the second busbar 30, and the plurality of heating wires 50, thereby enabling the plurality of heating wires 50 to heat the glass body 40 and achieve the defrosting and defogging functions of the electrically heated glass 100. The polarity of the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 may be opposite. That is, the polarity of the first busbar 20 may be either positive or negative, and the polarity of the second busbar 30 may be either positive or negative.

[0064] Each heating zone 10 described above may include a portion of the glass body 40, a portion of the first busbar 20, a portion of the second busbar 30, and multiple heating wires 50. One end of any heating wire 50 is electrically connected to the first busbar 20, and the other end of any heating wire 50 is electrically connected to the second busbar 30. Any heating wire 50, the first busbar 20, and the second busbar 30 can form a heating circuit W as described above.

[0065] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 It is along Figure 2 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of the electrically heated glass 100 obtained by cutting along section line AA.

[0066] The glass body 40 may include an outer glass pane 41 and an inner glass pane 42. The inner glass pane 42 and the outer glass pane 41 are stacked in the thickness direction (Z direction in the diagram) of the glass body 40. The outer glass pane 41 may be located near the exterior of the vehicle 200, while the inner glass pane 42 may be located near the interior of the vehicle 200.

[0067] The outer glass pane 41 may include a first surface 411 and a second surface 412. The second surface 412 and the first surface 411 are disposed opposite each other in the thickness direction (Z direction in the figure) of the outer glass pane 41. The first surface 411 is the surface of the outer glass pane 41 facing the outside of the vehicle 200, that is, the outer surface of the glass body 40. The second surface 412 is the surface of the outer glass pane 41 facing the inside of the vehicle 200.

[0068] The inner glass pane 42 may include a third surface 421 and a fourth surface 422. The fourth surface 422 and the third surface 421 are disposed opposite to each other in the thickness direction (Z direction in the figure) of the inner glass pane 42. The third surface 421 is the surface of the inner glass pane 42 facing the outside of the vehicle 200. The fourth surface 422 is the surface of the inner glass pane 42 facing the inside of the vehicle 200. The third surface 421 may be disposed opposite to the second surface 412 of the outer glass pane 41.

[0069] In embodiments of this application, the glass body 40 may further include an intermediate layer 43. In the thickness direction (Z direction in the figure) of the glass body 40, the inner glass 42, the intermediate layer 43, and the outer glass 41 are sequentially stacked. The outer glass 41 and the inner glass 42 are connected by the intermediate layer 43. The intermediate layer 43 is connected between the inner glass 42 and the outer glass 41. The intermediate layer 43 allows for the embedding of multiple heating wires 50 and ensures the safety and transparency of the sandwich structure of the glass body 40. Specifically, the intermediate layer 43 can be connected between the second surface 412 of the outer glass 41 and the third surface 421 of the inner glass 42. That is, the intermediate layer 43 is sandwiched between the second surface 412 of the outer glass 41 and the third surface 421 of the inner glass 42, and is used to bond and fix the outer glass 41 and the inner glass 42 together.

[0070] Exemplarily, the interlayer 43 can be a thermoplastic interlayer. The material of the interlayer 43 can be, but is not limited to, polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyacrylate (PA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyurethane (PUR), ionomer film (SGP), etc. Among these, ethylene vinyl acetate has good flexibility and is easy to process. Ionomer film has high strength and strong impact resistance. Of course, the material of the interlayer 43 is not limited to the materials listed above; any material that can accommodate multiple heating wires 50, has good optical performance, and whose coefficient of thermal expansion matches that of the glass material is within the scope of protection claimed in the embodiments of this application.

[0071] Please see Figure 2 ,exist Figure 2 In the middle, the dashed line extending along the X direction is the edge line of the water cut of vehicle 200.

[0072] In the embodiments of this application, the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 may both be located on the same side edge of the electrically heated glass 100, with the first busbar 20 being closer to the edge of the electrically heated glass 100 than the second busbar 30. Specifically, the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 may both be located at the lower edge 130 of the electrically heated glass 100 and extend along the lower edge 130 of the electrically heated glass 100. In other embodiments, the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 may also extend along other edges of the electrically heated glass, without limitation.

[0073] It is understandable that the electrically heated glass 100 is preferably an openable and closable side window. The electrically heated glass 100 can be opened by lowering it into the doorway and closed by raising it to close the doorway opening. During the raising and lowering of the electrically heated glass 100, its upper edge 120 is usually visible, while its lower edge 130 is usually obscured by the door frame. Therefore, arranging the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 at the lower edge 130 of the electrically heated glass 100 achieves concealment of their layout, thus preventing them from being visible and improving the appearance of the electrically heated glass 100, thereby enhancing the driver's user experience.

[0074] Furthermore, the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 can be covered by a water-cut edge (as shown in the figure, the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 are covered by the edge line of the water-cut edge). Thus, the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 can always be blocked by the water-cut edge, further ensuring that the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 are not visible in the appearance of the electrically heated glass 100, achieving transparent heating of the electrically heated glass 100 and improving the appearance of the electrically heated glass 100.

[0075] Please refer to the following: Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 yes Figure 2 The diagram shown is a partial structural schematic of the electrically heated glass 100. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the electrically heated glass 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 In the middle, the dashed lines are schematic division lines in the electrically heated glass 100.

[0076] In the embodiments of this application, the first busbar 20 can be located between the outer glass 41 and the inner glass 42. The first busbar 20 can serve as the main current transmission path, improving conductivity. Exemplarily, the first busbar 20 can extend along the length direction (X direction in the figure) of the electrically heated glass 100. The polarity of the first busbar 20 can be positive. The material of the first busbar 20 can be copper alloy tin-plated wire. The solder joints on the first busbar 20 can use high-temperature alloy solder to provide reliable electrical contact and mechanical fixation.

[0077] Specifically, the first busbar 20 can be located between the second surface 412 of the outer glass 41 and the intermediate layer 43. The first busbar 20 can be connected to the intermediate layer 43. Alternatively, the first busbar 20 can be located between the third surface 421 of the inner glass 42 and the intermediate layer 43. The first busbar 20 can be connected to the intermediate layer 43.

[0078] The second busbar 30 can be located between the outer glass 41 and the inner glass 42, and spaced apart from the first busbar 20. The second busbar 30 can serve as the main current transmission path, improving conductivity. Specifically, a portion of the second busbar 30 can be located on the same side of the intermediate layer 43 as the first busbar 20, while another portion of the second busbar 30 can be located on a different side of the intermediate layer 43 from the first busbar 20.

[0079] This configuration allows a portion of the second busbar 30 to be mounted on the same layer as the first busbar 20, while another portion is mounted on a different layer. This achieves better electrical isolation between the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 without requiring additional insulation. "Modular mounting" means the two components can be on the same plane or layer. "Electrical isolation" refers to severing the direct electrical connection between two components or devices through electrical insulation or other means, thereby preventing the direct transmission of current, voltage, or signals between them. The descriptions of "modular mounting" and "electrical isolation" in the following text can be understood similarly and will not be elaborated further.

[0080] Exemplarily, the second busbar 30 may extend along the length of the electrically heated glass 100 and be spaced apart from the first busbar 20 along the width direction (Y direction in the figure) of the electrically heated glass 100. Optionally, the second busbar 30 may be arranged parallel to the first busbar 20. The second busbar 30 may be located away from the lower edge 130 of the electrically heated glass 100 relative to the first busbar 20. The polarity of the second busbar 30 may be negative. The material of the second busbar 30 may be copper alloy tin-plated wire. The solder joints on the second busbar 30 may be made of high-temperature alloy solder to provide reliable electrical contact and mechanical fixation.

[0081] In some other embodiments, the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 may both extend along the width direction of the electrically heated glass 100 and be spaced apart along the length direction of the electrically heated glass 100, without limitation.

[0082] In embodiments of this application, the second busbar 30 may include a plurality of first sub-buses 31 and a plurality of second sub-buses 32. The plurality of first sub-buses 31 and the plurality of second sub-buses 32 may be located on different sides of the intermediate layer 43. The plurality of first sub-buses 31 may be electrically connected to the plurality of second sub-buses 32. The plurality of first sub-buses 31 and the plurality of second sub-buses 32 may be alternately arranged. That is, along the extension direction of the second busbar 30, the second busbar 30 may form a layout structure of "first sub-bus 31-second sub-bus 32-first sub-bus 31-...-first sub-bus 31". The first sub-buses 31 may be located on the same side of the intermediate layer 43 as the first busbar 20 and electrically connected to the first busbar 20. That is, the first sub-buses 31 and the first busbar 20 are arranged on the same layer. The second sub-buses 32 may be located on a different side of the intermediate layer 43 from the first busbar 20 and electrically isolated from the first busbar 20. That is, the second sub-buses 32 and the first busbar 20 are arranged on different layers. The structures of the multiple first sub-lines 31 can be similar, identical, or different. The structures of the multiple second sub-lines 32 can be similar, identical, or different.

[0083] For example, any one of the first sub-lines 31 can be spaced apart from the first busbar 20 in the width direction (Y direction in the figure) of the electrically heated glass 100. In the thickness direction (Z direction in the figure) of the electrically heated glass 100, the projection of any one of the second sub-lines 32 on the glass body 40 can be spaced apart from the projection of the first busbar 20 on the glass body 40, or the projection of any one of the second sub-lines 32 on the glass body 40 can at least partially overlap with the projection of the first busbar 20 on the glass body 40.

[0084] Multiple first sub-lines 31 and first busbars 20 may be located between the outer glass 41 and the intermediate layer 43, that is, between the second surface 412 of the outer glass 41 and the intermediate layer 43. Multiple second sub-lines 32 may be located between the inner glass 42 and the intermediate layer 43, that is, between the third surface 421 of the inner glass 42 and the intermediate layer 43.

[0085] Alternatively, multiple first sub-lines 31 and first busbars 20 may be located between the inner glass 42 and the intermediate layer 43, that is, all located between the third surface 421 of the inner glass 42 and the intermediate layer 43. Multiple second sub-lines 32 may be located between the outer glass 41 and the intermediate layer 43, that is, located between the second surface 412 of the outer glass 41 and the intermediate layer 43.

[0086] It is understandable that by interlacing the second busbar 30 within the intermediate layer 43, a structural arrangement can be achieved where multiple first sub-wires 31 and multiple second sub-wires 32 are located on opposite surfaces of the intermediate layer 43. This allows the multiple first sub-wires 31 and multiple second sub-wires 32 to maintain a certain distance from each other through the spacing effect of the intermediate layer 43. Furthermore, since the multiple first sub-wires 31 and the first busbar 20 are also located on the same side of the intermediate layer 43, the multiple second sub-wires 32 and the first busbar 20 can also maintain a certain distance from each other through the spacing effect of the intermediate layer 43, thereby achieving better electrical isolation between the multiple second sub-wires 32 and the first busbar 20. Furthermore, since the second busbar 30 is arranged in an interlaced manner within the intermediate layer 43, multiple first sub-wires 31 and multiple second sub-wires 32 are respectively provided on the two opposing surfaces of the intermediate layer 43. This allows for a power supply mode that supplies power from one end while simultaneously supplying energy to multiple first sub-wires 31 and multiple second sub-wires 32, reducing wiring redundancy, improving the integration efficiency of the electric heating system of the electrically heated glass 100, and allowing for the design of as many heating circuits W as possible. In summary, by adopting an interlaced arrangement for the second busbar 30, more heating circuits W can be divided.

[0087] Furthermore, at least a portion of any first sub-wire 31 can be located within the intermediate layer 43, and / or at least a portion of any second sub-wire 32 can be located within the intermediate layer 43. In this configuration, at least a portion of the second busbar 30 can be embedded within the intermediate layer 43, achieving a "threading" structure for the second busbar 30 on the intermediate layer 43. This not only improves the connection strength and reliability between the second busbar 30 and the intermediate layer 43 but also facilitates the thinning of the electrically heated glass 100. Moreover, the second busbar 30 does not require segmentation, simplifying the design and facilitating industrial mass production.

[0088] In embodiments of this application, the second busbar 30 may further include multiple connecting portions 33. Adjacent first sub-buses 31 and second sub-buses 32 can be electrically connected through a connecting portion 33. Multiple connecting portions 33 can pass through the intermediate layer 43. Specifically, any connecting portion 33 can be connected between an adjacent first sub-bus 31 and a second sub-bus 32. Any connecting portion 33 can be arranged at an angle to both an adjacent first sub-bus 31 and a second sub-bus 32. More specifically, any connecting portion 33 can be embedded in the intermediate layer 43 and bent to connect between an adjacent first sub-bus 31 and a second sub-bus 32.

[0089] Therefore, the second busbar 30 can be structurally arranged in the intermediate layer 43 while maintaining its integrity as a complete busbar. Since the second busbar 30 is not a disconnected structure, it can balance current continuity with ease of processing and manufacturing.

[0090] Furthermore, in the second busbar 30, a plurality of first sub-buses 31, a plurality of second sub-buses 32, and a plurality of connecting portions 33 can be integrally formed. The integrally formed second busbar 30 is simpler to process and manufacture, which helps to save processing costs and improve processing efficiency. For example, the plurality of first sub-buses 31, a plurality of second sub-buses 32, and a plurality of connecting portions 33 can be integrally formed.

[0091] In the embodiments of this application, the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 can be fixed to the intermediate layer 43 by welding to improve the reliability of current conduction, current carrying capacity, and structural stability. The interlaced arrangement of the second busbar 30 allows it to be positioned on both sides of the intermediate layer 43, unlike traditional busbar schemes that can only be positioned on one side of the intermediate layer 43. On one hand, this allows the second busbar 30 to pass through multiple heating zones 10, enabling more heating zones 10 to achieve electrical independence and supporting different power densities for different heating zones 10, achieving zoned heating control and improving heating uniformity and efficiency. On the other hand, this wiring structure can also flexibly adjust the current and power distribution of each heating zone 10, allowing the auxiliary viewing area Q1 to be heated preferentially, while the ordinary area Q2 is defrosted uniformly.

[0092] In other embodiments, the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 may not adopt the structure described above, but can be adjusted to a "parallel vertical layout" or a "circular closed loop" depending on the glass shape and door structure. Alternatively, in specific vehicle models, they can be changed to "same-side entry and exit wiring" to meet the need for simplified wiring harness routing. Alternatively, the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 can be integrated into the glass frame or interior trim structure, and connected through connectors on flexible flat cables or flexible circuit boards, improving maintainability and aesthetics.

[0093] The "parallel layout" refers to arranging a busbar (such as the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30) on both the upper edge 120 and the lower edge 130 of the electrically heated glass 100. Multiple heating wires 50 can be arranged laterally in parallel lines inside the glass body 40, connecting the upper and lower busbars. After energization, current flows from the upper busbar to the lower busbar, passing through each heating wire 50 to form a uniform heating network.

[0094] "A closed-loop circuit" refers to the arrangement of busbars around the electrically heated glass 100 (upper edge 120, lower edge 130, left edge, and right side frame) to form a closed loop. Multiple heating wires 50 can extend vertically (or serpentinely) from the upper busbar to the lower busbar and connect with the surrounding busbars. After energization, the current can be evenly distributed along the surrounding busbars in four directions (up, down, left, and right), making the glass surface heated more uniformly.

[0095] "Same-side entry and exit wiring" means that the positive and negative terminals of the power supply are arranged on the same side of the electrically heated glass 100 (usually the lower left or lower right corner). The current enters from the same side of the electrically heated glass 100, then flows back and forth through multiple internal serpentine heating wires 50, and finally flows out from the same side. In this way, the power supply and heating circuit W are both concentrated on one side, which facilitates the wiring and connection of the entire vehicle.

[0096] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the embodiments of this application, multiple heating wires 50 may all be located between the outer glass 41 and the inner glass 42. Specifically, the multiple heating wires 50 may be located between the second surface 412 of the outer glass 41 and the intermediate layer 43. The multiple heating wires 50 may be connected to the intermediate layer 43. Alternatively, the multiple heating wires 50 may be located between the third surface 421 of the inner glass 42 and the intermediate layer 43. The multiple heating wires 50 may be connected to the intermediate layer 43.

[0097] The heating wire 50 can be wavy, zigzag, or curved. It has high resistivity, enabling transparent arrangement and uniform heating of the electrically heated glass 100. The heating wire 50 can be a tungsten alloy wire, which offers advantages such as good resistance matching, high structural stability, and low cost. In this case, the diameter of the heating wire 50 can be 19.4 μm. Alternatively, the heating wire 50 can be a nickel-chromium (NiCr) alloy wire, which has high resistivity and strong oxidation resistance, suitable for low to medium power density applications. Alternatively, the heating wire 50 can be a silver-based microfilament, which has excellent conductivity, enabling lower voltage operation and is suitable for high-end vehicles. Alternatively, the heating wire 50 can be carbon nanofibers or indium tin oxide (ITO) conductive film, which enables transparent heating without a metal mesh, improving light transmittance and suitable for high-end vehicles or head-up display areas.

[0098] Multiple heating wires 50 can be electrically connected to the first busbar 20. Multiple heating wires 50 can be partially electrically connected to and partially electrically isolated from the second busbar 30. Specifically, multiple heating wires 50 can be arranged in the same layer as the first busbar 20 and located on the same side of the intermediate layer 43. Multiple heating wires 50 can also be partially arranged in the same layer as the second busbar 30 and located on the same side of the intermediate layer 43. Multiple heating wires 50 can also be arranged in a different layer than the second busbar 30 and located on a different side of the intermediate layer 43. The second busbar 30 arranged in the same layer as the multiple heating wires 50 can be electrically connected to the multiple heating wires 50. The second busbar 30 arranged in a different layer than the multiple heating wires 50 can be electrically isolated from the multiple heating wires 50.

[0099] In the embodiments of this application, multiple heating wires 50 are electrically connected to the first sub-wires 31 of the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30, respectively. One end of any heating wire 50 can be electrically connected to the first busbar 20. The other end of any heating wire 50 can be electrically connected to the first sub-wire 31 of the second busbar 30 and electrically isolated from the second sub-wire 32. Any heating wire 50, the first busbar 20, and the first sub-wire 31 of the second busbar 30 can form a heating circuit W. Multiple heating circuits W can be connected in parallel.

[0100] At this time, the multiple heating wires 50, the multiple first sub-wires 31 of the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 can be located on one side of the intermediate layer 43, and the multiple second sub-wires 32 of the second busbar 30 can be located on the other side of the intermediate layer 43. Specifically, the multiple heating wires 50, the multiple first sub-wires 31 of the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 can all be located between the outer glass 41 and the intermediate layer 43, and the multiple second sub-wires 32 of the second busbar 30 can be located between the inner glass 42 and the intermediate layer 43. Alternatively, the multiple heating wires 50, the multiple first sub-wires 31 of the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 can all be located between the inner glass 42 and the intermediate layer 43, and the multiple second sub-wires 32 of the second busbar 30 can be located between the outer glass 41 and the intermediate layer 43.

[0101] Therefore, in the multiple heating circuits W, the current can start from the first busbar 20, flow through the multiple heating wires 50, and reach the multiple first sub-wires 31 of the second busbar 30. Since the first busbar 20 and the multiple second sub-wires 32 of the second busbar 30 are arranged in different layers and there is a certain distance difference between them, the multiple second sub-wires 32 of the second busbar 30 do not participate in the formation of the heating circuit W, thus achieving electrical isolation between the first busbar 20 and the multiple second sub-wires 32 of the second busbar 30.

[0102] In summary, the advantage of electrically connecting the first busbar 20 to the multiple first sub-wires 31 of the second busbar 30 and electrically isolating it from the multiple second sub-wires 32 of the second busbar 30 is that both the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 are complete busbars, not disconnected structures. Therefore, it can balance the continuity of current in the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30, as well as the ease of processing and manufacturing of the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30.

[0103] In the embodiments of this application, any of the heating zones 10 described above may include a portion of the glass body 40, a portion of the first busbar 20, at least a portion of a first sub-wire 31 of the second busbar 30, and a plurality of heating wires 50. Within the same heating zone 10, any one heating wire, the first busbar 20, and the first sub-wire 31 form a heating circuit W, and multiple heating circuits W are arranged in parallel.

[0104] Therefore, the same heating zone 10 can have multiple heating circuits W connected in parallel. Heating circuits W between different heating zones 10 can also be connected in parallel. In this case, in any heating circuit W of the same heating zone 10, the current can start from the first busbar 20, flow through the heating wire 50 and reach a first sub-wire 31 of the second busbar 30.

[0105] Please continue reading. Figure 2 and Figure 5 Within the same heating zone 10, multiple heating wires 50 can be nested and spaced apart sequentially from the center region to the edge region of the heating zone 10. In two adjacent heating wires 50, the length of the inner heating wire 50 can be less than the length of the outer heating wire 50. Within the same heating zone 10, multiple heating wires 50 can all bend and extend between the first busbar 20 and the same first sub-busbar 31. For example, each heating wire 50 can extend in a U-shape within the heating zone 10.

[0106] It is understandable that by bending and extending a single heating wire 50 within the heating zone 10, the single heating wire 50 can achieve a large coverage area within the limited layout space of the heating zone 10, thus fully ensuring the uniformity and consistency of heating at various locations within the heating zone 10.

[0107] In the embodiments of this application, this wire-embedded heating scheme employs an independent heating wire 50 embedded within the electrically heated glass 100 as a heat source, eliminating the need for complex air duct and pipeline arrangements. Through a modular scheme using the interlacing of the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 and wavy wiring, it can be easily integrated into existing side window glass structures. Its simple structure, small size, light weight, and flexible arrangement help optimize the utilization of interior door space, reduce production and maintenance costs, and improve the integration and design freedom of the entire vehicle system. In other words, this wire-embedded heating scheme possesses excellent modular design capabilities, facilitating standardized and automated production while reducing the complexity of the overall vehicle structural design. It can be deployed independently or integrated with the air conditioning system according to vehicle model requirements, reducing reliance on the air conditioning system.

[0108] Specifically, the power supply can transmit heating current through the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 to multiple heating wires 50. Under the action of the heating current, the multiple heating wires 50 can instantly respond to the heating demand, generate heat, and quickly rise to the target temperature, thus enabling the electrically heated window glass to have functions such as defrosting, defogging, and de-icing. Compared with the traditional solution that relies on air conditioning hot air, there is no need to wait for the engine or heat exchange system to warm up, which greatly improves the visibility and user experience after starting the vehicle in winter, making it particularly suitable for use in cold climates.

[0109] This electric heating system can operate independently on DC power, offering advantages such as low energy consumption, rapid heating response, and precise temperature control. Combined with an intelligent temperature control module, it automatically adjusts output power based on ambient and target temperatures, preventing energy waste and improving heating efficiency. It is particularly suitable for vehicles with stringent energy efficiency requirements, such as electric cars. Furthermore, this electric heating system can be coordinated with air conditioning heating for operation in extreme low-temperature environments, enhancing overall thermal management efficiency.

[0110] Because the electrically heated glass 100 uses multiple heating wires 50 for heating, the use of these miniaturized heating wires 50 as heating elements allows them to be visually inconspicuous due to their small diameter. This ensures that the defrosting and defogging performance of the electrically heated glass 100 is met without affecting its appearance or the driver's visibility. Furthermore, the heating wires 50 use a direct heating method that is purely static, without a fan or mechanical transmission. This eliminates the need for a high-speed fan and prevents any wind noise or resonance during operation, effectively reducing wind noise, improving cabin quietness, and enhancing comfort during nighttime driving and long-distance travel. This meets the higher NVH (noise, vibration, and harshness) performance requirements of high-end vehicles.

[0111] Furthermore, the power and resistance of the heating circuit W satisfy the formulas: P=U² / R and R=ρ×L / S, where P is power, U is voltage, R is resistance, ρ is the resistivity of the material, L is the length of the conductor (i.e., the heating wire 50), and S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor. According to these formulas, the shorter the length L of the heating circuit W, the smaller the resistance R. Therefore, given a constant input voltage U, a smaller resistance R results in a larger power P, and thus better heating performance of the heating circuit W.

[0112] In view of this, in the embodiments of this application, by forming multiple parallel heating circuits W in the electrically heated glass 100, the length of a single heating circuit W due to winding can be avoided, making the length L of a single heating circuit W shorter and the resistance R smaller, thereby improving the heating performance of a single heating circuit W, and thus improving the overall heating performance of the multiple parallel heating circuits W composed of multiple heating wires 50.

[0113] In summary, the electrically heated glass 100 using this wire-embedded design has at least the following advantages: Advantage 1: Reduces reliance on air conditioning systems, saving energy and reducing consumption.

[0114] Advantage 2: Achieves 100% comprehensive and uniform heating effect for electrically heated glass.

[0115] Advantage 3: Quiet operation, significantly reduced wind noise, and optimized driving experience.

[0116] Advantage 4: Fast heating response, improving heating speed and control accuracy.

[0117] Advantage 5: The electric heating system has a high degree of integration and flexibility.

[0118] The electrically heated glass 100 using this wire-reinforced design needs to meet the following control requirements and performance indicators: Visibility requirements: Multiple heating wires 50 must be embedded in the intermediate layer 43 in a transparent and invisible manner, so as not to affect the driver's vision.

[0119] Defrosting performance requirements: At an ambient temperature of -18℃, the simulated frost thickness of the electrically heated glass 100 is 0.044 g / cm². 2 Under the following conditions: A defrosting rate of ≥50% in the auxiliary field of view area Q1 is achieved within 7 minutes, and a defrosting rate of 100% in the auxiliary field of view area Q1 is achieved within 10 minutes.

[0120] In other embodiments, the electrically heated glass 100 may not employ wire-embedded heating; instead, it may use a conductive transparent coating, such as ITO or silver nanowires, to achieve wire-free thermal field distribution through coating. Alternatively, a metal mesh film heating method can be used, embedding a micron-sized metal mesh into the intermediate layer 43 and bonding it to the outer glass 41 or inner glass 42 to achieve high light transmittance and uniform heating. Alternatively, a micro-resistive dot array heating method can be used, which is suitable for precise heating control in localized areas.

[0121] In the embodiments of this application, in order to analyze the distribution of power density in the multi-zone electric heating glass 100 described above, the embodiments of this application also tested various parameters in heating zones 103-116, and the measurement results are recorded in Table 1.

[0122] Table 1: Measurement results in heating zones 103-116

[0123] The test data from heating zones 103-116 show that the power density per unit area in heating zones 103-109 is 6 W / dm². 2 In heating zones 110-116, the power density per unit area is 5 W / dm². 2The power density in heating zones 103-109 will be greater than that in heating zones 110-116. Furthermore, the length deviation of the heating wire 50 will be controlled to ≤5%, and the power deviation will be controlled to ≤10%.

[0124] According to the test data in Table 1, a strict parameter closed loop is maintained between the power density of the heating zone 10 and the wire length, wire diameter, and resistance characteristics of the heating wire 50 to ensure the temperature rise of the electrically heated glass 100 is balanced and to avoid local overheating or overcooling.

[0125] In the embodiments of this application, in order to verify the energized hot spot temperature and defrosting performance of the electrically heated glass 100 described above, it is necessary to test the electrically heated glass 100.

[0126] First, the hot spot temperature of the electrically heated glass 100 will be tested. Two sample electrically heated glass 100s are provided for this test, namely test glass 1 and test glass 2. The test conditions for test glass 1 and test glass 2 must meet the following conditions: Ambient temperature: 20℃ (room temperature); Power-on time: 30 minutes; Operating voltage: 13.5V.

[0127] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a simulation diagram of the test glass 1 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0128] The test data for test glass 1 are as follows: Voltage: 13.5 V; Current: 11.82 A; Total power: 159.6 W; Maximum temperature (hot spot temperature) of auxiliary field of view area Q1: 44.1℃ (e.g., Figure 7 (as shown at point P1).

[0129] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a simulation diagram of the test glass 2 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0130] The test data for test glass 2 are as follows: Voltage: 13.5 V; Current: 11.45 A; Total power: 154.6 W; Maximum temperature (hot spot temperature) of auxiliary field of view area Q1: 42.7℃ (e.g., Figure 8 (as shown at point P1).

[0131] Comparing the test results of test glass 1 and test glass 2, it can be seen that both sample glasses operate within the design power limit (160W) and safe temperature rise limit (50°C). Furthermore, the auxiliary viewing area Q1 shows good heating effect and stable temperature, indicating that the wiring method of heating wire 50 and the interleaving scheme of the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30 are effective. The power difference between the two glasses is less than 3%, which is within the design and manufacturing tolerance range. This test verifies the stability, uniformity, and safety of the wire-inserted heating method of the electrically heated glass 100 under normal temperature conditions.

[0132] Next, the defrosting performance of the electrically heated glass 100 will be verified. The purpose of this test is to verify the defrosting efficiency of the electrically heated glass 100 in a low-temperature environment, especially the defrosting performance of the auxiliary viewing area Q1. At this time, the test conditions for the electrically heated glass 100 must meet the following conditions: Ambient temperature: -18℃; Water spray rate: 0.044g / cm³ 2 (For frosting formation); Voltage: 13.5V; Power-on time: 20 minutes.

[0133] Based on the above conditions, the electrically heated glass 100 was tested, and the defrosting process and results are recorded in Table 2: Table 2: Defrosting performance of test glass 1 and test glass 2.

[0134]

[0135] Based on the test results of the electrically heated glass 100, it can be seen that the wire-embedded heating scheme of the electrically heated glass 100 can complete the defrosting of the entire auxiliary viewing area Q1 within 10 minutes, meeting the requirement of defrosting completion in this area within 10 minutes. Furthermore, the wire-embedded heating scheme can also complete 100% defrosting of the entire window within 15 minutes, verifying the comprehensive effectiveness of the scheme. The power density distribution design (600 W / m²) in the auxiliary viewing area Q1 ensures that this area can be prioritized for rapid defrosting. Overall, the wire-embedded heating scheme has advantages such as fast response, uniform defrosting distribution, safety, and energy saving.

[0136] In the embodiments of this application, heating the electrically heated glass 100 may include at least the following steps: Step 1: When the electric heating system in the electric heating glass 100 detects that the ambient temperature is lower than the set value, it activates multiple heating wires 50.

[0137] Step 2: The power supply supplies power to the first busbar 20 and the second busbar 30, driving the multiple heating circuits W formed by the first busbar 20, the second busbar 30 and multiple heating wires 50 to start.

[0138] Step 3: Implement a zoned heating strategy for multiple heating zones 10, so that the heating zone 10 located in the auxiliary field of view Q1 obtains the first power density, and the heating zone 10 located in the normal area Q2 obtains the second power density.

[0139] Step 4: Collect surface temperature data of the electrically heated glass 100 in real time, and adjust the power-on time and / or current of the electric heating system through the temperature control module.

[0140] Step 4: Achieve a defrost rate of Q150% in the auxiliary field of view area within 7 minutes, and a defrost rate of 100% within 10 minutes.

[0141] Step 5: Once the surface temperature of the electrically heated glass 100 reaches the target or defrosting is complete, stop supplying power to the electric heating system.

[0142] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. An electrically heated glass, characterized in that, The electrically heated glass includes multiple heating zones, which are arranged sequentially and connected in parallel. The electrically heated glass further includes an auxiliary field of vision area and a normal area. The auxiliary field of vision area is used for the driver to observe the exterior rearview mirror. The normal area is connected to the periphery of the auxiliary field of vision area. Among the multiple heating areas, the power density of the heating area located in the auxiliary field of vision area is a first power density, and the power density of at least a portion of the heating areas located in the normal area is a second power density. The first power density is greater than the second power density.

2. The electrically heated glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first power density is 552 W / m 2 -649 W / m 2 The second power density is 460W / m 2 -540W / m 2 .

3. The electrically heated glass as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The multiple heating zones are divided into a first region and a second region. The first region includes a portion of the auxiliary field of view region and the normal region, and the second region includes the remaining portion of the normal region. The power density of the first region is the first power density, and the power density of the second region is the second power density.

4. The electrically heated glass as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The heating zone located in the auxiliary field of view area can be heated preferentially over the heating zone located in the normal area.

5. The electrically heated glass as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Within a first preset time period, the defrosting rate of the auxiliary field of view area can be greater than or equal to 50%, wherein the first preset time is less than or equal to 7 minutes.

6. The electrically heated glass as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Within a second preset time period, the defrosting rate of the auxiliary field of view area can reach 100%, wherein the second preset time is less than or equal to 10 minutes.

7. The electrically heated glass as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The electrically heated glass includes a glass body, a first busbar, a second busbar, and a plurality of heating wires. The first busbar, the second busbar, and the plurality of heating wires are all located within the glass body and connected to the glass body. The first busbar and the second busbar are spaced apart, and the plurality of heating wires are electrically connected to the first busbar and the second busbar respectively. Each of the heating zones includes a portion of the glass body, a portion of the first busbar, a portion of the second busbar, and a plurality of the heating wires.

8. The electrically heated glass as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The glass body includes an outer glass sheet, an inner glass sheet, and an intermediate layer, wherein the outer glass sheet and the inner glass sheet are connected through the intermediate layer; The first busbar is located between the outer glass and the inner glass; The second busbar is located between the outer glass and the inner glass. The second busbar includes a plurality of first sub-wires and a plurality of second sub-wires. The plurality of first sub-wires and the plurality of second sub-wires are located on different sides of the intermediate layer, and the plurality of first sub-wires and the plurality of second sub-wires are electrically connected. The plurality of heating wires are located between the outer glass and the inner glass, and the plurality of heating wires, the first busbar and the plurality of first sub-wires are located on the same side of the intermediate layer. The plurality of heating wires are electrically connected to the first busbar and the plurality of first sub-wires respectively.

9. The electrically heated glass as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Each of the heating zones includes a portion of the glass body, a portion of the first busbar, at least a portion of a first sub-wire, and a plurality of the heating wires; Within the same heating zone, any one of the heating wires, the first busbar, and the first sub-wire forms a heating circuit, and multiple heating circuits are connected in parallel.

10. The electrically heated glass as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The total power of all the heating circuits is less than or equal to 160W.

11. The electrically heated glass as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The operating voltage range of all the heating circuits is 12V to 16V.

12. The electrically heated glass as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The total current of all the heating circuits is less than 15A.

13. The electrically heated glass as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The second busbar also includes a plurality of connecting parts, wherein adjacent first and second sub-buses are electrically connected through one of the connecting parts, and the plurality of connecting parts pass through the intermediate layer.

14. The electrically heated glass as described in claim 13, characterized in that, Multiple first sub-lines, multiple second sub-lines, and multiple connecting parts are integrally arranged.

15. The electrically heated glass as described in claim 8, characterized in that, At least a portion of any of the first sub-lines is located within the intermediate layer, and / or at least a portion of any of the second sub-lines is located within the intermediate layer.

16. The electrically heated glass according to any one of claims 8-15, characterized in that, The first busbar and the second busbar are located on the same side edge of the electrically heated glass, with the first busbar being closer to the edge of the electrically heated glass than the second busbar.

17. The electrically heated glass as described in claim 16, characterized in that, The electrically heated glass includes a lower edge, and both the first busbar and the second busbar are located at the lower edge and are used to be covered by water cutting.

18. The electrically heated glass as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The electrically heated glass is used for side window glass.

19. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a body panel and electrically heated glass as described in any one of claims 1-18, wherein the electrically heated glass is mounted on the body panel.

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