Forging die of mechanical ejection type die forging machine tool for forming aluminum alloy parts and forging method of forging die

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of forging dies, in particular to a mechanical ejection type die forging machine tool forging die for aluminum alloy part forming and a forging method of the mechanical ejection type die forging machine tool forging die. The ejector plate is embedded in the mold cavity, an annular air hole is formed in the ejector plate, and a push plate and a first pump air cylinder are arranged at the side end of the ejector plate; the air pumping mechanism is arranged on the lower die and connected with the first air pumping cylinder, a follow-up conduction mechanism is arranged on the push plate, and the follow-up conduction mechanism can act when the air pumping mechanism pumps air into the first air pumping cylinder and adjust the conduction state of the annular air hole; the second pump air cylinder is fixed to the lower mold, a through groove is formed in the end of the second pump air cylinder, the first pump air cylinder is provided with a pressure relief flow dividing mechanism, the second pump air cylinder is provided with a trigger air supply mechanism, and conduction of the second pump air cylinder can be controlled according to the demolding state through air pressure changes in the first pump air cylinder; therefore, the effect that the bottom and the side wall of an auxiliary product are ejected out through gas ejection is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of forging die technology, specifically to a mechanical ejection type forging die for aluminum alloy parts and its forging method. Background Technology

[0002] Die forging of aluminum alloy parts is a precision forging process that uses a die to plastically deform a metal billet under high temperature and pressure to obtain the desired shape, size, and microstructure. Parts produced by this process have the characteristics of continuous streamlines, dense microstructure, and excellent mechanical properties, and are widely used in key fields such as aerospace, automotive, and rail transportation.

[0003] Forging dies are the core equipment in the die forging process. They are usually composed of an upper die and a lower die. The shape of the die cavity determines the geometric characteristics of the final product. During the die forging process, the high-temperature softened aluminum alloy billet fills the die cavity under huge die closing pressure and forms a tight or even adhesive contact with the die cavity surface.

[0004] When the molding process is complete and the upper mold is lifted, the product is usually stuck in the cavity of the lower mold due to cooling shrinkage and surface adhesion. At this time, it needs to be ejected from the lower mold. Existing technology mainly relies on mechanical ejector rods or ejector plates for ejecting forgings. The working method is to set an ejector rod or ejector plate driven by a hydraulic cylinder or air cylinder in the lower mold, which acts directly on the bottom surface of the product after the mold is opened, and forces the product out of the mold cavity through rigid thrust.

[0005] However, the product is subjected to high pressure and high temperature during the molding process, which makes it easy to stick to the mold cavity. Furthermore, the local vacuum that may be formed at the bottom of the closed mold cavity after the product cools and shrinks will also affect the ejection. If mechanical ejection is carried out directly, the product will inevitably suffer from the dual pulling effect of adhesion and adsorption, which will lead to plastic deformation, surface scratches or even cracks in the product during the ejection process. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mechanical ejector forging die for aluminum alloy parts and a forging method thereof, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A mechanical ejector forging die for forming aluminum alloy parts includes:

[0009] The lower mold and the upper mold that mates with the lower mold, with a mold cavity formed inside the lower mold;

[0010] Also includes:

[0011] The ejector plate is fitted into the mold cavity, and an annular air hole is formed on the ejector plate. A push plate and a first pump cylinder are provided on the side end of the ejector plate.

[0012] A pumping mechanism is provided on the lower mold and connected to the first pumping cylinder. A follow-up conduction mechanism is provided on the push plate. The follow-up conduction mechanism can operate when the pumping mechanism pumps air into the first pumping cylinder and adjust the conduction state of the annular air hole.

[0013] The second pump cylinder is fixed on the lower mold. A through groove is formed at the end of the second pump cylinder. A pressure relief and diversion mechanism is provided on the first pump cylinder. A trigger gas sending mechanism is provided on the second pump cylinder. The trigger gas sending mechanism can be activated when the pressure relief and diversion mechanism relieves pressure on the first pump cylinder and adjusts the conduction state of the through groove.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: the air pumping mechanism includes a piston cylinder fixed to the bottom of the lower mold, a second cylinder is provided at the bottom of the piston cylinder, and a piston disc is provided at the telescopic end of the second cylinder in a sliding and sealed connection with the piston disc.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the outer circumference of the piston cylinder is connected to a first conduit, a second conduit, and an intake pipe, the first conduit and the second conduit are interconnected, the push plate is provided with a transfer pipe connected to the first conduit, and the transfer pipe is connected to a delivery pipe connected to the first pump cylinder.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the follow-up conduction mechanism includes a sealing ring that slides and fits into the annular air hole and abuts against the top plate, the end of the sealing ring is provided with a push rod that passes through the first pump cylinder, the push rod is provided with a limit post, and the transfer pipe is provided with a pushing assembly connected to the limit post.

[0017] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the pushing assembly includes a relief plate that is slidably and sealingly connected to the transfer tube, the relief plate being provided with a first movable rod that penetrates the transfer tube, the end of the first movable rod being provided with a movable plate, the movable plate being formed with an inclined groove that slidably engages with the limiting post, the movable plate being provided with a second movable rod that penetrates the push plate, the second movable rod being sleeved with a first spring, the two ends of the first spring being respectively abutting against the push plate and the movable plate.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the pressure relief and diversion mechanism includes a pressure dividing pipe connected to the side wall of the first pump cylinder and communicating with the second pump cylinder, and a first conical ring and a fixing plate are provided inside the pressure dividing pipe.

[0019] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the pressure relief and diversion mechanism further includes a support rod slidably mounted on the fixed plate, the end of the support rod is provided with a second conical ring that abuts against the first conical ring, and a second spring is sleeved on the support rod, the two ends of the second spring abutting against the fixed plate and the second conical ring respectively.

[0020] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the trigger gas-generating mechanism includes a fixed rod fixed inside the second pump cylinder, a sliding sleeve slidably attached to the fixed rod, a sealing disc provided at the end of the sliding sleeve and slidably sealed to the second pump cylinder, and a third spring sleeved on the fixed rod, the two ends of the third spring abutting against the sealing disc and the inner wall of the second pump cylinder respectively.

[0021] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the trigger gas-generating mechanism further includes a movable ring fixed at the other end of the sliding sleeve, and the end of the movable ring is provided with a sealing block that is sealed and fitted into the through groove.

[0022] A mechanical ejection die forging method for forming aluminum alloy parts includes the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: The product is forged by the cooperation of the upper and lower dies, and gas is pumped into the first pump cylinder by the pumping mechanism. At the same time, under the action of the pumping mechanism, the follow-up conduction mechanism is controlled to move, so that the annular air hole is open.

[0024] Step 2: Gas will enter the gap between the mold cavity and the product through the annular air hole and push the product upward;

[0025] Step 3: If the gas cannot be discharged, the gas pressure in the first pump cylinder increases, which drives the pressure relief and diversion mechanism to move, thereby delivering the gas to the second pump cylinder;

[0026] Step 4: The pressure inside the second pump cylinder increases, and the trigger gas-emitting mechanism is controlled to move, so that the channel is opened to blow gas out from the side wall of the mold cavity.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] Before the mechanical ejection action, the product is pre-treated by air supply to effectively eliminate vacuum suction force and loosen the product in advance. Before rigid ejection, the air pumping mechanism can pump air into the first pump cylinder, and under the action of air pressure, drive the follow-up conduction mechanism to move, thereby controlling the automatic conduction of the annular air hole. The gas enters the gap between the bottom surface of the product and the bottom of the mold cavity through the annular air hole and fills the vacuum area that may be formed, eliminating the vacuum suction force caused by the cooling and shrinkage of the product. At the same time, the continuous airflow establishes a uniformly distributed pressure field in the gap, thereby providing the product with an upward pushing force.

[0029] By coordinating the pressure relief and diversion mechanism with the trigger-activated gas delivery mechanism, automatic triggering and pressure safety control are achieved from the bottom air top to the lateral auxiliary system. When the bottom surface of the product is severely adhered and the bottom air venting cannot loosen it, causing the pressure in the first pump cylinder to rise to a set threshold, the pressure relief and diversion mechanism automatically activates. High-pressure gas pushes open the second conical ring and is diverted to the second pump cylinder through the pressure dividing pipe. The pressure in the second pump cylinder increases, driving the trigger-activated gas delivery mechanism to open the through slot. Gas is then injected from the mold cavity sidewall into the lateral gap between the product and the mold cavity. The lateral airflow can more effectively peel off the adhesion from the product's sidewall.

[0030] If lateral injection is still blocked, the air pressure in the second pump cylinder continues to rise to the second threshold. The sealing disc will move to the position where the pressure relief pipe is connected, automatically releasing the overpressure gas. This sets an absolute pressure limit for the entire pneumatic auxiliary system, ensuring that the gas pressure acting on the product surface will not exceed the preset safety value under any extreme adhesion conditions. This eliminates the risk of product swelling, deformation, or mold damage due to uncontrolled air pressure, making the pneumatic assisted demolding process provide effective ejection force while possessing a safe self-protection characteristic. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a forging die for a mechanical ejector forging machine tool used for forming aluminum alloy parts.

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a forging die for a mechanical ejector forging machine tool used for forming aluminum alloy parts, showing another angle of Y.

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the parting state of a forging die for a mechanical ejector forging machine tool used for forming aluminum alloy parts, in one embodiment.

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between a portion of the air pumping mechanism, a portion of the follow-up conduction mechanism, and a portion of the pressure relief and diversion mechanism in one embodiment of a mechanical ejection die for forming aluminum alloy parts.

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Another structural diagram from another angle.

[0036] Figure 6 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the forging die of a mechanical ejector forging machine tool for forming aluminum alloy parts, comprising a transfer pipe, a piston cylinder, a first pump cylinder, and a second pump cylinder, in one embodiment.

[0037] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0038] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of part of the air pumping mechanism and part of the follow-up conduction mechanism in one embodiment of the forging die of a mechanical ejector forging machine tool for forming aluminum alloy parts.

[0039] Figure 9 An exploded view of the follower conduction mechanism in one embodiment of a forging die for a mechanical ejector forging machine tool used for forming aluminum alloy parts.

[0040] Figure 10 An exploded view of the gas-generating mechanism in one embodiment of a forging die for a mechanical ejector forging machine tool used for forming aluminum alloy parts.

[0041] In the diagram: 1. Lower mold; 101. Guide hole; 102. Mold cavity; 2. Upper mold; 201. Guide post; 202. Mold core; 3. Ejector plate; 301. Annular air hole; 4. Push plate; 5. First cylinder; 6. First pump cylinder; 7. Sealing ring; 8. Push rod; 9. Limiting post; 10. Transfer pipe; 11. Relief plate; 12. First movable rod; 13. Movable plate; 1301. Inclined groove; 14. Second movable rod; 15. First spring; 16. Piston cylinder; 1601. First... 1602. Second conduit; 17. Second cylinder; 18. Piston disc; 19. Suction pipe; 20. Delivery pipe; 21. Pressure dividing pipe; 2101. First conical ring; 2102. Fixing plate; 22. Support rod; 23. Second conical ring; 24. Second spring; 25. Second pump cylinder; 2501. Through groove; 2502. Pressure relief pipe; 26. Fixing rod; 27. Sliding sleeve; 28. Sealing disc; 29. ​​Third spring; 30. Movable ring; 3001. Sealing block. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Furthermore, elements in this invention are referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, which may be directly on the other element or may also include an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or may also include an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementations.

[0044] Please see Figures 1-10 In this embodiment of the invention, a mechanical ejection type forging die for forming aluminum alloy parts includes:

[0045] The lower mold 1 and the upper mold 2 that cooperate with the lower mold 1, wherein a mold cavity 102 is formed inside the lower mold 1;

[0046] Also includes:

[0047] The ejector plate 3 is fitted into the mold cavity 102. An annular air hole 301 is formed on the ejector plate 3. A push plate 4 and a first pump cylinder 6 are provided on the side of the ejector plate 3.

[0048] The air pumping mechanism is set on the lower mold 1 and connected to the first air pumping cylinder 6. The push plate 4 is provided with a follow-up conduction mechanism. The follow-up conduction mechanism can operate when the air pumping mechanism pumps air into the first air pumping cylinder 6 and adjust the conduction state of the annular air hole 301.

[0049] The second pump cylinder 25 is fixed on the lower mold 1. A through groove 2501 is formed at the end of the second pump cylinder 25. A pressure relief and diversion mechanism is provided on the first pump cylinder 6. A trigger gas sending mechanism is provided on the second pump cylinder 25. The trigger gas sending mechanism can operate when the pressure relief and diversion mechanism relieves pressure on the first pump cylinder 6 and adjusts the conduction state of the through groove 2501.

[0050] Specifically, the lower mold 1 has a guide hole 101, and the upper mold 2 has a guide post 201 and a mold core 202. The guide post 201 can be inserted into the guide hole 101, and the mold core 202 cooperates with the mold cavity 102. During the die forging process of aluminum alloy parts, the aluminum alloy raw material can be heated to a specified temperature and then placed into the mold cavity 102. At the same time, the upper mold 2 and the lower mold 1 are controlled to close. Under the action of the closing pressure, the raw material is forged into a specified shape. After the die forging is completed, the upper mold 2 and the lower mold 1 are controlled to separate, and the product is ejected. During the forming process, due to the influence of high temperature and high pressure, the product is prone to sticking to the mold. When the mold is closed, the gas in the mold cavity 102 is discharged. After the forming is completed, the product cools and shrinks. If the product is tightly attached to the mold cavity 102 of the lower mold 1, a local vacuum will be formed at the interface. Therefore, during the ejection process, the product can be... The air pumping mechanism first pumps air into the first pump cylinder 6, and controls the annular air hole 301 to open through the follow-up conduction mechanism. At this time, the gas in the first pump cylinder 6 will enter the tiny gap between the product and the mold cavity 102 through the annular air hole 301, eliminating the negative pressure effect of the vacuum product. At the same time, it provides a certain pushing force to the product. Since the bottom of the product is under the greatest pressure and is the part most prone to product adhesion, if the gas cannot be discharged due to product adhesion, the air pressure in the first pump cylinder 6 will increase, and the pressure relief and diversion mechanism will be controlled to move, so that the gas enters the second pump cylinder 25 through the pressure relief and diversion mechanism. The air pressure in the second pump cylinder 25 will increase, and drive the triggering air sending mechanism to move, so that the through groove 2501 will be opened, thereby delivering gas from the side between the product and the mold cavity 102, so that the product receives a lateral pushing force to help the product smoothly detach from the mold cavity 102.

[0051] Please see Figures 4-6 The pumping mechanism includes a piston cylinder 16 fixed to the bottom of the lower mold 1. A second cylinder 17 is provided at the bottom of the piston cylinder 16. The telescopic end of the second cylinder 17 is provided with a piston disc 18 that is slidably and sealingly connected to the piston cylinder 16. A first conduit 1601, a second conduit 1602, and a suction pipe 19 are connected to the outer circumference of the piston cylinder 16. The first conduit 1601 and the second conduit 1602 are connected to each other. A transfer pipe 10 connected to the first conduit 1601 is provided on the push plate 4. A delivery pipe 20 connected to the first pumping cylinder 6 is connected to the transfer pipe 10.

[0052] Please see Figures 4-6 , Figure 8 , Figure 9The follow-up guiding mechanism includes a sealing ring 7 that slides within the annular air hole 301 and abuts against the ejector plate 3. The end of the sealing ring 7 is provided with a push rod 8 that penetrates the first pump cylinder 6. A limit post 9 is provided on the push rod 8. A pushing assembly connected to the limit post 9 is provided on the transfer pipe 10. The pushing assembly includes a relief plate 11 that slides and seals on the transfer pipe 10. A first movable rod 12 that penetrates the transfer pipe 10 is provided on the relief plate 11. A movable plate 13 is provided at the end of the first movable rod 12. An inclined groove 1301 that slides with the limit post 9 is formed on the movable plate 13. A second movable rod 14 that penetrates the push plate 4 is provided on the movable plate 13. A first spring 15 is sleeved on the second movable rod 14. The two ends of the first spring 15 abut against the push plate 4 and the movable plate 13, respectively.

[0053] In detail, the lower mold 1 is equipped with a first cylinder 5, the telescopic end of the first cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the push plate 4, the yielding plate 11 divides the transfer pipe 10 into two chambers, namely the yielding chamber and the transfer chamber. The transfer chamber is connected to the first conduit 1601, and the yielding chamber is connected to the external environment. The piston plate 18 also divides the piston cylinder 16 into two chambers, and both chambers are pumping chambers. The first conduit 1601 and the second conduit 1602 are respectively connected to the two pumping chambers. A one-way valve is installed on the piston cylinder 16. The one-way valve is connected to the first conduit 1601, the second conduit 1602, and the suction pipe 19. Under the action of the one-way valve, the gas can only enter the piston cylinder 16 through the suction pipe 19 and be discharged through the first conduit 1601 and the second conduit 1602.

[0054] Please see Figure 6 In the initial state, under the action of the second cylinder 17, the piston disc 18 is located at the end of its stroke near the mold cavity 102. Under the action of the first cylinder 5, the ejector plate 3 is controlled by the push plate 4 to be located inside the mold cavity 102 and at the same level as the bottom of the mold cavity 102. At this time, the movable plate 13 is located at the end of its stroke near the transfer tube 10, that is, the distance between the end of the movable plate 13 near the second movable rod 14 and the push plate 4 is the largest. The extension of the first spring 15 in its natural state is greater than the maximum distance between the movable plate 13 and the push plate 4. Therefore, the first spring 15 is in a pre-compressed state and always provides the movable plate 13 with a thrust towards the direction of the transfer tube 10. The movable plate 13 will also control the relief disc 11 to be located at the end of its stroke near the transfer tube 10 away from the movable plate 13 through the first movable rod 12, so that the volume of the transfer chamber is the smallest and it is separated from the conveying tube 20, and the volume of the relief chamber is the largest.

[0055] The limiting post 9 is located at the end of the stroke of the inclined groove 1301 near the second movable rod 14. Under the action of the limiting post 9 and the inclined groove 1301, the sealing ring 7 is inserted into the annular air hole 301 by the push rod 8 and the annular air hole 301 is blocked. In this state, the end of the sealing ring 7 is on the same plane as the ejector plate 3, and after being combined with the ejector plate 3, a flat plane is formed to ensure that it will not affect the product forging.

[0056] When it is necessary to eject the molded product, in order to avoid adhesion and the influence of negative pressure, air needs to be introduced between the product and the mold cavity 102. At this time, the second cylinder 17 works and pushes the piston disc 18 to move away from the mold cavity 102, so that the volume of the pumping chamber connected to the first conduit 1601 is reduced, and the gas will enter the transfer chamber through the first conduit 1601.

[0057] The gas entering the transfer chamber exerts pressure on the end face of the relief plate 11, creating an axial thrust that pushes the relief plate 11 toward the movable plate 13. This thrust overcomes the initial preload of the first spring 15, pushing the relief plate 11 to slide along the inner wall of the transfer pipe 10. The movement of the relief plate 11 directly increases the volume of the transfer chamber, providing space for continuous air intake and preventing the pressure in the pipeline from becoming too high instantaneously. On the other hand, the relief plate 11 drives the movable plate 13 to move synchronously away from the transfer pipe 10 via the first movable rod 12 fixed to it.

[0058] The movable plate 13 drives the inclined groove 1301 to move. Under the action of the inclined groove 1301 and the limiting post 9, the horizontal movement of the movable plate 13 is converted into the vertical movement of the push rod 8, and the movement direction is away from the ejector plate 3. The push rod 8 drives the sealing ring 7 to move, so that the sealing ring 7 gradually disengages from the annular air hole 301 from the initial state of being completely embedded in the annular air hole 301, so that the annular air hole 301 is connected to the first pump cylinder 6. The movable plate 13 will also drive the second movable rod 14 to move, and further compress the first spring 15.

[0059] When the edge of the transfer plate 11 moves past the interface on the side wall of the transfer pipe 10 connected to the delivery pipe 20 under the pressure of gas, the transfer chamber and the delivery pipe 20 are fully connected. At this time, the gas in the transfer pipe 10 will enter the first pump cylinder 6 through the delivery pipe 20 and enter the gap between the bottom surface of the product and the bottom of the mold cavity 102 through the annular air hole 301. The gas entering the gap quickly fills the local vacuum that may be formed due to the cooling and shrinkage of the product, eliminating the product demolding resistance caused by negative pressure. At the same time, the continuous airflow forms a certain pressure in the gap. This pressure acts evenly on the bottom surface of the product, providing an upward and flexible air pressure pushing force. This pneumatic pushing method is pre-acted before the mechanical ejection action begins, which can break the static friction force generated between the product and the mold surface due to material adhesion or tight bonding, thereby creating favorable conditions for the rigid ejection of the ejector plate 3. It effectively reduces the instantaneous mechanical force required for ejection and reduces the risk of product deformation or surface scratches caused by forced ejection.

[0060] When the gas assistance is completed, the first cylinder 5 works and drives the ejector plate 3 to move through the push plate 4, thereby ejecting the product from the mold cavity 102.

[0061] Please see Figures 4-7 , Figure 10 The pressure relief and diversion mechanism includes a pressure-dividing pipe 21 connected to the side wall of the first pump cylinder 6 and communicating with the second pump cylinder 25. A first conical ring 2101 and a fixing plate 2102 are provided inside the pressure-dividing pipe 21. The pressure relief and diversion mechanism also includes a support rod 22 slidably mounted on the fixing plate 2102. A second conical ring 23 is provided at the end of the support rod 22, which abuts against the first conical ring 2101. A second spring 24 is sleeved on the support rod 22. The two ends of the second spring 24 abut against the fixing plate 2102 and the second conical ring 23, respectively.

[0062] Please see Figures 4-7 , Figure 10 The trigger-induced gas-generating mechanism includes a fixed rod 26 fixed inside the second pump cylinder 25. A sliding sleeve 27 is slidably attached to the fixed rod 26. A sealing disc 28 is provided at the end of the sliding sleeve 27 and is slidably and sealingly connected to the second pump cylinder 25. A third spring 29 is sleeved on the fixed rod 26. The two ends of the third spring 29 abut against the sealing disc 28 and the inner wall of the second pump cylinder 25, respectively. The trigger-induced gas-generating mechanism also includes a movable ring 30 fixed at the other end of the sliding sleeve 27. A sealing block 3001 is provided at the end of the movable ring 30 and is sealingly fitted with the through groove 2501.

[0063] Please see Figure 6Furthermore, the sealing disc 28 divides the second pump cylinder 25 into two chambers: a pressure relief chamber and a discharge chamber. The pressure relief chamber is connected to the outside air, and the discharge chamber is connected to the pressure dividing pipe 21 and the through groove 2501. The second pump cylinder 25 is also equipped with a pressure relief pipe 2502 located on one side of the pressure relief chamber. In the initial state, the second conical ring 23 and the first conical ring 2101 are in a sealed fit, that is, the distance between the second conical ring 23 and the fixed plate 2102 is the largest, while the second spring 24 is in its natural state of extension. The amount is greater than the maximum distance between the second conical ring 23 and the fixed plate 2102. Therefore, the second spring 24 is in a pre-compressed state and always provides the second conical ring 23 with a thrust toward the direction of the first conical ring 2101. In this state, the elastic potential energy of the second spring 24 is greater than the elastic potential energy of the first spring 15 when the delivery pipe 20 is connected to the transfer chamber. Therefore, when the air pressure in the first pump cylinder 6 is within the set value range, the pressure dividing pipe 21 can be blocked through the second conical ring 23 and the first conical ring 2101.

[0064] The sealing disc 28 is located at the end of the stroke of the second pump cylinder 25 near the through groove 2501, that is, the distance between the sealing disc 28 and the inner wall of the second pump cylinder 25 away from the through groove 2501 is the largest. The extension of the third spring 29 in its natural state is greater than the maximum distance between the sealing disc 28 and the inner wall of the second pump cylinder 25. Therefore, the third spring 29 is in a pre-compressed state and always provides the sealing disc 28 with a thrust towards the side near the through groove 2501. The sealing disc 28 will control the movable ring 30 to abut against the inner wall of the side end of the second pump cylinder 25 through the sliding sleeve 27, so that the sealing block 3001 is completely fitted into the through groove 2501, and the sealing block 3001 and the side wall of the mold cavity 102 combine to form a flat side.

[0065] When gas enters the gap between the bottom surface of the product and the bottom of the mold cavity 102 through the annular air hole 301, if the product and the mold cavity 102 are severely adhered, the gas cannot be discharged. In order to avoid the gas accumulation and the product being deformed due to excessive air pressure pushing force, it is necessary to keep the pressure inside the first pump cylinder 6 within a safe range. Therefore, when the pressure inside the first pump cylinder 6 reaches the set value, the air pressure force will act on the second conical ring 23 and overcome the resistance of the second spring 24, so that the second conical ring 23 separates from the first conical ring 2101. At this time, the gas will enter the second pump cylinder 25 through the pressure dividing pipe 21.

[0066] Since the through groove 2501 is still tightly sealed by the sealing block 3001 at the end of the movable ring 30, the gas that rushes in cannot be discharged immediately, causing the pressure in the discharge chamber to rise rapidly. The increased gas pressure acts on the end face of the sealing disc 28, forming an axial thrust that pushes the sealing disc 28 to overcome the preload of the third spring 29 and move away from the through groove 2501. The movement of the sealing disc 28 compresses the third spring 29 on the one hand, and drives the movable ring 30 to move synchronously through the sliding sleeve 27 on the other hand. The movement of the movable ring 30 causes the sealing block 3001 at its end to gradually withdraw from the tight fit with the through groove 2501.

[0067] When the sealing block 3001 is completely disengaged from the through groove 2501, the discharge chamber of the second pump cylinder 25 and the side wall space of the mold cavity 102 are completely connected through the through groove 2501. The gas in the discharge chamber will enter the gap between the product side wall and the mold cavity 102 through the through groove 2501. The injection of lateral airflow can provide a uniform, peeling-direction thrust from the circumference of the product. This helps to further break the adhesion and static friction between the product side wall and the mold cavity 102 caused by material rheological filling or cooling shrinkage. It can also effectively prevent scratches, tears or deformations caused by uneven force at a single point or local adhesion during the ejection process.

[0068] If the product sidewalls also have severe adhesion, preventing the gas ejected from the through groove 2501 from being discharged smoothly, it indicates a problem with the pressure or other parameters during forging. The pressure in the discharge chamber of the second pump cylinder 25 will continue to rise. At this time, the air pressure will continue to push the sealing disc 28 away from the through groove 2501. When the edge of the sealing disc 28 moves past the preset pressure relief pipe 2502 interface on the cylinder body of the second pump cylinder 25 under the drive of air pressure, the discharge chamber and the pressure relief pipe 2502 are instantly connected. The accumulated high-pressure gas can be safely discharged into the atmosphere through the pressure relief pipe 2502. In this way, it can be ensured that the gas pressure acting on the product surface will not exceed the preset safety value under any extreme adhesion conditions, thereby eliminating the risk of product swelling, deformation, or mold damage due to air pressure runaway. This makes the pneumatically assisted demolding process provide effective ejection force while having a safe self-protection characteristic.

[0069] A mechanical ejection die forging method for forming aluminum alloy parts includes the following steps:

[0070] Step 1: The product is forged by the cooperation of the upper mold 2 and the lower mold 1, and gas is pumped into the first pump cylinder 6 by the pumping mechanism. At the same time, under the action of the pumping mechanism, the follow-up conduction mechanism is controlled to move, so that the annular air hole 301 is open.

[0071] Step 2: Gas will enter the gap between the mold cavity 102 and the product through the annular air hole 301, and push the product.

[0072] Step 3: If the gas cannot be discharged, the gas pressure in the first pump cylinder 6 increases, which drives the pressure relief and diversion mechanism to move, thereby delivering the gas to the second pump cylinder 25.

[0073] Step 4: The pressure inside the second pump cylinder 25 increases, and the trigger gas sending mechanism is controlled to move, so that the through groove 2501 is opened to blow gas out from the side wall of the mold cavity 102.

[0074] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0075] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A forging die for a mechanical ejector forging machine for forming aluminum alloy parts, comprising: The lower mold and the upper mold that mates with the lower mold, with a mold cavity formed inside the lower mold; Its characteristic is that it further includes: The ejector plate is fitted into the mold cavity, and an annular air hole is formed on the ejector plate. A push plate and a first pump cylinder are provided on the side end of the ejector plate. A pumping mechanism is provided on the lower mold and connected to the first pumping cylinder. A follow-up conduction mechanism is provided on the push plate. The follow-up conduction mechanism can operate when the pumping mechanism pumps air into the first pumping cylinder and adjust the conduction state of the annular air hole. The second pump cylinder is fixed on the lower mold. A through groove is formed at the end of the second pump cylinder. A pressure relief and diversion mechanism is provided on the first pump cylinder. A trigger gas sending mechanism is provided on the second pump cylinder. The trigger gas sending mechanism can be activated when the pressure relief and diversion mechanism relieves pressure on the first pump cylinder and adjusts the conduction state of the through groove.

2. The forging die for a mechanical ejection type forging machine tool for forming aluminum alloy parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air pumping mechanism includes a piston cylinder fixed to the bottom of the lower mold, and a second cylinder is provided at the bottom of the piston cylinder. The telescopic end of the second cylinder is provided with a piston disc that is slidably and sealingly connected to the piston disc.

3. The forging die for a mechanical ejection type forging machine tool for forming aluminum alloy parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The piston cylinder has a first conduit, a second conduit, and an intake pipe connected to its outer circumference. The first conduit and the second conduit are interconnected. The push plate is provided with a transfer pipe connected to the first conduit, and the transfer pipe is connected to a delivery pipe connected to the first pump cylinder.

4. The forging die for a mechanical ejector forging machine tool for forming aluminum alloy parts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The follow-up guiding mechanism includes a sealing ring that slides and fits into the annular air hole and abuts against the top plate. The end of the sealing ring is provided with a push rod that passes through the first pump cylinder. A limit post is provided on the push rod, and a pushing assembly connected to the limit post is provided on the transfer pipe.

5. The forging die for a mechanical ejection type forging machine tool for forming aluminum alloy parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pushing assembly includes a relief plate that is slidably and sealingly connected to the transfer tube. The relief plate is provided with a first movable rod that penetrates the transfer tube. A movable plate is provided at the end of the first movable rod. An inclined groove is formed on the movable plate that slides and engages with the limiting post. A second movable rod is provided on the movable plate that penetrates the push plate. A first spring is sleeved on the second movable rod. The two ends of the first spring abut against the push plate and the movable plate, respectively.

6. The forging die for a mechanical ejection type forging machine tool for forming aluminum alloy parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure relief and diversion mechanism includes a pressure dividing pipe connected to the side wall of the first pump cylinder and communicating with the second pump cylinder. The pressure dividing pipe is provided with a first conical ring and a fixing plate.

7. The forging die for a mechanical ejector forging machine tool for forming aluminum alloy parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pressure relief and diversion mechanism further includes a support rod slidably mounted on the fixed plate. The end of the support rod is provided with a second conical ring that abuts against the first conical ring. A second spring is sleeved on the support rod, and the two ends of the second spring abut against the fixed plate and the second conical ring, respectively.

8. The forging die for a mechanical ejector forging machine tool for forming aluminum alloy parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The triggering gas-generating mechanism includes a fixed rod fixed inside the second pump cylinder. The fixed rod has a sliding sleeve that slides axially. The end of the sliding sleeve is provided with a sealing disc that is slidably and sealingly connected to the second pump cylinder. A third spring is sleeved on the fixed rod, and the two ends of the third spring abut against the sealing disc and the inner wall of the second pump cylinder, respectively.

9. A mechanical ejection type forging die for forming aluminum alloy parts according to claim 8, characterized in that, The gas-generating mechanism further includes a movable ring fixed at the other end of the sliding sleeve, and the end of the movable ring is provided with a sealing block that seals and fits into the through groove.

10. A forging method for forming aluminum alloy parts using a mechanical ejection die forging machine, comprising using a forging die for forming aluminum alloy parts as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: The product is forged by the cooperation of the upper and lower dies, and gas is pumped into the first pump cylinder by the pumping mechanism. At the same time, under the action of the pumping mechanism, the follow-up conduction mechanism is controlled to move, so that the annular air hole is open. Step 2: Gas will enter the gap between the mold cavity and the product through the annular air hole and push the product. Step 3: If the gas cannot be discharged, the gas pressure in the first pump cylinder increases, which drives the pressure relief and diversion mechanism to move, thereby delivering the gas to the second pump cylinder; Step 4: The pressure inside the second pump cylinder increases, and the trigger gas-emitting mechanism is controlled to move, so that the channel is opened to blow gas out from the side wall of the mold cavity.

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