Shaft large end face floating positioning gear grinding clamp

Abstract

The shaft large end face floating positioning gear grinding clamp comprises a chuck base, a lower center mechanism used for positioning a workpiece is installed at the bottom of the chuck base, an upper center mechanism capable of being matched with the lower center mechanism to press or loosen the workpiece after axially moving is installed above the chuck base, and a clamping structure for clamping the workpiece is installed in the chuck base. A floating type workpiece lower end face supporting mechanism is installed on the periphery of the upper end of the chuck base and comprises a plurality of supporting columns, the supporting columns are evenly distributed on the periphery of the chuck base in a surrounding mode, and floating media are arranged between the chuck base and the bottoms of the supporting columns. The method is simple and convenient to operate; the labor intensity is reduced; the rigidity of the tool is enhanced; the gear grinding efficiency of the product is improved by more than 30% compared with the original end face positioning; the positioning end face of the workpiece is not machined, one lathe and one operator are reduced, the occupied area is small, and the total cost is reduced by more than 20%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tooling and fixture technology, specifically relating to a floating positioning gear grinding fixture for the large end face of shafts. Background Technology

[0002] Currently used in gear grinding fixtures for shaft parts, there are four main types in practical applications: center hole centering friction drive, center hole centering end face drive, external diameter oil tensioning, and center hole centering chuck clamping the external diameter. Details are as follows: 1. Center hole centering friction drive: This is a machining method generally used when there is no suitable clamping position on the outer diameter of the workpiece during gear grinding. It usually has insufficient rigidity and very low efficiency.

[0003] 2. Center hole centering end face drive: This is generally used when there is no suitable clamping position for the outer diameter of the workpiece during gear grinding, and the end face does not affect the machining quality. Usually, the rigidity is insufficient during machining, and the efficiency is very low.

[0004] 3. External diameter oil tensioning: This is a machining method generally used when the workpiece requires high machining accuracy. The tooling tension is only about 0.03mm, which makes it inconvenient to load and unload the workpiece and makes it difficult to achieve automated loading and processing.

[0005] 4. Centering chuck clamping the outer circle: This is a machining method that does not interfere with the workpiece during grinding. The machine tool cylinder pulls the chuck down to clamp the outer circle of the workpiece. This is the most commonly used machining method.

[0006] Based on the above four types of gear grinding tooling, the reasons for the low efficiency and high cost of shaft gear grinding are: high labor intensity; inconvenient operation; insufficient tooling rigidity; product structure limitations; and the need to process the workpiece positioning end face. These current conditions can no longer meet the needs of a highly competitive market and rapid development. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a floating positioning grinding fixture for the large end face of shafts, which reduces labor intensity, strengthens tooling rigidity, improves processing efficiency, and reduces costs.

[0008] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: A floating positioning gear grinding fixture for large end faces of shafts includes a chuck, a lower center mechanism for positioning the workpiece is mounted at the bottom of the chuck, an upper center mechanism that can move axially and cooperate with the lower center mechanism to clamp or release the workpiece is mounted above the chuck, and a clamping structure for holding the workpiece is installed inside the chuck; a floating workpiece lower end face support mechanism is mounted on the upper periphery of the chuck, the workpiece lower end face support mechanism includes a plurality of support columns, the support columns are evenly distributed around the periphery of the chuck, and a floating medium is provided between the bottom of the chuck and the support columns.

[0009] Furthermore, the chuck seat is provided with a groove for accommodating the floating medium.

[0010] Furthermore, a circular ring is sealed around the chuck seat, and a first circular ring hole for installing a support column is provided on the circular ring. The bottom of the first circular ring hole is connected to the groove, and the support column is positioned in the first circular ring hole by a pressure plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the annular sleeve is provided with a piston rod for adjusting the magnitude of the floating support force of the floating medium.

[0012] Furthermore, the annular sleeve is provided with a second annular sleeve hole for mounting the piston rod, and the bottom of the second annular sleeve hole is connected to the groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the piston rod is installed in the second annular sleeve hole by a set screw, and the floating support force of the floating medium is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the bottom of the piston rod and the groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the support column, piston column, and the wall surface of the annular sleeve are all sealed.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper center mechanism includes an upper center, an upper pressure cover is installed around the upper center, an adjusting force shim is provided between the upper end face of the upper pressure cover and the upper center, a rectangular compression spring is provided between the adjusting force shim and the upper pressure cover, and the upper pressure cover and the side of the upper center are connected by a limiting screw.

[0016] Furthermore, the lower center mechanism includes a lower center, which is inserted into the chuck seat. Both the lower center and the chuck seat are connected to a connecting plate, which can be fixedly connected to the machine tool.

[0017] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes a chuck, the lower end of which is connected to a pull rod via a transition sleeve that can drive it to move down to clamp the workpiece or move up to release the workpiece. The transition sleeve is installed between the chuck seat and the lower center.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: simple and convenient operation; reduced labor intensity; enhanced tooling rigidity; increased product grinding efficiency by more than 30% compared to the original method without end face positioning; no machining of the workpiece positioning end face, one less lathe, one less operator, smaller footprint, and a total cost reduction of more than 20%. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. First socket head cap set screw; 2. Pull-down rod; 3. Connecting disc; 4. First socket head cap screw; 5. Lower center; 6. Second socket head cap screw; 7. Second socket head cap set screw; 8. Third socket head cap screw; 9. Transition sleeve; 10. Chuck seat; 11. Chuck; 12. Star seal; 13. O-ring seal; 14. First O-ring seal; 15. Piston column ; 16. Second O-ring seal; 17. Third O-ring seal; 18. Set screw; 19. Support post; 20. Fourth hex socket head cap screw; 21. Workpiece; 22. Circular ring sleeve; 23. Pressure plate; 24. Countersunk screw; 25. Upper pressure cap; 26. Limit screw; 27. Rectangular compression spring; 28. Adjusting shim; 29. ​​Upper center; 30. Groove; 31. First circular ring sleeve hole; 32. Second circular ring sleeve hole. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should recognize that the present invention covers all alternatives, improvements, and equivalents that may be included within the scope of the claims.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly defined.

[0023] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0025] See Figure 1 This embodiment provides a floating positioning grinding fixture for the large end face of shafts, including a chuck 10. A lower center mechanism for positioning a workpiece 21 is mounted at the bottom of the chuck 10. An upper center mechanism, capable of axial movement, cooperates with the lower center mechanism to clamp or release the workpiece 21. A clamping mechanism for holding the workpiece 21 is installed inside the chuck 10. A floating workpiece lower end face support mechanism is mounted on the upper periphery of the chuck 10. The workpiece lower end face support mechanism includes several support columns 19, which are evenly distributed around the periphery of the chuck 10. A floating medium is provided between the bottom of the chuck 10 and the support columns 19. In this embodiment, the floating medium is grease. There are 18 support columns 19.

[0026] In this embodiment, the chuck seat 10 is provided with a groove 30 for accommodating the floating medium. A circular ring sleeve 22 is sealed around the chuck seat 10. The circular ring sleeve 22 has a first circular ring hole 31 for mounting a support column 19. The bottom of the first circular ring hole 31 communicates with the groove 30, and the support column 19 is positioned within the first circular ring hole 31 by a pressure plate 23. Two piston columns 15 are provided on the circular ring sleeve 22 for adjusting the floating support force of the floating medium. A second circular ring hole 32 is provided on the circular ring sleeve 22 for mounting the piston columns 15. The bottom of the second circular ring hole 32 communicates with the groove 30. The piston columns 15 are mounted in the second circular ring hole 32 by set screws 18. The floating support force of the floating medium is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the bottom of the piston column 15 and the groove. The support column 19, piston columns 15, and the walls of the circular ring sleeve 22 are all sealed. Specifically, the annular sleeve 22 is connected to the chuck seat 10 by six fourth hexagon socket head cap screws 20. A first O-ring seal 14 is provided between the lower end face of the annular sleeve 22 and the chuck seat 10, two star-shaped seals 12 are provided between the inner wall surface of the annular sleeve 22 and the wall surface of the chuck seat 10, and an O-ring seal 13 is provided between the fourth hexagon socket head cap screws 20 and the annular sleeve 22. Two second O-ring seals 16 are provided between the piston column 15 and the wall surface of the annular sleeve 22, and three third O-ring seals 17 are provided between the support column 19 and the wall surface of the annular sleeve 22. The pressure plate 23 is fixedly connected to the annular sleeve 22 by countersunk screws 24, and a floating gap is provided between the pressure plate 23 and the support column 19. This invention uses seals to ensure that the floating medium does not overflow and to ensure the stability of the floating force of the support column 19.

[0027] The upper center mechanism described in this embodiment includes an upper center 29, with an upper pressure cover 25 installed around the upper center 29. An adjusting force shim 28 is provided between the upper end face of the upper pressure cover 25 and the upper center 29. Twelve rectangular compression springs 27 are provided between the adjusting force shim 28 and the upper pressure cover 25. The upper pressure cover 25 and the side of the upper center 29 are connected by a limiting screw 26. A side groove is formed on the side of the upper center 29, and the end of the limiting screw 26 is located in the side groove. When the upper pressure cover 25 floats up and down, the limiting screw 26 ensures the stability of the floating.

[0028] The lower center mechanism described in this embodiment includes a lower center 5, which passes through a chuck seat 10. Both the lower center 5 and the chuck seat 10 are connected to a connecting plate 3, which is fixedly connected to the machine tool. Specifically, the connecting plate 3 is fixedly connected to the machine tool's worktable via a first hexagon socket head cap screw 4. The lower center 5 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 3 via a second hexagon socket head cap screw 6. The side of the lower center 5 is secured to the connecting plate 3 via a first hexagon socket head cap set screw 1. The chuck seat 10 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 3 via hexagon socket head cap screws. The side of the chuck seat 10 is secured to the connecting plate 3 via a second hexagon socket head cap set screw 7.

[0029] The clamping mechanism described in this embodiment includes a chuck 11. The lower end of the chuck 11 is connected to a pull rod 2 via a transition sleeve 9, which can drive the pull rod 11 downward to clamp the workpiece 21 or upward to release the workpiece 21. The transition sleeve 9 is installed between the chuck seat 10 and the lower center point 5. Specifically, the four posts of the pull rod 2 pass through the four holes of the lower center point 5, and the transition sleeve 9 is fixed to the posts by a third hexagon socket head cap screw 8, thereby being fixedly connected to the pull rod 2. The lower end of the chuck 11 and the transition sleeve 9 are threaded together.

[0030] The installation steps of this invention are as follows: 1. Install the connecting plate 3 onto the machine tool worktable, align it, and lock it in place; 2. First, insert the four posts of the pull rod 2 into the four holes of the lower center 5, then install the transition sleeve 9 onto the lower center 5 and lock the transition sleeve 9 to the pull rod 2 with screws; 3. After placing the assembled lower center 5 into the connecting plate 3, calibrate the lower center 5 and tighten the screws; 4. Assemble the two star-shaped sealing rings onto the chuck seat 10; 5. Assemble the O-ring onto the chuck seat 10; 6. Assemble the O-rings onto the two piston pins 15; 7. Assemble the O-rings onto the 18 support columns 19; 8. After inserting the two piston pins 15 into the holes of the ring sleeve 22 and adjusting them to the appropriate positions, tighten the set screws 18. 9. Insert the 18 support columns 19 into the holes of the ring sleeve 22, paying attention to the orientation; 10. Fill the groove 30 of the chuck seat 10 with an appropriate amount of grease; 11. Fill the hole in the ring 22 with an appropriate amount of grease; 12. Assemble the ring sleeve 22 onto the chuck seat 10 and align the threaded hole position; 13. Assemble the O-rings onto the six M6X45 screws; 14. Install the screw with the O-ring into the hole of the ring sleeve 22 and lock it with the chuck seat 10; 15. Place the pressure plate 23 onto the ring sleeve 22 and tighten the screws; 16. Install the assembled chuck seat 10 onto the connecting plate 3, calibrate it, and tighten the screws; 17. Insert the chuck 11 into the hole of the chuck seat 10 and thread it into the transition sleeve 9 at the appropriate position; 18. Install workpiece 21; 19. Install a suitable adjusting shim 28 onto the upper center 29; 20. Install 12 rectangular compression springs 27 into the end holes of the upper pressure plate 25; 21. Install the upper pressure cover 25 with the spring onto the upper center point 29 and lock it with two limit screws 26; 22. Install the assembled upper center 29 onto the machine tool and calibrate the center; 23. After adjusting all the machine tool parameters, start processing.

[0031] The processing procedure of this invention is as follows: 1. With the pull rod 2 in the relaxed state, insert the workpiece 21; 2. The upper center 29 moves downward, the rectangular compression spring 27 moves downward, the upper pressure cover 25 floats downward, causing the workpiece 21 to move downward, and the support column 19 moves downward. At this time, the pressure of the center 29 on the machine tool is greater than the lower support force, and the pressure of the upper center 29 is greater than the total spring force. The workpiece 21 moves downward and contacts the lower center 5. The eighteen support columns 19 float and support the positioning end face of the workpiece 21 through grease. 3. Pull rod 2 moves downward, transition sleeve 9 moves downward, and chuck 11 moves downward and clamps the outer circle of workpiece 21; 4. Start grinding workpiece 21. After grinding, the upper pressure plate 25 moves upward with the upper center 29, the lower pull rod 2 moves upward, the transition sleeve 9 moves upward, the chuck 11 moves upward and loosens the outer circle of workpiece 21, and the support column 19 moves upward. At this time, the internal pressure of the grease is greater than the weight of workpiece 21, and workpiece 21 can be removed.

[0032] This invention is simple and convenient to operate; reduces labor intensity; uses floating positioning for grinding on the workpiece end face, and strengthens the rigidity of the tooling; increases the grinding efficiency of the product by more than 30% compared to the original method without end face positioning; eliminates the need to process the workpiece positioning end face, reducing the number of lathes and operators, and saving space, resulting in a total cost reduction of more than 20%.

Claims

1. A floating positioning gear grinding fixture for the large end face of shafts, comprising a chuck, a lower center mechanism for positioning the workpiece mounted at the bottom of the chuck, an upper center mechanism that can move axially and cooperate with the lower center mechanism to clamp or release the workpiece mounted above the chuck, and a clamping structure for holding the workpiece installed inside the chuck; characterized in that: A floating workpiece lower end face support mechanism is installed on the upper periphery of the chuck seat. The workpiece lower end face support mechanism includes several support columns, which are evenly distributed around the periphery of the chuck seat. A floating medium is provided between the bottom of the chuck seat and the support columns.

2. The floating positioning gear grinding fixture for the large end face of shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chuck seat is provided with a groove to accommodate the floating medium.

3. The floating positioning gear grinding fixture for the large end face of shafts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the chuck seat is sealed with a circular sleeve. The circular sleeve has a first circular sleeve hole for installing a support column. The bottom of the first circular sleeve hole is connected to a groove. The support column is positioned in the first circular sleeve hole by a pressure plate.

4. The floating positioning gear grinding fixture for the large end face of shafts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The annular sleeve is equipped with a piston rod for adjusting the floating support force of the floating medium.

5. The floating positioning gear grinding fixture for the large end face of shafts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The annular sleeve is provided with a second annular sleeve hole for mounting the piston rod, and the bottom of the second annular sleeve hole is connected to the groove.

6. The floating positioning gear grinding fixture for the large end face of shafts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The piston rod is installed in the second annular sleeve hole by a set screw, and the floating support force of the floating medium is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the bottom of the piston rod and the groove.

7. The floating positioning gear grinding fixture for the large end face of shafts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support column, piston column, and the wall of the annular sleeve are all sealed together.

8. The floating positioning gear grinding fixture for the large end face of shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper center mechanism includes an upper center, an upper pressure cover is installed around the upper center, an adjusting force shim is provided between the upper end face of the upper pressure cover and the upper center, a rectangular compression spring is provided between the adjusting force shim and the upper pressure cover, and the upper pressure cover and the side of the upper center are connected by a limiting screw.

9. The floating positioning gear grinding fixture for the large end face of shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower center mechanism includes a lower center, which is inserted into the chuck seat. Both the lower center and the chuck seat are connected to a connecting plate, which can be fixedly connected to the machine tool.

10. The floating positioning gear grinding fixture for the large end face of a shaft according to claim 9, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes a chuck, the lower end of which is connected to a pull rod via a transition sleeve that can drive it to move down to clamp the workpiece or move up to release the workpiece. The transition sleeve is installed between the chuck seat and the lower center.

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