Ditch dredging sludge treatment vehicle and application method

Abstract

The invention discloses a sewer sludge treatment vehicle and an application method, and relates to the technical field of sludge treatment. The sewer sludge treatment vehicle comprises a vacuum sludge suction unit, a crushing unit, a primary washing and grading unit, a rotational flow grading unit and a centrifugal dewatering unit; a feeding hole of the crushing unit is communicated with a discharging hole of the vacuum sludge suction unit through a pipeline; a feeding hole of the primary washing and grading unit is communicated with a discharging hole of the crushing unit through a pipeline; a feed port of the rotational flow grading unit is communicated with a discharge port of the primary washing grading unit through a pipeline; a feeding hole of the centrifugal dewatering unit is communicated with a discharging hole of the rotational flow grading unit through a pipeline, and the centrifugal dewatering unit is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the separated sewer sludge conveyed by the rotational flow grading unit; according to the sewer sludge treatment vehicle provided by the invention, through the treatment flows of crushing, cleaning, solid-liquid separation and the like on the sewer sludge, the sewage treatment effect is conveniently ensured, the pollution of the sewer sludge is remarkably reduced, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sludge treatment technology, and in particular to a sludge disposal vehicle for drainage ditches and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] Urban stormwater and sewage pipe networks, like intricate underground veins, are distributed throughout the city, bearing the vital mission of collecting and transporting urban stormwater and sewage. In recent years, with the increasing emphasis on ecological environmental protection by the state, investment in pipe network management has also increased significantly, leading to a marked increase in the frequency of municipal drainage pipe network dredging operations. This change has directly resulted in a year-on-year increase in the production of sludge from drainage ditches, posing new challenges to urban environmental management and resource utilization.

[0003] The problem of sludge accumulation in drainage ditches cannot be ignored. As sludge accumulates in pipes, it gradually reduces the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipes, narrowing what was once a spacious drainage channel. This change directly weakens the drainage system's transport capacity. Large amounts of sludge reduce the effective flow area of ​​the pipes and decrease their water-carrying capacity, easily leading to problems such as water accumulation and overflow. In this situation, urban drainage systems are highly susceptible to environmental problems such as water accumulation and sewage overflow. Water accumulation not only affects urban traffic and inconveniences residents' daily lives but may also damage urban infrastructure; while sewage overflow pollutes the surrounding environment, emits foul odors, affects the city's aesthetics and residents' quality of life, and may even cause long-term pollution of groundwater and soil.

[0004] To address the challenge of sewage sludge disposal, mobile sludge treatment equipment has been proposed. This type of equipment boasts the significant advantage of rapid deployment, enabling it to reach designated locations and be operational within a short time, flexibly responding to market or environmental changes. Whether it's a sudden urban rainstorm causing drainage pipe blockage or an emergency dredging required due to aging pipe networks, mobile sludge treatment equipment can respond quickly and fundamentally solve the problem of sewage sludge disposal. Its applicability is wide-ranging, not only suitable for the routine maintenance of urban drainage networks but also playing a crucial role in handling emergencies or sudden incidents, providing strong protection for urban drainage safety.

[0005] However, existing mobile sludge treatment equipment still has certain limitations in treating sludge from drainage ditches. Most of these devices can only extract and transfer sludge and other pollutants from the ditches, clearing them from the pipes and transporting them to a designated location. However, the level of fine-tuning of the sludge during the treatment process is insufficient; it often simply involves moving the sludge from one place to another. After transfer, this sludge may still have environmental impacts or cause pollution. For example, leachate may be generated during storage, polluting soil and groundwater; or leakage may occur during transportation due to inadequate sealing, causing secondary pollution along the route. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of related technologies, and the present invention provides a sludge disposal vehicle for drainage ditches.

[0007] This invention provides the following technical solution: A sludge treatment vehicle for drainage ditches includes a vacuum sludge suction unit, a crushing unit, a primary washing and grading unit, a cyclone grading unit, and a centrifugal dewatering unit.

[0008] The vacuum sludge suction unit is used to suction sludge from sewer drains; the inlet of the crushing unit is connected to the outlet of the vacuum sludge suction unit via a pipe, and the crushing unit is used to crush the sludge suctioned and transported by the vacuum sludge suction unit; the inlet of the primary washing and grading unit is connected to the outlet of the crushing unit via a pipe, and the primary washing and grading unit is used to wash and screen the sludge transported by the crushing unit; the inlet of the cyclone grading unit is connected to the outlet of the primary washing and grading unit via a pipe, and the cyclone grading unit is used to wash and separate the screened sludge transported by the primary washing and grading unit, separating sludge of different particle sizes; the inlet of the centrifugal dewatering unit is connected to the outlet of the cyclone grading unit via a pipe, and the centrifugal dewatering unit is used to perform solid-liquid separation on the separated sludge transported by the cyclone grading unit.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the vacuum sludge suction unit includes a sludge suction pipe and a sludge pump. One end of the sludge suction pipe is connected to the suction port of the sludge pump, and the discharge port of the sludge pump is connected to the feed port of the crushing unit through a pipe.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the end of the suction pipe away from the sludge pump is equipped with a nozzle and a cutting impeller.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the crushing unit is a twin-shaft shear crusher, which is used to crush the large volume of solid ditch sludge pumped and transported by the vacuum sludge suction unit to a particle size of 10-15 mm.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the primary washing and grading unit is a washing drum, which is equipped with a filter screen. The rinsing port of the washing drum is connected to an external water supply device through a pipe. The sludge that passes through the filter screen can be transported from the washing drum to the cyclone grading unit, while the sludge with a particle size greater than 10mm that does not pass through the filter screen is discharged through a conveying device.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the cyclone grading unit includes a hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine. The feed inlet of the hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine is connected to the discharge outlet of the washing drum through a pipe. The water inlet of the hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine is connected to an external water supply device through a pipe. The hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine is equipped with a sedimentation conveyor and a slag remover. The sedimentation conveyor is used to discharge the settled sludge in the hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine, and the slag remover is used to skim off the sludge floating on the water surface in the hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the cyclone classification unit also includes a vibrating screen. The discharge port of the slag remover is connected to the inlet of the vibrating screen through a pipe. The vibrating screen is used to vibrate and screen the organic impurities that are scooped from the water surface in the hydraulic sand and gravel classification and washing machine by the slag remover. The organic impurities that do not pass the screening are discharged through the conveying equipment and then discharged away through the conveying equipment, while the organic impurities that pass the screening are discharged through the discharge port of the vibrating screen.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the cyclone classification unit further includes a primary cyclone and a secondary cyclone. The primary cyclone and the secondary cyclone are connected in a corresponding manner. The feed inlet of the primary cyclone is connected to the discharge outlet of the vibrating screen through a pipe. The water inlets of the primary cyclone and the secondary cyclone are respectively connected to a water supply device through pipes. The primary cyclone and the secondary cyclone are used to perform solid-liquid separation on the sludge discharged from the discharge outlet of the vibrating screen.

[0016] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the centrifugal dewatering unit is a centrifugal dewatering machine. The feed inlet of the centrifugal dewatering machine is connected to the discharge outlet of the secondary hydrocyclone. The centrifugal dewatering machine is used to perform solid-liquid separation on the sludge received from the discharge outlet of the secondary hydrocyclone. The solid waste discharged from the discharge outlet of the centrifugal dewatering machine is discharged away through a conveying device.

[0017] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the sludge disposal vehicle also includes a return water tank. The water inlet of the return water tank is connected to the drain outlet of the primary hydrocyclone, the secondary hydrocyclone, and the centrifugal dewatering machine, respectively. The water outlet of the return water tank is connected to the water inlet of the washing drum and the hydraulic sand and gravel grading washing machine, respectively.

[0018] A method for using the aforementioned sludge disposal vehicle includes the following steps: The sludge from the drainage ditch is sucked into the crusher through the suction pipe and crushed to a particle size of 10-15mm. The crushed sludge from the drainage ditch is transported into the washing drum, where the washing drum, combined with the supplementary water flow, washes and screens the sludge from the drainage ditch. Impurities with a particle size of less than 10mm are transported to the hydraulic sand and gravel classifier and washing machine. After screening, some impurities with a particle size of more than 0.2mm will settle and be discharged through the sand conveyor. Organic impurities floating on the surface of the water in the hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine enter the vibrating screen for screening. Organic impurities with a particle size of 2-10mm are discharged. The waste screened by the vibrating screener is then passed through a primary hydrocyclone, a secondary hydrocyclone, and a centrifugal dewatering machine for solid-liquid separation.

[0019] Compared with related technologies, the advantages of this invention are: The sludge disposal vehicle provided by this invention, when processing sludge with complex composition and high impurity content in sewers, first activates the vacuum suction unit to continuously and stably pump out the sludge, ensuring effective removal of the sludge from the sewer. Subsequently, the pumped-up sludge is transported through pipelines to the crushing unit.

[0020] In the crushing unit, the sludge from the drainage ditch undergoes crushing treatment, reducing the particle size of solid impurities in the sludge to a level suitable for pipeline transportation between subsequent equipment, thus ensuring the normal operation of the downstream equipment. The crushing unit uses high-speed rotating blades or other crushing structures inside to powerfully cut and impact the sludge, breaking down the originally large, irregularly shaped solid impurities into relatively uniform, fine particles, allowing them to pass smoothly through the subsequent transportation pipelines.

[0021] After being crushed, the drain sludge is then transported to the primary washing and classification unit. In this unit, water and sludge are thoroughly mixed, and the impact and scouring action of the water flow comprehensively washes and screens the contaminants. During the washing process, larger inorganic impurities, due to their greater weight and less susceptibility to water flow, are effectively screened out. These inorganic impurities typically include sand, gravel, and brick fragments. After being separated in the primary washing and classification unit, they are collected through a discharge channel for subsequent unified treatment or resource recycling. The smaller drain sludge particles, however, pass smoothly through the screening device and are then transported to the cyclone classification unit.

[0022] The hydrocyclone classifier unit performs a more refined washing and screening task. When smaller sludge particles enter this unit, they form a high-speed rotating liquid flow inside the hydrocyclone. Under the action of centrifugal force, impurities of different sizes will stratify due to the different centrifugal forces they experience. Relatively larger particles will settle downwards and be discharged, while smaller particles, due to their lighter mass and lower centrifugal force, will move upwards with the water flow and be transported to the centrifugal dewatering unit through the conveying pipe.

[0023] The centrifugal dewatering unit is the final step in the entire sludge treatment process. Here, the sludge, after undergoing multiple previous treatment stages, is separated into solid and liquid components. The centrifugal dewatering unit uses the powerful centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation to rapidly separate the solid particles from the liquid in the sludge, which is then discharged through a specialized discharge device. The separated liquid flows out through another channel; the pollutant content in this liquid has been significantly reduced, allowing for further recycling or direct discharge.

[0024] As can be seen from the complete treatment process of sludge from drainage ditches described above, the sludge disposal vehicle provided by this invention adopts a layered treatment concept. This layered treatment method can effectively separate sludge of different particle sizes step by step and with precision. Simultaneously, throughout the entire treatment process, the equipment performs multiple, multi-layered washing operations on the sludge, enabling a more thorough and effective separation of organic and inorganic impurities. This not only significantly reduces the difficulty of subsequent wastewater and organic pollutant treatment, and decreases the amount of chemical reagents and energy consumed during the treatment process, but also significantly improves the overall treatment efficiency of sludge from drainage ditches.

[0025] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sludge disposal vehicle for drainage ditches according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This shows a schematic diagram of the sludge disposal vehicle for drainage ditches in one embodiment of the present invention from another perspective. Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine from one perspective of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the workflow of a sludge disposal vehicle for drainage ditches is shown in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of key component symbols: 100-Vacuum sludge suction unit; 110-Sludge suction pipe; 120-Sludge pump; 200-Crushing unit; 210-Dual-shaft shear crusher; 300-Primary washing and grading unit; 310-Washing drum; 400-Cyclone grading unit; 410-Hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine; 411-Grit conveyor; 412-Slag remover; 420-Vibrating screen; 430-First-stage hydrocyclone; 440-Second-stage hydrocyclone; 500-Centrifugal dewatering unit; 510-Centrifugal dewatering machine; 600-Vehicle body; 610-Odor treatment equipment; 620-Return water tank; 630-Carriage. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0031] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0032] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0034] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a sludge disposal vehicle for drainage ditches, including a vacuum sludge suction unit 100, a crushing unit 200, a primary washing and grading unit 300, a cyclone grading unit 400, and a centrifugal dewatering unit 500.

[0035] The vacuum sludge suction unit 100 is used to suction sludge from sewer drains; the inlet of the crushing unit 200 is connected to the outlet of the vacuum sludge suction unit 100 via a pipe, and the crushing unit 200 is used to crush the sludge suctioned and transported by the vacuum sludge suction unit 100; the inlet of the primary washing and grading unit 300 is connected to the outlet of the crushing unit 200 via a pipe, and the primary washing and grading unit 300 is used to wash and screen the sludge transported by the crushing unit 200. The inlet of the cyclone classifier 400 is connected to the outlet of the primary washing and classifying unit 300 via a pipe. The cyclone classifier 400 is used to wash and separate the sludge from the sluice gate that has been screened by the primary washing and classifying unit 300, thereby separating sludge from sluice gates of different particle sizes. The inlet of the centrifugal dewatering unit 500 is connected to the outlet of the cyclone classifier 400 via a pipe. The centrifugal dewatering unit 500 is used to perform solid-liquid separation on the separated sludge from the cyclone classifier 400.

[0036] The sludge disposal vehicle provided by this invention, when treating sludge with complex composition and high impurity content in sewers, first activates the vacuum suction unit 100 to continuously and stably pump out the sludge, ensuring that the sludge in the sewer can be effectively removed. Subsequently, the pumped-up sludge is transported through pipelines to the crushing unit 200.

[0037] In the crushing unit 200, the sludge from the drainage ditch undergoes crushing treatment, thereby reducing the particle size of solid impurities in the sludge to a level suitable for pipeline transportation between subsequent equipment and ensuring the normal operation of the subsequent equipment. The crushing unit 200 uses internal high-speed rotating blades or other crushing structures to powerfully cut and impact the sludge, breaking the originally large and irregularly shaped solid impurities into relatively uniform and fine particles, thus enabling them to pass smoothly through the subsequent transportation pipelines.

[0038] After being crushed, the drain sludge is then conveyed to the primary washing and classification unit 300. In this unit, water and sludge are thoroughly mixed, and the impact and scouring action of the water flow comprehensively washes and screens the contaminants. During the washing process, larger inorganic impurities, due to their greater weight and less susceptibility to water flow, are effectively screened out. These inorganic impurities typically include sand, gravel, and brick fragments. After being separated in the primary washing and classification unit 300, they are collected through a discharge channel for subsequent unified treatment or resource recycling. The smaller drain sludge particles, however, pass smoothly through the screening device and are then conveyed to the cyclone classification unit 400.

[0039] The hydrocyclone classifier 400 performs a more refined washing and screening task. When smaller sludge particles enter this unit, they form a high-speed rotating liquid flow inside the hydrocyclone. Under the action of centrifugal force, impurities of different sizes will stratify due to the different centrifugal forces they experience. The relatively larger particles will settle downwards and be discharged, while the smaller particles, due to their lighter mass and lower centrifugal force, will move upwards with the water flow and be transported through the conveying pipe to the centrifugal dewatering unit 500.

[0040] The centrifugal dewatering unit 500 is the final step in the entire sludge treatment process. Here, the sludge, after undergoing multiple previous treatment stages, is separated into solid and liquid components. The centrifugal dewatering unit 500 uses the powerful centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation to rapidly separate the solid particles from the liquid in the sludge, which is then discharged through a dedicated discharge device. The separated liquid flows out through another channel; the pollutant content in this liquid has been significantly reduced, allowing for further treatment or direct discharge.

[0041] In some specific embodiments, the vacuum sludge suction unit 100 includes a sludge suction pipe 110 and a sludge pump 120. One end of the sludge suction pipe 110 is connected to the suction port of the sludge pump 120, and the discharge port of the sludge pump 120 is connected to the feed port of the crushing unit 200 through a pipe. In actual operation, the sludge pump 120 continuously suctions, which can quickly and efficiently pump the complex sludge accumulated in the sewer to the crushing unit 200 through the sludge suction pipe 110.

[0042] In some specific embodiments, the end of the suction pipe 110 opposite to the sludge pump 120 is equipped with a nozzle and a cutting impeller. High-pressure water jets are sprayed through the nozzle. When the nozzle is activated, the powerful water jet rushes down the inner wall of the sewer at extremely high speed. The inner wall of the sewer accumulates a large amount of stubborn silt over time, which adheres tightly to the pipe wall and is difficult to clean. The impact force of the high-pressure water jet effectively washes away this silt, peeling it off the inner wall and allowing it to return to the water flow, where it is then sucked away by the suction pipe 110. Simultaneously, the high-pressure water jet generates a reaction force during spraying, which forms a propulsive force, propelling the suction pipe 110 within the sewer. This propulsive force allows the suction pipe 110 to move beyond a fixed position, increasing its suction range and covering more previously inaccessible areas, thus more comprehensively cleaning the sludge in the sewer.

[0043] The cutting impeller is connected to an external power source via a specific transmission device, enabling it to rotate at high speed under power drive. In sewers, due to long-term accumulation and sedimentation of sludge, it easily forms clumps of sludge. These clumps of sludge are hard and large in size, which can clog the inlet of the suction pipe 110, severely affecting its suction operation. The cutting impeller, during its rotation, continuously contacts and cuts / breaks the clumps of sludge. After being processed by the cutting impeller, the originally large clumps of sludge are broken into smaller pieces and then sucked away through the suction pipe 110, ensuring that the suction operation of the suction pipe 110 can proceed smoothly and efficiently, without interruption or reduced efficiency due to blockage by clumps of sludge.

[0044] In some specific embodiments, the crushing unit 200 is a twin-shaft shear crusher 210; the twin-shaft shear crusher 210 has unique working principles and structural advantages, and its interior is equipped with two parallel and relatively rotating crushing shafts, each with multiple sharp crushing blades evenly distributed on it. These blades cooperate with each other during rotation, enabling them to powerfully shear and tear the material, thereby achieving a highly efficient crushing effect.

[0045] The main function of the crushing unit 200 is to finely crush the large-volume solid sludge from the vacuum sludge suction unit 100. In practical applications, the sludge pumped from the sewer is complex in composition, containing a large number of large solid impurities such as stones, brick fragments, and branches. If this large-volume solid sludge were to directly enter subsequent processes, it would be unable to pass through the conveying pipes smoothly due to its large particle size, causing pipe blockage and affecting the normal operation of the entire treatment system. The twin-shaft shear crusher 210 can crush this large-volume solid sludge to a particle size range of 10-15mm. After such crushing, the sludge has a uniform and moderate particle size, allowing it to pass through the conveying pipes of subsequent processes without obstruction, providing good material conditions for subsequent washing, grading, dewatering, and other treatment stages.

[0046] Furthermore, considering the various unexpected situations that may arise during actual operation, the crushing unit 200 also features overload protection and reverse retraction functions. During crushing operations, it is sometimes unavoidable to encounter some uncrushable hard foreign objects, such as metal parts or large pieces of concrete. When these foreign objects enter the crusher, they cause a huge impact on the crushing blades and crushing shaft. If not handled promptly, this can easily lead to equipment jamming, damage, or even affect the normal operation of subsequent processing equipment. The overload protection device of the crushing unit 200 can quickly send a signal to trigger the reverse retraction function when it detects that the equipment load exceeds the set value. At this time, the crushing shaft will immediately stop rotating forward and automatically rotate in the opposite direction at a certain angle, causing the crushing blades to retract from the foreign object, preventing equipment jamming. Simultaneously, the system will also issue an alarm signal to remind operators to handle the foreign object promptly. Through this overload protection and reverse retraction function, the crusher itself and subsequent processing equipment are effectively protected, significantly improving the reliability and continuity of system operation, reducing equipment failures and downtime, and increasing the overall efficiency of the sludge treatment system.

[0047] In some specific embodiments, the primary washing and grading unit 300 is a washing drum 310, inside which a filter screen is installed. The filter screen is made of a high-strength, corrosion-resistant material and is evenly distributed on the inner wall of the washing drum 310, forming a complete screening layer to ensure that all passing sludge in the drainage ditch is fully screened during the drum's rotation.

[0048] The washing drum 310 is equipped with a rinsing port, which is connected to an external water supply system via a pre-laid pipe. Depending on the actual working requirements, the water supply system can be a water storage tank or a municipal fire hydrant, providing a stable and continuous flow of water into the washing drum 310. When the sludge from the drainage ditch enters the washing drum 310, the water supply system activates, and water is sprayed at high speed from the rinsing port into the drum, thoroughly mixing with the sludge. Under the impact and scouring action of the water flow, inorganic impurities and organic debris in the sludge are further cleaned and separated. Simultaneously, the water flow also causes the sludge to tumble and move within the drum, making the screening process more thorough and complete.

[0049] During the screening process, based on the mesh size of the filter screen, sludge particles smaller than 10mm can pass through smoothly. These fine sludge particles that pass through the screen gradually converge towards one end of the drum under the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the drum and the action of water flow. They are then stably transported to the cyclone classification unit 400 through a specially designed conveying channel for further finer processing.

[0050] Sludge particles larger than 10mm that fail to pass through the filter screen are blocked on the outside of the screen. Driven by the continuous rotation of the drum, these larger sludge particles gradually move to the other end of the washing drum 310. Here, the sludge passes through a chute and is conveyed by a conveying device such as a screw conveyor or belt conveyor. Once the conveying device is activated, it can smoothly and efficiently discharge these sludge particles larger than 10mm. The discharged sludge particles are collected in a dedicated collection box and then used or treated according to their specific composition and properties. For example, if it contains a large amount of recyclable sand and gravel, it can be sent to a relevant resource recycling and processing facility for reuse; if it contains harmful impurities, it needs to be sent to a corresponding treatment station for harmless treatment.

[0051] like Figure 3As shown, in some specific embodiments, the cyclone grading unit 400 includes a hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine 410. The inlet of the hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine 410 is connected to the discharge port of the washing drum 310 via a pipe. The water supply port of the hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine 410 is connected to an external water supply device via a pipe. The water supply device can be a water storage tank or a municipal fire hydrant, depending on actual working needs, and can stably and continuously provide sufficient water flow into the washing drum 310. The hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine 410 is equipped with a sedimentation conveyor 411 and a slag remover 412. The sedimentation conveyor 411 is installed in the bottom area of ​​the hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine 410, and its design fully considers the characteristics of inorganic impurities with high density and easy settling. During the mixing process of ditch sludge and water, inorganic impurities such as sand, gravel, and metal particles will gradually sink to the bottom of the hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine 410 due to their own gravity. The sediment conveyor 411 operates continuously, collecting the settled waste and discharging it steadily through its internal conveying mechanism. Most of the discharged waste is inorganic matter, which is then transported to corresponding collection boxes for centralized collection via common conveying equipment such as screw conveyors or belt conveyors. After further screening and processing, some of this collected inorganic matter can be reused; for example, sand and gravel can be used in the production of building materials, and metal particles can be recycled and smelted, thereby improving resource utilization.

[0052] The sludge skimmer 412 is installed above the hydraulic sand and gravel classifying and washing machine 410, close to the water surface. During the mixing and separation of ditch sludge and water, in addition to inorganic impurities settling, some organic impurities such as plastic fragments, wood chips, and fibers, due to their lower density, will float on the water surface. The sludge skimmer 412, through its unique skimming device, can accurately skim off these floating impurities. The skimmed impurities are then conveyed to the next processing stage via the conveying channel of the sludge skimmer 412. Through the action of the sludge skimmer 412, the effective separation of organic and inorganic impurities in the ditch sludge is further achieved, allowing different types of impurities to be treated more specifically, thereby improving the overall effect and efficiency of waste treatment.

[0053] In some specific embodiments, the cyclone grading unit 400 further includes a vibrating screen 420. The discharge port of the slag remover 412 is connected to the inlet of the vibrating screen 420 via a pipe. The vibrating screen 420 is used to vibrate and screen the organic debris transported by the slag remover 412 from the water surface of the hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine 410. When the debris enters the vibrating screen 420, the equipment starts and begins the vibrating screening operation. The vibrating screen 420 generates high-frequency vibration through its own vibration device. This vibration causes the debris entering the machine to continuously jump and tumble on the screen. During this process, organic debris with a particle size smaller than the screen mesh size can pass through the screen smoothly, while organic or inorganic debris with a particle size larger than the screen mesh size is blocked above the screen.

[0054] For organic or inorganic impurities that fail to pass through the screen, they will gradually accumulate on the screen. At this point, the conveying equipment installed on the vibrating screen 420 begins to operate. The conveying equipment typically takes the form of a screw conveyor or belt conveyor, which can stably and continuously discharge the impurities accumulated on the screen from the vibrating screen 420. These discharged impurities are collected in a dedicated container or storage area for subsequent targeted degradation treatment. For example, organic impurities can be biodegraded using microorganisms to break them down into harmless substances; inorganic impurities can be classified and recycled or safely disposed of according to their specific composition.

[0055] The organic impurities that pass through the sieve, due to their small particle size and relatively uniform properties, will be discharged from the discharge port through the pre-set channels inside the vibrating screen 420.

[0056] In some specific embodiments, the hydrocyclone classification unit 400 further includes a primary hydrocyclone 430 and a secondary hydrocyclone 440. The primary hydrocyclone 430 and the secondary hydrocyclone 440 are connected in a corresponding manner. The feed inlet of the primary hydrocyclone 430 is connected to the discharge outlet of the vibrating screen 420 through a pipe. The water inlets of the primary hydrocyclone 430 and the secondary hydrocyclone 440 are respectively connected to a water supply device through pipes. During operation, the primary hydrocyclone 430 and the secondary hydrocyclone 440 utilize the principle of centrifugal force to achieve separation based on the density differences of different substances in the material. When the suspension rotates at high speed inside the hydrocyclone, the denser substances such as sand particles are subjected to greater centrifugal force, and they are pushed against the wall of the hydrocyclone and gradually settle down along the wall, forming a solid-liquid boundary at the bottom of the hydrocyclone. The denser slurry is discharged from the sand discharge port at the bottom; while the less dense mixture is subjected to less centrifugal force, it converges towards the center of the hydrocyclone and flows upward from the overflow port at the top, thus achieving effective separation of fine sand and gravel in the sludge from the filtrate.

[0057] After being processed by the primary hydrocyclone 430, most of the fine sand and gravel has been separated, but some smaller particles or incompletely separated sand and gravel may still remain. This material enters the secondary hydrocyclone 440 through a pipe and undergoes the aforementioned centrifugal separation process again. The secondary hydrocyclone 440 further separates the fine sand and gravel in the material, resulting in a more thorough separation and producing liquid with lower contaminant concentrations and more concentrated sand and gravel discharge.

[0058] In some specific embodiments, the centrifugal dewatering unit 500 is a centrifugal dewatering machine 510. The inlet of the centrifugal dewatering machine 510 is connected to the outlet of the secondary hydrocyclone 440. The centrifugal dewatering machine 510 is used to perform solid-liquid separation on the sludge received from the outlet of the secondary hydrocyclone 440. The solid waste discharged from the outlet of the centrifugal dewatering machine 510 is discharged away by a conveying device and collected centrally by a corresponding collection box.

[0059] In some specific embodiments, the hydraulic sand and gravel classifying and washing machine 410, the primary hydrocyclone 430, and the secondary hydrocyclone 440 are all equipped with ultrasonic-assisted cleaning devices. These devices emit high-frequency ultrasonic waves and transmit them to corresponding ultrasonic transducers. The transducers generate ultrasonic vibrations under the influence of the high-frequency ultrasonic waves. The mixed liquid is subjected to ultrasonic effects, and a large number of small bubbles circulate and burst, generating shock waves that peel off the dirt layer. By installing ultrasonic-assisted cleaning devices on the hydraulic sand and gravel classifying and washing machine 410, the primary hydrocyclone 430, and the secondary hydrocyclone 440, the separation effect between inorganic and organic impurities can be greatly improved. The separation of impurities, which originally required a lot of time and energy, becomes more efficient and thorough under the action of ultrasonic-assisted cleaning devices. This not only improves the treatment effect on ditch sludge but also results in a lower concentration of contaminants in the separated liquid, making the discharged impurities easier to process and recycle.

[0060] In some specific embodiments, the sludge disposal vehicle also includes a return water tank 620. The water inlet of the return water tank 620 is connected to the drain outlets of the primary hydrocyclone 430, the secondary hydrocyclone 440, and the centrifugal dewatering machine 510, respectively. The water outlet of the return water tank 620 is connected to the water inlet of the washing drum 310 and the hydraulic sand and gravel classifying washing machine 410, respectively. Through this design, the return water tank 620 achieves the recycling of water discharged from the primary hydrocyclone 430, the secondary hydrocyclone 440, and the centrifugal dewatering machine 510. Previously, this discharged water might have been directly discharged, resulting in a waste of water resources. Now, after collection, sedimentation, and redistribution by the return water tank 620, this water is reused for the primary washing and classifying unit 300 and the hydraulic sand and gravel classifying washing machine 410, which have low requirements for rinsing water. This greatly saves water resources, reduces the operating cost of the sludge disposal vehicle, and also meets the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development.

[0061] In some specific embodiments, the application method of the sludge disposal vehicle is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. Sludge from sewers or manholes can be drawn into the crusher by the suction pipe 110, where it is crushed to a particle size of 10-15mm.

[0062] After crushing, the sludge from the drainage ditch is conveyed into the washing drum 310. In the washing drum 310, the sludge is washed and screened using water replenished from the recycled water tank. Subsequently, impurities and waste with a particle size greater than 10mm are conveyed via a chute and screw conveyor to their corresponding material collection tanks for centralized storage; impurities and waste with a particle size less than 10mm are conveyed into the hydraulic sand and gravel classifying and washing machine 410. Simultaneously, the wastewater generated by the washing drum 310 is discharged back into the manhole.

[0063] The impurities entering the hydraulic sand and gravel classifying and washing machine 410 are screened, and some impurities with a particle size greater than 0.2mm will settle. The sand conveyor 411 outputs these settled impurities as fine sand, which is then transported to the corresponding material collection box for centralized storage via a conveying device consisting of a chute and a screw conveyor.

[0064] Organic impurities floating on the surface of the hydraulic sand and gravel classifier 410 will enter the vibrating screen 420. After screening, organic impurities with a particle size of 2-10mm can be transported to the corresponding material collection box for centralized storage and treatment via a conveying device consisting of a chute and a screw conveyor.

[0065] The waste separated by the vibrating screen 420 then passes through a primary hydrocyclone 430, a secondary hydrocyclone 440, and a centrifugal dewatering machine 510 for further solid-liquid separation. During this process, the primary hydrocyclone 430 and secondary hydrocyclone 440 require water replenishment from municipal fire hydrants. The water separated from the primary hydrocyclone 430, secondary hydrocyclone 440, and centrifugal dewatering machine 510 is returned to a recycled water tank for reuse. Finally, the fine sand and waste separated from the centrifugal dewatering machine 510 are transported to a corresponding material collection box for centralized storage via a conveying system consisting of a chute and a screw conveyor.

[0066] In some specific embodiments, the sludge disposal vehicle further includes a vehicle body 600, with a cargo compartment 630 covering the outside of the vehicle. The cargo compartment 630 is equipped with an odor treatment device 610. Its working principle is as follows: when the sludge disposal vehicle generates odor during operation, this odor accumulates inside the cargo compartment 630. At this time, the odor treatment device 610 is activated, first introducing the odor from the cargo compartment 630 into a filter (activated carbon) through a pipe. Activated carbon has a rich microporous structure and a large surface area, exhibiting good adsorption of odor molecules and harmful gases in the odor. When the odor passes through the filter (activated carbon), most of the odor and harmful substances are adsorbed onto the surface of the activated carbon, thus initially reducing the concentration and intensity of the odor.

[0067] The initially treated odorous gas then enters a medium-efficiency filter (activated carbon). Compared to the primary filter (activated carbon), the medium-efficiency filter (activated carbon) is more refined and efficient in both structure and performance. It further deeply adsorbs and filters tiny particles and residual harmful gases in the odorous gas, ensuring a more thorough removal of pollutants. Through treatment by the medium-efficiency filter (activated carbon), the quality of the odor is significantly improved, and the content of odors and harmful substances is further reduced.

[0068] Finally, the odorous gas, filtered through two stages of activated carbon, enters the ultraviolet (UV) sterilization and disinfection irradiation area. This area is equipped with multiple sets of UV germicidal lamps, which emit UV light of specific wavelengths. When the odorous gas passes through the UV irradiation area, the UV light destroys the cell structure and genetic material of any remaining bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms in the gas, rendering them inactive and thus achieving sterilization and disinfection. Simultaneously, UV irradiation also decomposes some organic matter in the odorous gas, further improving its composition and odor.

[0069] After undergoing a series of purification processes including a filter (activated carbon), a medium-efficiency filter (activated carbon), and ultraviolet sterilization, the odorous gas, which originally contained a large amount of unpleasant smells and harmful substances, was effectively purified, meeting the relevant national environmental protection emission standards. The purified gas is then safely and environmentally discharged into the external environment through a dedicated exhaust vent, greatly reducing pollution to the surrounding environment and ensuring the air quality of the work area and its surroundings.

[0070] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0071] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle for treating sludge from drainage ditches, characterized in that, include: Vacuum sludge suction unit (100) is used to suction sludge from sewer drains; The crushing unit (200) has its inlet connected to the outlet of the vacuum sludge suction unit (100) via a pipe. The crushing unit (200) is used to crush the sludge pumped and transported by the vacuum sludge suction unit (100). A primary washing and grading unit (300) is provided, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the crushing unit (200) via a pipe. The primary washing and grading unit (300) is used to wash and screen the sludge conveyed by the crushing unit (200). A cyclone classifier (400) is provided. The inlet of the cyclone classifier (400) is connected to the outlet of the primary washing and classifying unit (300) through a pipe. The cyclone classifier (400) is used to wash and separate the sludge that has been screened by the primary washing and classifying unit (300) and to separate the sludge of different particle sizes. Centrifugal dewatering unit (500), the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the cyclone classifying unit (400) via a pipe, is used to perform solid-liquid separation on the separated sludge conveyed by the cyclone classifying unit (400).

2. The sludge disposal vehicle for drainage ditches according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum sludge suction unit (100) includes a sludge suction pipe (110) and a sludge pump (120). One end of the sludge suction pipe (110) is connected to the suction port of the sludge pump (120), and the discharge port of the sludge pump (120) is connected to the feed port of the crushing unit (200) through a pipe.

3. The sludge disposal vehicle for drainage ditches according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end of the suction pipe (110) opposite to the sludge pump (120) is equipped with a nozzle and a cutting impeller.

4. The sludge disposal vehicle for drainage ditches according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing unit (200) is a twin-shaft shear crusher (210), which is used to crush the large volume solid sludge pumped and transported by the vacuum sludge suction unit (100) to a particle size of 10-15 mm.

5. The sludge disposal vehicle for drainage ditches according to claim 4, characterized in that, The primary washing and grading unit (300) is a washing drum (310). The washing drum (310) is equipped with a filter screen. The rinsing port of the washing drum (310) is connected to an external water supply device through a pipe. The sludge that passes through the filter screen can be transported from the washing drum (310) to the cyclone grading unit (400), while the sludge with a particle size greater than 10 mm that does not pass through the filter screen is discharged through a conveying device.

6. The sludge disposal vehicle for drainage ditches according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cyclone grading unit (400) includes a hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine (410). The feed inlet of the hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine (410) is connected to the discharge outlet of the washing drum (310) through a pipe. The water inlet of the hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine (410) is connected to an external water supply device through a pipe. The hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine (410) is equipped with a sedimentation conveyor (411) and a slag remover (412). The sedimentation conveyor (411) is used to discharge the settled sludge in the hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine (410). The slag remover (412) is used to skim off the sludge floating on the water surface in the hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine (410).

7. The sludge disposal vehicle for drainage ditches according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cyclone grading unit (400) also includes a vibrating screen (420). The discharge port of the slag remover (412) is connected to the inlet of the vibrating screen (420) through a pipe. The vibrating screen (420) is used to vibrate and screen the organic debris that is scooped from the water surface in the hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine (410) by the slag remover (412). The organic debris that is not screened is discharged through the conveying equipment and then discharged away through the conveying equipment. The organic debris that is screened is discharged through the discharge port of the vibrating screen (420).

8. The sludge disposal vehicle for drainage ditches according to claim 7, characterized in that, The hydrocyclone grading unit (400) further includes a primary hydrocyclone (430) and a secondary hydrocyclone (440). The primary hydrocyclone (430) and the secondary hydrocyclone (440) are connected in a corresponding manner. The feed inlet of the primary hydrocyclone (430) is connected to the discharge port of the vibrating screen (420) through a pipe. The water inlets of the primary hydrocyclone (430) and the secondary hydrocyclone (440) are respectively connected to a water supply device through pipes. The primary hydrocyclone (430) and the secondary hydrocyclone (440) are used to perform solid-liquid separation on the sludge discharged from the discharge port of the vibrating screen (420).

9. The sludge disposal vehicle for drainage ditches according to claim 8, characterized in that, The centrifugal dewatering unit (500) is a centrifugal dewatering machine (510). The inlet of the centrifugal dewatering machine (510) is connected to the outlet of the secondary hydrocyclone (440). The centrifugal dewatering machine (510) is used to perform solid-liquid separation on the sludge received from the outlet of the secondary hydrocyclone (440). The solid waste discharged from the outlet of the centrifugal dewatering machine (510) is discharged away through a conveying device.

10. A method of applying a sludge disposal vehicle for drainage ditches as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The sludge from the drainage ditch is drawn into the crusher through the suction pipe (110) and crushed to a particle size of 10-15mm. The crushed sludge from the drainage ditch is transported to the washing drum (310), where the washing drum (310) washes and screens the sludge in conjunction with the supplementary water flow. Impurities with a particle size of less than 10 mm are transported to the hydraulic sand and gravel classifier (410). After screening, some impurities with a particle size of more than 0.2 mm will settle and be discharged through the sand conveyor (411). Organic impurities floating on the surface of the water in the hydraulic sand and gravel grading and washing machine (410) enter the vibrating screen (420) for screening. Organic impurities with a particle size of 2-10mm are discharged. The waste screened by the vibrating screener (420) is then passed through the first-stage hydrocyclone (430), the second-stage hydrocyclone (440), and the centrifugal dewatering machine (510) for solid-liquid separation.

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