High-performance self-insulation outer wall material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building walls, and particularly discloses a high-performance self-insulation outer wall material and a preparation method thereof. A high-performance self-heat-preservation outer wall material comprises an inner acanthus, an outer acanthus and a heat preservation layer, pouring materials of the inner acanthus and the outer acanthus are anti-shrinkage mixtures, and the anti-shrinkage mixtures comprise, by weight, 20-30 parts of ceramsite, 20-30 parts of cement, 10-20 parts of fine aggregate, 0.3-0.5 part of an air entraining agent, 0.5-1 part of a water reducing agent and 1-3 parts of hydroxyethyl-methyl cellulose ether. 1-3 parts of a mineral admixture and 3-5 parts of a composite expanding agent; the hydroxyethyl-methyl cellulose ether can enhance the overall strength of the interior of the mixture and reduce the water absorption rate of the mixture, and meanwhile, the ceramsite, the fine aggregate and the mineral admixture are compounded and combined with the composite expanding agent, so that the overall compressive strength and impact resistance of the inner acanthus and outer acanthus pouring material are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of building wall technology, and in particular to a high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction industry, the performance of exterior wall materials has a crucial impact on the overall quality and functionality of buildings. With the continuous development of the construction industry, people's requirements for exterior wall materials are also increasing. They not only need good strength and durability, but also excellent thermal insulation performance to meet the needs of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0003] However, traditional concrete or mortar materials are prone to drying shrinkage and cold shrinkage during the hardening process, which affects the structural safety and the integrity of the insulation layer. Many insulation materials and insulation boards have low strength, poor impact resistance, and low durability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve the thermal insulation performance and shrinkage resistance of existing exterior wall materials, this application provides a high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material and its preparation method.

[0005] In the first aspect, this application provides a high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material, which adopts the following technical solution: A high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material includes an inner leaf plate, an outer leaf plate, and an insulation layer. The casting materials for both the inner and outer leaf plates are anti-shrinkage mixtures. The anti-shrinkage mixtures include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of ceramsite, 20-30 parts of cement, 10-20 parts of fine aggregate, 0.3-0.5 parts of air-entraining agent, 0.5-1 part of water-reducing agent, 1-3 parts of hydroxyethyl-methylcellulose ether, 1-3 parts of mineral admixtures, and 3-5 parts of composite expansion agent.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solutions, adding hydroxyethyl-methylcellulose ether to the casting materials of the inner and outer leaf plates can enhance the overall internal strength and compressive strength of the mixture through its water-reducing and water-retaining effects, reduce the water absorption rate of the mixture, and thus reduce the phenomenon of shrinkage and cracking of the casting materials caused by moisture reduction in the later stage. The use of a compound of ceramsite, fine aggregate, and mineral admixtures can reduce the thermal conductivity and porosity of the mixture, disperse the stress generated by shrinkage, improve the overall compressive strength and impact resistance of the inner and outer leaf plate casting materials, and enhance the durability of the exterior wall materials. The composite expansion agent can compensate for the early self-shrinkage of the mixture, while inhibiting the drying shrinkage of the mixture in the middle and later stages, reducing the water consumption for the hydration reaction of the mixture, and further improving the strength and resistance to later shrinkage cracking of the inner and outer leaf plate casting materials.

[0007] Preferably, the composite expanding agent comprises a compound of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide, wherein the mass ratio of calcium oxide to magnesium oxide is 1:(1-1.3).

[0008] Preferably, the mineral admixture is at least one of metakaolin, mineral powder, silica fume, and fly ash.

[0009] Preferably, the insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts cement, 10-20 parts polystyrene particles, and 5-8 parts carbon fiber.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, combining polystyrene particles with cement, the thermal conductivity of the insulation layer can be reduced, resulting in an insulation layer that combines good thermal insulation performance with lightweight properties. Adding an appropriate amount of carbon fiber to the insulation layer raw materials allows the carbon fibers to evenly penetrate and fill the gaps between the polystyrene particles and the cementitious material, acting as a bridge to improve the connection strength between the particles and the cementitious material, thereby enhancing the overall crack resistance and strength of the insulation layer material.

[0011] Preferably, the insulation layer material also includes 5-8 parts of hydrated calcium silicate.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the direct addition of pre-prepared hydrated calcium silicate can shorten the setting time of the insulation layer material and improve the early strength of the insulation layer. Calcium silicate hydrate can guide the more uniform and dense growth of cement hydration products, filling the tiny pores between polystyrene particles and the cement matrix, improving the later strength and hardness of the insulation layer material, and enhancing the density and impermeability of the exterior wall material.

[0013] Preferably, the porosity of the hydrated calcium silicate is 90-95%.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, controlling the porosity of calcium silicate hydrate within a suitable range can reduce the thermal conductivity of the insulation layer material and improve the thermal insulation effect of the insulation layer.

[0015] Preferably, the method for preparing the hydrated calcium silicate includes the following specific steps: mixing sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide to form a sodium silicate solution, preparing calcium hydroxide into a dispersion, mixing the sodium silicate solution and the calcium hydroxide dispersion, heating and reacting, and then dehydrating, washing, and drying to obtain hydrated calcium silicate.

[0016] Preferably, the mass ratio of sodium silicate to calcium hydroxide is (1.5-2):1.

[0017] Preferably, the heating temperature is 85-95℃.

[0018] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing a high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material, employing the following technical solution: A method for preparing a high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material includes the following specific steps: mixing ceramsite, cement, fine aggregate, water-reducing agent, hydroxyethyl-methylcellulose ether, air-entraining agent, mineral admixture, and composite expansion agent to obtain an anti-shrinkage mixture; casting the anti-shrinkage mixture separately to form inner leaf plates and outer leaf plates; bonding the inner leaf plates and outer leaf plates with an insulation layer; and curing and demolding to obtain the high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solutions, the synergistic effect of each component can enable the thermal insulation exterior wall material to have both good strength, density and thermal insulation effect.

[0020] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. This application uses hydroxyethyl-methylcellulose ether added to the casting materials of the inner and outer blades to enhance the internal tensile strength and bond strength of the mixture. The use of a compound of ceramsite, fine aggregate, and mineral admixtures can reduce the thermal conductivity and porosity of the mixture, thereby improving the strength and insulation effect of the casting materials for the inner and outer blades.

[0021] 2. In this application, polystyrene particles are combined with cement as the insulation layer material, which enables the insulation layer to have both good thermal insulation performance and lightweight effect. Adding appropriate amounts of carbon fiber and pre-prepared hydrated calcium silicate to the insulation layer raw materials fills the tiny pores between the polystyrene particles and the cement matrix, improving the later-stage strength and hardness of the insulation layer material, and enhancing the overall impermeability and strength of the insulation layer material. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0023] All raw materials used in the examples are commercially available. Example

[0024] Example 1 This embodiment provides a high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material, including an inner leaf panel, an outer leaf panel, and an insulation layer. Both the inner and outer leaf panels are cast using an anti-shrinkage mixture, which comprises the following raw materials by weight: 25 kg of expanded clay aggregate, 25 kg of cement, 15 kg of fine aggregate, 0.4 kg of air-entraining agent, 0.8 kg of water-reducing agent, 2 kg of hydroxyethyl-methylcellulose ether, 2 kg of mineral admixtures, and 4 kg of composite expansion agent. The expanded clay aggregate has an average particle size of 8 mm, the fine aggregate is natural river sand with an average particle size of 0.2 mm, the air-entraining agent is type AEA-1, the water-reducing agent is PCE-101, the mineral admixture is metakaolin, and the composite expansion agent is a compound of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide with a mass ratio of 1:1. The 7-day restricted expansion rate of the composite expansion agent mortar is 5.9 × 10⁻⁶. -4 .

[0025] The insulation layer comprises the following raw materials by weight: 25 kg cement, 15 kg polystyrene granules, and 7 kg carbon fiber; wherein the average particle size of the polystyrene granules is 3 mm, and the density is 13.8 kg / m³. 3 The average diameter of the carbon fiber is 7μm.

[0026] The preparation method of high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material includes the following specific steps: S1: Mix ceramsite, cement, fine aggregate, water-reducing agent, hydroxyethyl-methylcellulose ether, air-entraining agent, mineral admixture, and composite expansion agent, add water and mix to obtain an anti-shrinkage mixture; mix cement, polystyrene particles, and carbon fiber, add water and mix to obtain an insulation layer mixture.

[0027] S2: The anti-shrinkage mixture is poured into the mold to form the inner leaf plate and the outer leaf plate respectively. The protective layer mixture is poured into the mold to form the insulation layer. The inner leaf plate and the outer leaf plate are combined with the insulation layer. After curing and demolding, a high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material is obtained.

[0028] Example 2 The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the anti-shrinkage mixture includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 kg of ceramsite, 30 kg of cement, 10 kg of fine aggregate, 0.3 kg of air-entraining agent, 1 kg of water-reducing agent, 1 kg of hydroxyethyl-methylcellulose ether, 3 kg of mineral admixture, and 3 kg of composite expansion agent.

[0029] Example 3 The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that the anti-shrinkage mixture includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 kg of ceramsite, 20 kg of cement, 20 kg of fine aggregate, 0.5 kg of air-entraining agent, 0.5 kg of water-reducing agent, 3 kg of hydroxyethyl-methylcellulose ether, 1 kg of mineral admixture, and 5 kg of composite expansion agent.

[0030] Example 4 The difference between Example 4 and Example 1 is that the composite expanding agent is a complex of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide, with a mass ratio of calcium oxide to magnesium oxide of 1:1.3.

[0031] Example 5 The difference between Example 5 and Example 1 is that the insulation layer includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 kg of cement, 20 kg of polystyrene particles, and 5 kg of carbon fiber.

[0032] Example 6 The difference between Example 6 and Example 1 is that the insulation layer includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 kg of cement, 10 kg of polystyrene particles, and 8 kg of carbon fiber.

[0033] Example 7 The difference between Example 7 and Example 1 is that the insulation layer material also includes 7 kg of hydrated calcium silicate.

[0034] The preparation method of high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material includes the following specific steps: S1: Sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide are mixed, and water is added to prepare a sodium silicate solution with a concentration of 50 g / L. Calcium hydroxide is mixed with water to prepare a calcium hydroxide dispersion with a concentration of 150 g / L. The sodium silicate solution and the calcium hydroxide dispersion are mixed, with a mass ratio of sodium silicate to calcium hydroxide of 1.5:1. The mixture is heated to 90°C and reacted for 1 hour. After dehydration, washing, and drying, hydrated calcium silicate with a porosity of 94.1% is obtained.

[0035] S2: Mix ceramsite, cement, fine aggregate, water-reducing agent, hydroxyethyl-methylcellulose ether, air-entraining agent, mineral admixture, and composite expansion agent, add water and mix to obtain an anti-shrinkage mixture; mix cement, polystyrene particles, carbon fiber, and hydrated calcium silicate, add water and mix to obtain an insulation layer mixture.

[0036] S3: The anti-shrinkage mixture is poured into the mold to form the inner leaf plate and the outer leaf plate respectively. The protective layer mixture is poured into the mold to form the insulation layer. The inner leaf plate and the outer leaf plate are combined with the insulation layer. After curing and demolding, a high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material is obtained.

[0037] Example 8 The difference between Example 8 and Example 7 is that the amount of hydrated calcium silicate used in the insulation layer material is 5 kg.

[0038] Example 9 The difference between Example 9 and Example 7 is that the amount of hydrated calcium silicate used in the insulation layer material is 8 kg.

[0039] Example 10 The difference between Example 10 and Example 7 is that the mass ratio of sodium silicate to calcium hydroxide in the hydrated calcium silicate raw material is 2:1.

[0040] Comparative Example 1 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that hydroxyethyl-methylcellulose ether is not used in the anti-shrinkage mixture raw materials of the high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material.

[0041] Comparative Example 2 The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the anti-shrinkage mixture raw material in the high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material uses an equal amount of magnesium oxide instead of the composite expansion agent.

[0042] Performance testing The high-performance self-insulating exterior wall materials provided in Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2 of this application were subjected to the following performance tests, and the specific test results are shown in Table 1.

[0043] Detection methods I. Compressive strength and flexural strength In accordance with GB / T50081-2002 "Standard for Test Methods of Mechanical Properties of Ordinary Concrete", the high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material prepared in this application was subjected to 28-day compressive strength and flexural strength tests.

[0044] II. Thermal conductivity The thermal conductivity of the high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material prepared in this application was determined using a JTRG-1111 thermal conductivity meter.

[0045] III. Volumetric water absorption rate The volume water absorption rate of the high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material prepared in this application was determined using an ACS-15kg electronic weighing scale.

[0046] Table 1: Performance Test Results Data Table The performance test results show that, through the synergistic effect of its components, this application can maintain the exterior wall material within a suitable density range, improve its strength and toughness, and reduce the water absorption rate of concrete. A comparison of Comparative Examples 1-2 and Example 1 reveals that Comparative Example 1 did not use hydroxyethyl-methylcellulose ether, while Comparative Example 2 used an equal amount of magnesium oxide instead of the composite expanding agent. The performance test results show that the exterior wall material prepared in Comparative Example 1 had higher water absorption, easily leading to later shrinkage, while the exterior wall material prepared in Comparative Example 2 had reduced strength. This further demonstrates that this application reduces the water absorption of the exterior wall material through hydroxyethyl-methylcellulose ether, and the composite expanding agent composed of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide can better improve the strength and density of the exterior wall material than a single expanding agent.

[0047] As can be seen from Examples 7-10, adding an appropriate amount of pre-prepared hydrated calcium silicate to the insulation layer, as shown by the performance test results, fills the tiny pores between the polystyrene particles and the cement matrix with hydrated calcium silicate, further improving the compressive strength and flexural strength of the insulation layer material.

[0048] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material, characterized in that, It includes an inner blade plate, an outer blade plate, and an insulation layer. The casting material for both the inner and outer blade plates is an anti-shrinkage mixture. The anti-shrinkage mixture includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of ceramsite, 20-30 parts of cement, 10-20 parts of fine aggregate, 0.3-0.5 parts of air-entraining agent, 0.5-1 part of water-reducing agent, 1-3 parts of hydroxyethyl-methylcellulose ether, 1-3 parts of mineral admixture, and 3-5 parts of composite expansion agent.

2. The high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite expanding agent comprises a compound of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide, wherein the mass ratio of calcium oxide to magnesium oxide is 1:(1-1.3).

3. The high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mineral admixture is at least one of metakaolin, mineral powder, silica fume, and fly ash.

4. The high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts cement, 10-20 parts polystyrene particles, and 5-8 parts carbon fiber.

5. The high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material according to claim 4, characterized in that, The insulation layer material also includes 5-8 parts of hydrated calcium silicate.

6. The high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material according to claim 5, characterized in that, The porosity of the hydrated calcium silicate is 90-95%.

7. The high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method for preparing hydrated calcium silicate includes the following specific steps: mixing sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide to form a sodium silicate solution, preparing calcium hydroxide into a dispersion, mixing the sodium silicate solution and the calcium hydroxide dispersion, heating and reacting, and then dehydrating, washing, and drying to obtain hydrated calcium silicate.

8. The high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mass ratio of sodium silicate to calcium hydroxide is (1.5-2):

1.

9. The high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material according to claim 7, characterized in that, The heating temperature is 85-95℃.

10. A method for preparing a high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The specific steps include: mixing ceramsite, cement, fine aggregate, water-reducing agent, hydroxyethyl-methylcellulose ether, air-entraining agent, mineral admixture, and composite expansion agent to obtain an anti-shrinkage mixture; casting the anti-shrinkage mixture separately to form inner leaf plates and outer leaf plates; bonding the inner leaf plates and outer leaf plates with an insulation layer; and obtaining a high-performance self-insulating exterior wall material after curing and demolding.

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