Installation process of out-of-plane inclined open arch

Abstract

The invention discloses an out-of-plane inclined open arch installation technology which comprises the following steps that S1, supporting structures are arranged on the two sides of a segmented connector of an open arch correspondingly, and the upper ends of the two supporting structures are connected into a whole through an installation steel plate; a pressure reducing device is fixedly mounted on the steel plate in the supporting structure area; s2, the open arch is hoisted in a segmented mode, after the open arch to be installed is positioned and the elevation is measured to be qualified, the negative difference pipe and a bottom plate of the open arch to be installed are welded, and butt joint openings of the open arch are welded; the steps are repeated until the open arch is installed; and S3, the upper supporting structure is installed, and after the upper supporting structure is installed and an overall stable structure is formed, the supporting structure and the pressure reducing device are dismantled. The pressure reducing device is arranged on the supporting structure, so that the counter force of the support in construction can be effectively reduced, the load of the open arch and the upward supporting structure is dispersed, the deformation of the open arch is minimum, the installation of the arch structure, the reinforcing steel bars and the formwork is not affected, and structural instability and safety accidents in a traditional installation method are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of steel structure construction, and in particular to an out-of-plane inclined open arch installation process. Background Technology

[0002] The main entrances of places with high population density and traffic flow, such as opera houses, convention centers, and art centers, are designed with magnificent shapes and spans of up to hundreds of meters. The design elements of large-span structures are increasingly being used in engineering design. In order to meet the needs of main entrance use and design, arch structures are widely used at the main entrances of structures.

[0003] For example, the existing Chinese invention patent with application number CN202411361266.9 discloses a construction method for a large-span rigid entrance porch, including the following steps: Step 1: Porch design; Step 2: Arch foot construction; Step 3: Arch column installation: 3.1, Segmentation and ground assembly: The arch column is segmented; adjacent arch column segments are assembled in pairs on the ground to form a larger hoisting unit; 3.2, High-altitude positioning: The arch column is hoisted from both sides to the middle step by step according to the hoisting segments, and the spatial positioning is adjusted; 3.3, Surveying: The arch column position is accurately adjusted and positioned by high-altitude hoisting, the coordinates of the arch column pipe openings are measured, and the real-time height difference of the arch column is checked to determine whether the arch column has been adjusted to the position; 3.4, High-altitude fixing: After the adjacent hoisting segments are fixed, the connecting beams and tie rods at each arch column segment are hoisted and fixed; Step 4: Arch column unloading; Step 5: Canopy system hoisting; Step 6: Canopy unloading. The method described in this application facilitates the control of the installation accuracy of the arch columns, improves the ease of installation, and ensures the safety and efficiency of construction.

[0004] Chinese utility model patent application number CN202322587326.6 discloses a support system for segmented construction of steel structure arch frames, including multiple arch rib assembly supports. Each arch rib assembly support consists of four steel pipe columns, which are reinforced and connected by horizontal welded pipes. The welded pipe at the top of the rib assembly support serves as a construction platform for welding the main arch segment connection joints. This invention, by employing the above structure, solves the problems of difficulty in personnel movement between supports and insufficient overall stability of the support system in existing technologies.

[0005] The arch installation scheme described above is only applicable to single-arch structures. In this project, the arch structure not only serves as the main entrance, but also includes columns, beams, and an outer concrete structure on its upper part, forming a superstructure support system together with the beams and columns. To ensure uniform force transmission, the arch bears the main load. If the traditional support structure is used to install the arch, the following problems exist: 1. The support structure needs to bear the self-weight of the arch, its columns, beams, and concrete structure, requiring a very large bearing capacity. This means that the cross-section of the support structure needs to be increased to ensure the bearing requirements, resulting in high construction costs. Furthermore, large-section support structures are not conducive to on-site construction. 2. Due to the excessive reaction force of the support structure, the foundation bearing capacity is insufficient, requiring an increase in the thickness of the concrete raft foundation or the installation of an enlarged foundation, which increases construction difficulty or cost. Otherwise, structural instability and safety accidents may occur. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the above problems, this invention provides an open arch installation process that is simple in structure, low in cost, and easy to operate.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention discloses an out-of-plane inclined opening arch installation process, comprising the following steps: S1: Support structures are set on both sides of the segment interface of the open arch, and the upper ends of the two support structures are connected as one unit by a mounting steel plate; a pressure reducing device is fixedly installed on the mounting steel plate in the area of ​​the support structure, and a transfer beam is provided on the pressure reducing device, and a negative differential pipe is provided on the transfer beam. S2: Segmented hoisting of the open arch. After positioning the open arch to be installed and measuring its elevation to be qualified, weld and fix the embedded plate set on the top of the differential pipe to the bottom plate of the open arch to be installed, and perform butt welding of the open arch; repeat the above steps until the open arch is installed. S3: Install the upper support structure of the open arch. After the upper support structure is fully installed and a stable overall structure is formed, remove the support structure and pressure relief device.

[0008] The present invention discloses an outward-facing inclined open arch installation process. Further, the pressure-reducing device includes a positioning steel rod installed on the mounting steel plate and a spring sleeved on the positioning steel rod. The bottom of the conversion beam is provided with a built-in groove. One end of the positioning steel rod and the spring are inserted into the built-in groove, and there is a deformation space between the positioning steel rod and the bottom of the built-in groove. The spring abuts against the bottom of the built-in groove.

[0009] The present invention provides an outward-sloping open arch installation process. Further, before hoisting the open arch, operating platforms are installed on both sides of the conversion beam, and a gap is provided between the operating platforms for the open arch to pass through.

[0010] The present invention provides an outward-facing inclined open arch installation process. Furthermore, when there is a basement under the supporting structure, a back-roof structure is installed in the basement, and the back-roof structure is coaxially arranged with the supporting structure.

[0011] The present invention provides an outward-facing inclined open arch installation process, further comprising providing reinforcing ribs in the corresponding built-in groove area within the transfer beam.

[0012] The present invention provides an outward-facing inclined opening arch installation process, wherein the deformation space is 3-5mm.

[0013] The present invention provides an out-of-plane inclined open arch installation process, further comprising the provision of multiple sets of pressure-reducing devices on each of the supporting structures, the multiple sets of pressure-reducing devices being arranged in a row, and each set of pressure-reducing devices being spaced out.

[0014] The present invention discloses an out-of-plane inclined open arch installation process. Further, in step 2, a connecting plate is symmetrically installed at the ends of the top and bottom plates of the installed and the open arch to be installed. The connecting plates are connected by shackles and hand-operated hoists. When the open arch to be installed is hoisted to the vicinity of the installation position, the distance of the hand-operated hoist is manually adjusted. The position of the open arch to be installed is precisely adjusted in conjunction with a total station. After the open arch is installed in place, the interface welding work is carried out.

[0015] The present invention discloses an outward-sloping open arch installation process. Further, four ropes are used to hoist the open arch to be installed. One rope is of fixed length, and the other three ropes are equipped with hand-operated hoists. After the open arch to be installed is hoisted away from the assembly jig, the three variable-length ropes are adjusted to the designed length, so that the open arch to be installed can be adjusted and positioned in the air. The open arch to be installed is then gradually hoisted to the installation position.

[0016] This invention discloses an outward-facing inclined open arch installation process. Further, a vertical steel plate is installed on the differential pressure pipe, and a horizontally positioned embedded plate is fixed to the vertical steel plate. Double vertical plates are fixed to the bottom of the open arch, and the embedded plate is welded to the double vertical plates. When pouring concrete outside the open arch, external longitudinal reinforcement is first installed on the open arch, passing through the embedded plate and being tied and fixed. Then, stirrups are arranged, and circumferential wooden formwork is installed. The embedded plate corresponding to each differential pressure pipe position also serves as a node formwork. The embedded plate is connected to the wooden formwork on both sides to form a whole. After the open arch welds have undergone non-destructive testing, the upper support structure, i.e., beams and columns, is installed. Finally, the reinforcement and formwork of the open arch and upper support structure are installed, and concrete is poured. After the entire upper support structure is installed and a stable overall structure is formed, the supporting structure and pressure-reducing device are removed.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This application can effectively reduce the support reaction force during construction by setting a pressure-reducing device on the supporting structure, and disperse the load of the open arch and the upper supporting structure, so that the deformation of the open arch is minimized and the installation of the arch structure is not affected. This avoids the structural instability and safety accidents that may occur in traditional installation methods; it effectively solves the problems of high cost and large number of supports in traditional methods. 2. This application, through precise calculation and design, ensures the rational arrangement and stress state of the support structure, thereby improving the quality and stability of the entire installation process; 3. The design of the support structure and operating platform significantly reduces construction difficulty, improves installation efficiency and accuracy, and shortens the construction cycle; 4. The connecting plates at the ends of the top and bottom plates of the open arch are finely adjusted using a hand lever hoist, ensuring precise alignment between the open arch to be installed and the already installed arch, saving installation time; 5. In this application, the supporting structure bears the entire load of the open arch and the upper support structure, and can effectively transfer the load downward. The pressure relief device effectively reduces the support reaction force during construction and disperses the load of the open arch and the upper support structure. The steel bar setting constrains the lateral displacement of the upper structure and prevents overturning during installation. This supporting structure has high safety performance, and can reduce construction costs and save human resources. 6. This application uses four ropes to adjust the high-altitude shape of the opening arch, then uses steel wire ropes to pull the opening arch to be installed, so that the opening arch to be installed can be quickly connected. Then, the opening arch is precisely adjusted by combining a hand lever hoist and a total station, so that the opening arch to be installed can be accurately connected at high altitude, thus improving construction efficiency.

[0018] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the operating platform of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rapid placement of the open arch according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the open arch template of the present invention.

[0020] Figure label: 1. Opening arch; 2. Support structure; 3. Pressure relief device; 3.1. Spring; 3.2. Positioning steel bar; 3.3. Reinforcing rib plate; 4. Upper support structure; 5. Mounting steel plate; 6. Transfer beam; 7. Negative differential pipe; 8. Backing structure; 9. Operating platform; 10. Connecting plate; 11. Hand lever hoist; 12. Embedded plate; 13. Template; 14. Vertical steel plate; 15. Double vertical plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this invention discloses an out-of-plane inclined opening arch installation process, including the following steps: S1: 3D modeling was carried out using the integration of Tekla software and CAD technology to construct a 3D model including the open arch, supporting structure, pressure relief device, and upper support structure. MidasGen software was used to perform stress analysis on the supporting structure of the open arch and to verify the punching shear performance of the foundation plate and the bearing capacity of the foundation to determine the basic parameters of the supporting structure, such as size and height.

[0022] The open arch is divided into multiple sections, and the construction is carried out by installing the sections from both ends of the open arch towards the middle in a high-altitude manner. The theodolite is used to mark and position the embedded parts of the supporting structure. During the process of tying the reinforcing steel bars of the floor slab at the positive and negative levels, the embedded parts are pre-installed before the floor slab concrete is poured.

[0023] Support structures are set on both sides of the segmented interface of the open arch. In this embodiment, the support structure is a support pipe. The lower end of the support pipe is fixedly connected to the embedded part. The upper ends of the two support structures are connected as one unit by the installation steel plate. A pressure reducing device is fixedly installed on the installation steel plate in the area of ​​the support structure. A conversion beam is provided on the pressure reducing device. A negative differential pipe is fixed on the conversion beam. A vertical steel plate is fixed on the upper part of the negative differential pipe.

[0024] The pressure relief device includes a positioning steel bar fixedly installed on the mounting steel plate and a spring sleeved on the positioning steel bar. The bottom of the conversion beam is provided with a built-in groove. One end of the positioning steel bar and the spring are inserted into the built-in groove, and there is a deformation space between the positioning steel bar and the bottom of the built-in groove. The spring rests against the bottom of the built-in groove.

[0025] Each support structure is equipped with two sets of pressure-reducing devices, with four devices evenly spaced in each set. The deformation space is 3-5mm. Reinforcing ribs are installed in the corresponding built-in groove area inside the transfer beam. Through the above settings, the support reaction force of the support structure can be reduced on the one hand, and the installation accuracy of the open arch can be guaranteed on the other hand, so as to avoid excessive deformation.

[0026] S2: Since the support structure under the opening arch can only be dismantled after the overall structure construction is completed, the setting of the support structure affects the erection of the outer formwork of the opening arch and the concrete pouring. To address the above issues, this application uses cranes to hoist the opening arch from both ends to the middle in sections at high altitude. After the opening arch to be installed is positioned and measured with a total station and meets the requirements, the embedded plate on the vertical steel plate of the differential pipe is welded to the double vertical plate on the bottom plate of the opening arch, and the opening arch interface welding is performed. The above steps are repeated until the opening arch is installed.

[0027] S3: For the open arch, the external longitudinal reinforcement is installed. The longitudinal reinforcement passes through the inside of the embedded plate and is tied and fixed. Then the stirrups are arranged, and the circumferential wooden formwork is installed. The embedded plate corresponding to each negative differential pipe position also serves as the node formwork. The embedded plate is connected to the wooden formwork on both sides to form a whole.

[0028] S4: After the non-destructive testing of the weld seam of the open arch is completed, the upper support structure, i.e., the beams and columns, will be installed. Finally, the steel bars and formwork of the open arch and upper support structure will be installed, and concrete will be poured. After the upper support structure is fully installed and a stable overall structure is formed, the support structure and pressure relief device will be removed.

[0029] Furthermore, before hoisting the open arch, operating platforms are installed on both sides of the transfer beam. These platforms are fixedly connected to the transfer beam, and a notch is provided between the two platforms to allow the open arch to pass through. Construction workers can then position and weld the open arch from the operating platforms, making installation more convenient, significantly improving efficiency, and enhancing safety.

[0030] Reinforcing ribs are installed in the corresponding built-in groove area of ​​the transfer beam to improve its load-bearing capacity.

[0031] When there is a basement under the supporting structure, a backfill structure is set in the basement. The backfill structure is set coaxially with the supporting structure. The backfill structure can transfer the reaction force of the supporting structure to the raft foundation of the basement, and finally to the foundation.

[0032] Furthermore, since the open arch is an arc-shaped structure, its high-altitude alignment is difficult and requires repeated adjustments to achieve the docking of the open arch, resulting in low installation efficiency. To address the above issues, this application designs a connecting plate symmetrically at the upper and lower ends of the installed and uninstalled open arches during the 3D modeling stage. The connecting plate on one side is connected by a shackle and a hand-operated hoist. When the open arch is in place, the hand-operated hoist is manually adjusted to further refine the installation position of the open arch to be installed.

[0033] When hoisting the arch to be installed, four ropes are used. One rope is of fixed length, and the other three ropes are variable length ropes connected to a hand-operated hoist. After the arch is lifted off the assembly jig, the three variable length ropes are adjusted to their designed lengths to allow the arch to be positioned at high altitude. The arch is then gradually hoisted closer to the installation position, and the wire ropes are connected to the connecting plate. The position of the arch is precisely adjusted using a hand-operated hoist and a total station. After the arch is in place, the joint welding is performed.

[0034] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for installing an outward-facing inclined open arch, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Support structures are set on both sides of the segment interface of the open arch, and the upper ends of the two support structures are connected as one unit by a mounting steel plate; a pressure reducing device is fixedly installed on the mounting steel plate in the area of ​​the support structure, and a transfer beam is provided on the pressure reducing device, and a negative differential pipe is provided on the transfer beam. S2: Segmented hoisting of the open arch. After positioning the open arch to be installed and measuring its elevation to be qualified, weld and fix the embedded plate set on the top of the differential pipe to the bottom plate of the open arch to be installed, and perform butt welding of the open arch; repeat the above steps until the open arch is installed. S3: Install the upper support structure of the open arch. After the upper support structure is fully installed and a stable overall structure is formed, remove the support structure and pressure relief device.

2. The installation process of an out-of-plane inclined opening arch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure relief device includes a positioning steel bar installed on the mounting steel plate and a spring sleeved on the positioning steel bar. The bottom of the conversion beam is provided with a built-in groove. One end of the positioning steel bar and the spring are inserted into the built-in groove, and there is a deformation space between the positioning steel bar and the bottom of the built-in groove. The spring abuts against the bottom of the built-in groove.

3. The installation process of an out-of-plane inclined opening arch according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before hoisting the open arch, operating platforms are installed on both sides of the transfer beam, with a gap between the operating platforms for the open arch to pass through.

4. The installation process of an out-of-plane inclined opening arch according to claim 1, characterized in that, When there is a basement below the supporting structure, a backrest structure is installed in the basement, and the backrest structure is coaxial with the supporting structure.

5. The installation process of an out-of-plane inclined opening arch according to claim 1, characterized in that, Reinforcing ribs are installed in the corresponding built-in groove area inside the transfer beam.

6. The installation process of an out-of-plane inclined opening arch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deformation space is 3-5mm.

7. The installation process of an out-of-plane inclined opening arch according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple pressure-reducing devices are provided on each of the aforementioned support structures, arranged in rows, with each group of pressure-reducing devices having multiple devices spaced apart.

8. The installation process of an out-of-plane inclined opening arch according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting plate is symmetrically installed at the ends of the top and bottom plates of the installed and the opening arch to be installed. The connecting plates are connected by shackles and hand-operated hoists. When the opening arch to be installed is hoisted to the installation position, the distance of the hand-operated hoist is manually adjusted. The position of the opening arch to be installed is precisely adjusted with the help of a total station. After the opening arch is installed in place, the interface welding work is carried out.

9. The installation process of an out-of-plane inclined opening arch according to claim 8, characterized in that, Four ropes are used to hoist the arch to be installed. One rope is of fixed length, and the other three ropes are equipped with hand-operated hoists. After the arch is hoisted off the assembly jig, the three variable-length ropes are adjusted to the designed length to allow the arch to be positioned in a high-altitude configuration. The arch is then gradually hoisted to the installation position.

10. The installation process of an out-of-plane inclined opening arch according to claim 1, characterized in that, Vertical steel plates are installed on the differential tubes, and horizontally embedded plates are fixed on the vertical steel plates. Double vertical plates are fixed at the bottom of the opening arch, and the embedded plates are welded to the double vertical plates. When pouring concrete outside the opening arch, the external longitudinal reinforcement is first installed in the opening arch. The longitudinal reinforcement passes through the inside of the embedded plates and is tied and fixed. Then the stirrups are arranged, and the circumferential wooden formwork is installed. The embedded plates corresponding to the positions of each differential tube also serve as node formwork. The embedded plates are connected to the wooden formwork on both sides to form a whole. After the weld of the opening arch is inspected by non-destructive testing, the upper support structure, i.e., the beams and columns, is installed. Finally, the reinforcement and formwork of the opening arch and the upper support structure are installed, and concrete is poured. After the upper support structure is fully installed and a stable overall structure is formed, the supporting structure and pressure relief device are removed.

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