System, method, device and equipment for controlling blades of wind generating set

Abstract

The invention provides a blade control system, method, device and equipment for a wind generating set. Relates to the technical field of wind power generation, the system comprises a blade body, a data acquisition device, a controller and a sectional type driving mechanism, the blade body comprises a plurality of blade partitions, the data acquisition device is used for acquiring state data of the blade partitions, and the controller is connected with the data acquisition device and the sectional type driving mechanism. The control module is used for generating a control instruction comprising at least one blade partition target windward angle according to the state data, and the sectional type driving mechanism is independently configured corresponding to each blade partition and used for adjusting the current windward angle of the target blade partition to the target windward angle according to the control instruction. The system is used for achieving precise adaptation to complex dynamic wind field changes through the synergistic effect of blade partition design, multi-dimensional data collection and sectional type independent driving, and the wind energy capture efficiency and the power generation efficiency are effectively improved while the blade operation stability is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wind power generation technology, and in particular to a wind turbine blade control system, method, device and equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Wind turbine generators, as crucial equipment in the new energy field, are widely used in diverse wind farm scenarios, including onshore and offshore. The blades, as the core component of the turbine that captures wind energy and converts it into electricity, directly determine wind energy utilization efficiency, turbine operational safety, and total lifecycle maintenance costs through their aerodynamic performance and adjustment flexibility. As wind power generation expands into low-wind-speed areas, deep-sea regions, and typhoon-prone areas, the complex environments characterized by large wind speed fluctuations, strong turbulence, and numerous extreme operating conditions place higher demands on the dynamic adaptability of the blades.

[0003] In related technologies, existing wind turbine generators generally use rigid blades. However, in actual operating conditions, wind speed and direction are constantly changing, and rigid blades cannot adapt well to different wind speeds and directions.

[0004] As can be seen from the above, rigid blades have poor dynamic adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a wind turbine blade control system, method, device, and equipment to adapt to dynamic changes in wind speed and direction, significantly improving the dynamic adaptability of the blades.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a wind turbine blade control system, comprising: a blade body, a data acquisition device, a controller, and a segmented drive mechanism, wherein the blade body comprises multiple blade sections;

[0007] The data acquisition device is used to acquire the status data of the multiple blade partitions;

[0008] The controller is connected to the data acquisition device and the segmented drive mechanism respectively, and is used to generate control commands based on the status data of the multiple blade sections; the control commands include the target windward angle of at least one blade section;

[0009] The segmented drive mechanism is used to adjust the current windward angle of at least one blade section to the target windward angle according to the control command.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the data acquisition device includes an anemometer and a fiber Bragg grating sensor and a vibration sensor disposed in each blade section; acquiring the status data of the plurality of blade sections includes:

[0011] The anemometer collects environmental wind speed and wind direction parameters.

[0012] For any blade section, the strain and temperature parameters of the blade section are obtained by a fiber optic grating sensor, and the vibration parameters of the blade section are obtained by a vibration sensor.

[0013] The state data includes the environmental wind speed parameter, the wind direction parameter, the strain parameter of multiple blade zones, the temperature parameter, and the vibration parameter.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the segmented drive mechanism includes multiple drive mechanisms corresponding to different blade sections, and each drive mechanism includes an electric actuator, a drive arm, and a connecting node.

[0015] For any blade section, the connection node is fixed to the shape memory alloy skeleton in the blade section, and the electric drive actuator is detachably connected to the connection node through the drive arm;

[0016] The step of adjusting the current windward angle of at least one blade section to the target windward angle according to the control command includes:

[0017] For any target blade section, according to the control command, the electric actuator corresponding to the target blade section is controlled to output the target torque, which is transmitted to the connection node through the drive arm, causing the shape memory alloy skeleton to deform, so as to adjust the current windward angle to the target windward angle.

[0018] In one possible implementation, generating control commands based on the status data of the plurality of blade partitions includes:

[0019] Based on the environmental wind speed and wind direction parameters, the wind speed and wind direction in the future are predicted using the wind speed prediction model.

[0020] The predicted wind speed, predicted wind direction, strain parameters, temperature parameters, and vibration parameters of the multiple blade sections are processed by the blade angle adjustment algorithm to determine the target windward angle of at least one blade section.

[0021] The control command is generated based on the target windward angle of the at least one blade section.

[0022] In one possible implementation, each blade section is further provided with an electric heating device, which is connected to the shape memory alloy skeleton and is used to heat the shape memory alloy skeleton when the shape memory alloy skeleton deviates from the initial shape due to deformation, so that the shape memory alloy skeleton returns to the initial shape.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the fiber optic grating sensor is further configured to acquire strain parameters of the shape memory alloy skeleton in the blade partition after deformation, and send the strain parameters to the controller;

[0024] The controller is also configured to determine the operating state of the blade partition based on the strain parameters, the operating state including normal deformation state or over-deformation risk state.

[0025] Secondly, this application provides a wind turbine blade control method, applied to a controller in the wind turbine blade control system according to any one of the first aspects, the method comprising:

[0026] Acquire status data of multiple blade partitions sent by the data acquisition device;

[0027] Based on the status data of the multiple blade sections, control commands are generated to control the segmented drive mechanism to adjust the current windward angle of at least one blade section to the target windward angle according to the control commands. The control commands include the target windward angle of at least one blade section.

[0028] Thirdly, this application provides a wind turbine blade control device, comprising:

[0029] The acquisition module is used to acquire status data of multiple blade partitions sent by the data acquisition device;

[0030] The processing module is used to generate control commands based on the status data of the multiple blade sections, so as to control the segmented drive mechanism to adjust the current windward angle of at least one blade section to the target windward angle according to the control commands, wherein the control commands include the target windward angle of at least one blade section.

[0031] Fourthly, this application provides a controller, including: a memory and a processor;

[0032] The memory stores computer-executed instructions;

[0033] The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the processor to perform the method as described in the second aspect.

[0034] Fifthly, this application provides a wind turbine generator set, including a wind turbine generator set blade control system as described in any of the first aspects, or a controller as described in the fourth aspect.

[0035] In a sixth aspect, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method described in the second aspect above.

[0036] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in the second aspect above.

[0037] This application provides a wind turbine blade control system, method, apparatus, and equipment. The wind turbine blade control system includes a blade body, a data acquisition device, a controller, and a segmented drive mechanism. The blade body includes multiple blade sections. The data acquisition device acquires status data from the multiple blade sections. The controller is connected to both the data acquisition device and the segmented drive mechanism, and generates control commands based on the status data of the multiple blade sections, including a target windward angle for at least one blade section. The segmented drive mechanism is independently configured for each blade section and adjusts the current windward angle of the target blade section to the target windward angle according to the control commands. In this wind turbine blade control system, the core architecture of blade section design, segmented independent drive, and multi-dimensional data feedback enables adaptation to dynamic changes in wind speed and direction, significantly improving the dynamic adaptability of the blade. This achieves synergistic optimization of blade operational stability and power generation efficiency under dynamic wind fields, effectively improving the overall operational reliability of the wind turbine. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the application scenarios provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first embodiment of the wind turbine blade control system provided in this application;

[0041] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the drive mechanism provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the wind turbine blade control system provided in this application;

[0043] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the installation location of the electric heating device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 6A schematic flowchart of the wind turbine blade control method provided in this application embodiment;

[0045] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the wind turbine blade control principle provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the wind turbine blade control device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the controller provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0048] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0049] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0050] As a core piece of equipment in the new energy field, wind turbine generators have been widely used in diverse wind farm scenarios, including onshore and offshore. The blades, as key components for capturing wind energy and converting it into electricity, directly determine wind energy utilization efficiency, generator operational safety, and total lifecycle maintenance costs through their aerodynamic performance and adjustment flexibility. As wind power generation continues to expand into low-wind-speed areas, deep-sea areas, and typhoon-prone regions, the complex environments characterized by large wind speed fluctuations, strong turbulence, and numerous extreme operating conditions place increasingly stringent demands on the dynamic adaptability of the blades.

[0051] In related technologies, wind turbine generators generally adopt a rigid blade design. Since wind speed and direction are constantly changing in real time under actual operating conditions, the fixed aerodynamic shape of rigid blades cannot achieve flexible adaptation. In low wind speed scenarios, the fixed aerodynamic shape will lead to insufficient wind-catching area and lift, resulting in a significant decrease in wind energy utilization efficiency. In high wind speed, strong turbulence, or typhoon conditions, the blades cannot buffer wind loads through attitude adjustment, which can easily lead to a sudden increase in load. This can not only cause safety risks such as blade breakage and emergency shutdown of the unit, but also reduce power generation stability due to frequent start-stop operations.

[0052] As can be seen from the above, the fixed structure and aerodynamic characteristics of rigid blades make it impossible to balance the dual requirements of "efficient wind capture at low wind speeds" and "safe operation at high wind speeds", resulting in poor dynamic adaptability.

[0053] To address the aforementioned issues, the inventors considered the collaborative mechanism of their blade partition design and segmented independent adjustment, combined with multi-dimensional state data acquisition, to achieve precise adaptive adjustment of the blade's aerodynamic shape, thereby improving the blade's dynamic adaptability. Based on this, after numerous experiments, the inventors discovered that the blade body can be divided into multiple independent blade partitions. By acquiring state data such as strain, temperature, and vibration of each partition, as well as real-time wind condition parameters, through a data acquisition device, the controller can generate control commands including a target windward angle. Then, a segmented drive mechanism specifically drives the corresponding blade partition to deform, thereby adjusting the current windward angle of the blade partition to the target windward angle, achieving dynamic adaptation to different wind conditions. Based on this, this application proposes a wind turbine blade control system to improve the blade's adaptability to dynamic changes in wind speed and direction, balancing wind energy capture efficiency and unit operational safety while extending blade lifespan.

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario provided in an embodiment of this application. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 The wind turbine blade control system 10 includes a controller 11 and a blade body 12. The blade body 12 includes a leading edge 121, at least one mid-section 122, and a trailing edge 123. The controller 11 can independently adjust the angle of attack (also known as the angle of attack) of the leading edge 121, at least one mid-section 122, and trailing edge 123.

[0055] For example, if the blade body 12 only includes three blade sections: the leading edge 121, the middle section 122, and the trailing edge 123, under the current real-time wind speed of 4 m / s, in order to maximize wind energy capture efficiency and suppress airflow separation, the controller 11 can independently adjust the windward angle of the three sections, adjusting the windward angle of the leading edge 121 to 10°, the windward angle of the middle section 122 to 18°, and the windward angle of the trailing edge 123 to 15°.

[0056] The technical solution of this application and how it solves the above-mentioned technical problems will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wind turbine blade control system according to a first embodiment of this application. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 The wind turbine blade control system 20 includes: a blade body 21, a data acquisition device 22, a controller 23, and a segmented drive mechanism 24. The blade body 21 includes multiple blade sections, each section exhibiting a decreasing stiffness gradient along the blade trailing edge to the blade leading edge. The blade body is a composite structure composed of a carbon fiber matrix and a shape memory alloy (SMA) skeleton.

[0058] The data acquisition device 22 is used to acquire status data of multiple blade partitions.

[0059] For ease of understanding, the following text will use the example of the blade body 21 comprising three blade sections as an illustration. The three blade sections are blade section 1 (i.e., the leading edge of the blade), blade section 2 (i.e., the middle section of the blade), and blade section 3 (i.e., the trailing edge of the blade).

[0060] In one alternative implementation, the data acquisition device may include an anemometer, as well as fiber optic grating sensors and vibration sensors disposed in each blade section.

[0061] Environmental wind speed and direction parameters can be collected using an anemometer;

[0062] It should be understood that the above-mentioned environmental wind speed and wind direction parameters can be macroscopic wind field data for the wind field where the wind turbine is located as a whole, rather than local wind field data corresponding to each section of the blade.

[0063] In one specific implementation, the anemometer is usually installed at a location far away from blade wake and tower shadow interference, such as the top of the nacelle. The environmental wind speed parameters it collects mainly reflect macroscopic indicators such as the average wind speed and wind speed fluctuation amplitude in the overall rotation area of ​​the blades. The wind direction parameters mainly reflect global information such as the direction of the wind flow relative to the overall orientation of the unit nacelle and the wind direction deflection angle, which are used to characterize the overall environmental characteristics of the wind field where the unit is located.

[0064] Optionally, the environmental wind speed and direction parameters include real-time data collected at the current moment, as well as continuous time-series data within a preset historical period (such as the last 10 minutes). The current moment data consists of real-time environmental wind speed parameters (e.g., 4 m / s) and wind direction parameters (at a 30° angle with the nacelle's centerline) captured by the anemometer, reflecting the immediate state of the wind field. Historical data is collected and stored at fixed sampling intervals, forming multiple sets of continuous time-series data to fully record the wind field's changes.

[0065] For any blade section, the strain and temperature parameters of that blade section can be obtained through a fiber optic grating sensor, and the vibration parameters of that blade section can be obtained through a vibration sensor.

[0066] Strain parameters refer to the increase in deformation per unit length of a blade section when the material undergoes tensile, compressive, or bending deformation under wind load. Quantitatively, it is characterized as micro-strain, with the symbol... This parameter directly reflects the real-time stress state of the blade zone.

[0067] The temperature parameter refers to the real-time body temperature of the blade section under the combined effects of ambient temperature, sunlight exposure, heat generated by material deformation, and operational friction. It is quantified in degrees Celsius (°C) and directly reflects the thermal environment state of the blade section.

[0068] Vibration parameters refer to the vibration state quantities generated by the blade section under the influence of factors such as wind turbulence, airflow separation, structural resonance, or the operation of the drive mechanism. Quantitatively, they are represented by the effective value of vibration velocity, denoted by mm / s. This parameter directly reflects the aerodynamic stability and structural operating state of the blade section.

[0069] For example, for blade section 1, the strain parameter 1 and temperature parameter 1 of blade section 1 can be obtained through the fiber optic grating sensor 1 set in blade section 1, and the vibration parameter 1 of blade section 1 can be obtained through the vibration sensor 1. The strain parameter 1 can be 350. Temperature parameter 1 can be 28℃, and vibration parameter 1 can be 1.8mm / s.

[0070] Furthermore, it can be determined that the state data includes environmental wind speed parameters, wind direction parameters, strain parameters of multiple blade zones, temperature parameters, and vibration parameters.

[0071] The controller 23 is connected to the data acquisition device 22 and the segmented drive mechanism 24 respectively, and is used to generate control commands based on the status data of multiple blade sections; the control commands include the target windward angle of at least one blade section.

[0072] In one alternative implementation, a wind speed prediction model can be used to predict wind speed and wind direction for a future period based on environmental wind speed and wind direction parameters; a blade angle adjustment algorithm can be used to process the predicted wind speed, predicted wind direction, and strain, temperature, and vibration parameters of multiple blade sections to determine the target windward angle of at least one blade section; and control commands can be generated based on the target windward angle of at least one blade section.

[0073] Specifically, wind speed prediction models can employ Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTM). As an optimized variant of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), this model possesses powerful time-series data modeling and trend prediction capabilities, and can accurately uncover the intrinsic patterns of wind speed and direction changes over time.

[0074] For example, the anemometer has acquired the current environmental wind speed parameter of 4 m / s and the wind direction parameter at a 30° angle to the nacelle's centerline, as well as 60 sets of continuous time-series data stored at 5-second sampling intervals over a preset 5-minute period. The historical wind speed parameter ranges from 3.8 to 4.2 m / s, showing a slight upward trend with fluctuations, while the historical wind direction parameter deflection angle ranges from 28° to 32°, without significant abrupt changes. The LSTM wind speed prediction model can be used to predict the wind speed for the next 3 minutes as 4.3 m / s and the wind direction at a 29° angle to the nacelle's centerline.

[0075] Specifically, the blade angle adjustment algorithm can adopt the PID real-time adjustment algorithm. This algorithm can work in concert through the three links of proportional (P), integral (I), and derivative (D), and integrate the prediction results of the LSTM wind speed prediction model, as well as the strain parameters, temperature parameters, and vibration parameters of multiple blade zones. It can achieve accurate calculation of the windward angle of the zone and determine the target windward angle of at least one blade zone.

[0076] Furthermore, the controller can generate control commands based on the target windward angle of at least one blade section.

[0077] For example, the LSTM wind speed prediction model predicts a 3-minute wind speed of 4.3 m / s, a predicted wind direction at a 29° angle to the nacelle centerline, and a strain parameter of 350 for blade section 1. Temperature parameter: 28℃; vibration parameter: 1.8 mm / s; strain parameter for blade section 2: 420. Temperature parameter 27℃, vibration parameter 2.1mm / s, strain parameter of blade section 3 280 The temperature parameter is 26℃, and the vibration parameter is 1.5mm / s. After fusing and calculating the above multi-dimensional data, the PID real-time control algorithm can calculate the target windward angle of each blade section, and the controller generates control commands accordingly. For example, the control commands may include a target windward angle of 10° for blade section 1, 18° for blade section 2, and 14° for blade section 3.

[0078] The segmented drive mechanism 24 is used to adjust the current windward angle of at least one blade section to the target windward angle according to control commands.

[0079] Specifically, the segmented drive mechanism 24 may include multiple drive mechanisms corresponding to different blade sections, and the drive mechanism includes an electric actuator, a drive arm, and a connecting node.

[0080] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the drive mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application. Please refer to... Figure 3 Taking blade section 1 as an example, the connecting node 31 is fixed to the SMA frame 32 in blade section 1, and the electric actuator 33 is detachably connected to the connecting node 31 through the driving arm 34. The corresponding driving mechanisms of other blade sections have the same structure as the driving mechanism of blade section 1, adopting the adaptation form of "connecting node, SMA frame, driving arm, electric actuator". They only need to be adapted to the installation position and size parameters of the shape memory alloy SMA frame of each section. Moreover, the driving mechanisms of each section are configured independently and do not interfere with each other. They can respond to the control commands issued by the controller and realize the independent windward angle adjustment of different blade sections.

[0081] In one specific implementation, for any target blade section, according to the control command, the electric actuator corresponding to the target blade section can be controlled to output the target torque, and transmitted to the connection node through the drive arm, causing the SMA frame to deform, so as to adjust the current windward angle to the target windward angle.

[0082] For example, if the target windward angle of blade section 1 is calculated to be 10° by the PID real-time adjustment algorithm, and its current windward angle is 6°, the control command generated by the controller includes the target windward angle parameter of 10°. The controller can calculate the target torque of 30 N·m required to achieve the angle change from 6° to 10° based on the preset torque-angle mapping relationship. After receiving the control command, the electric actuator corresponding to blade section 1 accurately outputs the target torque of 30 N·m according to the torque parameter in the command. This torque is stably transmitted to the connection node fixed to the SMA frame through the drive arm, causing the SMA frame to produce adaptive bending deformation, thereby pushing the windward angle of blade section 1 to gradually adjust from 6° to the target value of 10°, completing the precise adaptation of the windward angle of the section.

[0083] The wind turbine blade control system provided in this application includes a blade body, a data acquisition device, a controller, and a segmented drive mechanism. The blade body includes multiple blade sections. The data acquisition device acquires status data from the multiple blade sections. The controller is connected to both the data acquisition device and the segmented drive mechanism, and generates control commands based on the status data of the multiple blade sections, including a target windward angle for at least one blade section. The segmented drive mechanism is independently configured for each blade section and adjusts the current windward angle of the target blade section to the target windward angle according to the control commands. In this process, through the core architecture of blade section design, segmented independent drive, and multi-dimensional data feedback, the system can adapt to dynamic changes in wind speed and direction, significantly improving the dynamic adaptability of the blade. This enhances wind energy capture efficiency while reducing the risk of blade stress concentration, achieving synergistic optimization of blade operational stability and power generation efficiency under dynamic wind conditions.

[0084] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the wind turbine blade control system provided in this application. Please refer to... Figure 4 ,exist Figure 2 Based on the embodiment shown, each blade section of the wind turbine blade control system 20 is also equipped with an electric heating device 25. The electric heating device 25 is connected to the shape memory alloy skeleton and is used to heat the shape memory alloy skeleton when it deviates from its initial shape due to deformation, so that the shape memory alloy skeleton can be restored to its initial shape.

[0085] In one specific implementation, when the blade encounters extreme conditions such as strong gusts or short-term intense turbulence, the SMA frame can buffer extreme loads and resist the impact of these conditions through active deformation. However, after repeated or prolonged extreme deformation, the frame is prone to residual deformation that cannot be self-corrected, causing the blade's aerodynamic shape to deviate from its initial design state. At this time, the controller can monitor the strain parameters and aerodynamic shape deviation of the SMA frame through a data acquisition device, and then send an electric heating command to the corresponding heating device. The heating device can precisely control the local temperature of the SMA frame within its phase transition temperature range, and utilize the shape memory effect of the SMA to drive the frame to return to its initial shape, allowing the blade to return to its initial designed aerodynamic shape.

[0086] Furthermore, after the SMA frame is fully reset, the data acquisition device can feed back a shape recovery signal, the controller synchronously controls the electric heating device to stop supplying power, and schedules the electric drive actuators of the corresponding zones to transmit torque through the drive arm, adjusting the windward angle of the blade zone to the target windward angle that is suitable for the current wind field, ensuring that the blades quickly return to an efficient and stable operating state while restoring the optimal aerodynamic shape.

[0087] Optionally, the electric heating device can be a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater, a flexible heating film, or an embedded micro heating element.

[0088] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation location of the electric heating device provided in an embodiment of this application. Please refer to... Figure 5 Taking blade section 1 as an example, the electric heating device 51 can be installed in the critical deformation area of ​​the SMA skeleton within blade section 1 by means of pasting, embedding, etc., and is arranged close to the surface of the SMA skeleton. This position can avoid the movement path of driving components such as driving arms and connecting nodes, avoid interfering with the normal torque transmission of the segmented driving mechanism, and allow the heat of the electric heating device to act directly and efficiently on the residual deformation concentration area of ​​the SMA skeleton, ensuring that the local temperature of the skeleton can be quickly and accurately raised to the phase transition range during heating, and efficiently triggering the shape memory effect to drive the skeleton to restore its initial shape.

[0089] In the wind turbine blade control system provided in this application embodiment, each blade section is also equipped with an electrothermal device. This electrothermal device is connected to the shape memory alloy skeleton in the corresponding blade section and is used to heat the shape memory alloy skeleton when it deviates from its initial shape due to deformation, so that it returns to its initial shape. By heating the residual deformed shape memory alloy skeleton with the electrothermal device to trigger the shape memory effect, the aerodynamic shape of the blade can be quickly restored, avoiding problems such as airflow separation and increased drag caused by skeleton distortion. This ensures that the wind energy capture efficiency remains stable within the optimal range, while also timely dissipating the structural stress concentration caused by deformation accumulation, reducing the risk of blade cracking and fatigue damage, and significantly extending the overall service life of the shape memory alloy skeleton and the blade.

[0090] In one possible design, the fiber optic grating sensors installed in each blade section of the wind turbine blade control system are also used to collect strain parameters of the shape memory alloy skeleton in that blade section after deformation, and send the strain parameters to the controller. The controller can determine the operating state of the blade section based on the strain parameters. The operating state can include a normal deformation state or an over-deformation risk state.

[0091] In one specific implementation, the controller can pre-store strain thresholds calibrated based on the mechanical properties of the SMA material (such as elastic limit and yield strength) and the load-bearing capacity of the blade zoning design. For example, the strain threshold corresponding to the normal deformation state is 0-500. The strain threshold corresponding to the over-deformation risk state is 500-600. When the strain parameters collected by the fiber Bragg grating sensor are within the corresponding range, the controller can quickly determine the working status of the blade partition.

[0092] When the deformation is determined to be normal, the controller can maintain the current windward angle adjustment strategy, and the fiber optic grating sensor will continuously collect strain parameters and provide real-time feedback to ensure that the deformation of the SMA frame is always within a safe range. If the deformation is determined to be at risk, the controller can immediately send a warning signal and simultaneously link the segmented drive mechanism to fine-tune the drive torque, reduce the load-bearing intensity of the blade section, and prevent the deformation from further aggravating.

[0093] In the wind turbine blade control system provided in this application embodiment, each blade section is equipped with a fiber Bragg grating sensor. The fiber Bragg grating sensor is communicatively connected to the controller to collect strain parameters of the shape memory alloy skeleton within the corresponding blade section after deformation in real time, and sends the strain parameters to the controller. The controller can determine the operating state of the blade section based on the strain parameters. The operating state includes a normal deformation state or an over-deformation risk state. Through the high-precision strain monitoring of the fiber Bragg grating sensor, real-time data support can be provided for the deformation control of the shape memory alloy skeleton, accurately identifying the risk of over-deformation and avoiding structural damage in advance, thereby improving the safety and controllability of the wind turbine blade control system.

[0094] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the wind turbine blade control method provided in an embodiment of this application. Please refer to... Figure 6 This method, applied to the controller in the wind turbine blade control system, may include:

[0095] S601. Acquire status data of multiple blade partitions sent by the data acquisition device.

[0096] The execution entity in this application embodiment can be a controller or a wind turbine blade control device installed in the controller. The wind turbine blade control device can be implemented through software or a combination of software and hardware. The wind turbine blade control device can be a processor within the controller. For ease of understanding, the technical solution of this application will be described below using a controller as an example.

[0097] In this step, the controller can acquire status data of multiple blade sections in the wind turbine generator through a pre-set data acquisition device. This data acquisition device includes an anemometer and wind vane, as well as fiber Bragg grating sensors and vibration sensors installed in each blade section. The status data specifically includes: ambient wind speed and direction parameters acquired by the anemometer; strain parameters (corresponding to the shape memory alloy skeleton deformation state) and temperature parameters of each blade section acquired by its configured fiber Bragg grating sensor; and vibration parameters of the blade section acquired by its configured vibration sensor.

[0098] For example, the controller can acquire ambient wind speed parameters of 4.5 m / s and wind direction parameters at a 25° angle to the nacelle centerline via an anemometer; and acquire strain parameters of 320 via fiber optic grating sensor 1 in blade section 1. The temperature parameter is 29℃, and the vibration parameter of 1.6 mm / s is collected by vibration sensor 1 in this section; the strain parameter of 410 is collected by fiber optic grating sensor 2 in blade section 2. The temperature parameter is 28℃, and the vibration parameter of 2.0 mm / s is collected by vibration sensor 2 in this zone; the strain parameter of 290 mm / s is collected by fiber optic grating sensor 3 in blade zone 3. The temperature parameter was 27℃, and the vibration parameter of 1.8mm / s was collected by the vibration sensor 3 in this zone.

[0099] It should be noted that the current environmental wind speed parameters, in addition to the currently collected real-time values ​​(such as 4.5 m / s in the example), can also include continuous time-series data within a preset historical period. For example, 120 sets of data collected and stored within the last 10 minutes at sampling intervals of 5 seconds can have a historical wind speed parameter range of 3.8-4.6 m / s, showing an overall slight upward trend with fluctuations. Similarly, the wind direction parameter, in addition to the current real-time deflection angle (such as 25° in the example), can also include continuous deflection angle data within a preset historical period (such as 23°-27°), without significant abrupt changes. The aforementioned real-time data and historical time-series data together constitute a complete dimension of wind field environmental data.

[0100] S602. Based on the status data of multiple blade sections, generate control commands to control the segmented drive mechanism to adjust the current windward angle of at least one blade section to the target windward angle according to the control commands.

[0101] In this step, the controller can use a wind speed prediction model to predict the wind speed and wind direction in the future based on environmental wind speed and wind direction parameters (including real-time data and historical time-series data). Through a blade angle adjustment algorithm, the controller processes the predicted wind speed, predicted wind direction, and strain, temperature, and vibration parameters of multiple blade sections to determine the target windward angle of at least one blade section. Based on the target windward angle of at least one blade section, the controller generates control commands to control the segmented drive mechanism to adjust the current windward angle of at least one blade section to the target windward angle according to the control commands.

[0102] Furthermore, the segmented drive mechanism includes independent drive mechanisms corresponding to multiple blade sections one by one. Each drive mechanism consists of an electric actuator, a drive arm, and a connecting node. For any blade section, the connecting node is fixed to the SMA frame within that blade section, and the electric actuator is detachably connected to the connecting node via the drive arm.

[0103] When the segmented drive mechanism receives the control command from the controller, for any target blade section, the corresponding drive mechanism will perform the following actions: the electric actuator of the target blade section will accurately output the corresponding target torque according to the target windward angle in the control command; the target torque will be transmitted through the drive arm connected to the electric actuator and will finally act on the connection node fixed on the SMA frame; under the action of the torque, the connection node will cause the shape memory alloy frame to undergo adaptive deformation, thereby driving the current windward angle of the blade section to gradually adjust to the target windward angle.

[0104] Specifically, the wind speed prediction model can use an LSTM network, and its construction and training process can be achieved through the following steps ① and ②.

[0105] Step 1: Construct an initial wind speed prediction model based on an LSTM network.

[0106] The initial wind speed prediction model's network structure includes an input layer, a hidden layer, and an output layer. The input layer's dimension is adapted to the feature dimension of the training samples. The hidden layer has a preset number of LSTM neurons to mine the long-term and short-term dependencies in the time series data. The output layer is used to output the predicted wind speed and direction for future periods.

[0107] Step 2: Train the initial wind speed prediction model using multiple training samples to obtain the wind speed prediction model.

[0108] The training samples can be derived from the historical operating data of wind turbine generators. Each training sample includes an input feature sample and a label sample, and there is a time series correspondence between the input feature sample and the label sample.

[0109] In one specific implementation, the input feature sample can be continuous time-series data within a preset duration prior to a certain historical moment, including environmental wind speed time-series data and wind direction time-series data collected by an anemometer during that period, with the data dimension matching the input layer dimension of the initial wind speed prediction model; the label sample is the actual wind speed and actual wind direction data within the "target prediction period" corresponding to the input feature sample, where the target prediction period is a preset duration after the historical moment corresponding to the input feature sample.

[0110] Optionally, the training samples should cover historical data under different wind field conditions, different seasonal ambient temperatures, and different unit operating loads to ensure that the trained wind speed prediction model has good generalization ability. Among them, different wind field conditions may include, but are not limited to, steady wind, strong gusts, and short-term turbulence.

[0111] Specifically, the blade angle adjustment algorithm can employ a PID real-time control algorithm. This algorithm calculates the target windward angle for at least one blade section based on predicted wind speed, predicted wind direction, and strain, temperature, and vibration parameters for each blade section. Subsequently, based on a preset torque-angle mapping relationship, the target windward angle is converted into a corresponding target torque, and this target torque parameter is output to the drive mechanism of the corresponding blade section, providing precise control basis for the torque output of the drive mechanism. The torque-angle mapping relationship can be pre-calibrated based on the blade section structural parameters, SMA frame mechanical characteristics, and drive mechanism transmission efficiency.

[0112] In one optional implementation, each blade section is also provided with an electric heating device, which is connected to the SMA skeleton in the blade section. When the controller detects that the SMA skeleton in the blade section deviates from its initial shape due to deformation through the data acquisition device, it can control the electric heating device of the corresponding blade section to start, so as to accurately heat the SMA skeleton in that area and use the shape memory effect of SMA material to restore the SMA skeleton to its initial shape.

[0113] In one optional implementation, the controller also features SMA skeleton deformation state monitoring and operational status determination functions. After receiving strain parameters collected and uploaded in real time from fiber Bragg grating sensors configured in each blade section, it can analyze and determine the operational status of the corresponding blade section by combining these parameters with a preset strain threshold range. Specifically, the operational status can be divided into normal deformation state and over-deformation risk state.

[0114] In this embodiment, the controller can acquire status data of multiple blade sections sent by the data acquisition device, and generate control commands based on the status data of the multiple blade sections. This control commands then instruct the segmented drive mechanism to adjust the current windward angle of at least one blade section to the target windward angle. During this process, the controller captures real-time dynamic changes such as wind speed fluctuations and wind direction deflection, and combines this with feedback from the strain, temperature, and vibration of each blade section to generate differentiated control commands. Relying on the independent adjustment characteristics of the segmented drive mechanism, it achieves precise and rapid response adjustment of the windward angle of each blade section, significantly improving the blade's real-time adaptability to complex dynamic wind fields. This ensures that the blade maintains optimal aerodynamic performance in scenarios with continuously changing wind conditions, thereby enhancing the stability and efficiency of wind energy capture.

[0115] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram illustrating the blade control principle of a wind turbine generator set, provided as an embodiment of this application. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 7 It can include a data acquisition layer, an algorithm calculation layer, an execution layer, and a feedback and fault handling layer.

[0116] The data acquisition layer may include an anemometer, as well as fiber optic grating sensors and vibration sensors set in each blade section.

[0117] Among them, the anemometer is used to collect environmental wind speed and wind direction parameters, the fiber optic grating sensor corresponding to the blade section is used to collect the strain and temperature parameters of the blade section, and the vibration sensor corresponding to the blade section is used to collect the vibration parameters of the blade section. Thus, it can be determined that the status data includes environmental wind speed parameters, wind direction parameters, strain parameters, temperature parameters, and vibration parameters of multiple blade sections.

[0118] The algorithm computation layer can include an LSTM wind speed prediction model and a PID real-time adjustment algorithm. The wind speed prediction model can predict wind speed and direction for future periods based on environmental wind speed and direction parameters. The PID real-time adjustment algorithm processes the predicted wind speed, predicted wind direction, and strain, temperature, and vibration parameters of the multiple blade sections to determine the target windward angle of at least one blade section. Then, control commands can be generated based on the target windward angle of the at least one blade section, and these control commands include the target windward angle of at least one blade section.

[0119] The execution layer may include a segmented drive mechanism for adjusting the current windward angle of at least one blade section to a target windward angle according to control commands, so as to cause flexible deformation of the blade body. The segmented drive mechanism may include, but is not limited to, a leading-edge electric actuator and a trailing-edge electric actuator.

[0120] The feedback and fault handling layer is mainly used to build a control closed loop and realize autonomous handling of abnormal states: it can receive the blade zone deformation status data returned by the fiber optic grating sensor of the data acquisition layer and synchronize it to the algorithm calculation layer to support the controller to dynamically adjust control commands; when it is determined that the blade is in a normal deformation state, it continuously synchronizes data to maintain the current efficient wind energy capture strategy; if over-deformation risk or residual deformation of the SMA frame is detected, an early warning is triggered, and the corresponding zone electric heating device is linked to heat and reset the frame, and the drive mechanism is linked to fine-tune the load. After the state is restored, a feedback signal is sent to schedule the drive mechanism to readjust the wind field target wind angle, so that the blade can quickly return to a stable and efficient operating state.

[0121] The wind turbine blade control principle provided in this application embodiment can be found in the technical solution shown in the above method embodiment. The implementation logic and beneficial effects are similar, and will not be repeated here.

[0122] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the wind turbine blade control device provided in an embodiment of this application. Please refer to... Figure 8 The wind turbine blade control device 80 includes:

[0123] The acquisition module 81 is used to acquire status data of multiple blade partitions sent by the data acquisition device;

[0124] The processing module 82 is used to generate control commands based on the status data of multiple blade sections, so as to control the segmented drive mechanism to adjust the current windward angle of at least one blade section to the target windward angle according to the control commands. The control commands include the target windward angle of at least one blade section.

[0125] The wind turbine blade control device provided in this application embodiment can execute the technical solution shown in the above method embodiment. Its implementation principle and beneficial effects are similar, and will not be described again here.

[0126] In one possible implementation, the data acquisition device includes an anemometer and fiber Bragg grating sensors and vibration sensors disposed in each blade section; the acquisition module 81 is specifically used for:

[0127] Environmental wind speed and direction parameters are collected using an anemometer.

[0128] For any blade section, the strain and temperature parameters of the blade section are obtained through fiber optic grating sensors, and the vibration parameters of the blade section are obtained through vibration sensors.

[0129] The determined state data includes environmental wind speed parameters, wind direction parameters, strain parameters of multiple blade zones, temperature parameters, and vibration parameters.

[0130] In one possible implementation, the segmented drive mechanism includes multiple drive mechanisms corresponding to different blade sections, and the drive mechanism includes an electric actuator, a drive arm, and a connecting node.

[0131] For any blade section, the connection node is fixed to the shape memory alloy skeleton in the blade section, and the electric drive actuator is detachably connected to the connection node through the drive arm;

[0132] Processing module 82 is specifically used for:

[0133] For any target blade section, according to the control command, the electric actuator corresponding to the target blade section outputs the target torque, which is transmitted to the connection node through the drive arm, causing the shape memory alloy skeleton to deform, so as to adjust the current windward angle to the target windward angle.

[0134] In one possible implementation, the processing module 82 is specifically used for:

[0135] Based on environmental wind speed and direction parameters, the wind speed and direction in the future are predicted using a wind speed prediction model.

[0136] By using a blade angle adjustment algorithm, the predicted wind speed, predicted wind direction, strain parameters, temperature parameters, and vibration parameters of multiple blade zones are processed to determine the target windward angle of at least one blade zone.

[0137] Control commands are generated based on the target windward angle of at least one blade section.

[0138] In one possible implementation, each blade section is further provided with an electric heating device, which is connected to the shape memory alloy skeleton. The processing module 82 is also used for:

[0139] When the shape memory alloy skeleton deviates from its initial shape due to deformation, the shape memory alloy skeleton is heated by an electric heating device to restore it to its initial shape.

[0140] In one possible implementation, the processing module 82 is further configured to:

[0141] The system receives and uploads strain parameters of the shape memory alloy skeleton after deformation from the fiber optic grating sensors configured in each blade section, and determines the working state of the corresponding blade section. The working state is specifically divided into normal deformation state and over-deformation risk state.

[0142] The wind turbine blade control device provided in this application embodiment can execute the technical solution shown in the above method embodiment. Its implementation principle and beneficial effects are similar, and will not be described again here.

[0143] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the controller provided in an embodiment of this application. Please refer to... Figure 9 The controller 90 provided in this embodiment includes at least one processor 91 and a memory 92. Optionally, the controller 90 further includes a communication component 93. The processor 91, the memory 92, and the communication component 93 are connected via a bus 94.

[0144] In a specific implementation, at least one processor 91 executes computer execution instructions stored in memory 92, causing at least one processor 91 to perform the above-described method.

[0145] The specific implementation process of processor 91 can be found in the above method embodiments, and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar. It will not be repeated here.

[0146] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in this invention can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0147] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) and may also include non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device.

[0148] The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, the buses shown in the accompanying drawings are not limited to a single bus or a single type of bus.

[0149] This application also provides a wind turbine generator set, including the wind turbine generator blade control system shown in the above system embodiment, or... Figure 9 The controller shown is used to implement the wind turbine blade control method described in the above embodiment. During operation, the wind turbine can achieve precise adjustment of the windward angle of each section of the blades, real-time monitoring of deformation status, and autonomous handling of abnormal operating conditions through the above control method, so as to adapt to the changing needs of complex dynamic wind fields. While improving wind energy capture efficiency and power generation stability, it effectively reduces the risk of stress concentration and fatigue damage to the blade structure, thereby extending the overall service life of the unit.

[0150] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method.

[0151] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the above-described method.

[0152] The aforementioned readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0153] An exemplary readable storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can reside in an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). Alternatively, the processor and the readable storage medium can exist as discrete components in the device.

[0154] The division of units is merely a logical functional division; in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0155] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0156] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0157] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0158] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs the steps of the above-described method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0159] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein, and is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A wind turbine blade control system, characterized in that, include: The blade body comprises a data acquisition device, a controller, and a segmented drive mechanism; the blade body includes multiple blade sections. The data acquisition device is used to acquire the status data of the multiple blade partitions; The controller is connected to the data acquisition device and the segmented drive mechanism respectively, and is used to generate control commands based on the status data of the multiple blade sections; the control commands include the target windward angle of at least one blade section; The segmented drive mechanism is used to adjust the current windward angle of at least one blade section to the target windward angle according to the control command.

2. The wind turbine blade control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition device includes an anemometer and a fiber Bragg grating sensor and a vibration sensor installed in each blade section; acquiring the status data of the multiple blade sections includes: The anemometer collects environmental wind speed and wind direction parameters. For any blade section, the strain and temperature parameters of the blade section are obtained by a fiber optic grating sensor, and the vibration parameters of the blade section are obtained by a vibration sensor. The state data includes the environmental wind speed parameter, the wind direction parameter, the strain parameter of multiple blade zones, the temperature parameter, and the vibration parameter.

3. The wind turbine blade control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The segmented drive mechanism includes multiple drive mechanisms corresponding to different blade sections, and each drive mechanism includes an electric actuator, a drive arm, and a connecting node. For any blade section, the connection node is fixed to the shape memory alloy skeleton in the blade section, and the electric drive actuator is detachably connected to the connection node through the drive arm; The step of adjusting the current windward angle of at least one blade section to the target windward angle according to the control command includes: For any target blade section, according to the control command, the electric actuator corresponding to the target blade section is controlled to output the target torque, which is transmitted to the connection node through the drive arm, causing the shape memory alloy skeleton to deform, so as to adjust the current windward angle to the target windward angle.

4. The wind turbine blade control system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The step of generating control commands based on the status data of the multiple blade partitions includes: Based on the environmental wind speed and wind direction parameters, the wind speed and wind direction in the future are predicted using the wind speed prediction model. The predicted wind speed, predicted wind direction, strain parameters, temperature parameters, and vibration parameters of the multiple blade sections are processed by the blade angle adjustment algorithm to determine the target windward angle of at least one blade section. The control command is generated based on the target windward angle of the at least one blade section.

5. The wind turbine blade control system according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each blade section is also equipped with an electric heating device, which is connected to the shape memory alloy skeleton and is used to heat the shape memory alloy skeleton when it deviates from its initial shape due to deformation, so that the shape memory alloy skeleton can be restored to its initial shape.

6. The wind turbine blade control system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The fiber optic grating sensor is also used to collect strain parameters of the shape memory alloy skeleton in the blade partition after deformation, and send the strain parameters to the controller; The controller is also configured to determine the operating state of the blade partition based on the strain parameters, the operating state including normal deformation state or over-deformation risk state.

7. A method for controlling the blades of a wind turbine generator set, characterized in that, The method, applied to the controller in the wind turbine blade control system according to any one of claims 1-6, comprises: Acquire status data of multiple blade partitions sent by the data acquisition device; Based on the status data of the multiple blade sections, a control command is generated to control the segmented drive mechanism to adjust the current windward angle of at least one blade section to the target windward angle according to the control command. The control command includes the target windward angle of at least one blade section.

8. A wind turbine blade control device, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire status data of multiple blade partitions sent by the data acquisition device; The processing module is used to generate control commands based on the status data of the multiple blade sections, so as to control the segmented drive mechanism to adjust the current windward angle of at least one blade section to the target windward angle according to the control commands, wherein the control commands include the target windward angle of at least one blade section.

9. A controller, characterized in that, include: Memory, processor; The memory stores computer-executed instructions; The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the processor to perform the method as described in claim 7.

10. A wind turbine generator set, characterized in that, This includes the wind turbine blade control system as described in any one of claims 1-6, or the controller as described in claim 9.

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