Carbon dioxide permeability observation test device and system

Abstract

The invention provides a carbon dioxide permeation observation test device and system, and relates to the technical field of gas observation, and the carbon dioxide permeation observation test device comprises a carbon dioxide gas guide array and a carbon dioxide permeation observation system which are arranged in a target site in a drooping manner; wherein the carbon dioxide gas guide array is used for guiding carbon dioxide mixed gas into an underground area of a target site, so that the carbon dioxide mixed gas permeates in the underground area; the carbon dioxide permeation observation system comprises a carbon dioxide permeation observation array used for observing carbon dioxide permeation data at different observation depths in the underground area, and further comprises a processing system connected with the carbon dioxide permeation observation array and used for post-processing the carbon dioxide permeation data. According to the invention, the permeation condition of carbon dioxide in a real sealing site can be effectively observed, so that the complex permeation condition possibly occurring in the real sealing site can be truly reflected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas observation technology, and in particular to a carbon dioxide permeation observation experimental device and system. Background Technology

[0002] Carbon dioxide (CO2) geological sequestration technology achieves long-term storage by capturing and injecting carbon dioxide emitted from industry into deep geological structures. However, in practical engineering applications, it is necessary to strictly monitor the sequestration effect and potential leakage risks.

[0003] Shallow soils serve as the first line of defense against potential carbon dioxide leakage, making the study of their carbon dioxide permeability crucial for ensuring safe carbon dioxide sequestration. Current safety monitoring for geological carbon dioxide sequestration primarily focuses on the characteristics of deep reservoirs and caprocks, employing various monitoring methods including microseismic monitoring, pressure monitoring, and well-to-well tracing. These technologies are mainly geared towards monitoring deep reservoirs at the kilometer scale, while direct observational research on carbon dioxide transport processes in near-surface soils is relatively weak. In the field of soil carbon dioxide transport research, existing technologies largely concentrate on laboratory-scale soil column experiments or small-scale field trials, which are insufficient to accurately reflect the complex permeability conditions that may occur at actual sequestration sites. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a carbon dioxide permeation observation test device and system, which can effectively observe the permeation of carbon dioxide in a real storage site, thereby truly reflecting the complex permeation situation that may occur in the actual storage site.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a carbon dioxide permeation observation experimental device, comprising: a carbon dioxide gas guiding array and a carbon dioxide permeation observation system suspended vertically within a target site; wherein... Carbon dioxide gas guiding array: used to introduce carbon dioxide mixture into the underground area of ​​the target site so that the carbon dioxide mixture can permeate within the underground area; Carbon dioxide permeability observation system: includes a carbon dioxide permeability observation array for observing carbon dioxide permeability data at different observation depths in the underground area, and a processing system connected to the carbon dioxide permeability observation array for post-processing of carbon dioxide permeability data.

[0006] In one embodiment, the carbon dioxide gas guiding array includes: multiple main air inlet pipes, each main air inlet pipe being connected to the air inlet end of multiple gas guiding components, and the air outlet end of the gas guiding components being located at a specified depth in the underground area. A mixture of carbon dioxide gas with the same or different concentrations is introduced into multiple main inlet pipes. The carbon dioxide gas mixture is then transported to the gas guiding assembly through the inlet end connected to the main inlet pipe, and then introduced to a designated depth in the underground area through the outlet end of the gas guiding assembly.

[0007] In one embodiment, the gas guiding assembly includes a gas guiding pipe and an aeration component disposed at the gas outlet end of the gas guiding pipe; The gas delivery tube is used to transport carbon dioxide mixture; The aeration component is used to release a carbon dioxide mixture to a specified depth.

[0008] In one embodiment, the aeration component includes a connector and a multi-layer filter screen; The connector is used to fix it to the outlet end of the air duct; Multi-layer filters are used to filter the carbon dioxide mixture delivered by the gas delivery pipe and then release it to a specified depth.

[0009] In one embodiment, the gas guiding assembly further includes an adjustable flow meter disposed at the inlet end of the gas guiding pipe for adjusting and detecting the flow rate of the carbon dioxide mixed gas flowing through the inlet end.

[0010] In one embodiment, the carbon dioxide permeation observation array includes multiple observation wells at different observation depths. An observation structure is provided at the end of each observation well. The observation well is used to accommodate the data acquisition wire of the observation structure. The observation structure is used to observe carbon dioxide permeation data at its observation depth and transmit the data to the processing system via the data acquisition wire.

[0011] In one embodiment, the observation structure includes a gas-penetrating structure and a carbon dioxide sensor; Gas-penetrating structures are used to allow gas at the observation depth to penetrate into the observation well; Carbon dioxide sensors are used to detect carbon dioxide permeation data corresponding to the gas in the observation well.

[0012] In one embodiment, the gas penetration structure includes a hydrophobic filter element disposed at the carbon dioxide sensor, an aeration hole at the end of the observation well, and a filler material wrapped around the aeration hole.

[0013] In one embodiment, the device further includes a gas distribution system for mixing carbon dioxide gas and compressed air in a specified ratio, and pressurizing the resulting carbon dioxide mixture before delivering it to the carbon dioxide gas delivery array.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a carbon dioxide permeation observation test system, including the carbon dioxide permeation observation test device according to any one of the first aspects, and a terminal connected to the carbon dioxide permeation observation test device.

[0015] This invention provides a carbon dioxide permeation observation test device and system, comprising: a carbon dioxide gas guiding array and a carbon dioxide permeation observation system suspended in a target site; wherein, the carbon dioxide gas guiding array is used to guide a carbon dioxide mixture into the underground area of ​​the target site, so that the carbon dioxide mixture permeates in the underground area; the carbon dioxide permeation observation system includes a carbon dioxide permeation observation array for observing carbon dioxide permeation data at different observation depths in the underground area, and also includes a processing system connected to the carbon dioxide permeation observation array for post-processing the carbon dioxide permeation data. This device can effectively observe the permeation of carbon dioxide in a real storage site, thereby truly reflecting the complex permeation situation that may occur in the actual storage site.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention are realized and obtained in accordance with the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings.

[0017] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A plan view of a carbon dioxide permeation observation test field provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A cross-sectional plan view of a carbon dioxide infiltration test field provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a carbon dioxide explosion head provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A downhole profile of a carbon dioxide observation well provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a carbon dioxide permeation observation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a data acquisition architecture diagram of a carbon dioxide permeation observation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Icons: 1-Main air inlet pipe; 2-Air guide assembly; 3-Pressure regulating valve; 4-Observation well; 5-Data acquisition wire; 21-Air guide pipe; 22-Aeration component; 23-Adjustable flow meter; 221-Connector; 222-Multi-layer filter screen; 41-Gas penetration structure; 42-Carbon dioxide sensor; 411-Hydrophobic filter element; 412-Aeration hole; 413-Filling material. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Currently, existing technologies are insufficient to accurately reflect the complex permeation conditions that may occur at actual storage sites. Therefore, this invention provides a carbon dioxide permeation observation test device and system that can effectively observe the permeation of carbon dioxide at actual storage sites, thereby accurately reflecting the complex permeation conditions that may occur at actual storage sites.

[0023] To facilitate understanding of this embodiment, a detailed description of a carbon dioxide permeation observation experimental device disclosed in this embodiment of the invention will be provided first. This device includes: a carbon dioxide gas guiding array and a carbon dioxide permeation observation system, both suspended vertically within the target site; wherein, Carbon dioxide gas guiding array: used to introduce carbon dioxide mixture into the underground area of ​​the target site so that the carbon dioxide mixture can permeate within the underground area; Carbon dioxide permeability observation system: includes a carbon dioxide permeability observation array for observing carbon dioxide permeability data at different observation depths in the underground area, and a processing system connected to the carbon dioxide permeability observation array for post-processing of carbon dioxide permeability data.

[0024] This device can effectively observe the permeation of carbon dioxide in a real storage site, thus accurately reflecting the complex permeation situation that may occur in the actual storage site.

[0025] For ease of understanding, this embodiment of the invention provides a specific structure of a carbon dioxide permeation observation experimental device, see [link to documentation]. Figure 1 The diagram shows a plan layout of a carbon dioxide infiltration test site, and... Figure 2 The diagram shows a cross-sectional plan of a carbon dioxide infiltration test field.

[0026] In one embodiment, the carbon dioxide permeation monitoring device is arranged within a target site, which may be referred to as a test site. The carbon dioxide gas guiding array includes: multiple main inlet pipes 1, each main inlet pipe 1 being connected to the inlet end of multiple gas guiding components 2. The outlet ends of the gas guiding components 2 are located at a designated depth in the underground area of ​​the test site. A pressure regulating valve 3 is provided at the inlet end of the main inlet pipe 1. For an application example, please refer to [link to application example]. Figure 1 The test site measures 25 meters north-south and 23 meters east-west. Air-guiding components (2) are arranged at 2.5-meter intervals. Figure 1 The system uses circles filled with different colors to represent gas guiding components (with gas guiding components of the same color connected to the same main air intake pipe). There are a total of nine columns and nine rows. Pre-set, every three columns form a group with three main air intake pipes, allowing for the introduction of carbon dioxide gas of the same concentration or different concentrations. Based on this structure, mixed gases of the same or different concentrations of carbon dioxide can be introduced into multiple main air intake pipes. The carbon dioxide mixture is transported to the gas guiding pipes through the inlet end connected to the main air intake pipe, and then guided to a designated depth in the underground area by an explosion component installed at the outlet end of the gas guiding pipe.

[0027] Furthermore, the gas guiding assembly 2 includes a gas guiding pipe 21 and an aeration component 22 disposed at the outlet end of the gas guiding pipe 21. The gas guiding pipe 21 is used to transport carbon dioxide mixed gas, and the aeration component 22 is used to release the carbon dioxide mixed gas to a specified depth. The aeration component 22 can also be called an aeration head. Multiple aeration heads can be installed on a single gas guiding pipe, and each aeration head can also be equipped with an adjustable flow meter to collect the gas flow rate corresponding to each aeration head. That is, the gas guiding pipes are laid out at 2.5-meter intervals, and the aeration heads (such as...) are installed at a height of 2 meters. Figure 2 (As shown).

[0028] Furthermore, this embodiment of the invention provides a specific structure for an aeration head, which includes a connector 221 and a multi-layer filter screen 222. The connector 221 is used to fix it to the outlet end of the air guide pipe; the multi-layer filter screen 222 is used to filter the carbon dioxide mixed gas transported by the air guide pipe and release it to a specified depth. See also Figure 3 The diagram shows a carbon dioxide aeration head, with stainless steel connectors and a double-layer filter screen.

[0029] Please continue reading Figure 2 The air guiding assembly also includes an adjustable flow meter 23 disposed at the air inlet end of the air guiding pipe 21, for adjusting and detecting the flow rate of the carbon dioxide mixed gas flowing through the air inlet end.

[0030] In one embodiment, the carbon dioxide permeability observation array includes multiple observation wells 4 at different observation depths. An observation structure is located at the end of each observation well 4. The observation well 4 houses the data acquisition wires of the observation structure. The observation structure is used to observe carbon dioxide permeability data at its respective observation depth, and the data is transmitted to the processing system via the data acquisition wires 5. For an example, please continue to refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 Pre-buried observation wells 4 (0.5, 1.5, and 2.5 meters from the ground) are set at three observation depths to observe the diffusion of carbon dioxide in different layers above, middle, and below the aeration layer after its release. Observation well 4 adopts in-situ measurement, and the measurement data is collected uniformly in the data acquisition room via a guide wire. It is responsible for the data collection and overall control of the aeration control center throughout the entire experiment.

[0031] Further, see Figure 4 The diagram shows a downhole profile of a carbon dioxide observation well. The observation structure includes a gas penetration structure 41 and a carbon dioxide sensor 42. The gas penetration structure 41 is used to allow gas at the observation depth to penetrate into the observation well 4, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the gas penetration structure 41 includes a hydrophobic filter element 411 located at the carbon dioxide sensor 42, an aeration hole 412 at the end of the observation well 4, and a filler 413 surrounding the aeration hole 412. The carbon dioxide sensor 42 is used to detect the carbon dioxide permeation data corresponding to the gas in the observation well 4. Optionally, the carbon dioxide sensor 42 can be replaced with other carbon dioxide concentration measuring instruments. Throughout the experimental research process, the selection of carbon dioxide concentration measuring instruments and the establishment of the measurement system are crucial. Considering research objectives, testing accuracy, and funding, it is advisable to independently develop or jointly develop wide-range, high-resolution product equipment (requiring an instrument range of 0-200,000 ppm and a resolution of 1 ppm) to achieve wide-frequency, high-precision performance of the monitoring system and improve the overall simulation experiment capability.

[0032] Furthermore, the carbon dioxide permeation observation and testing device also includes a gas mixing system, used to mix carbon dioxide gas and compressed air in a specified ratio, and then pressurize the resulting carbon dioxide mixture before delivering it to the carbon dioxide gas delivery array. In specific implementation, the gas mixing system mixes high-purity carbon dioxide gas with compressed air to the required concentration, pressurizes it to 0.5 MPa, and then introduces it into a pre-buried underground aeration head through an 8 mm conduit, achieving pressurized tissue permeation of carbon dioxide gas of known concentration underground.

[0033] Further, see Figure 5The diagram shows a schematic of a carbon dioxide permeation observation device. The processing system of this invention may include a data acquisition center connected to a data acquisition cable 5, and the data acquisition center is communicatively connected to a server. The server is communicatively connected to a terminal, which displays the post-processing results of the carbon dioxide permeation data. Based on this, see [reference needed]. Figure 6 The diagram shows a data acquisition architecture for a carbon dioxide permeation observation device. The data acquisition center can acquire data uploaded by carbon dioxide sensors (referred to as measurement points) installed on each observation well, as well as data uploaded by adjustable flow meters installed on each gas delivery pipe, for post-processing.

[0034] The carbon dioxide permeation monitoring device provided in this invention can effectively monitor the permeation of carbon dioxide in actual storage sites, thereby accurately reflecting the complex permeation conditions that may occur in actual storage sites and providing support for subsequent applications. Specifically: (1) Ensure the integrity and accuracy of experimental data, laying the foundation for scientific research: (1.1) The transport and diffusion of carbon dioxide released underground in the soil is influenced by a combination of factors, including soil pore structure (porosity, permeability), water content, texture (sandy / clay), organic matter content, and surface meteorological conditions (temperature, humidity, wind speed, precipitation). The process is heterogeneous, dynamic, and concealed. Without systematic monitoring, data fragmentation or even distortion will occur. (1.2) Soil is a typical heterogeneous porous medium. The clay content and pore connectivity of different areas in the same test site may vary greatly. Carbon dioxide will diffuse rapidly along the dominant channels. It is impossible to capture the complete concentration field distribution by monitoring only a few fixed points. (1.3) Precipitation compresses the gas space in soil pores and reduces the diffusion rate of carbon dioxide, while high temperature accelerates the movement of gas molecules. Dynamic changes in meteorological conditions can cause real-time changes in carbon dioxide transport paths. Multiple parameters need to be monitored simultaneously to clarify the response relationship between meteorology, soil and CO2 transport.

[0035] The carbon dioxide permeation observation device provided in this invention can construct a three-dimensional dataset of time, space, and parameters by acquiring data from multiple dimensions (concentration, humidity, temperature, pressure), multiple spatial points (different distances / depths around the release point), and high frequency (minute-level / hour-level). This avoids deviations in research conclusions due to missed key nodes or missing parameters, and ensures that the experimental data can support subsequent mechanism analysis and pattern summarization.

[0036] (2) Analysis of the core mechanism and main controlling factors of carbon dioxide transport and diffusion in soil: The core objective of the carbon dioxide infiltration monitoring device is to reveal the diffusion path, rate decay law and boundary influence of carbon dioxide in soil under different underground release conditions. The analysis of these mechanisms must rely on the support of system monitoring data.

[0037] (2.1) Quantitative diffusion characteristic parameters: By monitoring the carbon dioxide concentration change curves over time at different distances (e.g., 0.5m, 1m, 3m, 5m) and different depths (e.g., 1m, 2m, 3m) around the release point, key parameters such as diffusion coefficient, concentration gradient, and radius of influence can be calculated, clarifying how the carbon dioxide concentration decay rate changes as the distance and depth increase. (2.2) Identify the main controlling factors: Simultaneously monitor parameters such as soil moisture content (e.g., when the moisture content of clay soil increases, the carbon dioxide diffusion rate decreases) and surface wind speed (increased wind speed accelerates the escape of carbon dioxide from the surface). Through correlation analysis, the contribution of soil properties and external meteorological conditions to transport and diffusion can be distinguished. For example, during the dry season, carbon dioxide diffusion in sandy soil is dominated by the gas phase, but after rainfall, it becomes a water-gas two-phase blocked diffusion. (2.3) Capturing special transport phenomena: There may be capillary blockage effect (i.e., carbon dioxide diffusion is blocked in moist pores) and concentration stratification phenomenon (i.e., high concentration of carbon dioxide accumulates in low-lying soil due to density difference). These phenomena can only be discovered through spatial data of high-density monitoring points and cannot be verified by theoretical deduction alone.

[0038] (3) Verify and calibrate the soil carbon dioxide transport prediction model to improve simulation reliability: Current numerical models for soil carbon dioxide transport are mostly based on the assumption of ideal homogeneous soil, which deviates significantly from actual heterogeneous soil. The carbon dioxide infiltration observation device provided in this embodiment of the invention provides experimental basis for model verification and optimization.

[0039] (3.1) Model parameter calibration: Input the measured data such as soil porosity and diffusion coefficient obtained from monitoring into the model to replace the empirically estimated parameters and solve the simulation deviation caused by inaccurate model input parameters; (3.1) Simulation result calibration: Compare the carbon dioxide concentration distribution predicted by the model with the actual concentration field monitored, and correct the module parameters in the model related to the carbon dioxide concentration distribution. For example, for the simulation deviation in the interface area between sandy soil and clay soil, adjust the interface diffusion resistance coefficient through measured data so that the model can more accurately predict the range of carbon dioxide transport under complex soil conditions.

[0040] Through verification and calibration, the carbon dioxide permeation monitoring device provided in this embodiment of the invention can significantly improve the reliability of soil carbon dioxide transport prediction models, providing a precise tool for subsequent "prediction of carbon dioxide leakage risk in shallow soil of CCS projects". For example, it can predict how long it will take for carbon dioxide to diffuse to the surface or sensitive areas in shallow soil after a leak in the storage body.

[0041] (4) Supporting the research and development and verification of soil carbon dioxide leakage monitoring technology, serving engineering applications: In CCS projects, if underground carbon dioxide breaks through the caprock, it will first enter the shallow soil. Therefore, the shallow soil is a key early warning layer for carbon dioxide leakage. The carbon dioxide permeability observation device provided in this embodiment can serve as a "testbed" for soil carbon dioxide leakage monitoring technology, directly serving the needs of engineering applications: (4.1) Screening efficient monitoring methods: Different monitoring technologies (such as static soil gas sampling, in-situ fiber optic sensing, and portable carbon dioxide analyzer for real-time monitoring) are deployed simultaneously in the test field. By manually controlling the release intensity, the detection limits (such as whether it can identify a concentration anomaly of 0.1% vol), response time (such as how long after a concentration anomaly can an early warning be triggered), and spatial positioning accuracy (such as whether it can locate the leak point within ±0.5m) of different technologies are compared to screen out a low-cost, highly sensitive, and easy-to-maintain engineering monitoring scheme. (4.2) Establishing early warning thresholds: By monitoring the background, abnormal, and dangerous concentration ranges of soil carbon dioxide under different release intensities over a long period, graded early warning thresholds can be established. For example: background value 0.04% vol, abnormal value 0.5% vol, and dangerous value 5% vol, providing a directly referable standard for soil monitoring and early warning in CCS projects.

[0042] Based on the foregoing embodiments, this embodiment of the invention provides a carbon dioxide permeation observation test system, including the carbon dioxide permeation observation test device provided in the foregoing embodiments, and a terminal connected to the carbon dioxide permeation observation test device. The terminal can be used to display the post-processing results of carbon dioxide permeation data.

[0043] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the carbon dioxide permeation observation test system described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit it. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide permeation observation experimental device, characterized in that, include: A carbon dioxide gas guiding array and a carbon dioxide permeation observation system were vertically installed within the target site; among them... The carbon dioxide gas guiding array is used to introduce a carbon dioxide mixture into the underground area of ​​the target site, so that the carbon dioxide mixture can permeate into the underground area. The carbon dioxide permeability observation system includes a carbon dioxide permeability observation array for observing carbon dioxide permeability data at different observation depths within the underground area, and a processing system connected to the carbon dioxide permeability observation array for post-processing the carbon dioxide permeability data.

2. The carbon dioxide permeation observation experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon dioxide gas guiding array includes: multiple main air inlet pipes, each of which is connected to the air inlet end of multiple gas guiding components, and the air outlet end of each gas guiding component is located at a specified depth in the underground area; A mixture of carbon dioxide gas with the same or different concentrations is introduced into multiple main inlet pipes. The carbon dioxide gas mixture is delivered to the gas guiding assembly through the inlet end connected to the main inlet pipe, and then introduced to the designated depth of the underground area through the outlet end of the gas guiding assembly.

3. The carbon dioxide permeation observation experimental apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air guiding assembly includes an air guiding pipe and an aeration component disposed at the air outlet end of the air guiding pipe. The gas delivery pipe is used to transport the carbon dioxide mixed gas; The aeration component is used to release the carbon dioxide mixture to the specified depth.

4. The carbon dioxide permeation observation experimental apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The aeration component includes a connector and a multi-layer filter screen; The connector is used to fix it to the outlet end of the air duct; The multi-layer filter screen is used to filter the carbon dioxide mixture gas delivered by the gas guide pipe and then release it to the designated depth.

5. The carbon dioxide permeation observation experimental apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gas guiding assembly also includes an adjustable flow meter disposed at the inlet end of the gas guiding pipe, for adjusting and detecting the flow rate of the carbon dioxide mixed gas flowing through the inlet end.

6. The carbon dioxide permeation observation experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon dioxide permeation observation array includes multiple observation wells at different observation depths. An observation structure is provided at the end of each observation well. The observation well is used to accommodate the data acquisition wire of the observation structure. The observation structure is used to observe carbon dioxide permeation data at its respective observation depth and transmit the data to the processing system via the data acquisition wire.

7. The carbon dioxide permeation observation experimental apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The observation structure includes a gas penetration structure and a carbon dioxide sensor; The gas penetration structure is used to allow gas at the observation depth to penetrate into the observation well; The carbon dioxide sensor is used to detect the carbon dioxide permeation data corresponding to the gas in the observation well.

8. The carbon dioxide permeation observation experimental apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The gas penetration structure includes a hydrophobic filter element disposed at the carbon dioxide sensor, an aeration hole at the end of the observation well, and a filler material wrapped around the aeration hole.

9. The carbon dioxide permeation observation experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes a gas distribution system for mixing carbon dioxide gas and compressed air in a specified ratio, and pressurizing the resulting carbon dioxide mixture before delivering it to the carbon dioxide gas delivery array.

10. A carbon dioxide permeation observation test system, characterized in that, It includes the carbon dioxide permeation observation test apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, and a terminal connected to the carbon dioxide permeation observation test apparatus.

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